Sheath and nephroscope

Abstract

The present invention provides a sheath tube and a nephroscope, which relate to the technical field of medical instruments, and include a sheath tube main body, on which a lens channel suitable for lens insertion and an instrument channel suitable for surgical instrument insertion are provided; a light providing structure is arranged on the sheath tube main body to provide light for imaging of the lens inserted into the lens channel; at least a portion of the sheath tube main body located on the distal side of the light providing structure is made of a light-guiding material, which solves the technical problem in the prior art that the cross-section of the tube body of the sheath tube is large, thereby increasing the wound area of ​​the human body, and achieves the technical effect of reducing the cross-sectional size of the tube body of the sheath tube while keeping the instrument channel and the lens channel unchanged, thereby reducing the wound area that needs to be opened in the human body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a sheath tube and a nephroscope. Background Art

[0002] Percutaneous nephrolithotomy is a procedure that involves creating a channel from the skin to the kidneys at the waist, inserting a nephroscope into the kidneys, and using laser, ultrasound and other lithotripsy tools to break up and remove kidney stones. This is the so-called "punch lithotripsy." The English abbreviation is PCNL. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy is a modern minimally invasive technique for the treatment of kidney stones.

[0003] The prior art nephroscope includes a sheath tube and a lens, wherein the sheath tube has a working channel and a lens channel. In order to provide light for the imaging of the lens in the lens channel, the prior art nephroscope basically adopts an optical fiber light guide method, that is, a light guide channel extending in the same direction as the lens channel is designed in the sheath tube, and a light guide structure, such as an optical fiber, is inserted into the light guide channel. The optical fiber in the light guide channel emits light to provide illumination for the lens imaging. Therefore, the prior art sheath tube needs to process an additional light guide channel or increase the cross-sectional size of the lens channel in order to insert an additional light guide structure. Such a structure increases the processing cost on the one hand, and on the other hand, under the premise that the cross-sectional size of the sheath tube remains unchanged, the setting of the light guide channel will compress the space for the setting of the working channel in the sheath tube. It is not conducive to the operation of the operator; and under the premise of ensuring that the cross-sectional size of the working channel remains unchanged, the overall cross-sectional size of the sheath tube will be larger, increasing the wound area of ​​the human body.

[0004] In addition, the existing nephroscope has an integrated sheath and lens structure, which is expensive, costing tens of thousands or hundreds of thousands of yuan, and often needs to be reused. During use, the lens extends from the lens channel close to the lesion and is easily contaminated. When used again, it needs to be disinfected, which may lead to cross-infection of patients due to inadequate disinfection. At the same time, since the use of ultrasonic equipment will affect the lens, especially the optical lens group, the use of ultrasound can easily cause damage to the lens group, rendering the entire nephroscope unusable, which is very costly. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a sheath tube and a nephroscope with a simple structure, which can minimize the overall size of the tube body of the sheath tube under the premise that the cross-sectional sizes of the lens channel and the instrument channel remain unchanged, or can increase the proportion of the cross-sectional size of the tube body of the sheath tube to the cross-sectional size of the tube body of the sheath tube, under the premise that the cross-sectional size of the tube body of the sheath tube remains unchanged, so as to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the overall size of the tube body of the sheath tube is large or the proportion of the cross-sectional size of the instrument channel to the cross-sectional size of the tube body of the sheath tube is small.

[0006] The present invention provides a sheath tube, comprising:

[0007] A sheath body, on which a lens channel extending from the proximal end to the distal end of the sheath body is provided, suitable for inserting a lens, and an instrument channel suitable for inserting a surgical instrument;

[0008] A light providing structure, disposed on the sheath tube body, for providing light for imaging of the lens inserted into the lens channel;

[0009] At least a portion of the sheath tube body is made of a light-guiding material, and the portion extends from the position of the sheath tube body where the light-providing structure is arranged to the distal end of the sheath tube body.

[0010] Furthermore, the distal end of the lens channel is sealed, and the sealing portion is made of light-guiding material.

[0011] Furthermore, a light shielding layer is provided on the outer surface of the portion of the sheath tube body made of light-guiding material.

[0012] Furthermore, the light providing structure includes a self-luminous structure that can emit light after being powered on, and / or a light guiding structure that can transmit light from an external luminous structure to the sheath tube body.

[0013] Furthermore, the sheath tube body is provided with a light source interface, and the light source interface is provided with an optical fiber cavity for accommodating the light guiding structure, and the light guiding structure includes an optical fiber bundle extending in the optical fiber cavity.

[0014] Furthermore, the self-luminous structure includes a light source arranged at the proximal end of the sheath body, the light source is powered by a built-in power supply or an external power supply, and the light source has a channel, which is connected to the proximal end of the instrument channel and is suitable for the surgical instrument to pass through.

[0015] Further, the instrument channel extends along the axial direction of the sheath body;

[0016] and / or

[0017] A self-sealing structure is provided at the proximal port of the instrument channel, and the self-sealing structure is used to seal the surgical instrument passing through the self-sealing structure.

[0018] Furthermore, the end surface of the distal end of the sheath body is an arc surface, and an end of the arc surface away from the side where the lens channel is located is higher than an end of the arc surface close to the side where the lens channel is located.

[0019] The sheath tube body comprises a gripping portion, and a tube body portion connected to the distal end of the gripping portion and suitable for being inserted into a human body or an animal, wherein the cross section of the tube body portion is smaller than the cross section of the gripping portion, and the lens channel and the instrument channel both extend from the gripping portion to the tube body portion, wherein:

[0020] The grip portion is provided with a water channel communicating with the instrument channel, the water channel being used to communicate with a cleaning liquid supply source, and the cleaning liquid is introduced into the instrument channel through the water channel to clean the lesion;

[0021] and / or

[0022] The gripping portion is provided with a lens connecting tube which is in communication with the lens channel, and an axis of the lens connecting tube is arranged at an obtuse angle to an axis of the tube body.

[0023] A nephroscope of the present invention has the sheath tube as described above.

[0024] The sheath provided by the present invention has at least a portion of the sheath body made of light-guiding material, and the portion extends from the position of the sheath body where the light-providing structure is set to the distal end of the sheath body. Therefore, the portion of the sheath body made of light-guiding material can transmit the light provided by the light-providing structure to the distal end of the sheath body (the end in the biological body cavity), and emit it from the distal end of the sheath body to provide lighting for the electronic lens. In this way, the tube body of the sheath body does not need to be further provided with a light-guiding channel extending in the same direction as the lens channel for the insertion of the optical fiber to provide lighting. The structure is simplified and easier to manufacture. More importantly, on the premise that the cross-sectional size of the tube body remains unchanged, the proportion of the cross-sectional size of the instrument channel in the cross-sectional size of the tube body can be increased to facilitate the operation of surgical instruments. It is also possible to further minimize the overall size of the tube body as needed on the premise that the cross-sectional sizes of the instrument channel and the lens channel remain unchanged. Therefore, the tube diameter of the tube body of the sheath provided by the present invention can be made very small and can even be inserted into a urinary catheter.

[0025] In addition, the distal end of the lens channel is sealed, and the sealing part is made of light-guiding material. The lens is in the lens channel to prevent the lens from being contaminated during operation. At the same time, since the lens is separated from the sheath, when the lens is used again, only the sheath needs to be replaced. This can prevent cross-infection of patients due to inadequate disinfection, and can also prevent the lens from being damaged due to repeated use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a sheath tube provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle A;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of

[0030] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a sheath tube provided in a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of

[0032] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0033] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of one end of the sheath tube where the curved surface is located provided in the third embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 for Figure 7 sectional view of .

[0035] Icons: 1-lens channel; 2-instrument channel; 3-lens connecting tube; 4-grip part; 5-tube body; 6-self-sealing structure; 7-light source interface; 8-optical fiber bundle; 9-lamp holder; 10-channel; 11-light source connecting wire; 12-arc surface; 13-ring LED; 14-water channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] The "distal end" mentioned in the present invention refers to the end of the sheath tube close to the lesion during use, and the "proximal end" refers to the end of the sheath tube close to the surgical operator during use.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a sheath tube provided in this embodiment 1 includes:

[0040] A sheath body, on which a lens channel 1 extending from the proximal end to the distal end of the sheath body is provided, suitable for inserting a lens, and an instrument channel 2 suitable for inserting a surgical instrument;

[0041] A light providing structure is arranged on the sheath body and provides light for imaging of the lens inserted into the lens channel 1;

[0042] At least a portion of the sheath body is made of light-guiding material, and the portion extends from the position of the sheath body where the light-providing structure is arranged to the distal end of the sheath body.

[0043] Preferably, the sheath body includes a gripping portion 4, and a tube body 5 connected to the distal end of the gripping portion 4 and suitable for being inserted into a human body or an animal. The cross-section of the tube body 5 is smaller than the cross-section of the gripping portion 4, and the lens channel 1 and the instrument channel 2 both extend from the gripping portion 4 to the tube body 5. The gripping portion 4 has a larger cross-section, which is convenient for an operator to hold, and the tube body 5 has a smaller cross-section, so that a smaller incision or channel area needs to be opened on the human or animal body, thereby reducing the pain caused by the operation to the human or animal body.

[0044] Since at least a portion of the sheath body is made of light-guiding material, and this portion extends from the position of the sheath body where the light-providing structure is set to the distal end of the sheath body, the portion of the sheath body made of light-guiding material can transmit the light provided by the light-providing structure to the distal end of the sheath body, and emit it from the distal end of the sheath body to provide illumination for the electronic lens. In this way, the tube body 5 of the sheath body does not need to be further provided with a light-guiding channel extending in the same direction as the lens channel for the insertion of the optical fiber to provide illumination. The structure is simplified and easier to manufacture. More importantly, on the premise that the cross-sectional size of the tube body 5 remains unchanged, the proportion of the cross-sectional size of the instrument channel 2 in the cross-sectional size of the tube body 5 can be increased to facilitate the operation of surgical instruments. It is also possible to minimize the overall size of the tube body 5 as needed, on the premise that the cross-sectional sizes of the instrument channel 2 and the lens channel 1 remain unchanged. Therefore, the diameter of the tube body of the sheath provided by the present invention can be made very small and can even be inserted into a urinary catheter. Figure 3 As shown, the portion of the sheath body below the light source interface may be made of light-guiding material. Of course, the entire sheath body may be made of light-guiding material, or the entire sheath may be made of light-guiding material. The light-guiding material may preferably be PMMA (organic glass).

[0045] The lens can be an electronic lens (CMOS, CCD, etc., which are known to be used for endoscopy) for capturing images of lesions in the human or animal body. The distal end of the lens channel 1 is sealed, and the sealing part is a light-guiding material. The lens is in the lens channel 1 to prevent the lens from being contaminated during operation. At the same time, since the lens is separated from the sheath, when the lens is used again, only the sheath needs to be replaced. This can prevent cross-infection of patients due to inadequate disinfection, and can also prevent the lens from being damaged due to repeated use. The distal end of the lens channel 1 is sealed, and of course the material of the distal seal is also a light-guiding material. Preferably, the distal end of the lens channel 1 is formed as a blind end.

[0046] Preferably, the gripping portion 4 is provided with a water channel 14 communicating with the instrument channel 2, and the water channel 14 is used to communicate with a cleaning liquid supply source, and the cleaning liquid is introduced into the instrument channel 2 through the water channel 14 to clean the lesion;

[0047] Preferably, the grip portion 4 is provided with a lens connecting tube 3 connected to the lens channel 1, and the axis of the lens connecting tube 3 is set at an obtuse angle to the axis of the tube body 5. The lens channel 1 is set in parallel with the instrument channel 2, and the lens channel 1 only has an arc transition at the junction with the lens connecting tube 3, which can protect the lens and prevent the lens from being damaged.

[0048] Furthermore, the outer surface of the portion of the sheath body made of the light-guiding material is provided with a light-shielding layer. The light-shielding layer can prevent light loss, and the light-shielding layer can be a reflective coating.

[0049] The light providing structure is a light guiding structure capable of transmitting light from an external light emitting structure to the sheath tube body.

[0050] In the specific configuration, the grip portion 4 is provided with a light source interface 7, and the light source interface 7 is provided with an optical fiber cavity for accommodating a light guide structure, and the light guide structure includes an optical fiber bundle 8 extending in the optical fiber cavity. The light of the light source arranged outside the sheath is transmitted to the part of the sheath body made of the light guide material through the optical fiber bundle 8, and finally emitted from the far end of the tube body 5 to provide illumination for the electronic lens.

[0051] Preferably, the light guide structure and the light source interface 7 are arranged at one end of the grip portion 4 close to the tube body 5, so that the light transmission loss is small. Of course, as an alternative embodiment, it can also be arranged at other positions, such as the light source interface 7 is arranged at the proximal end of the grip portion 4 (i.e. Figure 3 The light-guiding structure may be any other light-guiding material in addition to the optical fiber bundle 8.

[0052] The instrument channel 2 extends along the axial direction of the sheath body; this makes it easy for surgical instruments to pass through the instrument channel 2.

[0053] A self-sealing structure 6 is provided at the proximal end of the instrument channel 2, and the self-sealing structure 6 is used to seal the surgical instrument passing through the self-sealing structure 6. The self-sealing structure 6 can automatically form a seal after the surgical instrument passes through, thereby preventing the instrument channel 2 from being connected to the external air and preventing contamination. The self-sealing structure 6 is preferably a self-sealing rubber ring.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] like Figure 4-6As shown, the difference between this embodiment 2 and embodiment 1 lies in the light providing structure. In this embodiment 2, the light providing structure is a self-luminous structure arranged on the grip portion 4, and the self-luminous structure can emit light to the sheath tube body after being powered on. At this time, the entire sheath tube body is made of light-guiding material, and the light of the self-luminous structure is transmitted to the distal end of the tube body 5.

[0056] Specifically, the self-luminous structure includes a light source disposed at the proximal end of the grip portion 4, and a light source connection line 11 connected to the light source. The light source can be powered by a built-in power source or an external power source. The light source has a channel 10, which is connected to the proximal end of the instrument channel 2 and is suitable for surgical instruments to pass through. The light source connection line 11 is electrically connected to the power source to provide power to the light source.

[0057] Preferably, the light source is detachably mounted on the proximal end of the sheath body, such as by means of a thread, so that after the sheath is used once and discarded, the light source can be disassembled and reinstalled on an unused sheath for use, which can save costs and avoid waste.

[0058] like Figure 5 As shown, the light source includes a lamp holder 9 connected to the proximal end of the grip 4, and an annular LED 13 disposed on the lamp holder 9 and between the lamp holder 9 and the proximal end of the grip 4. The lamp holder 9 has a through hole, which is connected to the central hole of the annular LED 13 to form a channel 10. The through hole is preferably formed to be wide at the distal end and narrow at the proximal end (i.e. Figure 5 The structure of the upper wide and lower narrow structure shown in the figure is convenient for inserting surgical instruments. The light source connecting line 11 is connected to the lamp holder 9. Preferably, the lamp holder 9 can be detachably mounted on the proximal end of the gripping portion 4. In specific implementation, an external thread can be provided at the end of the proximal end of the gripping portion 4, and an internal thread can be provided on the inner wall of the lamp holder 9, and the detachable connection between the two can be achieved through a threaded connection. Of course, as a replaceable embodiment, the annular LED 13 can also be arranged in a structure surrounded by a plurality of LED lamp beads. Of course, OLED can also be used to replace LED.

[0059] In other embodiments, the self-luminous structure and the light-guiding structure may be provided on the grip portion 4 at the same time.

[0060] Example 3

[0061] like Figure 7-8 As shown, the difference between this embodiment 3 and embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 is that: the end face of the distal end of the tube body 5 is an arc surface, and the end of the arc surface 12 away from the lens channel 1 is higher than the end of the arc surface 12 close to the lens channel 1; the setting of the arc surface can prevent scratches on the human body or animal body when the tube body 5 is inserted into the human body or animal body.

[0062] Preferably, a coating that evenly scatters light is provided on the curved surface 12. The coating on the curved surface 12 allows the light to be more evenly scattered, thereby increasing the irradiation area at the distal end of the tube body 5 and ensuring that the lens has a good imaging effect and a better observation field.

[0063] A nephroscope of the present invention has the above sheath.

[0064] Operation process: a channel extending to the lesion is opened on the human or animal body, the tube body 5 of the sheath is extended into the lesion through the channel, the lens is inserted into the lens channel 1 of the tube body 5 from the lens connecting tube 3, the light source is turned on, and the light is transmitted from the light providing structure to the distal end of the sheath through the part of the sheath made of light-guiding material, and the surgical instrument passes through the self-sealing structure 6 into the instrument channel 2, and passes out from the distal end of the instrument channel 2 to operate on the lesion, such as the ultrasonic probe passes through the self-sealing structure 6 and the instrument channel 2 to perform lithotripsy. After lithotripsy, cleaning fluid is provided to the instrument channel 2 through the water channel 14, and the cleaning fluid flows out from the distal end of the instrument channel 2 to achieve cleaning of the lesion. The cleaning fluid and gravel at the lesion can be sucked out through the negative pressure adsorption pipeline.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sheath tube, characterized in that: include: A sheath body, on which is provided a lens channel (1) extending from the proximal end to the distal end of the sheath body and suitable for inserting a lens, and an instrument channel (2) suitable for inserting a surgical instrument; A light providing structure, arranged on the sheath tube body, for providing light for imaging of a lens inserted into the lens channel (1); The light providing structure includes a self-luminous structure capable of emitting light after being powered on, and the self-luminous structure includes a light source disposed at the proximal end of the sheath body; The sheath tube body comprises a gripping portion (4), the light source comprises a lamp holder (9) connected to the proximal end of the gripping portion (4), and an annular LED (13) arranged on the lamp holder (9) and located between the lamp holder (9) and the proximal end of the gripping portion (4), the lamp holder (9) having a through hole, the through hole being connected to the central hole of the annular LED (13) to form a channel (10), the channel (10) being connected to the proximal end of the instrument channel (2), the through hole being formed into a structure with a wide distal end and a narrow proximal end, and the lamp holder (9) being detachably mounted on the proximal end of the gripping portion (4); The entire sheath tube body is made of light-guiding material.

2. The sheath tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The far end of the lens channel (1) is sealed, and the sealing portion is made of light-guiding material.

3. The sheath tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the portion of the sheath tube body made of the light-guiding material is provided with a light-shielding layer.

4. The sheath tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light source is powered by a built-in power source or an external power source.

5. The sheath according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The instrument channel (2) extends along the axial direction of the sheath tube body; and / or A self-sealing structure (6) is provided at the proximal end port of the instrument channel (2), and the self-sealing structure (6) is used to seal the surgical instrument passing through the self-sealing structure (6).

6. The sheath according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The end surface of the distal end of the sheath tube body is an arc surface, and the end of the arc surface (12) away from the lens channel (1) is higher than the end of the arc surface (12) close to the lens channel (1).

7. The sheath according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The sheath tube body comprises a tube body (5) connected to the distal end of the gripping portion (4) and suitable for being inserted into a human body or an animal, the cross section of the tube body (5) being smaller than the cross section of the gripping portion (4), and the lens channel (1) and the instrument channel (2) both extending from the gripping portion (4) to the tube body (5), wherein: The gripping portion (4) is provided with a water channel (14) communicating with the instrument channel (2), and the water channel (14) is used to communicate with a cleaning liquid supply source, and the cleaning liquid is introduced into the instrument channel (2) through the water channel (14) to clean the lesion; and / or The gripping portion (4) is provided with a lens connecting tube (3) which is in communication with the lens channel (1), and the axis of the lens connecting tube (3) is arranged at an obtuse angle to the axis of the tube body (5).

8. A nephroscope, characterized in that: A sheath tube according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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