A vertical base station antenna with high front-to-back ratio and communication equipment

Abstract

The present invention discloses an upright base station antenna and communication equipment with a high front-to-back ratio, comprising a reflector, a metal ring, a metal surround and an antenna radiation unit, wherein the antenna radiation unit is arranged on the reflector, the metal ring is arranged above the reflector and nested around the antenna radiation unit, and the metal surround is arranged around the reflector, and the metal surround is grooved. The antenna has the advantages of an upright structure, a small antenna size, a high front-to-back ratio, and small cross polarization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of mobile communications, and in particular to an upright base station antenna and communication equipment with a high front-to-back ratio. Background Art

[0002] With the development of mobile communication technology, users' demand for communication is increasing, and it is particularly important to improve the capacity of mobile communication systems. Cellular mobile communication systems can realize frequency reuse, which greatly improves the capacity of the system. Using the same frequency to transmit different data improves the frequency utilization rate, but it is inevitable that interference will occur between different base stations using the same frequency. Such interference will lead to confusion in the switching relationship, and in serious cases, call drops will occur.

[0003] In order to improve the quality of mobile communications, it is required to minimize co-channel interference in practical applications. For cells using the same frequency, the radiation intensity of the cell should be guaranteed while the radiation to the cells using the same frequency should be minimized. This requires the base station antenna to have good directivity. Only by improving the front-to-back ratio of the antenna can it be ensured that the antenna radiates the highest possible level to the cells that the base station needs to cover, and radiates the lowest possible level to other base stations using the same frequency. The traditional way to increase the front-to-back ratio of the antenna is to increase the reflector, but increasing the reflector will also increase the size of the antenna. The increase in the size of the antenna not only takes up space, but also increases the cost. In actual engineering applications, it is particularly important to control the size of the antenna while increasing the front-to-back ratio of the antenna.

[0004] At present, due to the limitation of technology level, the reflector area of ​​base station antennas used in communication systems is generally large, which does not meet the requirements of mobile communication systems. If a single-spoke base station antenna can have a higher front-to-back ratio while controlling the size, the space utilization rate can be greatly improved. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an upright base station antenna and communication equipment with a high front-to-back ratio.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] An upright base station antenna with a high front-to-back ratio comprises a reflector, a metal ring, a metal surround and an antenna radiating unit, wherein the antenna radiating unit is arranged on the reflector, the metal ring is arranged above the reflector and nested around the antenna radiating unit, and the metal surround is arranged around the reflector, and the metal surround is grooved.

[0008] Furthermore, the metal ring is an octagon, and the octagon includes four first sides and four second sides, and the first sides and the second sides are alternately arranged.

[0009] Furthermore, the first side and the second side are both trapezoidal structures, the length of the second side is greater than the length of the first side, and the width of the first side is greater than the width of the second side.

[0010] Furthermore, the antenna radiation unit includes an antenna dielectric substrate, a feeding structure and a radiating element. The antenna dielectric substrate includes a first dielectric substrate and a second dielectric substrate. The radiating element includes a first radiating element and a second radiating element. The feeding structure includes a first feed line and a second feed line. The first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate are nested with each other and fixed in a cross shape at the center of the reflector. The first radiating element and the second radiating element are printed on the front of the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate, respectively. The first feed line and the second feed line are printed on the back of the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate, respectively. The first radiating element constitutes a +45 degree polarized element, which is fed by the first feed line. The second radiating element constitutes a -45 degree polarized element, which is fed by the second feed line.

[0011] Furthermore, the first radiating vibrator and the second radiating vibrator have the same structure, and are both composed of two downwardly inclined vibrator arms.

[0012] Furthermore, the downward inclination angle of the vibrator arm is 20 degrees.

[0013] Furthermore, a rectangular gap is opened in the upper part of each vibrator arm, dividing the vibrator arm into two parts.

[0014] Furthermore, the metal surrounding edge is composed of four rectangular plates.

[0015] Furthermore, each rectangular plate is provided with two groups of grooves, one group of grooves is two grooves symmetrical about the center line of the rectangular plate and of the same shape, and the other group of grooves is two grooves arranged on both sides of the center line of the rectangular plate and of different shapes, and the other group of grooves is arranged between the two grooves in one group.

[0016] A communication device comprises the upright base station antenna.

[0017] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0018] (1) The front-to-back ratio of this antenna reaches 25dB, covering 690-960MHz, and is suitable for LTE700, CDMA800 and GSM900 frequency bands.

[0019] (2) The antenna has a metal surround on the reflector, which can suppress the existence of surface waves on the floor, reduce the diffraction of surface waves on the edge of the floor, and improve the front-to-back ratio of the antenna.

[0020] (3) The metal edge is provided with irregular grooves to extend the current path and effectively improve the front-to-back ratio.

[0021] (4) The antenna is provided with a metal ring and a rectangular gap to effectively improve the antenna gain.

[0022] (5) The radiator of the present invention has a novel structure and is easy to manufacture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is a front view of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a radiation unit of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metal ring of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is the front-to-back ratio of the high front-to-back ratio upright base station antenna of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 is the impedance bandwidth of the high front-to-back ratio upright base station antenna of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] like Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, an upright base station antenna with a high front-to-back ratio includes a reflector 2, a metal ring 4, a metal surround 3 and an antenna radiation unit 1. The metal ring 4 is printed on a dielectric substrate 6, and the dielectric substrate is fixed above the reflector 2 through a support column 5. In this embodiment, the two are 75 mm apart, and the support columns are all insulating plastic columns.

[0032] The antenna radiation unit includes a first radiation element 7A, a second radiation element 7B, an antenna dielectric substrate and a feeding structure, the feeding structure includes a first feed line 8A and a second feed line 8B, the antenna dielectric substrate includes a first dielectric substrate 9A and a second dielectric substrate 9B, the first radiation element and the second radiation element are printed on the front of the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate respectively, the first feed line and the second feed line are printed on the back of the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate respectively, the first radiation element constitutes a +45 degree polarization element, which is fed by the first feed line, and the second radiation element constitutes a -45 degree polarization element, which is fed by the second feed line.

[0033] The first feeder and the second feeder have the same structure and size, and are perpendicular to each other.

[0034] The distance between the reflector and the top of the antenna radiation unit is 0.2λ L -0.3λ L , where λ L It is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of 0.83 GHz of the broadband base station antenna in free space.

[0035] The first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate are nested with each other and fixed in the center of the reflector in a cross shape.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the upper edge of each radiating element is similar to the two waists of a triangle, and its downward tilt angle is 20 degrees. The tilt angle has an impact on the S-parameters and the front-to-back ratio of the antenna. The simulated tilt angle in this embodiment is optimal.

[0037] Furthermore, the first radiating element and the second radiating element are each composed of two radiator arms, each of which has a rectangular gap, and the rectangular gap improves the gain of the antenna. The rectangular gap is located at about three quarters of the height of the antenna, and the width of the rectangle is about 5 mm. The rectangular gap divides the antenna into half, which guides the radiation of the antenna and improves the gain of the antenna.

[0038] The metal ring is an octagon, and its height is equal to that of the rectangular slot, and its position is about three quarters of the antenna height. The antenna gain is reduced, and the metal ring guides the antenna to radiate forward, thereby increasing the antenna gain and playing a role similar to that of a director, while also increasing the front-to-back ratio of the antenna in the low-frequency band.

[0039] Furthermore, the octagon is composed of two sizes of sides alternately arranged, namely the first side and the second side, the first side is a thick side, and the second side is a thin side. Due to the ring structure, the first side and the second side are both trapezoidal, the upper base of the first side is 66.5mm, the lower base is 77.8mm, and its height is greater than the second side. The upper base of the second side is 70mm, and the lower base is 96mm.

[0040] In order to further achieve the effect of high front-to-back ratio, the antenna is provided with slots on the metal perimeter. The metal perimeter is composed of four rectangular plates vertically arranged on the reflector. The shape of the metal perimeter is the same as that of the reflector, both of which are square. The slots of each rectangular plate are the same, including two groups of slots, each group including two slots. The two slots of the first group are symmetrically arranged about the center line of the rectangular plate, and have the same shape, both are long strips. The two slots of the second group are arranged on both sides of the center line of the rectangular plate, and have different shapes. The two slots of the second group are located between the two slots of the first group. The role of the slot is to extend the path of the current on the perimeter. The physical path length of a perimeter after the slot is about 420mm. When the antenna is working, the path of the induced current on it is between one wavelength (313mm-435mm) of the antenna working frequency band, so that the field generated by the induced current and the field radiated backward generated by the original antenna are offset, thereby reducing the backward radiation of the antenna and improving the front-to-back ratio. However, the slots will also affect the impedance matching of the antenna, so how to set the number, size and position of the slots is very critical.

[0041] In this embodiment, the rectangular plate has a length of 195 mm and a width of 50 mm. The first group of grooves is in the shape of long strips with a length of 40 mm, and the second group of grooves has a length of 40 mm. The grooves are independent of each other and are not connected.

[0042] The dielectric substrate 6 is made of high-frequency plate material R04350B, with a thickness of 0.76 mm and a relative dielectric constant of 3.45, and an octagonal cavity is opened in the middle to be nested around the radiation unit.

[0043] The reflective plate is square with a side length of 198 mm.

[0044] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the antenna of the first embodiment has an impedance bandwidth of 690-960 MHz and a return loss of 15 dB, which can fully cover the LTE700, CDMA800 and GSM900 frequency bands, and the isolation in this bandwidth reaches more than 30 dB, and the front-to-back ratio reaches 25 dB.

[0045] The upright base station antenna has the characteristics of novel structure, upright structure, simple production, small antenna size, front-to-back height ratio, small cross polarization, etc.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] A communication device comprises the antenna as described in Example 1.

[0048] The above embodiments are preferred implementation modes of the present invention, but the implementation modes of the present invention are not limited to the embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be equivalent replacement methods and are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An upright base station antenna with a high front-to-back ratio, characterized in that: It comprises a reflector, a metal ring, a metal rim and an antenna radiation unit, wherein the antenna radiation unit is arranged on the reflector, the metal ring is arranged above the reflector and nested around the antenna radiation unit, the metal rim is arranged around the reflector, and the metal rim is grooved; The antenna radiation unit comprises an antenna dielectric substrate, a feeding structure and a radiation vibrator, the antenna dielectric substrate comprises a first dielectric substrate and a second dielectric substrate, the radiation vibrator comprises a first radiation vibrator and a second radiation vibrator, the feeding structure comprises a first feed line and a second feed line, the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate are mutually nested and fixed in a cross-shaped manner at the central position of the reflection plate, the first radiation vibrator and the second radiation vibrator are respectively printed on the front of the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate, the first feed line and the second feed line are respectively printed on the back of the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate, the first radiation vibrator constitutes a +45 degree polarization vibrator, fed by the first feed line, and the second radiation vibrator constitutes a -45 degree polarization vibrator, fed by the second feed line; The first radiating element and the second radiating element are both composed of two downwardly inclined radiator arms, each radiator arm is provided with a rectangular gap, the rectangular gap improves the gain of the antenna, and the rectangular gap is located at three quarters of the height of the antenna; The metal ring is an octagon, which includes four first sides and four second sides. The first sides and the second sides are alternately arranged. The height of the metal ring is equivalent to the height of the rectangular slot, and the position is three quarters of the height of the antenna. The gain of the antenna is reduced. The effect of the metal ring guides the antenna to radiate toward the front, thereby increasing the gain of the antenna and playing a role similar to a director. At the same time, it improves the front-to-back ratio of the antenna in the low-frequency band.

2. The vertical base station antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the second side is greater than the length of the first side, and the width of the first side is greater than the width of the second side.

3. The vertical base station antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pendulum arm has a downward inclination angle of 20 degrees.

4. The upright base station antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The metal surrounding edge is composed of four rectangular plates.

5. The vertical base station antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each rectangular plate is provided with two groups of grooves, one group of grooves is two grooves of the same shape and symmetrical about the center line of the rectangular plate, and the other group of grooves is two grooves of different shapes arranged on both sides of the center line of the rectangular plate, and the other group of grooves is arranged between the two grooves in one group.

6. A communication device, characterized in that: The invention comprises the upright base station antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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