A thermal management system and control method for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle

Abstract

The present invention provides a thermal management system and control method for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, including: 5 circuits, namely, a stack heat dissipation circuit, a battery circuit, an auxiliary heat dissipation circuit, a refrigeration solution circuit and a refrigerant circuit: different equipment is shared between each circuit; the stack heat dissipation circuit and the battery circuit share a battery circuit heating plate exchanger; the battery circuit and the refrigerant circuit share a battery circuit cooling plate exchanger; the refrigerant circuit and the stack heat dissipation circuit share a generator; the refrigerant circuit and the refrigeration solution circuit share a generator and an absorber; the auxiliary heat dissipation circuit is an independent circuit and does not share equipment with other circuits. The present invention makes full use of the characteristics of the thermal management system of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, utilizes the waste heat generated by the fuel cell engine according to the vehicle use scenario requirements, meets the heating or cooling requirements of the passenger compartment and the battery, reduces the energy consumption of the entire vehicle, and achieves the purpose of energy saving and increasing endurance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of thermal management systems for fuel cell vehicles, and in particular to a thermal management system and a control method for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle. Background Art

[0002] When a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle is running, the temperature of the battery stack needs to be maintained at 70-80°C, and a large amount of waste heat will be generated. Due to the low heat dissipation temperature, there will be great heat dissipation pressure in summer. The auxiliary components that maintain the normal operation of the battery stack also need proper temperature control, and the battery pack and passenger compartment need to be heated or cooled according to demand. The thermal management system of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle has the characteristics of many controlled components, high control accuracy requirements, a wide external environment temperature range, and large heat dissipation. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention utilizes the characteristics of the thermal management system of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, and utilizes the waste heat generated by the fuel cell engine according to the vehicle usage scenario requirements, meeting the heating or cooling requirements of the passenger compartment and the battery, reducing the energy consumption of the entire vehicle, and achieving the purpose of energy saving and increasing battery life. At the same time, it reduces components such as the air-conditioning compressor, which can reduce the cost of the entire vehicle.

[0004] The present invention provides a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle thermal management system and control method, the system comprising: a deionizer, a main circuit expansion water tank, a particle filter, a first electronic three-way proportional valve, a main circuit high-pressure water pump, a battery circuit heating plate exchanger, a battery circuit water pump, a battery circuit cooling plate exchanger, a passenger compartment evaporator, a passenger compartment heater core, an electronic three-way proportional valve, a generator, a solution pump, an absorber, a liquid storage tank, a condenser, a main circuit radiator, an auxiliary circuit expansion water tank, an auxiliary circuit water pump and an auxiliary circuit radiator;

[0005] The above equipment forms a total of 5 circuits, namely the stack heat dissipation circuit, battery circuit, auxiliary heat dissipation circuit, refrigeration solution circuit and refrigerant circuit: different equipment is shared between each circuit, specifically:

[0006] The stack heat dissipation circuit and the battery circuit share a battery circuit heating plate;

[0007] The battery circuit and the refrigerant circuit share a battery circuit cooling plate;

[0008] The refrigerant circuit and the stack heat dissipation circuit share a generator;

[0009] The refrigerant circuit and the refrigeration solution circuit share a generator and an absorber;

[0010] The auxiliary heat dissipation circuit is an independent circuit and does not share equipment with other circuits.

[0011] Furthermore, the stack heat dissipation circuit adopts fuel cell-specific antifreeze, specifically including: a deionizer, a main circuit expansion tank, a particle filter, a first electronic three-way proportional valve, a main circuit high-pressure water pump, a battery circuit heating plate, a crew cabin heater core, a second electronic three-way proportional valve, a main circuit radiator and a generator;

[0012] The output end of the main circuit radiator is connected to the input end of the deionizer and the particle filter; the output end of the deionizer is connected to the input end of the main circuit expansion water tank; the output end of the main circuit expansion water tank is connected to the input end of the main circuit high-pressure water pump and the input end of the battery circuit heating plate; the output end of the main circuit high-pressure water pump is connected to the input end of the battery stack; the output end of the battery stack is connected to the input end of the electronic three-way proportional valve; the output end of the electronic three-way proportional valve is connected to one end of the fifth valve, one end of the sixth valve, the input end of the main circuit radiator and the input end of the PTC heater; the output end of the PTC heater is connected to the first electronic three-way proportional valve. The input end of the valve is connected; the other end of the fifth valve is connected to the input end of the passenger compartment heater core; the output end of the passenger compartment heater core is connected to one end of the second valve and one end of the first valve; the other end of the second valve is connected to the input end of the battery circuit heating plate exchanger; the other end of the first valve is connected to the input end of the battery circuit heating plate exchanger; the output end of the particle filter is connected to the input end of the first electronic three-way proportional valve; the output end of the first electronic three-way proportional valve is connected to the input end of the main circuit high-pressure water pump; the other end of the sixth valve is connected to the input end of the generator; the output end of the generator is connected to the input end of the main circuit high-pressure water pump.

[0013] Furthermore, the battery circuit uses common antifreeze, specifically including: a battery circuit heating plate, a battery circuit water pump, a battery and a battery circuit cooling plate;

[0014] The output end of the battery circuit heating plate is connected to the input end of the battery circuit water pump; the output end of the battery circuit water pump is connected to the battery input end; the battery output end is connected to the input end of the battery circuit cooling plate; the output end of the battery circuit cooling plate is connected to the input end of the battery circuit heating plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the auxiliary heat dissipation circuit uses common antifreeze, and specifically includes: an auxiliary circuit expansion tank, an auxiliary circuit water pump, an auxiliary circuit radiator, a motor, a bidirectional DC-DC, an intercooler, an air compressor and a controller;

[0016] The output end of the auxiliary circuit radiator is connected to the input end of the auxiliary circuit expansion water tank and the input end of the auxiliary circuit water pump; the output end of the auxiliary circuit expansion water tank is connected to the input end of the auxiliary circuit water pump; the output end of the auxiliary circuit water pump is connected to one end of the motor, one end of the bidirectional DC-DC, and one end of the air compressor and the controller; the other end of the motor, the other end of the bidirectional DC-DC, the other end of the air compressor and the controller are connected to the input end of the auxiliary circuit radiator.

[0017] Furthermore, the refrigeration solution circuit adopts lithium bromide solution, and specifically includes: a generator, a solution pump and an absorber; the absorber is connected to the generator through the solution pump; and the generator is connected to the absorber through a first throttle valve.

[0018] Furthermore, the refrigerant circuit includes: a generator, an absorber, a liquid storage tank, a condenser, a crew evaporator and a battery circuit cooling plate exchanger;

[0019] The output end of the generator is connected to the input end of the condenser; the output end of the condenser is connected to the input end of the liquid storage tank; the output end of the liquid storage tank is connected to one end of the second throttle valve; the other end of the second throttle valve is connected to the input end of the passenger compartment evaporator; the output end of the passenger compartment evaporator is connected to one end of the fourth valve and the input end of the battery circuit cooling plate; the output end of the battery circuit cooling plate is connected to one end of the third valve; the other end of the fourth valve is connected to the other end of the third valve and are jointly connected to one end of the absorber.

[0020] A thermal management control method for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle is applied to a thermal management system of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, and includes the following functions: stack heating, stack cooling, stack temperature maintenance, auxiliary component cooling, battery heating, passenger compartment heating, refrigeration circuit operation, battery cooling and passenger compartment cooling.

[0021] Furthermore, the stack temperature increase, stack temperature reduction, and stack temperature maintenance are performed through a stack heat dissipation circuit, specifically as follows:

[0022] Heating the stack: Control the operation of the high-pressure water pump in the main circuit, and use the first electronic three-way proportional valve and the electronic three-way proportional valve to switch the stack heat dissipation circuit to the PTC heater working circuit, and use the fuel cell special antifreeze to circulate in the circuit to heat the stack;

[0023] Stack cooling: Control the operation of the main circuit high-pressure water pump, and use the first electronic three-way proportional valve and the electronic three-way proportional valve to switch the stack cooling circuit to the main circuit radiator action circuit, cool the fuel cell special antifreeze in the circuit, and then cool the stack;

[0024] Stack temperature maintenance: Control the operation of the main circuit high-pressure water pump, and by controlling the air volume of the main circuit radiator, the opening degree of the first electronic three-way proportional valve, and the speed of the main circuit high-pressure water pump, keep the temperature of the fuel cell-specific antifreeze within the preset range, thereby maintaining the stack temperature.

[0025] Furthermore, the auxiliary component is cooled by an auxiliary heat dissipation circuit, specifically, by controlling the operation of the auxiliary circuit water pump and the auxiliary circuit radiator to cool the common antifreeze liquid in the auxiliary heat dissipation circuit, thereby cooling the auxiliary component;

[0026] The operation of the refrigeration circuit is carried out through the refrigeration solution circuit and the battery stack heat dissipation circuit, specifically: controlling the operation of the main circuit high-pressure water pump, switching to the right circuit by using the electronic three-way proportional valve, and controlling the sixth valve to open; controlling the operation of the solution pump; the high-temperature water discharged from the battery stack passes through the generator, causing the water in the lithium bromide solution to absorb heat and evaporate, and the water vapor enters the condenser to release heat and condense to form liquid water; the liquid water is reduced in pressure and throttled by the second throttle valve, and enters the passenger compartment evaporator or the battery circuit cooling plate to absorb heat and evaporate, and the water vapor is absorbed by the lithium bromide solution in 14; the solution pump allows the lithium bromide solution in the absorber to enter the generator, and the evaporated lithium bromide solution flows out of the generator and enters the absorber through the first throttle valve, and the cycle is repeated.

[0027] The battery temperature is increased and decreased through the battery circuit and the refrigeration circuit, specifically:

[0028] Battery heating: Control the operation of the main circuit high-pressure water pump and the battery circuit water pump, use the electronic three-way proportional valve to switch to the right part of the battery circuit, control the first valve and the fifth valve to open, and the second valve to close. The high-temperature water discharged from the battery stack is exchanged through the battery circuit heating plate to heat the ordinary antifreeze in the battery circuit, thereby heating the battery;

[0029] Battery cooling: Control the operation of the refrigeration circuit, the battery circuit water pump, open the third valve, and close the fourth valve; the refrigerator evaporates and absorbs heat in the battery circuit cooling plate exchange, cooling the ordinary antifreeze, and then cooling the battery;

[0030] The passenger compartment is heated up and cooled down through a refrigerant circuit and a stack heat dissipation circuit, specifically:

[0031] Heating the passenger compartment: Control the operation of the high-pressure water pump in the main circuit, use the electronic three-way proportional valve to switch to the right part of the circuit, control the first valve to close, and the second and fifth valves to open. The high-temperature water discharged from the battery stack flows into the passenger compartment through the passenger compartment heater core to heat the air;

[0032] Passenger compartment cooling: control the operation of the refrigeration circuit, the operation of the passenger compartment evaporator, open the fourth valve and close the third valve; the passenger compartment evaporator evaporates and absorbs heat, so that the air entering the passenger compartment is cooled down.

[0033] The beneficial effects provided by the present invention are: making full use of the characteristics of the thermal management system of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, utilizing the waste heat generated by the fuel cell engine according to the vehicle usage scenario requirements, meeting the heating or cooling requirements of the passenger compartment and the battery, reducing the energy consumption of the entire vehicle, achieving the purpose of energy saving and increasing endurance, while reducing components such as the air-conditioning compressor, and reducing the cost of the entire vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of a thermal management system for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle of the present invention; wherein, 1. deionizer; 2. main circuit expansion water tank; 3. particle filter; 4. first electronic three-way proportional valve; 5. main circuit high-pressure water pump; 6. battery circuit heating plate exchanger; 7. battery circuit water pump; 8. battery circuit cooling plate exchanger; 9. passenger compartment evaporator; 10. passenger compartment heater core; 11. second electronic three-way proportional valve; 12. generator; 13. solution pump; 14. absorber; 15. liquid storage tank; 16. condenser; 17. main circuit radiator; 18. auxiliary circuit expansion water tank; 19. auxiliary circuit water pump; 20. auxiliary circuit radiator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 1 A thermal management system for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle comprises the following: a deionizer 1, a main circuit expansion water tank 2, a particle filter 3, a first electronic three-way proportional valve 4, a main circuit high-pressure water pump 5, a battery circuit heating plate exchanger 6, a battery circuit water pump 7, a battery circuit cooling plate exchanger 8, a passenger compartment evaporator 9, a passenger compartment heater core 10, an electronic three-way proportional valve 11, a generator 12, a solution pump 13, an absorber 14, a liquid storage tank 15, a condenser 16, a main circuit radiator 17, an auxiliary circuit expansion water tank 18, an auxiliary circuit water pump 19 and an auxiliary circuit radiator 20;

[0037] The above equipment forms a total of 5 circuits, namely the stack heat dissipation circuit, battery circuit, auxiliary heat dissipation circuit, refrigeration solution circuit and refrigerant circuit: different equipment is shared between each circuit, specifically:

[0038] The stack heat dissipation circuit and the battery circuit share a battery circuit heating plate 6;

[0039] The battery circuit and the refrigerant circuit share a battery circuit cooling plate 8;

[0040] The refrigerant circuit and the stack heat dissipation circuit share a generator 12;

[0041] The refrigerant circuit and the refrigeration solution circuit share a generator 12 and an absorber 14;

[0042] The auxiliary heat dissipation circuit is an independent circuit and does not share equipment with other circuits.

[0043] The stack heat dissipation circuit adopts fuel cell special antifreeze, specifically including: deionizer 1, main circuit expansion water tank 2, particle filter 3, first electronic three-way proportional valve 4, main circuit high-pressure water pump 5, battery circuit heating plate exchanger 6, crew cabin heater core 10, second electronic three-way proportional valve 11, main circuit radiator 17 and generator 12;

[0044] In the present invention, the fuel cell-specific antifreeze liquid is an existing product, which is not the core content of the present invention and can be selected according to actual conditions.

[0045] The output end of the main circuit radiator 17 is connected to the input end of the deionizer 1 and the particle filter 3; the output end of the deionizer 1 is connected to the input end of the main circuit expansion water tank 2; the output end of the main circuit expansion water tank 2 is connected to the input end of the main circuit high-pressure water pump 5 and the input end of the battery circuit heating plate 6; the output end of the main circuit high-pressure water pump 5 is connected to the input end of the battery stack; the output end of the battery stack is connected to the input end of the electronic three-way proportional valve 11; the output end of the electronic three-way proportional valve 11 is connected to one end of the fifth valve, one end of the sixth valve, the input end of the main circuit radiator 17 and the input end of the PTC heater; the output end of the PTC heater is connected to the first electronic three-way proportional valve 11. The input end of the valve 4 is connected; the other end of the fifth valve is connected to the input end of the passenger compartment heater core 10; the output end of the passenger compartment heater core 10 is connected to one end of the second valve and one end of the first valve; the other end of the second valve is connected to the input end of the battery circuit heating plate 6; the other end of the first valve is connected to the input end of the battery circuit heating plate 6; the output end of the particulate filter 3 is connected to the input end of the first electronic three-way proportional valve 4; the output end of the first electronic three-way proportional valve 4 is connected to the input end of the main circuit high-pressure water pump 5; the other end of the sixth valve is connected to the input end of the generator 12; the output end of the generator 12 is connected to the input end of the main circuit high-pressure water pump 5.

[0046] The battery circuit uses common antifreeze, specifically including: a battery circuit heating plate exchange 6, a battery circuit water pump 7, and a battery and battery circuit cooling plate exchange 8;

[0047] In the present invention, ordinary antifreeze is a prior art product, which is not the core content of the present invention and can be selected according to actual conditions.

[0048] The output end of the battery circuit heating plate changer 6 is connected to the input end of the battery circuit water pump 7; the output end of the battery circuit water pump 7 is connected to the battery input end; the battery output end is connected to the input end of the battery circuit cooling plate changer 8; the output end of the battery circuit cooling plate changer 8 is connected to the input end of the battery circuit heating plate changer 6.

[0049] The auxiliary heat dissipation circuit uses common antifreeze, and specifically includes: an auxiliary circuit expansion tank 18, an auxiliary circuit water pump 19, an auxiliary circuit radiator 20, a motor, a two-way DC-DC, an intercooler and an air compressor and a controller;

[0050] The output end of the auxiliary circuit radiator 20 is connected to the input end of the auxiliary circuit expansion water tank 18 and the input end of the auxiliary circuit water pump 19; the output end of the auxiliary circuit expansion water tank 18 is connected to the input end of the auxiliary circuit water pump 19; the output end of the auxiliary circuit water pump 19 is connected to one end of the motor, one end of the bidirectional DC-DC, and one end of the air compressor and the controller; the other end of the motor, the other end of the bidirectional DC-DC, the other end of the air compressor and the controller are connected to the input end of the auxiliary circuit radiator 20.

[0051] The refrigeration solution loop adopts lithium bromide solution, and specifically includes: a generator 12, a solution pump 13 and an absorber 14; the absorber 14 is connected to the generator 12 through the solution pump 13; the generator 12 is connected to the absorber 14 through a first throttle valve.

[0052] The refrigerant circuit includes: a generator 12, an absorber 14, a liquid storage tank 15, a condenser 16, a crew evaporator 9 and a battery circuit cooling plate 8;

[0053] The output end of the generator 12 is connected to the input end of the condenser 16; the output end of the condenser 16 is connected to the input end of the liquid storage tank 15; the output end of the liquid storage tank 15 is connected to one end of the second throttle valve; the other end of the second throttle valve is connected to the input end of the passenger compartment evaporator 9; the output end of the passenger compartment evaporator 9 is connected to one end of the fourth valve and the input end of the battery circuit cooling plate 8; the output end of the battery circuit cooling plate 8 is connected to one end of the third valve; the other end of the fourth valve is connected to the other end of the third valve and are jointly connected to one end of the absorber 14.

[0054] A thermal management control method for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle is applied to a thermal management system of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, and includes the following functions: stack heating, stack cooling, stack temperature maintenance, auxiliary component cooling, battery heating, passenger compartment heating, refrigeration circuit operation, battery cooling and passenger compartment cooling.

[0055] The stack temperature increase, stack temperature decrease, and stack temperature maintenance are performed through a stack heat dissipation circuit, specifically:

[0056] Heating the stack: Control the operation of the main circuit high-pressure water pump 5, and use the first electronic three-way proportional valve 4 and the electronic three-way proportional valve 11 to switch the stack heat dissipation circuit to the PTC heater working circuit, and use the fuel cell special antifreeze to circulate in the circuit to heat the stack;

[0057] Cooling the battery stack: Control the operation of the main circuit high-pressure water pump 5, and use the first electronic three-way proportional valve 4 and the second electronic three-way proportional valve 11 to switch the heat dissipation circuit of the battery stack to the action circuit of the main circuit radiator 17 (the circuit consisting of the main circuit high-pressure water pump 5, the battery stack, the second electronic three-way proportional valve 11, the main circuit radiator 17, the particle filter 3, and the first electronic three-way proportional valve), cool the fuel cell special antifreeze in the circuit, and then cool the battery stack;

[0058] Stack temperature maintenance: Control the operation of the main circuit high-pressure water pump 5, and by controlling the air volume of the main circuit radiator 17, the opening degree of the first electronic three-way proportional valve 4, and the rotation speed of the main circuit high-pressure water pump 5, the temperature of the fuel cell-specific antifreeze liquid is within the preset range, thereby maintaining the stack temperature.

[0059] The auxiliary component is cooled by the auxiliary heat dissipation circuit, specifically, the auxiliary circuit water pump 19 and the auxiliary circuit radiator 20 are controlled to operate, so as to cool the ordinary antifreeze liquid in the auxiliary heat dissipation circuit, and then cool the auxiliary component;

[0060] The operation of the refrigeration circuit is carried out through the refrigeration solution circuit and the battery stack heat dissipation circuit, specifically: controlling the operation of the main circuit high-pressure water pump 5, using the second electronic three-way proportional valve 11 to switch to the right circuit (the circuit composed of the main circuit high-pressure water pump, the battery stack, the second electronic three-way proportional valve 11, the sixth valve, and the generator 12), and controlling the sixth valve to open; controlling the operation of the solution pump 13; the high-temperature water discharged from the battery stack passes through the generator 12, causing the water in the lithium bromide solution to absorb heat and evaporate, and the water vapor enters the condenser 16 to release heat and condense to form liquid water; the liquid water is reduced in pressure and throttled by the second throttle valve, enters the passenger compartment evaporator 9 or the battery circuit cooling plate 8 to absorb heat and evaporate, and the water vapor is absorbed by the lithium bromide solution in 14; the solution pump 13 allows the lithium bromide solution in the absorber 14 to enter the generator 12, and the evaporated lithium bromide solution flows out of the generator 12 and enters the absorber 14 through the first throttle valve, and the cycle is repeated.

[0061] The battery temperature is increased and decreased through the battery circuit and the refrigeration circuit, specifically:

[0062] Battery heating: Control the operation of the main circuit high-pressure water pump 5 and the battery circuit water pump 7, and use the second electronic three-way proportional valve 11 to switch to the right part of the battery circuit (the circuit consisting of the main circuit high-pressure water pump 5, the battery stack, the second electronic three-way proportional valve 11, the fifth valve, the passenger compartment heater core 10, the first valve, and the battery circuit heating plate 6), control the first valve and the fifth valve to open, and the second valve to close, and the high-temperature water discharged from the battery stack passes through the battery circuit heating plate 6 to heat the ordinary antifreeze in the battery circuit, thereby heating the battery;

[0063] Battery cooling: Control the operation of the refrigeration circuit, the battery circuit water pump 7 operates, open the third valve, and close the fourth valve; the refrigerator evaporates and absorbs heat in the battery circuit cooling plate 8, so that the ordinary antifreeze liquid cools down, and then cools down the battery;

[0064] The passenger compartment is heated up and cooled down through a refrigerant circuit and a stack heat dissipation circuit, specifically:

[0065] Passenger compartment heating: Control the operation of the main circuit high-pressure water pump 5, and use the second electronic three-way proportional valve 11 to switch to the right part of the circuit (the circuit consisting of the main circuit high-pressure water pump 5, the battery stack, the second electronic three-way proportional valve 11, the fifth valve, the passenger compartment heater core 10, and the second valve), control the first valve to close, and the second valve and the fifth valve to open, so that the high-temperature water discharged from the battery stack heats the air flowing into the passenger compartment through the passenger compartment heater core 10;

[0066] Passenger compartment cooling: control the operation of the refrigeration circuit, operate the passenger compartment evaporator 9, open the fourth valve and close the third valve; the passenger compartment evaporator 9 evaporates and absorbs heat, so that the air entering the passenger compartment is cooled.

[0067] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: making full use of the characteristics of the thermal management system of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, utilizing the waste heat generated by the fuel cell engine according to the vehicle usage scenario requirements, meeting the heating or cooling requirements of the passenger compartment and the battery, reducing the energy consumption of the entire vehicle, achieving the purpose of energy saving and increasing battery life, while reducing components such as air-conditioning compressors, and reducing the cost of the entire vehicle.

[0068] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thermal management system for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, characterized in that: include: Deionizer (1), main circuit expansion water tank (2), particle filter (3), first electronic three-way proportional valve (4), main circuit high-pressure water pump (5), battery circuit heating plate exchanger (6), battery circuit water pump (7), battery circuit cooling plate exchanger (8), passenger compartment evaporator (9), passenger compartment heater core (10), electronic three-way proportional valve (11), generator (12), solution pump (13), absorber (14), liquid storage tank (15), condenser (16), main circuit radiator (17), auxiliary circuit expansion water tank (18), auxiliary circuit water pump (19) and auxiliary circuit radiator (20); The above equipment forms a total of 5 circuits, namely the stack heat dissipation circuit, battery circuit, auxiliary heat dissipation circuit, refrigeration solution circuit and refrigerant circuit: different equipment is shared between each circuit, specifically: The stack heat dissipation circuit and the battery circuit share a battery circuit heating plate (6); The battery circuit and the refrigerant circuit share a battery circuit cooling plate (8); The refrigerant circuit and the stack heat dissipation circuit share a generator (12); The refrigerant circuit and the refrigeration solution circuit share a generator (12) and an absorber (14); The auxiliary heat dissipation circuit is an independent circuit and does not share equipment with other circuits; The stack heat dissipation circuit adopts a fuel cell-specific antifreeze liquid, and specifically comprises: a deionizer (1), a main circuit expansion water tank (2), a particle filter (3), a first electronic three-way proportional valve (4), a main circuit high-pressure water pump (5), a battery circuit heating plate exchanger (6), a crew cabin heater core (10), a second electronic three-way proportional valve (11), a main circuit radiator (17) and a generator (12); The output end of the main circuit radiator (17) is connected to the input end of the deionizer (1) and the particle filter (3); the output end of the deionizer (1) is connected to the input end of the main circuit expansion water tank (2); the output end of the main circuit expansion water tank (2) is connected to the input end of the main circuit high-pressure water pump (5) and the input end of the battery circuit heating plate (6); the output end of the main circuit high-pressure water pump (5) is connected to the input end of the battery stack; the output end of the battery stack is connected to the input end of the electronic three-way proportional valve (11); the output end of the electronic three-way proportional valve (11) is connected to one end of the fifth valve, one end of the sixth valve, the input end of the main circuit radiator (17) and the input end of the PTC heater; the output end of the PTC heater is connected to the first ... the input end of the main circuit radiator (17) and the input end of the PTC heater; the output end of the PTC heater is connected to the first electronic three-way proportional valve (11); the output end of the electronic three-way proportional valve (11) is connected to the input end of the main circuit radiator (17) and the input end of the PTC heater; the output end of the PTC heater is connected to the first electronic three-way proportional valve (11); the output end of the electronic three-way proportional valve (11) is connected to the input end of the main circuit radiator (17) and the input end of the PTC heater; the output end of the PTC heater is connected to the first electronic three-way proportional valve (11); the The input end of the valve (4) is connected; the other end of the fifth valve is connected to the input end of the passenger compartment heater core (10); the output end of the passenger compartment heater core (10) is connected to one end of the second valve and one end of the first valve; the other end of the second valve is connected to the input end of the battery circuit heating plate (6); the other end of the first valve is connected to the input end of the battery circuit heating plate (6); the output end of the particle filter (3) is connected to the input end of the first electronic three-way proportional valve (4); the output end of the first electronic three-way proportional valve (4) is connected to the input end of the main circuit high-pressure water pump (5); the other end of the sixth valve is connected to the input end of the generator (12); the output end of the generator (12) is connected to the input end of the main circuit high-pressure water pump (5); The refrigerant circuit comprises: a generator (12), an absorber (14), a liquid storage tank (15), a condenser (16), a crew evaporator (9) and a battery circuit cooling plate (8); The output end of the generator (12) is connected to the input end of the condenser (16); the output end of the condenser (16) is connected to the input end of the liquid storage tank (15); the output end of the liquid storage tank (15) is connected to one end of the second throttle valve; the other end of the second throttle valve is connected to the input end of the passenger compartment evaporator (9); the output end of the passenger compartment evaporator (9) is connected to one end of the fourth valve and the input end of the battery circuit cooling plate (8); the output end of the battery circuit cooling plate (8) is connected to one end of the third valve; the other end of the fourth valve is connected to the other end of the third valve and is connected together to one end of the absorber (14).

2. A hydrogen fuel cell vehicle thermal management system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The battery circuit uses common antifreeze liquid, and specifically comprises: a battery circuit heating plate (6), a battery circuit water pump (7), and a battery and battery circuit cooling plate (8); The output end of the battery circuit heating plate changer (6) is connected to the input end of the battery circuit water pump (7); the output end of the battery circuit water pump (7) is connected to the battery input end; the battery output end is connected to the input end of the battery circuit cooling plate changer (8); and the output end of the battery circuit cooling plate changer (8) is connected to the input end of the battery circuit heating plate changer (6).

3. A hydrogen fuel cell vehicle thermal management system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary heat dissipation circuit uses common antifreeze liquid and specifically includes: an auxiliary circuit expansion water tank (18), an auxiliary circuit water pump (19), an auxiliary circuit radiator (20), a motor, a bidirectional DC-DC, an intercooler, an air compressor and a controller; The output end of the auxiliary circuit radiator (20) is connected to the input end of the auxiliary circuit expansion water tank (18) and the input end of the auxiliary circuit water pump (19); the output end of the auxiliary circuit expansion water tank (18) is connected to the input end of the auxiliary circuit water pump (19); the output end of the auxiliary circuit water pump (19) is connected to one end of the motor, one end of the bidirectional DC-DC, and one end of the air compressor and the controller; the other end of the motor, the other end of the bidirectional DC-DC, and the other end of the air compressor and the controller are connected to the input end of the auxiliary circuit radiator (20).

4. A hydrogen fuel cell vehicle thermal management system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The refrigeration solution circuit uses a lithium bromide solution and specifically comprises: a generator (12), a solution pump (13) and an absorber (14); the absorber (14) is connected to the generator (12) via the solution pump (13); and the generator (12) is connected to the absorber (14) via a first throttle valve.

5. A hydrogen fuel cell vehicle thermal management control method, applied to a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle thermal management system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following functions are included: stack heating, stack cooling, stack temperature maintenance, auxiliary component cooling, battery heating, passenger compartment heating, refrigeration circuit operation, battery cooling and passenger compartment cooling.

6. A hydrogen fuel cell vehicle thermal management control method as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The stack temperature increase, stack temperature decrease, and stack temperature maintenance are performed through a stack heat dissipation circuit, specifically: Heating the battery stack: controlling the operation of the main circuit high-pressure water pump (5), and using the first electronic three-way proportional valve (4) and the electronic three-way proportional valve (11) to switch the battery stack heat dissipation circuit to the PTC heater working circuit, and using the fuel cell special antifreeze fluid to circulate in the circuit to heat the battery stack; Cooling the stack: controlling the operation of the main circuit high-pressure water pump (5), and using the first electronic three-way proportional valve (4) and the electronic three-way proportional valve (11) to switch the stack heat dissipation circuit to the main circuit radiator (17) action circuit, cooling the fuel cell-specific antifreeze liquid in the circuit, and thereby cooling the stack; The temperature of the fuel cell stack is maintained by controlling the operation of the main circuit high-pressure water pump (5), and by controlling the air volume of the main circuit radiator (17), the opening degree of the first electronic three-way proportional valve (4), and the rotation speed of the main circuit high-pressure water pump (5), so that the temperature of the fuel cell antifreeze liquid is within a preset range, thereby maintaining the temperature of the fuel cell stack.

7. A hydrogen fuel cell vehicle thermal management control method as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The auxiliary component is cooled by an auxiliary heat dissipation circuit, specifically by controlling the operation of an auxiliary circuit water pump (19) and an auxiliary circuit radiator (20) to cool the common antifreeze liquid in the auxiliary heat dissipation circuit, thereby cooling the auxiliary component; The operation of the refrigeration circuit is carried out through the refrigeration solution circuit and the battery stack heat dissipation circuit, specifically: controlling the operation of the main circuit high-pressure water pump (5), switching to the right circuit by using the electronic three-way proportional valve (11), and controlling the opening of the sixth valve; controlling the operation of the solution pump (13); the high-temperature water discharged from the battery stack passes through the generator (12), causing the water in the lithium bromide solution to absorb heat and evaporate, and the water vapor enters the condenser (16) to release heat and condense to form liquid water; the liquid water is reduced in pressure and throttled by the second throttle valve, enters the passenger compartment evaporator (9) or the battery circuit cooling plate (8), absorbs heat and evaporates, and the water vapor is absorbed by the lithium bromide solution in 14; the solution pump (13) causes the lithium bromide solution in the absorber (14) to enter the generator (12), and the evaporated lithium bromide solution flows out of the generator (12) and enters the absorber (14) through the first throttle valve, and the cycle is repeated.

8. A hydrogen fuel cell vehicle thermal management control method as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The battery temperature is increased and decreased through the battery circuit and the refrigeration circuit, specifically: Battery heating: Control the operation of the main circuit high-pressure water pump (5) and the battery circuit water pump (7), use the electronic three-way proportional valve (11) to switch to the right part of the battery circuit, control the first valve and the fifth valve to open, and the second valve to close, and the high-temperature water discharged from the battery stack is exchanged through the battery circuit heating plate (6) to heat the ordinary antifreeze in the battery circuit, thereby heating the battery; Battery cooling: Control the operation of the refrigeration circuit, operate the battery circuit water pump (7), open the third valve, and close the fourth valve; the refrigerator evaporates and absorbs heat in the battery circuit cooling plate (8), cooling the ordinary antifreeze liquid, thereby cooling the battery; The passenger compartment is heated up and cooled down through a refrigerant circuit and a stack heat dissipation circuit, specifically: Heating the passenger compartment: controlling the operation of the main circuit high-pressure water pump (5), using the electronic three-way proportional valve (11) to switch to the right part of the circuit, controlling the first valve to close, and the second valve and the fifth valve to open, so that the high-temperature water discharged from the battery stack passes through the passenger compartment heater core (10) to heat the air flowing into the passenger compartment; Passenger compartment cooling: the refrigeration circuit is controlled to operate, the passenger compartment evaporator (9) is operated, the fourth valve is opened, and the third valve is closed; the passenger compartment evaporator (9) evaporates and absorbs heat, so that the air entering the passenger compartment is cooled.

Images