Flexible cable, vibration device comprising same and display device comprising the device

Abstract

Flexible cable, vibration device including the same, and display apparatus including the same. The flexible cable can include a base member including a terminal portion, a conductor layer including a plurality of conductive lines disposed on the base member, and a protective layer disposed on the base member to cover the conductor layer and expose a portion of each of the plurality of conductive lines at the terminal portion. A length of each of the plurality of conductive lines can be longer than a length of the base member. The vibration device can include a vibration structure including a vibration layer, a first electrode layer disposed on a first surface of the vibration layer, and a second electrode layer disposed on a second surface of the vibration layer, and a flexible cable electrically connected to each of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer of the vibration structure.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a flexible cable, a vibration device including the same, and a display apparatus including the same. BACKGROUND

[0002] Recently, a demand for light-weight and thin electronic devices is increasing. Also, since a speaker applied to an electronic device or the like needs to be light and thin, a piezoelectric element capable of realizing a thin thickness rather than a voice coil has attracted more attention.

[0003] A speaker or a vibration device to which a piezoelectric element is applied can be driven or vibrated by a driving power or a driving signal provided through a signal cable.

[0004] A general vibration device (or a membrane actuator) includes a membrane including a pad electrode and a wire for applying a driving power to a piezoelectric element. The general vibration device needs a process of patterning the wire and the pad electrode on the membrane and a soldering process of electrically connecting the pad electrode to a signal cable. SUMMARY

[0005] The inventors have conducted various experiments to realize a vibration device so that a structure of the vibration device and a process of manufacturing the vibration device can be simplified. For example, the inventors have recognized that, in order to simplify the structure of the vibration device and the process of manufacturing the vibration device, it is necessary to remove the membrane including the wire and the pad electrode and omit the soldering process. Accordingly, the inventors have invented a flexible cable having a new structure, a vibration device including the same, and a display apparatus including the same, which can simplify the structure of the vibration device and the process of manufacturing the vibration device.

[0006] Accordingly, embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a flexible cable, a vibration device including the same, and a display apparatus including the same, which substantially obviate one or more problems due to limitations and disadvantages of the related art.

[0007] An aspect of the present disclosure provides a flexible cable, a vibration device including the same, and a display apparatus including the same, which can simplify a structure of the vibration device and a process of manufacturing the vibration device.

[0008] Additional advantages and features of the disclosure will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or can be learned from practice of the disclosure. The objectives and other advantages of the disclosure can be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.

[0009] To achieve these and other aspects of the embodied and broadly described inventive concepts, a flexible cable can include a base member including a terminal portion, a conductor layer including a plurality of conductive wires disposed on the base member, and a protective layer disposed on the base member to cover at least a portion of the conductor layer and configured to expose a portion of each of the plurality of conductive wires at the terminal portion, a length of each of the plurality of conductive wires can be longer than a length of the base member.

[0010] In another aspect, a vibration device can include a vibration structure including a vibration layer, a first electrode layer disposed on a first surface of the vibration layer, and a second electrode layer disposed on a second surface of the vibration layer opposite the first surface, and a flexible cable electrically connected to the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer of the vibration structure.

[0011] In another aspect, a vibration device can include a vibration structure including a vibration layer, a first electrode layer disposed on a first surface of the vibration layer, and a second electrode layer disposed on a second surface of the vibration layer opposite the first surface, a first protective member on the first surface of the vibration structure, a second protective member on the second surface of the vibration structure, and a flexible cable including at least one first finger wire arranged between the first electrode layer and the first protective member of the vibration structure and at least one second finger wire arranged between the second electrode layer and the second protective member of the vibration structure.

[0012] In another aspect, a display device can include a display panel configured to display an image, and a vibration device on a rear surface of the display panel to vibrate the display panel, the vibration device can include a vibration structure including a vibration layer, a first electrode layer disposed on a first surface of the vibration layer, and a second electrode layer disposed on a second surface of the vibration layer opposite the first surface, and a flexible cable electrically connected to the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer of the vibration structure.

[0013] In another aspect, a display device can include a display panel configured to display an image, and a vibration device on a rear surface of the display panel to vibrate the display panel, the vibration device can include a vibration structure including a vibration layer, a first electrode layer disposed on a first surface of the vibration layer, and a second electrode layer disposed on a second surface of the vibration layer opposite the first surface, a first protection member on the first surface of the vibration structure, a second protection member on the second surface of the vibration structure, and a flexible cable including at least one first finger wire arranged between the first electrode layer of the vibration structure and the first protection member, and at least one second finger wire arranged between the second electrode layer of the vibration structure and the second protection member.

[0014] According to the disclosure, a flexible cable, a vibration device including the same, and a display device including the same can be provided to increase a design freedom of a terminal position of a driver.

[0015] According to the disclosure, a vibration device integrated with a cable and a display device including the same can be provided.

[0016] According to the disclosure, a display device can be provided which outputs sound based on vibration of a display panel based on vibration of a vibration device in a forward direction of the display panel.

[0017] According to the disclosure, a display device can be provided which outputs stereo sound in a forward direction of a display panel based on area-based vibration of the display panel based on vibration of each of a plurality of vibration devices.

[0018] Other systems, methods, features and advantages will be or will become apparent to one with skill in the art upon examination of the following drawings and detailed description. It is intended that all such additional systems, methods, features and advantages be included within this description, be within the scope of the disclosure, and be protected by the following claims. Nothing in this section should be taken as a limitation on the claims. Additional aspects and advantages are discussed infra in conjunction with the embodiments of the disclosure.

[0019] It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description of the disclosure are exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure as claimed.

[0020] Paragraph 1. A flexible cable, comprising:

[0021] a base member including a terminal portion;

[0022] a conductor layer including a plurality of conductive wires disposed on the base member; and

[0023] a protective layer disposed on the base member to cover at least a portion of the conductor layer and configured to expose a portion of each of the plurality of conductive wires at the terminal portion,

[0024] wherein a length of each of the plurality of conductive wires is longer than a length of the base member.

[0025] Paragraph 2. The flexible cable according to Paragraph 1, wherein each of the plurality of conductive wires passes through a side surface of the base member and protrudes to the outside.

[0026] Paragraph 3. The flexible cable according to Paragraph 2, wherein a protruding length of each of the plurality of conductive wires is longer than a length of the terminal portion.

[0027] Paragraph 4. The flexible cable according to Paragraph 1, wherein each of the plurality of conductive wires includes:

[0028] a first wire on the base member; and

[0029] a second wire extending to the outside from a side surface of the base member.

[0030] Paragraph 5. The flexible cable according to Paragraph 4, further comprising a support disposed on the second wire of each of the plurality of conductive wires,

[0031] wherein the support at least partially surrounds one portion of the second wire.

[0032] Paragraph 6. The flexible cable according to Paragraph 4,

[0033] wherein the second wire of each of the plurality of conductive wires includes a plurality of tapes spaced apart from each other.

[0034] Paragraph 7. The flexible cable according to Paragraph 6, further comprising a support disposed on the second wire of each of the plurality of conductive wires, wherein the supports on at least one second wire at least partially collectively surround the plurality of tapes of the second wire.

[0035] Paragraph 8. The flexible cable according to Paragraph 5 or 7, wherein the support includes a lower support supporting a lower portion of the second wire and an upper support covering an upper portion of the second wire.

[0036] Paragraph 9. The flexible cable according to Paragraph 4, further comprising:

[0037] a first wire support portion supporting some of the second wires of the plurality of conductive wires,

[0038] The first wire support portion extends from the base member and supports rear surfaces of the some of the second wires.

[0039] Note 10. The flexible cable according to Note 4, further comprising a second wire support portion that supports other second wires of the second wires among the plurality of conductive wires,

[0040] The second wire support portion surrounds front surfaces and side surfaces of the other second wires.

[0041] Note 11. The flexible cable according to Note 1, wherein the plurality of conductive wires include:

[0042] a first wire that is located on the base member in parallel with a first direction;

[0043] a second wire that extends from the first wire to an outside of the base member in the first direction; and

[0044] a third wire that protrudes from the second wire in parallel with a second direction that intersects the first direction.

[0045] Note 12. A vibration device comprising:

[0046] a vibration structure including a vibration layer, a first electrode layer provided on a first surface of the vibration layer, and a second electrode layer provided on a second surface of the vibration layer opposite to the first surface; and

[0047] a flexible cable electrically connected to the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer of the vibration structure.

[0048] Note 13. The vibration device according to Note 12, wherein the flexible cable includes a plurality of conductive wires, and

[0049] wherein some of the plurality of conductive wires are electrically connected to the first electrode layer of the vibration structure, and other of the plurality of conductive wires are electrically connected to the second electrode layer of the vibration structure.

[0050] Note 14. The vibration device according to Note 13,

[0051] wherein the flexible cable further includes a main body portion including a terminal portion, and the plurality of conductive wires form a finger and protrude from the main body portion.

[0052] Note 15. The vibration device according to Note 12,

[0053] wherein the flexible cable includes:

[0054] a main body part including a terminal part; and

[0055] a plurality of finger lines protruding from the main body part, and

[0056] wherein some of the plurality of finger lines are electrically connected to the first electrode layer of the vibration structure, and other of the plurality of finger lines are electrically connected to the second electrode layer of the vibration structure.

[0057] Paragraph 16. The vibration device of Paragraph 15, wherein a protruding length of each of the plurality of finger lines is longer than a length of the terminal part.

[0058] Paragraph 17. The vibration device of Paragraph 12,

[0059] wherein the flexible cable includes:

[0060] a base member including a terminal part;

[0061] a conductor layer including a plurality of conductive lines disposed on the base member to pass through a side surface of the base member and extend to the outside; and

[0062] a protective layer disposed on the base member to cover at least a portion of the conductor layer and expose a portion of each of the plurality of conductive lines at the terminal part, and

[0063] wherein some of the plurality of conductive lines are electrically connected to the first electrode layer of the vibration structure, and other of the plurality of conductive lines are electrically connected to the second electrode layer of the vibration structure.

[0064] Paragraph 18. The vibration device of Paragraph 17, wherein an extending length of each of the plurality of conductive lines is longer than a length of the terminal part.

[0065] Paragraph 19. The vibration device of Paragraph 17,

[0066] wherein at least one of the plurality of conductive lines includes:

[0067] a first line disposed on the base member in parallel with a first direction; and

[0068] a second line extending from the first line to the outside of the side surface of the base member in the first direction,

[0069] wherein some of the second wires of each of the plurality of conductive wires are electrically connected to the first electrode layer of the vibrating structure, and other of the second wires of each of the plurality of conductive wires are electrically connected to the second electrode layer of the vibrating structure.

[0070] Clause 20. The vibrating device of Clause 19,

[0071] wherein the flexible cable further includes a support on the second wires of each of the plurality of conductive wires, and

[0072] wherein the support at least partially surrounds one portion of the second wire.

[0073] Clause 21. The vibrating device of Clause 19,

[0074] wherein the second wires of each of the plurality of conductive wires include a plurality of straps spaced apart from each other.

[0075] Clause 22. The vibrating device of Clause 21, wherein the flexible cable further includes a support disposed on the second wires of each of the plurality of conductive wires,

[0076] wherein the support on each second wire at least partially collectively surrounds the plurality of straps on that second wire.

[0077] Clause 23. The vibrating device of Clause 22, the support including a lower support supporting a lower portion of the second wire and an upper support covering an upper portion of the second wire.

[0078] Clause 24. The vibrating device of Clause 19, wherein the flexible cable further includes:

[0079] a first wire support portion supporting some of the second wires of each of the plurality of conductive wires,

[0080] wherein the first wire support portion extends from the base member and supports a back surface of the some of the second wires.

[0081] Clause 25. The vibrating device of Clause 19, wherein the flexible cable further includes a second wire support portion supporting other of the second wires of each of the plurality of conductive wires,

[0082] wherein the second wire support portion surrounds one or more of a front surface and a side surface of the other of the second wires.

[0083] Clause 26. The vibrating device of Clause 19,

[0084] wherein at least one of the plurality of conductive lines further includes at least one third line protruding from the second line in parallel with a second direction intersecting the first direction,

[0085] wherein at least one third line protruding from some of the second lines of the plurality of conductive lines is electrically connected to the first electrode layer of the vibration structure, and

[0086] at least one third line protruding from other of the second lines of the plurality of conductive lines is electrically connected to the second electrode layer of the vibration structure.

[0087] Clause 27. The vibration device of Clause 12,

[0088] wherein the vibration structure includes a plurality of vibration modules spaced apart from each other in a first direction and / or a second direction intersecting the first direction,

[0089] wherein each of the plurality of vibration modules includes the vibration layer, the first electrode layer, and the second electrode layer, and

[0090] wherein the flexible cable is electrically connected to the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer of each of the plurality of vibration modules.

[0091] Clause 28. The vibration device of Clause 27,

[0092] wherein the flexible cable includes:

[0093] a main body portion including a terminal portion; and

[0094] a plurality of finger lines protruding from the main body portion,

[0095] wherein some of the plurality of finger lines are electrically connected to the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer of each of some of the plurality of vibration modules, and

[0096] wherein other of the plurality of finger lines are electrically connected to the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer of each of other of the plurality of vibration modules.

[0097] Clause 29. The vibration device of Clause 12,

[0098] wherein the vibration structure includes:

[0099] a first vibration module and a second vibration module spaced apart from each other in a first direction; and

[0100] a third vibration module and a fourth vibration module, the third vibration module and the fourth vibration module being spaced apart from each other in the first direction and being spaced apart from each of the first vibration module and the second vibration module in a second direction that intersects the first direction,

[0101] wherein each of the first vibration module to the fourth vibration module includes the vibration layer, the first electrode layer, and the second electrode layer, and

[0102] wherein the flexible cable is electrically connected to the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer of each of the first vibration module to the fourth vibration module.

[0103] Paragraph 30. The vibration device according to Paragraph 29, wherein the first vibration module and the second vibration module are disposed to have a separation distance of 0.1 mm or more and less than 3 cm.

[0104] Paragraph 31. The vibration device according to Paragraph 29, wherein the first vibration module and the second vibration module are disposed to have a separation distance of 0.1 mm or more and less than 5 mm.

[0105] Paragraph 32. The vibration device according to Paragraph 29, wherein the flexible cable includes:

[0106] a first finger line disposed in the second direction and electrically connected to the first electrode layer of each of the first vibration module and the third vibration module;

[0107] a second finger line disposed in the second direction and electrically connected to the second electrode layer of each of the first vibration module and the third vibration module;

[0108] a first line portion extending from each of the first finger line and the second finger line in the first direction, the first line portion being electrically connected to the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer of each of the first vibration module and the second vibration module; and

[0109] a second line portion extending from each of the first finger line and the second finger line in the first direction, the second line portion being electrically connected to the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer of each of the third vibration module and the fourth vibration module.

[0110] Paragraph 33. A vibration device, comprising:

[0111] a vibration structure including a vibration layer, a first electrode layer disposed on a first surface of the vibration layer, and a second electrode layer disposed on a second surface of the vibration layer opposite the first surface;

[0112] a first protective member on a first surface of the vibration structure;

[0113] a second protective member on a second surface of the vibration structure; and

[0114] a flexible cable including at least one first finger line disposed between the first electrode layer and the first protective member of the vibration structure, and at least one second finger line disposed between the second electrode layer and the second protective member of the vibration structure.

[0115] Paragraph 34. The vibration device of Paragraph 33,

[0116] wherein the flexible cable further includes a main body portion including a terminal portion, and

[0117] wherein each of the at least one first finger line and the at least one second finger line protrudes from the main body portion to have a length longer than a length of the terminal portion.

[0118] Paragraph 35. The vibration device of Paragraph 33, further comprising:

[0119] a first adhesive layer disposed between the first electrode layer and the first protective member of the vibration structure to cover the at least one first finger line; and

[0120] a second adhesive layer disposed between the second electrode layer and the second protective member of the vibration structure to cover the at least one second finger line.

[0121] Paragraph 36. The vibration device of Paragraph 33, wherein one or more of the first protective member and the second protective member includes a metallic material.

[0122] Paragraph 37. The vibration device of any one of Paragraphs 12 to 36, wherein the vibration layer includes:

[0123] a plurality of inorganic material portions having piezoelectric properties; and

[0124] an organic material portion between the plurality of inorganic material portions.

[0125] Paragraph 38. The vibration device of any one of Paragraphs 12 to 36, wherein the vibration layer has a piezoelectric strain coefficient of 1000 pC / N or more in a thickness direction, or includes a formula “(PbA-B C B )((Mg 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 ) a (Ni 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 ) b Zr c Ti d )O3”, and

[0126] In the formula, C is one of calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), and barium (Ba), a+b+c+d = 1, 0.02 ≤ B ≤ 0.20, 0.80 ≤ A-B ≤ 0.98, 0.05 ≤ a ≤ 0.25, 0.05 ≤ b ≤ 0.25, 0.10 ≤ c ≤ 0.50, and 0.10 ≤ d ≤ 0.50.

[0127] Note 39. A display device comprising:

[0128] a display panel configured to display an image; and

[0129] a vibration device located on a rear surface of the display panel to vibrate the display panel,

[0130] wherein the vibration device includes the vibration apparatus according to any one of Notes 12 to 36.

[0131] Note 40. The display device according to Note 39, wherein the vibration apparatus is provided to cover a majority of the display panel.

[0132] Note 41. The display device according to Note 39, wherein the vibration layer includes:

[0133] a plurality of inorganic material portions having piezoelectric properties; and

[0134] an organic material portion between the plurality of inorganic material portions.

[0135] Note 42. The display device according to Note 39, wherein the vibration layer has a piezoelectric strain coefficient of 1000 pC / N or more in a thickness direction, or includes a formula “(Pb A-B C B )((Mg 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 ) a (Ni 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 ) b Zr c Ti d )O3”, and

[0136] In the formula, C is one of calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), and barium (Ba), a+b+c+d = 1, 0.02≤B≤0.20, 0.80≤A-B≤0.98, 0.05≤a≤0.25, 0.05≤b≤0.25, 0.10≤c≤0.50, and 0.10≤d≤0.50.

[0137] Note 43. The display device of Note 41, wherein each of the plurality of portions of inorganic material has any of a linear shape, a circular shape, an oval shape, and a polygonal shape.

[0138] Note 44. The display device of Note 39,

[0139] wherein the display panel includes a first region and a second region overlapping with a display region configured to display an image,

[0140] wherein the vibration device includes:

[0141] a first vibration means in the first region; and

[0142] a second vibration means in the second region, and

[0143] wherein each of the first vibration means and the second vibration means includes the vibration means of any one of Notes 12 to 36.

[0144] Note 45. The display device of Note 44, further comprising:

[0145] a support member on a rear surface of the display panel;

[0146] a first housing between the rear surface of the display panel and the support member to surround the first vibration means; and

[0147] a second housing between the rear surface of the display panel and the support member to surround the second vibration means.

[0148] Note 46. The display device of Note 39,

[0149] wherein the display panel includes a first region and a second region overlapping with a display region configured to display an image,

[0150] wherein the vibration device includes:

[0151] a first vibration means in the first region;

[0152] a second vibration means in the second region;

[0153] a third vibration device disposed in the first region alternately with the first vibration device; and

[0154] a fourth vibration device, the fourth vibration device disposed in the second region alternately with the second vibration device, and

[0155] wherein each of the first to fourth vibration devices includes the vibration device according to any one of appendices 12 to 36.

[0156] Appendix 47. The display device according to Appendix 46, further comprising:

[0157] a support member on a rear surface of the display panel;

[0158] a first housing between the rear surface of the display panel and the support member to surround the first and third vibration devices; and

[0159] a second housing between the rear surface of the display panel and the support member to surround the second and fourth vibration devices.

[0160] Appendix 48. The display device according to Appendix 46, wherein the first to fourth vibration devices include different vibration layers.

[0161] Appendix 49. The display device according to Appendix 46, wherein the first and third vibration devices are arranged in a diagonal direction of the first region. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0162] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and together with the description serve to explain various principles of the present disclosure.

[0163] FIG. 1 A flexible cable according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0164] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along FIG. 1 the line I-I' shown.

[0165] FIG. 3 An electrical connection structure between the driver and the flexible cable shown is illustrated. FIG. 1

[0166] A flexible cable according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. FIG. 4

[0167] FIG. 5 ​A flexible cable according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0168] FIG. 6 A flexible cable according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0169] FIG. 7 A flexible cable according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0170] FIG. 8 A flexible cable according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. FIG. 7 An electrical connection structure between the driver and the flexible cable shown.

[0171] FIG. 9 A flexible cable according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0172] FIG. 10 A flexible cable according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0173] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II' shown. FIG. 10

[0174] FIG. 12 A flexible cable according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0175] FIG. 13 A flexible cable according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0176] FIG. 14 A flexible cable according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. FIG. 13 A connection structure between the driver and the flexible cable shown.

[0177] FIG. 15 A vibration device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0178] FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III' shown. FIG. 15

[0179] FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV' shown. FIG. 15

[0180] A piezoelectric layer of the vibration structure shown. FIG. 18A to FIG. 18G FIG. 15 to FIG. 17 A vibration device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0181] FIG. 19 A vibration device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0182] FIG. 20 ​​​​

[0183] FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line V-V' shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 20

[0184] FIG. 22 A vibration device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0185] FIG. 23 A vibration device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0186] FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI' shown in FIG. 2. FIG. 23

[0187] FIG. 25 A display apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0188] FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VII-VII' shown in FIG. 3. FIG. 25

[0189] FIG. 27 is another cross-sectional view taken along the line VII-VII' shown in FIG. 3. FIG. 25

[0190] A display apparatus according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. FIG. 28

[0191] A display apparatus according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. FIG. 29

[0192] A display apparatus including a vibration device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. FIG. 30A to FIG. 30C Throughout the drawings and detailed description, unless otherwise described, the same drawing reference numbers should be understood to refer to the same elements, features and structures. The relative dimensions of these elements can be exaggerated, described and depicted for clarity, illustration and convenience.

[0193] DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0194] ​​​​Reference will now be made in detail embodiments of the present disclosure, examples of which can be illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the following description, detailed descriptions of known functions or configurations associated with the document are omitted when it is determined that such detailed descriptions would unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present disclosure. The progress of the described processing steps and / or operations is an example; however, the order of the steps and / or operations is not limited to that set forth herein and can be changed as known in the art, except for steps and / or operations that must occur in a particular order. The same reference numbers are always referred to the same elements. The names of the various elements used in the following description are merely selected for the convenience of writing the specification and thus can be different from those used in actual products.

[0195] Advantages and features of the present disclosure and methods of achieving the same will be described in detail through the embodiments which will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure can be implemented in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. Further, the present disclosure is defined only by the scope of the claims.

[0196] The shapes, sizes, ratios, angles, and numbers disclosed in the drawings for describing the embodiments of the present disclosure are merely examples, and thus the present disclosure is not limited to the details shown. The same reference numbers are always referred to the same elements. In the following description, detailed descriptions of known functions or configurations associated with the document will be omitted when it is determined that such detailed descriptions would unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present disclosure.

[0197] When "include", "have", and "comprise" described in the specification are used, another part can be added unless "only" is used. The singular form of the term can include the plural form unless the contrary is mentioned.

[0198] In constructing an element, the element is interpreted to include an error or tolerance range, although no explicit description of such an error or tolerance range is made.

[0199] In describing a positional relationship, for example, when the positional relationship between two parts is described as, for example, "on", "above", "below", and "next to", one or more other parts can be disposed between the two parts, unless a more restrictive term such as "only" or "directly" is used.

[0200] In the description of the embodiments, when one structure is described as being "on" or "above" or "below" another structure, the description is to be interpreted to include the case where the structures contact each other and the case where a third structure is disposed therebetween. The size and thickness of each element shown in the drawings are given only for the convenience of description and the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto, unless otherwise specified.

[0201] In describing a time relationship, for example, when a time sequence is described as, for example, "after", "subsequent to", "following", and "before", a discontinuous case can be included unless a more restrictive term such as "immediately", "immediately after", or "directly" is used.

[0202] It should be understood that, although the terms "first", "second", etc. can be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and, similarly, a second element could be termed a first element without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0203] In describing the elements of the present disclosure, the terms "first", "second", "A", "B", "(a)", "(b)" etc. can be used. These terms are intended to identify corresponding elements from other elements and the basis, order or number of the corresponding elements should not be limited by these terms. With respect to the expression that an element is "connected", "coupled", or "bound" to another element or layer, the element or layer can not only be directly connected or bound to the other element or layer, but also can be indirectly connected or bound to the other element or layer with one or more intervening elements or layers "disposed" or "interposed" between the element or layer, unless otherwise specified.

[0204] The term "at least one" should be understood to include any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. For example, the meaning of "at least one of a first item, a second item, and a third item" indicates all of the possible combinations of two or more of the first item, the second item, and the third item as well as the first item, the second item, or the third item.

[0205] The features of various embodiments of the present disclosure can be partially or wholly coupled or combined with each other and can be differently inter-operated and technically driven, as can be sufficiently understood by those skilled in the art. Embodiments of the present disclosure can be executed independently of each other or can be executed together in a mutually dependent relationship.

[0206] Hereinafter, embodiments of a flexible cable according to the present disclosure, a vibration device including the same, and a display apparatus including the same according to the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In adding reference numerals to elements of each drawing, the same elements are designated by the same reference numerals even though they are illustrated in different drawings. Further, for the ease of description, the ratio of each element illustrated in the drawings is different from the actual ratio, and thus is not limited to the ratio illustrated in the drawings.

[0207] FIG. 1 a flexible cable according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated, FIG. 2is taken along a line I-I' shown. FIG. 1

[0208] Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 The flexible cable according to embodiments of the disclosure can be, for example, a flexible flat cable, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0209] The flexible cable 10 according to embodiments of the disclosure can include a base member 11, a conductor layer 13, and a protective layer 15.

[0210] The base member 11 can include a transparent and / or non-transparent plastic material. For example, the base member 11 can be implemented with one or more synthetic resins including at least one of a fluorine-containing resin, a polyimide resin, a polyurethane resin, a polyester resin, a polyethylene resin, and a polypropylene resin, but embodiments are not limited thereto. The base member 11 can be a base film or a base insulating film.

[0211] The base member 11 according to embodiments of the disclosure can include a terminal portion 11a. The terminal portion 11a can include a plurality of terminals disposed at a peripheral portion of a portion of the base member 11. The plurality of terminals can be arranged at a certain interval or distance. For example, the terminal portion 11a can be an input and / or output terminal portion.

[0212] The conductor layer 13 can be disposed on the base member 11. For example, the conductor layer 13 can include a conductive material including copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), or an alloy material of Cu and Ag, but embodiments are not limited thereto. The conductor layer 13 can be directly disposed on the base member 11

[0213] The conductor layer 13 according to embodiments of the disclosure can include a plurality of conductive lines 13-1 to 13-4. Each of the plurality of conductive lines 13-1 to 13-4 can be patterned from a conductive material layer disposed on the base member 11.

[0214] The plurality of conductive lines 13-1 to 13-4 according to embodiments of the disclosure can be arranged on one surface (or an upper surface) of the base member 11 so as to be spaced apart from each other in a first direction X and parallel to a second direction Y intersecting the first direction X. Each of the plurality of conductive lines 13-1 to 13-4 can extend longer in the second direction Y to have a first width W1 parallel to the first direction X, and can be parallel to each other to have a first interval D1 in the first direction X. The first interval (or first distance) D1 can be adjusted within a minimum range to prevent electrical shorting between the plurality of conductive lines 13-1 to 13-4. For example, the first interval D1 can be the same as or different from the first width W1. For example, the first interval D1 can be adjusted to be 1 mm or more, but embodiments are not limited thereto. Accordingly, the plurality of conductive lines are electrically insulated from each other. ​

[0215] With respect to the second direction Y, the length L1 of each of the plurality of conductive wires 13-1 to 13-4 can be longer than the length L2 of the base member 11. For example, each of the plurality of conductive wires 13-1 to 13-4 can pass through the side surface 11s of the base member 11 and can protrude or extend to the outside, and thus can have a length L1 longer than the length L2 of the base member 11. For example, the protruding length (or the extending length) L3 of each of the plurality of conductive wires 13-1 to 13-4 can be twice or more the length L4 of the terminal portion 11a provided in the base member 11, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0216] Each of the plurality of conductive wires 13-1 to 13-4 according to embodiments of the disclosure can include a first wire 13a, which can also be referred to as a first wire portion 13a, arranged on the base member 11 and a second wire 13b, which can also be referred to as a second wire portion 13b, extending or protruding to the outside from the side surface of the base member 11.

[0217] The second wire 13b of each of the plurality of conductive wires 13-1 to 13-4 can not be fixed (or supported) to the base member 11, and thus can have higher flexibility than the first wire 13a fixed to the base member 11. For example, in the process of manufacturing the flexible cable, the second wire 13b of each of the plurality of conductive wires 13-1 to 13-4 can be supported by the base member 11. Also, when a certain portion of the base member 11 supporting the second wire 13b of each of the plurality of conductive wires 13-1 to 13-4 is removed through a process of removing the film, the second wire 13b can not be fixed to the base member 11 and can protrude or extend from the base member 11. Thus, the second wire 13b of each of the plurality of conductive wires 13-1 to 13-4 can have flexibility. The second wire 13b of each of the plurality of conductive wires 13-1 to 13-4 can be an extension wire, a protrusion wire, or a finger wire, but embodiments are not limited thereto. The first wire 13a can be a fixed wire, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0218] The second wire 13b of each of the plurality of conductive wires 13-1 to 13-4 can be an output terminal portion. For example, the second wire 13b of each of the plurality of conductive wires 13-1 to 13-4 can be electrically connected to an external driver (or a driving device), and can transmit driving power (or a driving signal) provided through the terminal portion 11a of the base member 11 to the driver. For example, the second wire 13b of each of the plurality of conductive wires 13-1 to 13-4 can be electrically connected to a shape deformation member whose shape is deformed based on the driving power.

[0219] The protective layer 15 can be provided on the base member 11 and can cover the conductor layer 13. For example, the protective layer 15 can be provided directly on the plurality of conductive wires 13-1 to 13-4 or the conductor layer 13 provided on the base member 11, and the protective layer 15 can be provided directly on the base member 11 between the conductive wires 13-1 to 13-4 so as to surround the conductive wires 13-1 to 13-4. The protective layer 15 can expose a portion (or one side portion) of each of the plurality of conductive wires 13-1 to 13-4 at the terminal portion 11a. The protective layer 15 can be provided at a portion of the base member 11 other than the terminal portion 11a, and thus can surround a portion other than the one portion 13e of each of the plurality of conductive wires 13-1 to 13-4 provided on the base member 11. For example, the protective layer 15 can surround the first wire 13a of each of the plurality of conductive wires 13-1 to 13-4 provided on the base member 11.

[0220] The protective layer 15 according to the embodiments of the present disclosure can include a plurality of opening portions 15a which respectively overlap with the plurality of terminals provided in the terminal portion 11a of the base member 11. Thus, one portion 13e of each of the plurality of conductive wires 13-1 to 13-4 can be exposed to the outside by each of the plurality of opening portions 15a formed in the protective layer 15, and thus can be implemented as a terminal of the flexible cable.

[0221] The protective layer 15 according to the embodiments of the present disclosure can include a transparent or non-transparent plastic material. For example, the protective layer 15 can be implemented with one or more materials among synthetic resins including a fluorine-containing resin, a polyimide resin, a polyurethane resin, a polyester resin, a polyethylene resin, and a polypropylene resin, but the embodiments are not limited thereto. The protective layer 11 can be a cover layer, a cover film, a cover film, or a cover insulation film, but these terms are not limited thereto.

[0222] The protective layer 15 can be implemented on the base member 11 by any appropriate process known in the art. As one example, the protective layer 15 according to the embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented on the base member 11 by a coating process.

[0223] As another example, the protective layer 15 according to the embodiments of the present disclosure can be coupled or laminated to the base member 11 by a lamination process through an adhesive. Thus, the first wire 13a of each of the plurality of conductive wires 13-1 to 13-4 can be provided between the protective layer 15 and the base member 11, and thus can be surrounded or enclosed by the protective layer 15 and the base member 11. For example, the adhesive can include a polymer resin, but the embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0224] The flexible cable according to the embodiments of the present disclosure can further include a pad portion 13p provided in the terminal portion 11a of the base member 11.

[0225] The pad portion 13p can include a plurality of electrode pads respectively provided at a plurality of terminals of the terminal portion 11a. Each of the plurality of electrode pads can include at least one of gold (Au) and silver (Ag). For example, each of the plurality of electrode pads can be a plating layer.

[0226] The flexible cable according to the embodiment of the disclosure can supply or receive driving power through the terminal portion 11a corresponding to one portion of the first wire 13a of each of the plurality of wires 13-1 to 13-4, and can output the driving power through the second wire 13b of each of the plurality of wires 13-1 to 13-4.

[0227] In the flexible cable according to the embodiment of the disclosure, the plurality of wires 13-1 to 13-4 can be grouped into a plurality of electrode groups.

[0228] According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the plurality of wires 13-1 to 13-4 can be grouped into a first electrode group and a second electrode group. For example, the first electrode group can include some of the plurality of wires 13-1 to 13-4, and the second electrode group can include other wires of the plurality of wires 13-1 to 13-4 except for the some wires included in the first electrode group. For example, when the flexible cable includes first to fourth wires 13-1 to 13-4, the first electrode group can include the first wire 13-1 and the second wire 13-2, and the second electrode group can include the third wire 13-3 and the fourth wire 13-4.

[0229] The wires of the plurality of wires 13-1 to 13-4 included in the first electrode group can receive first driving power through one portion of the first wire 13a, and can output the first driving power through the second wire 13b. The wires of the plurality of wires 13-1 to 13-4 included in the second electrode group can receive second driving power (or a second driving signal) different from the first driving power through one portion of the first wire 13a, and can output the second driving power through the second wire 13b. For example, the first driving power can be one of positive (+) power and negative (-) power, and the second driving power can be the other of the positive (+) power and the negative (-) power.

[0230] In the flexible cable according to the embodiment of the disclosure, the base member 11, the first wire 13a of each of the plurality of wires 13-1 to 13-4, and the protective layer 15 can implement a body portion BP, and the second wire 13b of each of the plurality of wires 13-1 to 13-4 can implement a finger portion FP protruding from the body portion BP.

[0231] The body portion BP can include the base member 11, the first wire 13a of each of the plurality of wires 13-1 to 13-4, and the protective layer 15.

[0232] The finger portion FP can include the second wire 13b of each of the plurality of conductive wires 13-1 to 13-4 protruding from the body portion BP. The length L3 of the finger portion FP can be longer than the length L4 of the terminal portion 11a disposed in the base member 11 and / or the length L2 of the base member 11. The second wire 13b of each of the plurality of conductive wires 13-1 to 13-4 can be a finger wire. Accordingly, the flexible cable according to the embodiment of the disclosure can include the body portion BP including the terminal portion 11a and the plurality of finger wires 13b protruding from the body portion BP.

[0233] The finger portion FP according to the embodiment of the disclosure can include a plurality of finger wire groups including at least one of the second wires 13b of each of the plurality of conductive wires 13-1 to 13-4. According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the finger portion FP can include a first finger wire group and a second finger wire group. The first finger wire group can include some of the second wires 13b of the plurality of conductive wires 13-1 to 13-4, and the second finger wire group can include other second wires 13b included in the second wires 13b of the plurality of conductive wires 13-1 to 13-4, excluding the second wires 13b of the first finger wire group.

[0234] FIG. 3 An electrical connection structure between the driver and the flexible cable is illustrated. FIG. 1 An electrical connection structure between the driver and the flexible cable is illustrated.

[0235] Referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 The flexible cable according to the embodiment of the disclosure can be electrically connected to the driver 1 or the actuator 1 through the second wires 13b of each of the plurality of conductive wires 13-1 to 13-4. Some of the second wires 13b (or a first electrode group) and other second wires 13b (or a second electrode group) of the second wires 13b of the plurality of conductive wires 13-1 to 13-4 can be electrically connected to the driver 1 to have an alternately arranged shape. For example, the driver 1 can be a vibration module, a vibration unit, a vibration device, or a flexible vibration device.

[0236] The driver 1 according to the embodiment of the disclosure can include an upper electrode side or an upper electrode layer (or a first electrode layer) 1a disposed on an upper surface thereof and a lower electrode side or a lower electrode layer (or a second electrode layer) 1b disposed on a lower surface thereof. For example, the upper electrode layer 1a can be configured to be disposed on the upper surface of the driver 1. The lower electrode layer 1b can be configured to be disposed on the lower surface of the driver 1 opposite the first surface.

[0237] According to embodiments of the disclosure, in the flexible cable, some of the second wires 13b among the plurality of wires 13-1 to 13-4 can be bent toward the upper surface of the driver 1 and can be electrically connected to the upper electrode layer 1a of the driver 1. Other of the second wires 13b among the plurality of wires 13-1 to 13-4 can be bent toward the lower surface of the driver 1 and can be electrically connected to the lower electrode layer 1b of the driver 1. For example, the second wires 13b (or a plurality of first finger lines) of each of the first wires 13-1 and the second wires 13-2 among the plurality of wires 13-1 to 13-4 can be electrically connected to the upper electrode layer 1a of the driver 1, and the second wires 13b (or a plurality of second finger lines) of each of the third wires 13-3 and the fourth wires 13-4 among the plurality of wires 13-1 to 13-4 can be electrically connected to the lower electrode layer 1b of the driver 1. Accordingly, the flexible cable includes a plurality of first finger lines and a plurality of second finger lines that can be electrically connected to the driver 1 to have a shape of an alternating arrangement. Accordingly, one subset of the finger lines can be bent downward to be attached to the lower side of the driver, and another subset of the finger lines can be bent upward to be attached to the upper side of the driver.

[0238] Accordingly, the flexible cable according to embodiments of the disclosure can include the second wires 13b (or finger lines) of each of the plurality of wires 13-1 to 13-4 protruding from the base member 11 (or the main body part BP), and thus can be electrically connected to the driver 1 by the second wires 13b having flexibility. Accordingly, the flexible cable according to embodiments of the disclosure can be used as a common cable that can be electrically connected to various drivers having different terminal structures, and the design freedom of the terminal (or electrode pad) position of each driver can be increased.

[0239] FIG. 4 A flexible cable according to another embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated, and an embodiment in which the structure of the wire illustrated in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 is modified is illustrated. Accordingly, hereinafter, repeated descriptions of elements other than the wire will be omitted or will be briefly given. FIG. 2 A cross-section taken along the line I-I' illustrated in FIG. 4 is illustrated.

[0240] In connection with FIG. 2 Referring to FIG. 4 , in the flexible cable according to another embodiment of the disclosure, each of the plurality of wires 13-1 to 13-4 can include a plurality of straps 13s. For example, each of the plurality of wires 13-1 to 13-4 can include two or more straps 13s, but embodiments are not limited thereto. For example, the number of straps 13s can be adjusted within a certain range to minimize or prevent defects caused by wire disconnection. For example, each of the plurality of straps 13s can be a fine electrode wire.

[0241] Each of the plurality of conductive wires 13-1 to 13-4 according to the embodiment of the disclosure can be divided into a plurality of bands 13s. The plurality of bands 13s can be arranged on one surface (or upper surface) of the base member 11 so as to be parallel to the second direction Y and spaced apart from each other in the first direction X, and can extend to the outside of the side surface of the base member 11. For example, each of the plurality of bands 13s can be disposed across the body portion BP and the finger portion FP of the flexible cable.

[0242] According to another embodiment of the disclosure, the second wire 13b of each of the plurality of conductive wires 13-1 to 13-4 can be divided into a plurality of bands 13s. In each of the plurality of conductive wires 13-1 to 13-4, the plurality of bands 13s can extend (or protrude) from the first wire 13a so as to be parallel to the second direction Y and spaced apart from each other in the first direction X, and thus can be finger wires commonly connected to the first wire 13a.

[0243] The spacing or distance between the plurality of bands 13s can be adjusted within a minimum range to prevent electrical shorting between the bands 13s. For example, the spacing between the plurality of bands 13s can be adjusted to 1 mm or more, but the embodiment is not limited thereto.

[0244] Accordingly, the flexible cable according to another embodiment of the disclosure can include the plurality of conductive wires 13-1 to 13-4 having the plurality of bands 13s, and thus defects caused by wire breakage occurring in the process of manufacturing the flexible cable can be minimized or prevented.

[0245] FIG. 5 A flexible cable according to another embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated, and a case in which a support is additionally provided in the flexible cable is illustrated. FIG. 1 Embodiments in which a support is additionally provided in the illustrated flexible cable. Accordingly, hereinafter, repeated descriptions of elements other than the support will be omitted or briefly given.

[0246] Referring to FIG. 5 The flexible cable according to another embodiment of the disclosure can further include a support 17 provided on the second wire 13b of each of the plurality of conductive wires 13-1 to 13-4. In describing the embodiments of the disclosure, the second wire 13b of each of the plurality of conductive wires 13-1 to 13-4 can be referred to as "a plurality of finger wires 13b".

[0247] The support 17 can support the plurality of finger wires 13b, and thus can maintain a separation distance D1 between the finger wires 13b to prevent electrical shorting between the second wires 13b.

[0248] The support 17 according to the embodiment of the disclosure can support a certain portion of each of the plurality of the finger lines 13b. For example, the support 17 can cover or surround a central portion of each of the plurality of the finger lines 13b.

[0249] According to another embodiment of the disclosure, the support 17 can be provided in plurality, and the plurality of supports 17 can be arranged at certain intervals or distances D2 and D3 in the second direction Y, and can support a central portion of the second line 13b of each of the plurality of the finger lines 13b. For example, when the flexible cable according to another embodiment of the disclosure includes a plurality of supports 17, a second interval or second distance D2 between the base member 11 and the first support 17 can be the same as or different from a third interval or third distance D3 between the plurality of supports 17. For example, the second interval D2 and the third interval D3 can be adjusted to be equal to or different from each other within a range in which defects in electrical connection between the finger lines 13b and the driver do not occur and within a total length of the finger lines 13b.

[0250] The support 17 according to the embodiment of the disclosure can include a first support 17a and a second support 17b.

[0251] The first support 17a can support the finger line 13b. The first support 17a can be a lower support that supports a lower portion of the finger line 13b. The first support 17a according to the embodiment of the disclosure can include the same material as the base member 11, but the embodiment is not limited thereto. For example, the first support 17a can be a portion of the base member 11 that is not removed in the process of manufacturing the flexible cable and supports the finger line 13b, but the embodiment is not limited thereto.

[0252] The second support 17b can cover the finger line 13b. The second support 17b can be an upper support that surrounds an upper portion and side portions of the finger line 13b. The second support 17b according to the embodiment of the disclosure can include the same material as the protective layer 15, but the embodiment is not limited thereto. For example, the second support 17b can be provided on the finger line 13b together with the protective layer 15, or can be a portion of the protective layer 15 that is not removed in the process of manufacturing the flexible cable and covers the finger line 13b, but the embodiment is not limited thereto.

[0253] Accordingly, the flexible cable according to another embodiment of the disclosure can further include the support 17 provided on the second line 13b of each of the plurality of the conductive lines 13-1 to 13-4, and thus can maintain the separation distance D1 between the second lines 13b, thereby preventing electrical short-circuiting between the second lines 13b.

[0254] FIG. 6 A flexible cable according to another embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated, and it is illustrated that FIG. 5 The illustrated support is applied toFIG. 4 The embodiments of the flexible cable shown above. Accordingly, hereinafter, repetitive descriptions of elements other than the support and elements related thereto will be omitted or will be briefly given.

[0255] Referring to FIG. 6 In the flexible cable according to another embodiment of the disclosure, the second wire 13b of each of the plurality of wires 13-1 to 13-4 can include a plurality of tapes 13s spaced apart from each other. The plurality of tapes 13s can be substantially the same as the plurality of tapes 13s described above with reference to FIG. 4 Thus, the same reference numerals refer to the same elements, and repetitive descriptions thereof will be omitted.

[0256] The support 17 can collectively surround the plurality of tapes 13s of the plurality of wires 13-1 to 13-4. The support 17 can collectively surround a portion of each of the plurality of tapes 13s. The support 17 can include a first support 17a and a second support 17b collectively surrounding a portion of each of the plurality of tapes 13s. Except for the first support 17a and the second support 17b collectively surrounding the tapes 13s, the first support 17a and the second support 17b can be substantially the same as the first support 17a and the second support 17b described above with reference to FIG. 5 Thus, the same reference numerals refer to the same elements, and repetitive descriptions thereof will be omitted.

[0257] Thus, the flexible cable according to another embodiment of the disclosure can have FIG. 4 the effects of the flexible cable shown above and FIG. 5 the effects of the flexible cable shown above. For example, the flexible cable according to another embodiment of the disclosure can include the plurality of wires 13-1 to 13-4 including the plurality of tapes 13s, thereby minimizing or preventing defects caused by wire breakage occurring in the process of manufacturing the flexible cable. For example, the flexible cable according to another embodiment of the disclosure can further include the support 17 disposed on the second wire 13b of each of the plurality of wires 13-1 to 13-4, and thus, the separation distance D1 between the second wires 13b can be maintained, thereby preventing electrical short-circuiting between the second wires 13b.

[0258] FIG. 7 A flexible cable according to another embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated, and an embodiment in which a structure of a wire shown above is modified is illustrated. FIG. 1 Thus, hereinafter, repetitive descriptions of elements other than the wire will be omitted or will be briefly given. FIG. 2 A cross-section taken along FIG. 7 the line I-I' shown above is illustrated.

[0259] In conjunction with FIG. 2 Referring to FIG. 7According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the flexible cable according to the present disclosure can include a plurality of conductive wires 13-1 to 13-4.

[0260] The plurality of conductive wires 13-1 to 13-4 can be grouped into a first electrode group 13G1 and a second electrode group 13G2.

[0261] For example, the first electrode group 13G1 can include the first conductive wire 13-1 and the second conductive wire 13-2. The second electrode group 13G2 can include the third conductive wire 13-3 and the fourth conductive wire 13-4.

[0262] The first electrode group 13G1 and the second electrode group 13G2 can be spaced apart from each other by a fourth interval D4 in the first direction X. For example, the second wire 13b of the second conductive wire 13-2 of the first electrode group 13G1 and the second wire 13b of the third conductive wire 13-3 of the second electrode group 13G2 can be spaced apart from each other by the fourth interval D4 in the first direction X, which can be greater than a distance between adjacent conductive wires included in one of the first electrode group 13G1 or the second electrode group 13G2.

[0263] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, each of the first conductive wire 13-1 of the first electrode group 13G1 and the third conductive wire 13-3 of the second electrode group 13G2 can receive the first driving power through a portion of the first wire 13a thereof, and can output the first driving power through the second wire 13b thereof. Each of the second conductive wire 13-2 of the first electrode group 13G1 and the fourth conductive wire 13-4 of the second electrode group 13G2 can receive the second driving power through a portion of the first wire 13a thereof, and can output the second driving power through the second wire 13b thereof.

[0264] According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, each of the first conductive wire 13-1 of the first electrode group 13G1 and the fourth conductive wire 13-4 of the second electrode group 13G2 can receive the first driving power through a portion of the first wire 13a thereof, and can output the first driving power through the second wire 13b thereof. Each of the second conductive wire 13-2 of the first electrode group 13G1 and the third conductive wire 13-3 of the second electrode group 13G2 can receive the second driving power through a portion of the first wire 13a thereof, and can output the second driving power through the second wire 13b thereof.

[0265] Accordingly, the flexible cable according to another embodiment of the present disclosure can provide driving power to each of the first and second drivers divided in the driver through the first electrode group 13G1 and the second electrode group 13G2 at the same time.

[0266] FIG. 8 An electrical connection structure between the driver and the flexible cable shown. FIG. 7 An electrical connection structure between the driver and the flexible cable shown.

[0267] Referring to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 The flexible cable according to another embodiment of the disclosure can be electrically connected to each of the first and second drivers divided in the driver 1 through the second wire 13b of each of the plurality of wires 13-1 to 13-4 included in each of the first electrode group 13G1 and the second electrode group 13G2.

[0268] The second wire 13b (or first finger wire) of the first wire 13-1 and the second wire 13b (or second finger wire) of the second wire 13-2 included in the first electrode group 13G1 can be electrically connected to the first driver of the driver 1 to have an alternately arranged shape. The second wire 13b (or third finger wire) of the third wire 13-3 and the second wire 13b (or fourth finger wire) of the fourth wire 13-4 included in the second electrode group 13G2 can be electrically connected to the second driver of the driver 1 to have an alternately arranged shape.

[0269] The driver 1 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can include a first driver 1-1 and a second driver 1-2 that are electrically disconnected or isolated from each other. The first driver 1-1 can include a first upper electrode layer 1a1 disposed on an upper surface thereof and a first lower electrode layer 1b1 disposed on a lower surface thereof. The second driver 1-2 can include a second upper electrode layer 1a2 disposed on an upper surface thereof and a second lower electrode layer 1b2 disposed on a lower surface thereof.

[0270] According to an embodiment of the disclosure, in the first electrode group 13G1, the second wire 13b of the first wire 13-1 can be bent toward the upper surface of the first driver 1-1 and can be electrically connected to the first upper electrode layer 1a1 of the first driver 1-1. In the first electrode group 13G1, the second wire 13b of the second wire 13-2 can be bent toward the lower surface of the first driver 1-1 and can be electrically connected to the first lower electrode layer 1b1 of the first driver 1-1.

[0271] In the second electrode group 13G2, the second wire 13b of the third wire 13-3 can be bent toward the upper surface of the second driver 1-2 and can be electrically connected to the second upper electrode layer 1a2 of the second driver 1-2. In the second electrode group 13G2, the second wire 13b of the fourth wire 13-4 can be bent toward the lower surface of the second driver 1-2 and can be electrically connected to the second lower electrode layer 1b2 of the second driver 1-2.

[0272] According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, in the second electrode group 13G2, the second wire 13b of the third lead wire 13-3 can be bent toward the lower surface of the second driver 1-2, and can be electrically connected to the second lower electrode layer 1b2 of the second driver 1-2. In the second electrode group 13G2, the second wire 13b of the fourth lead wire 13-4 can be bent toward the upper surface of the second driver 1-2, and can be electrically connected to the second upper electrode layer 1a2 of the second driver 1-2.

[0273] Accordingly, the flexible cable according to another embodiment of the present disclosure can have substantially the same effect as the flexible cable illustrated in FIG. 1 The flexible cable according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can include the second wire 13b (or the finger) of each of the plurality of lead wires 13-1 to 13-4 protruding from the base member 11 (or the body portion BP), and thus can be electrically connected to the driver 1 through the second wire 13b having flexibility. Accordingly, the flexible cable according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can be used as a common cable that can be electrically connected to various drivers having different terminal structures, and the design freedom of the terminal (or the electrode pad) position of each driver can be increased. The flexible cable according to another embodiment of the present disclosure can supply driving power to each of the first driver 1-1 and the second driver 1-2 of the driver 1 at the same time through the second wire 13b (or the finger) of each of the plurality of lead wires 13-1 to 13-4 included in each of the first electrode group 13G1 and the second electrode group 13G2.

[0274] FIG. 9 A flexible cable according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated, and a support applied to FIG. 5 the embodiment of the flexible cable illustrated in FIG. 7 is illustrated. Accordingly, hereinafter, a repeated description of elements other than the support and elements related thereto will be omitted or will be briefly given.

[0275] Referring to FIG. 9 , in the flexible cable according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the second wire 13b of each of the plurality of lead wires 13-1 to 13-4 can include a plurality of bands 13s spaced apart from each other. The plurality of bands 13s can be substantially the same as the plurality of bands 13s described above with reference to FIG. 4 , and thus the same reference numerals refer to the same elements, and a repeated description thereof is omitted.

[0276] One or more supports 17 can collectively surround the plurality of tapes 13s of the plurality of wires 13-1 to 13-4. The supports 17 can collectively surround a portion of each of the plurality of tapes 13s. The supports 17 can include a first support 17a and a second support 17b that collectively surround a portion of each of the plurality of tapes 13s. In addition to the first support 17a and the second support 17b collectively surrounding the tapes 13s, the first support 17a and the second support 17b can be substantially the same as the first support 17a and the second support 17b described above with reference to FIG. 5 The first support 17a and the second support 17b according to the other embodiment of the present disclosure are substantially the same as those described above with reference to

[0277] Accordingly, the flexible cable according to the other embodiment of the present disclosure can have the effects of the flexible cable described above with reference to FIG. 7 and the effects of the flexible cable described above with reference to FIG. 5 The flexible cable according to the other embodiment of the present disclosure can supply driving power to each of the first and second drivers of the driver 1 simultaneously through the first electrode group 13G1 and the second electrode group 13G2. For example, the flexible cable according to the other embodiment of the present disclosure can further include the supports 17 disposed on the second wires 13b of each of the plurality of wires 13-1 to 13-4, and thus, the separation distance D1 between the second wires 13b can be maintained, thereby preventing electrical short-circuiting between the second wires 13b.

[0278] FIG. 10 A flexible cable according to the other embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along FIG. 10 line II-II' illustrated in FIG. 1. FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 Embodiments in which the structure of the wire illustrated in FIG. 1 is modified are illustrated. Accordingly, hereinafter, repeated descriptions of elements other than the wire will be omitted or will be briefly given.

[0279] Referring to FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 , the flexible cable 10 according to the other embodiment of the present disclosure can include a first wire 13-1 and a second wire 13-2.

[0280] Each of the first wire 13-1 and the second wire 13-2 can include a first wire 13a disposed on the base member 11, a second wire 13b extending or protruding from the first wire 13a to the outside of the side surface of the base member 11 in the second direction Y, and at least one third wire 13c protruding from the second wire 13b in parallel with the first direction X.

[0281] In each of the first wire 13-1 and the second wire 13-2, the first wire 13a and the second wire 13b can be substantially the same as those described above with reference toFIG. 1 and FIG. 2 The first line 13a and the second line 13b described are substantially the same. Therefore, the same reference numerals refer to the same elements, and repetitive description thereof is omitted.

[0282] In each of the first conductive line 13-1 and the second conductive line 13-2, at least one third line 13c can extend from at least one of a portion and another portion of the second line 13b parallel to the second direction Y in the first direction X. For example, in each of the first conductive line 13-1 and the second conductive line 13-2, the second line 13b and the third line 13c can have a ━-shaped, a ━-shaped, a ╋-shaped, or a ━-shaped planar structure.

[0283] The third line 13c of the first conductive line 13-1 can be spaced apart from the third line 13c of the second conductive line 13-2 in the second direction Y, and thus, the third line 13c of the first conductive line 13-1 can be electrically insulated or disconnected (or isolated) from the third line 13c of the second conductive line 13-2. The third line 13c can be a wing line, but is not limited thereto.

[0284] Each of the third line 13c of the first conductive line 13-1 and the third line 13c of the second conductive line 13-2 can have a length longer than the first width W1 of the corresponding second line 13b. The third line 13c of the first conductive line 13-1 and the third line 13c of the second conductive line 13-2 can have different lengths, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0285] The third line 13c of each of the first conductive line 13-1 and the second conductive line 13-2 according to embodiments of the disclosure can include a 3-1 line 13c1 extending from a portion of the corresponding second line 13b in the first direction X, and a 3-2 line 13c2 extending from another portion of the corresponding second line 13b in the first direction X. The 3-1 line 13c1 of the first conductive line 13-1 and the 3-2 line 13c2 of the second conductive line 13-2 can have the same length, but embodiments are not limited thereto. The 3-2 line 13c2 of the first conductive line 13-1 and the 3-1 line 13c1 of the second conductive line 13-2 can have the same length, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0286] In each of the first conductive line 13-1 and the second conductive line 13-2, according to embodiments of the disclosure, the 3-1 wing line 13c1 and the 3-2 wing line 13c2 can have different lengths. For example, in each of the first conductive line 13-1 and the second conductive line 13-2, as FIG. 12 illustred in FIG. 13B, the 3-2 line 13c2 can have a relatively longer length than the corresponding 3-1 line 13c1 or the base member 11.

[0287] ​Therefore, the flexible cable according to another embodiment of this disclosure may have FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 The effects of the flexible cable are illustrated. For example, a flexible cable according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include a second wire 13b (or finger wire) of each of a plurality of conductors 13-1 to 13-4 protruding from the base member 11 (or body BP), and thus can be electrically connected to the driver via the flexible second wire 13b. Therefore, a flexible cable according to another embodiment of the present disclosure can be used as a common cable that can be electrically connected to various drivers with different terminal structures, and can increase the design freedom of the terminal (or electrode pad) position of each driver. The contact area between the third wire 13c of each of the first conductor 13-1 and the second conductor 13-2 and the driver can be increased, so the flexible cable according to another embodiment of the present disclosure can provide uniform drive power to the driver. Furthermore, when FIG. 12 The flexible cable shown is used in FIG. 8 When the driver is shown, FIG. 12 The flexible cable shown can simultaneously provide drive power to the first driver 1-1 and the second driver 1-2 of the driver 1 through the third wire 13c of each of the first conductor 13-1 and the second conductor 13-2, thus reducing the number of terminals.

[0288] FIG. 13 A flexible cable according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. FIG. 14 It shows FIG. 13 The connection structure between the driver and the flexible cable is shown. FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 Such an implementation is shown, wherein in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 The flexible cable shown may additionally provide one or more wire supports. Therefore, in the following text, repeated descriptions of elements other than one or more wire supports will be omitted or will be given only briefly.

[0289] refer to FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the flexible cable may also include one or more wire supports 19 for supporting each of the second wires 13b of the plurality of conductors 13-1 to 13-4.

[0290] One or more wire support portions 19 may support the first surface (front surface or one surface) and / or the second surface (rear surface or another surface) of the respective second wire 13b of the plurality of conductors 13-1 to 13-4.

[0291] One or more wire support portions 19 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can include a first wire support portion 19a supporting some of the second wires 13b of the plurality of wires 13-1 to 13-4 and / or a second wire support portion 19b supporting other of the second wires 13b of the plurality of wires 13-1 to 13-4.

[0292] The first wire support portion 19a can collectively or individually support or cover the front surfaces of some of the second wires 13b of the plurality of wires 13-1 to 13-4. For example, the first wire support portion 19a can include the same material as the protective layer 15, but embodiments are not limited thereto. For example, the first wire support portion 19a can be a portion of the protective layer 15 that is not removed in the process of manufacturing the flexible cable and covers the front surfaces and side surfaces of the corresponding second wires 13b.

[0293] The second wire support portion 19b can collectively or individually support or cover the rear surfaces of some of the second wires 13b of the plurality of wires 13-1 to 13-4. For example, the second wire support portion 19b can include the same material as the base member 11, but embodiments are not limited thereto. For example, the second wire support portion 19b can be a portion of the base member 11 that is not removed in the process of manufacturing the flexible cable and covers the rear surfaces of the corresponding second wires 13b.

[0294] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, for example, the first wire support portion 19a can support the second wires 13b of each of the first wire 13-1 and the second wire 13-2 included in the first electrode group among the plurality of wires 13-1 to 13-4, and the second wire support portion 19b can support the second wires 13b of each of the third wire 13-3 and the fourth wire 13-4 included in the second electrode group among the plurality of wires 13-1 to 13-4.

[0295] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, some of the second wires 13b of the plurality of wires 13-1 to 13-4 can be exposed in the rearward direction (or downward direction) of the flexible cable and, as shown in FIG. 1B, can be electrically connected to the upper electrode layer 1a arranged on the upper surface of the driver 1 and can not be exposed at the front surface of the flexible cable due to the second wire support portion 19b. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, other of the second wires 13b of the plurality of wires 13-1 to 13-4 can be exposed in the forward direction (or upward direction) of the flexible cable and, as shown in FIG. 1A, can be electrically connected to the lower electrode layer 1b arranged on the lower surface of the driver 1 and can not be exposed at the rear surface of the flexible cable due to the first wire support portion 19a. FIG. 14 FIG. 14 According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, some of the second wires 13b of the plurality of wires 13-1 to 13-4 can be exposed in the rearward direction (or downward direction) of the flexible cable and, as shown in FIG. 1B, can be electrically connected to the upper electrode layer 1a arranged on the upper surface of the driver 1 and can not be exposed at the front surface of the flexible cable due to the second wire support portion 19b. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, other of the second wires 13b of the plurality of wires 13-1 to 13-4 can be exposed in the forward direction (or upward direction) of the flexible cable and, as shown in FIG. 1A, can be electrically connected to the lower electrode layer 1b arranged on the lower surface of the driver 1 and can not be exposed at the rear surface of the flexible cable due to the first wire support portion 19a.

[0296] ​Accordingly, in the flexible cable according to another embodiment of the disclosure, the second wires 13b of each of the plurality of wires 13-1 to 13-4 can be supported by the wire support portions 19, so that electrical shorting between the second wires 13b can be prevented, and electrical adhesion properties and adhesion reliability between the driver and the second wires 13b can be enhanced. One or more wire support portions 19 can be electrically insulated.

[0297] FIG. 15 a vibration device according to an embodiment of the disclosure is shown, FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along FIG. 15 line III-III' shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view taken along FIG. 15 line IV-IV' shown in FIG. 4.

[0298] Referring to FIG. 15 to FIG. 17 , a vibration device according to an embodiment of the disclosure can include a vibration structure 210 and a flexible cable 230. For example, the vibration device can be a vibration device in which the flexible cable 230 is integrated.

[0299] The vibration structure 210 can contract and expand alternately and repeatedly based on a piezoelectric effect (or piezoelectric properties) to vibrate. The vibration structure 210 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can contract and expand alternately and repeatedly based on a converse piezoelectric effect (or piezoelectric properties) to vibrate in a thickness direction Z.

[0300] The vibration structure 210 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can include a vibration module including a piezoelectric layer 211, a first electrode layer 213, and a second electrode layer 215.

[0301] The piezoelectric layer 211 can include a piezoelectric material, a composite piezoelectric material, or an electroactive material including a piezoelectric effect. The piezoelectric layer 211 can be referred to as other terms such as a vibration layer, a piezoelectric material layer, a piezoelectric composite layer, an electroactive layer, a vibration portion, a piezoelectric material portion, a piezoelectric composite portion, an electroactive portion, a piezoelectric structure, a piezoelectric composite material, or a piezoelectric ceramic composite material.

[0302] The piezoelectric layer 211 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can include a ceramic-based material capable of achieving a relatively high vibration. For example, the piezoelectric layer 211 can include a 1-3 composite material having a piezoelectric property of a 1-3 vibration mode or a 2-2 composite material having a piezoelectric property of a 2-2 vibration mode. For example, a piezoelectric deformation coefficient "d 33 " of the piezoelectric layer 211 in the thickness direction Z can have 1000 pC / N or more, but embodiments are not limited thereto, where pC / N can be a unit of a piezoelectric effect, indicating an amount of electricity generated on a surface of a piezoelectric material when a force of one newton is applied.

[0303] The first electrode layer 213 can be disposed on a first surface (or an upper surface) of the piezoelectric layer 211 and can be electrically connected to the first surface of the piezoelectric layer 211. For example, the first electrode layer 213 can have a common electrode type disposed on the entire first surface of the piezoelectric layer 211. The first electrode layer 213 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can include a transparent conductive material, a semitransparent (or translucent) conductive material, or an opaque conductive material. For example, examples of the transparent conductive material or the semitransparent conductive material can include indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO), but embodiments are not limited thereto. Examples of the opaque conductive material can include aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), gold (Au), silver (Ag), molybdenum (Mo), magnesium (Mg), and any alloy thereof, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0304] The second electrode layer 215 can be on a second surface (or a rear surface) of the piezoelectric layer 211 opposite the first surface and can be electrically connected to the second surface of the piezoelectric layer 211. For example, the second electrode layer 215 can have a common electrode type disposed on the entire second surface of the piezoelectric layer 211. The second electrode layer 215 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can include a transparent conductive material, a semitransparent conductive material, or an opaque conductive material. For example, the second electrode layer 215 can include the same material as the first electrode layer 213, but embodiments are not limited thereto. As another example, the second electrode layer 215 can include a different material from the first electrode layer 213.

[0305] The piezoelectric layer 211 can be polarized by a specific voltage applied to the first electrode layer 213 and the second electrode layer 215 in a specific temperature atmosphere or a temperature atmosphere that can change from a high temperature to a room temperature. Embodiments are not limited to these examples.

[0306] The flexible cable 230 can be electrically connected to the first electrode layer 213 and the second electrode layer 215 of the vibration structure 210 at a portion of the vibration structure 210 and thus can be integrated into the vibration structure 210. For example, the flexible cable 230 can be electrically connected and directly connected to the first electrode layer 213 and the second electrode layer 215 of the vibration structure 210 at a portion of the vibration structure 210 and thus can be integrated into the vibration structure 210.

[0307] The flexible cable 230 according to the embodiment of the disclosure can include a plurality of wires 13-1 and 13-2. For example, some of the plurality of wires 13-1 and 13-2 can be electrically connected to the first electrode layer 213 of the vibration structure 210, and the other wires of the plurality of wires 13-1 and 13-2 can be electrically connected to the second electrode layer 215 of the vibration structure 210. For example, some of the plurality of wires 13-1 and 13-2 can be electrically connected and directly connected to the first electrode layer 213 of the vibration structure 210, and the other wires of the plurality of wires 13-1 and 13-2 can be electrically connected and directly connected to the second electrode layer 215 of the vibration structure 210. For example, the plurality of wires 13-1 and 13-2 can be bent toward the respective electrode layers 213 and 215, respectively, but the embodiment is not limited thereto.

[0308] The flexible cable 230 according to the embodiment of the disclosure can include a main body part BP including a plurality of fingers 13-1 and 13-2 protruding from the main body part BP and a terminal part 11a. For example, some of the plurality of fingers 13-1 and 13-2 can be electrically connected to the first electrode layer 213 of the vibration structure 210, and the other fingers of the plurality of fingers 13-1 and 13-2 can be electrically connected to the second electrode layer 215 of the vibration structure 210. For example, some of the plurality of fingers 13-1 and 13-2 can be electrically connected and directly connected to the first electrode layer 213 of the vibration structure 210, and the other fingers of the plurality of fingers 13-1 and 13-2 can be electrically connected and directly connected to the second electrode layer 215 of the vibration structure 210. For example, the plurality of fingers 13-1 and 13-2 can be bent toward the respective electrode layers 213 and 215, respectively, but the embodiment is not limited thereto. For example, the protruding length of each of the plurality of fingers 13-1 and 13-2 can be longer than the length of the terminal part 11a.

[0309] The flexible cable 230 according to the embodiment of the disclosure can include a base member 11, a conductor layer 13 including first wires 13-1 and second wires 13-2, and a protective layer 15. Except that the conductor layer 13 includes the first wires 13-1 and the second wires 13-2, the flexible cable 230 can include substantially the same elements as the flexible cable 230 described above with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 The description of the substantially same elements as the flexible cable 230 described above with reference to

[0310] Each of the first wires 13-1 and the second wires 13-2 can include a first wire 13a disposed on the base member 11 and a second wire 13b (or a finger) extending from the first wire 13a to the vibration structure 210 via a side surface 11s of the base member 11 in the second direction Y. Each of the first wires 13-1 and the second wires 13-2 can include substantially the same elements as the first wire 13a and the second wire 13b described above with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3The elements of each of the described conductive wires 13-1 to 13-4 are substantially the same, and thus, repetitive descriptions thereof are omitted.

[0311] In the flexible cable 230, the second wire 13b of each of the first conductive wire 13-1 and the second conductive wire 13-2 protruding from the base member 11 can function as a wire electrode and a pad electrode of the vibration structure 210.

[0312] The second wire 13b of the first conductive wire 13-1 can be electrically connected to the first electrode layer 213 of the vibration structure 210. For example, the second wire 13b of the first conductive wire 13-1 can be bent from one side of the vibration structure 210 toward the first electrode layer 213 of the vibration structure 210 and can be electrically connected to one edge (or peripheral) portion of the first electrode layer 213.

[0313] The second wire 13b of the second conductive wire 13-2 can be electrically connected to the second electrode layer 215 of the vibration structure 210. For example, the second wire 13b of the second conductive wire 13-2 can be bent from one side of the vibration structure 210 toward the second electrode layer 215 of the vibration structure 210 and can be electrically connected to one edge (or peripheral) portion of the second electrode layer 215.

[0314] Each of the first conductive wire 13-1 and the second conductive wire 13-2 can include the above-described plurality of tapes 13s, the above-described support member 17, or further include the above-described third wire 13c. FIG. 4 The described plurality of tapes 13s, the above-described support member 17, or further include the above-described third wire 13c. FIG. 6 The described plurality of tapes 13s, the above-described support member 17, or further include the above-described third wire 13c. FIG. 10 The described third wire 13c.

[0315] Accordingly, the flexible cable 230 can supply driving power to the vibration structure 210 through the second wire 13b of each of the first conductive wire 13-1 and the second conductive wire 13-2, and thus, a voltage drop caused by a surface resistance characteristic of each of the first electrode layer 213 and the second electrode layer 215 disposed in the vibration structure 210 can be reduced, the electrical characteristics of each of the first electrode layer 213 and the second electrode layer 215 can be complementary, and a selection freedom degree of a conductive material for the first electrode layer 213 and the second electrode layer 215 can be increased.

[0316] The vibration device or the vibration structure 210 according to the embodiment of the disclosure can further include a first protection member 250 and a second protection member 270.

[0317] The first protection member 250 can be disposed on the first surface of the vibration structure 210. For example, the first protection member 250 can be disposed on the first surface of the vibration structure 210 with the second wire 13b of the first wire 13-1 interposed between the first surface of the vibration structure 210 and the first protection member 250. The first protection member 250 can cover the first surface of the vibration structure 210 and the second wire 13b of the first wire 13-1 of the flexible cable 230, and thus, can protect the first surface of the vibration structure 210 or the first electrode layer 213, and can maintain the electrical connection between the first electrode layer 213 of the vibration structure 210 and the second wire 13b of the first wire 13-1 of the flexible cable 230.

[0318] The first protection member 250 according to the embodiment of the disclosure can be connected to the first surface of the vibration structure 210 on which the second wire 13b of the first wire 13-1 of the flexible cable 230 is disposed, by the first adhesive layer 240. For example, the first protection member 250 can be attached on the first surface of the vibration structure 210 including the second wire 13b of the first wire 13-1 by a film lamination process using the first adhesive layer 240. Thus, the second wire 13b (or the first finger wire) of the first wire 13-1 of the flexible cable 230 can be disposed between the first surface of the vibration structure 210 and the first protection member 250, and can be integrated into the vibration structure 210. Alternatively, the first protection member 250 can also be attached on the first surface of the vibration structure 210 including the second wire 13b of the first wire 13-1 by other processes.

[0319] The second protection member 270 can be disposed on the second surface of the vibration structure 210. For example, the second protection member 270 can be disposed on the second surface of the vibration structure 210 with the second wire 13b of the second wire 13-2 interposed between the second surface of the vibration structure 210 and the second protection member 270. The second protection member 270 can cover the second surface of the vibration structure 210 and the second wire 13b of the second wire 13-2 of the flexible cable 230, and thus, can protect the second surface of the vibration structure 210 or the second electrode layer 215, and can maintain the electrical connection between the second electrode layer 215 of the vibration structure 210 and the second wire 13b of the second wire 13-2 of the flexible cable 230.

[0320] The second protective member 270 according to the embodiment of the disclosure can be connected to the second surface of the vibration structure 210 on which the second wire 13b of the second wire 13-2 of the flexible cable 230 is disposed, through the second adhesive layer 260. For example, the second protective member 270 can be attached on the second surface of the vibration structure 210 including the second wire 13b of the second wire 13-2 of the flexible cable 230 by using a film lamination process of the second adhesive layer 260. Accordingly, the second wire 13b (or the second finger) of the second wire 13-2 of the flexible cable 230 can be disposed between the second surface of the vibration structure 210 and the second protective member 270, and can be integrated into the vibration structure 210. Alternatively, the second protective member 270 can also be attached on the second surface of the vibration structure 210 including the second wire 13b of the second wire 13-2 by other processes.

[0321] For example, each of the first protective member 250 and the second protective member 270 can not include a wire or a pad electrically connected to the vibration structure 210, and thus can be an insulating film or a protective film for protecting the vibration structure 210. Each of the first protective member 250 and the second protective member 270 according to the embodiment of the disclosure can include a plastic film. For example, each of the first protective member 250 and the second protective member 270 can be a polyimide film or a polyethylene terephthalate film, but the embodiment is not limited thereto.

[0322] As another example, each of the first protective member 250 and the second protective member 270 can include a metal film or a metal plate including a metal material. Each of the first protective member 250 and the second protective member 270 can be configured to be connected to the vibration structure 210 through the adhesive layers 240 and 260. Each of the first protective member 250 and the second protective member 270 including a metal material can enhance the mass of the vibration structure 210 to lower the resonance frequency of the vibration structure 210 based on the increase in the mass, and thus, can increase the sound pressure level characteristic of the low-pitched sound band generated based on the vibration of the vibration structure 210. For example, each of the first protective member 250 and the second protective member 270 can include one or more materials of stainless steel, aluminum (Al), magnesium (Mg), a magnesium alloy, a magnesium-lithium (Mg-Li) alloy, and an aluminum alloy, but the embodiment is not limited thereto.

[0323] As another example, one of the first protective member 250 and the second protective member 270 can include a metal material, and the other protective member of the first protective member 250 and the second protective member 270 can include a plastic film. Even in this case, the sound pressure level characteristic of the low-pitched sound band generated based on the vibration of the vibration structure 210 can be increased due to the increase in the mass (or weight) caused by one of the first protective member 250 and the second protective member 270 including a metal material.

[0324] The first adhesive layer 240 can be disposed between the first electrode layer 213 and the first protective member 250 of the vibration structure 210. The first adhesive layer 240 can cover the second wire 13b (or the first finger wire) of the first wire 13-1 of the flexible cable 230. The second adhesive layer 260 can be disposed between the second electrode layer 215 and the second protective member 270 of the vibration structure 210. The second adhesive layer 260 can cover the second wire 13b (or the second finger wire) of the second wire 13-2 of the flexible cable 230.

[0325] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, each of the first adhesive layer 240 and the second adhesive layer 260 can include an electrically insulating material having adhesiveness and capable of compression and decompression. For example, each of the first adhesive layer 240 and the second adhesive layer 260 can include an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, a silicone resin, or a polyurethane resin, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0326] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, when one of the first protective member 250 and the second protective member 270 includes a metal material, each of the first adhesive layer 240 and the second adhesive layer 260 can function as an electrically insulating layer that electrically insulates the electrode layers 213 and 215 of the vibration structure 210 from the first protective member 250 and the second protective member 270 including the metal material. For example, the first adhesive layer 240 can be a first electrically insulating layer, and the second adhesive layer 260 can be a second electrically insulating layer.

[0327] Accordingly, based on the integrated structure between the vibration structure 210 and the flexible cable 230, the vibration device according to embodiments of the present disclosure can not require a soldering process between the vibration structure 210 and the flexible cable 230 and a patterning process of forming wires and pads in each of the first protective member 250 and the second protective member 270, and thus, can simplify the structure of the vibration device and the process of manufacturing the vibration device. Further, in the vibration device according to embodiments of the present disclosure, because no wires and pads are disposed in each of the first protective member 250 and the second protective member 270, there is no need to place a conductive sheet (or a conductive film) between each of the first protective member 250 and the second protective member 270 and the vibration structure 210, and thus, because the conductive sheet is omitted, a vibration device having a thin thickness can be implemented. Further, in the vibration device according to embodiments of the present disclosure, driving power can be directly provided to the vibration structure 210 through the flexible cable 230. In the vibration device according to embodiments of the present disclosure, because the driving power is provided to the vibration structure 210 through the flexible cable 230, the electrical characteristics of each of the first electrode layer 213 and the second electrode layer 215 disposed in the vibration structure 210 can be supplemented.

[0328] FIG. 18A to FIG. 18GShow FIG. 15 to FIG. 17 The piezoelectric layer of the vibrating structure is shown in the figure.

[0329] refer to FIG. 18A According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the piezoelectric layer 211 of the vibration structure 210 may include a plurality of first portions 211a and a plurality of second portions 211b. For example, the plurality of first portions 211a and the plurality of second portions 211b may be arranged alternately and repeatedly in a second direction Y. Each of the plurality of first portions 211a may be disposed between two adjacent second portions 211b and may have a second width W2 parallel to the second direction Y and a length parallel to the first direction X. Each of the plurality of second portions 211b may have a third width W3 that may be the same as the second width W2 and may have a length parallel to the first direction X. For example, the first portions 211a and the second portions 211b may each have a linear or striped pattern, each having the same dimensions. Therefore, FIG. 18A The piezoelectric layer 211 of the vibrating structure 210 shown may include a 2-2 composite material and thus may have a resonant frequency of 20 kHz or less, but the implementation is not limited thereto, and the resonant frequency of the piezoelectric layer 211 may vary based on one or more of the shape, length and thickness.

[0330] Reference FIG. 18B According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the piezoelectric layer 211 of the vibration structure 210 may include a plurality of first portions 211a and a plurality of second portions 211b arranged alternately and repeatedly along a first direction X. Each of the plurality of first portions 211a may be disposed between two adjacent second portions 211b of the plurality of second portions 211b, and may have a fourth width W4 parallel to the first direction X and a length parallel to the second direction Y. Each of the plurality of second portions 211b may have a fifth width W5 that may be the same as the fourth width W4, and may have a length parallel to the second direction Y. For example, the first portions 211a and the second portions 211b may each have a linear or striped pattern, each having the same dimensions. Therefore, FIG. 18B The piezoelectric layer 211 of the vibrating structure 210 shown may include a 2-2 composite material and thus may have a resonant frequency of 20 kHz or less, but the implementation is not limited thereto, and the resonant frequency of the piezoelectric layer 211 may vary based on one or more of the shape, length and thickness.

[0331] exist FIG. 18A and FIG. 18BIn the piezoelectric layer 211 of the vibration structure 210 shown in each of FIGS. 1A to 1C, each of the plurality of first portions 211a and each of the plurality of second portions 211b can be arranged (or aligned) in parallel on the same plane (or the same layer). Each of the plurality of second portions 211b can be configured to fill a gap or a space between two adjacent first portions 211a, and thus can be connected to or attached to the adjacent first portions 211a. For example, each of the plurality of second portions 211b can be connected to or attached to side surfaces (or sides) of the adjacent first portions 211a. Accordingly, based on the lateral coupling (or connection) between the first portions 211a and the second portions 211b, the piezoelectric layer 211 can be magnified to have a desired size or length.

[0332] In FIG. 18A and FIG. 18B In the piezoelectric layer 211 of the vibration structure 210 shown in each of FIGS. 1A to 1C, each of the plurality of second portions 211b can have a width (or a size) W3 and W5 that gradually decreases in a direction from a central portion of the piezoelectric layer 211 or the vibration device to two peripheries or two outer circumferences (or two ends).

[0333] The second portion 211b having the greatest width W3 and W5 among the plurality of second portions 211b can be located in a portion where the highest stress is likely to concentrate when the piezoelectric layer 211 or the vibration device vibrates in the vertical direction Z (or the thickness direction). The second portion 211b having the smallest width W3 and W5 among the plurality of second portions 211b can be located in a portion where a relatively low stress is likely to occur when the piezoelectric layer 211 or the vibration device vibrates in the vertical direction Z. For example, the second portion 211b having the greatest width W3 and W5 among the plurality of second portions 211b can be disposed in the central portion of the piezoelectric layer 211, and the second portion 211b having the smallest width W3 and W5 among the plurality of second portions 211b can be disposed in each of the two edges or peripheries of the piezoelectric layer 211. Accordingly, when the piezoelectric layer 211 or the vibration device vibrates in the vertical direction Z, interference or overlapping of the resonance frequencies of the sound waves occurring in the portions where the highest stress concentrates can be reduced or minimized, respectively. Accordingly, a tilting phenomenon of the sound pressure level occurring in the bass sound band can be reduced or minimized, thereby improving the flatness of the sound characteristics in the bass sound band. For example, the flatness of the sound characteristics can be a level of deviation between the highest sound pressure and the lowest sound pressure.

[0334] In FIG. 18A and FIG. 18BAmong the piezoelectric layers 211 of the vibration structure 210 shown in each of FIGS. 1 to 3, each of the plurality of first portions 211a can have a different size (or width). For example, the size (or width) of each of the plurality of first portions 211a can gradually decrease or increase in a direction from a central portion of the piezoelectric layer 211 or the vibration device to both peripheries (or both ends). For example, in the piezoelectric layer 211, based on various natural vibration frequencies according to the vibration of each of the plurality of first portions 211a having different sizes, the sound pressure level characteristics of sound can be enhanced and the sound reproduction frequency band can be increased.

[0335] Referring to FIG. 18C , the piezoelectric layer 211 of the vibration structure 210 according to another embodiment of the disclosure can include a plurality of first portions 211a spaced apart from each other in the first direction X and the second direction Y and a second portion 211b disposed between the plurality of first portions 211a. The plurality of first portions 211a can be arranged to be spaced apart from each other in the first direction X and the second direction Y. For example, each of the plurality of first portions 211a can have a hexahedral shape having the same size, and can be arranged in a lattice shape. The second portion 211b can be disposed between the plurality of first portions 211a in each of the first direction X and the second direction Y. The second portion 211b can be configured to fill a gap or a space between two adjacent first portions 211a or to surround each of the plurality of first portions 211a, and thus can be connected to or attached to the adjacent first portions 211a. According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the width of the second portion 211b disposed between two first portions 211a adjacent to each other in the first direction X can be the same as or different from the width of the first portion 211a, and the width of the second portion 211b disposed between two first portions 211a adjacent to each other in the second direction Y can be the same as or different from the width of the first portion 211a. Thus, FIG. 18C The piezoelectric layer 211 of the vibration structure 210 shown in FIG. 4 can include a 1-3 composite material, and thus can have a resonance frequency of 30 MHz or less, but embodiments are not limited thereto, and the resonance frequency of the piezoelectric layer 211 can vary based on one or more of a shape, a length, and a thickness.

[0336] Referring to FIG. 18D , the piezoelectric layer 211 of the vibration structure 210 according to another embodiment of the disclosure can include a first piezoelectric region 211-1 and a second piezoelectric region 211-2.

[0337] The first piezoelectric region 211-1 and the second piezoelectric region 211-2 can include different composite materials or can have different vibration modes. For example, the first piezoelectric region 211-1 can include a 2-2 composite material, and the second piezoelectric region 211-2 can include a 1-3 composite material.

[0338] The first piezoelectric region 211-1 according to another embodiment of the disclosure can include a plurality of first portions 211a and a plurality of second portions 211b alternately and repeatedly arranged in the first direction X. The first portions 211a and the second portions 211b provided in the first piezoelectric region 211-1 can be substantially the same as the piezoelectric layer 211 described above with reference to FIG. 2, and thus the same reference numerals refer to the same elements, and a repetitive description thereof is omitted. FIG. 18B

[0339] The second piezoelectric region 211-2 according to another embodiment of the disclosure can include a plurality of first portions 211a spaced apart from each other in the first direction X and the second direction Y and a second portion 211b provided between the plurality of first portions 211a. For example, the second portion 211b can be configured to fill a gap or a space between two adjacent first portions 211a or surround each of the plurality of first portions 211a. The first portions 211a and the second portion 211b provided in the second piezoelectric region 211-2 can be substantially the same as the piezoelectric layer 211 described above with reference to FIG. 2, and thus the same reference numerals refer to the same elements, and a repetitive description thereof is omitted. FIG. 18C

[0340] Thus, FIG. 18D The piezoelectric layer 211 of the vibration structure 210 illustrated can have a resonance frequency of 20 kHz or less through the 2-2 composite material of the first piezoelectric region 211-1 and a resonance frequency of 30 MHz or less through the 1-3 composite material of the second piezoelectric region 211-2, but embodiments are not limited thereto, and the resonance frequency of the piezoelectric layer 211 can vary based on one or more of a shape, a length, and a thickness. For example, the first piezoelectric region 211-1 can be a speaker or a haptic device, and the second piezoelectric region 211-2 can be a sensor device.

[0341] Referring to FIG. 18E ​​The piezoelectric layer 211 of the vibration structure 210 according to another embodiment of the disclosure can include a plurality of first portions 211a spaced apart from each other in the first direction X and the second direction Y and a second portion 211b surrounding each of the plurality of first portions 211a. Each of the plurality of first portions 211a can have a circular flat structure. For example, each of the plurality of first portions 211a can have a circular plate shape, but embodiments are not limited thereto and can have a dot shape including an oval shape, a polygonal shape, or a donut shape. The second portion 211b can be configured to surround each of the plurality of first portions 211a and thus can be connected or attached to a side surface of each of the plurality of first portions 211a. Each of the plurality of first portions 211a and the second portion 211b can be arranged (or aligned) in parallel on the same plane (or the same layer). Thus, FIG. 18E The piezoelectric layer 211 illustrated can include a 1-3 composite material and can be implemented as a circular vibration source (or vibrator), and thus, a vibration characteristic or a sound output characteristic can be enhanced and can have a resonance frequency of 30 MHz or less. However, embodiments of the disclosure are not limited thereto, and the resonance frequency of the piezoelectric layer 211 can vary based on one or more of a shape, a length, and a thickness of the piezoelectric layer.

[0342] Referring to FIG. 18F The piezoelectric layer 211 of the vibration structure 210 according to another embodiment of the disclosure can include a plurality of first portions 211a spaced apart from each other in the first direction X and the second direction Y and a second portion 211b surrounding each of the plurality of first portions 211a. Each of the plurality of first portions 211a can have a triangular flat structure. For example, each of the plurality of first portions 211a can have a triangular plate shape.

[0343] As another example, four adjacent first portions 211a of the plurality of first portions 211a can be adjacent to each other to form a quadrilateral or quadrangular shape (or a square shape). The vertices of the four adjacent first portions 211a forming the quadrilateral can be adjacent to each other in a central portion (or a center portion) of the quadrilateral. The second portion 211b can be configured to surround each of the plurality of first portions 211a and thus can be connected to or attached to a side surface (or a side) of each of the plurality of first portions 211a. Each of the plurality of first portions 211a and the second portion 211b can be arranged (or aligned) in parallel on the same plane (or the same layer).

[0344] As another example, as FIG. 18GAs illustrated, six adjacent first portions 211a of the plurality of first portions 211a can be adjacent to each other to form a hexagonal shape (or a regular hexagonal shape). The vertices of the six adjacent first portions 211a forming the hexagonal shape can be adjacent to each other in a central portion (or a center portion) of the hexagonal shape. The second portion 211b can be configured to surround each of the plurality of first portions 211a, and thus can be connected to or attached to a side surface (or a side face) of each of the plurality of first portions 211a. Each of the plurality of first portions 211a and the second portion 211b can be arranged (or aligned) in parallel on the same plane (or the same layer).

[0345] Referring to FIG. 18F and FIG. 18G , 2N adjacent first portions 210 of the plurality of first portions 211a having a triangular shape can be arranged adjacent to each other to form a 2N-gon shape (where N is a natural number greater than or equal to 2).

[0346] In FIG. 18A to FIG. 18G , the plurality of first portions 211a according to the embodiment of the disclosure can each be configured as an inorganic material portion. The inorganic material portion can include a piezoelectric material or an electroactive material. The piezoelectric material or the electroactive material can have a characteristic in which, when a pressure or a twist (or a bend) is applied to a crystal structure by an external force, a potential difference is generated due to dielectric polarization caused by a change in the relative position of positive (+) ions and negative (-) ions, and vibration is generated by an electric field based on a reverse voltage applied thereto. As described above with reference to FIG. 16 to FIG. 17 , the first surface of each of the plurality of first portions 211a can be electrically connected to the first electrode layer 213, and the second surface of each of the plurality of first portions 211a can be electrically connected to the second electrode layer 215.

[0347] In FIG. 18A to FIG. 18G , the inorganic material portion included in each of the plurality of first portions 211a can include a ceramic-based material for generating relatively high vibration, or can include a piezoelectric ceramic having a perovskite-based crystal structure. The perovskite crystal structure can have a piezoelectric effect and a converse piezoelectric effect, and can be a plate-shaped structure having an orientation. The peroviskite crystal structure can be represented by a chemical formula "ABO3". In the chemical formula, "A" can include a divalent metal element, and "B" can include a tetravalent metal element. For example, in the chemical formula "ABO3", "A" and "B" can be cations, and "O" can be an anion. For example, the chemical formula "ABO3" can include one of lead(II) titanate (PbTiO3), lead zirconate (PbZrO3), lead zirconate titanate (PbZrTiO3), barium titanate (BaTiO3), and strontium titanate (SrTiO3), but embodiments of the disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0348] When the perovskite crystal structure includes a central ion (e.g., lead (II) titanate), the position of titanium (Ti) ions can be changed by an external stress or a magnetic field, and thus, the polarization can be changed, thereby generating a piezoelectric effect. For example, in the peroviskite crystal structure, a cubic shape corresponding to a symmetrical structure can be changed to a tetragonal (or quadrilateral), orthorhombic, or rhombic structure corresponding to an asymmetrical structure, and thus, a piezoelectric effect can be generated. In the tetragonal (or quadrilateral), orthorhombic, or rhombic structure corresponding to the asymmetrical structure, the polarization can be high in a morphotropic phase boundary, and the rearrangement of the polarization can be easy, whereby the peroviskite crystal structure can have high piezoelectric properties.

[0349] According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the inorganic material portion included in each of the plurality of first portions 211a can include one or more materials among lead (Pb), zirconium (Zr), titanium (Ti), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), and niobium (Nb), but embodiments of the disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0350] According to another embodiment of the disclosure, the inorganic material portion included in each of the plurality of first portions 211a can include a lead zirconium titanate (PZT)-based material including lead (Pb), zirconium (Zr), and titanium (Ti), or can include a lead zirconate nickelate niobate (PZNN)-based material including lead (Pb), zirconium (Zr), nickel (Ni), and niobium (Nb), but embodiments of the disclosure are not limited thereto. In addition, the inorganic material portion can include at least one or more of calcium titanate (CaTiO3), BaTiO3, and SrTiO3, each of which does not contain Pb, but embodiments of the disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0351] According to another embodiment of the disclosure, the inorganic material portion included in each of the plurality of first portions 211a can have a piezoelectric strain coefficient "d 33 " of 1000 pC / N or more in the thickness direction Z. The inorganic material portion can be applied to a display panel having a large size, and can need to have a high piezoelectric strain coefficient "d 33 " to have sufficient vibration properties or piezoelectric properties. For example, the inorganic material portion can include a PZT-based material (e.g., PbZrTiO3) as a main component, and can include a softener dopant material doped to an A site (Pb) and a relaxor ferroelectric material doped to a B site (ZrTi).

[0352] The softener dopant material can enhance the piezoelectric properties and dielectric properties of the inorganic material portion, and for example, can increase the piezoelectric strain coefficient "d 33When the softener dopant material includes a monovalent element "+1", the inventors have confirmed that piezoelectric properties and dielectric properties are reduced. For example, when the softener dopant material includes potassium (K) and rubidium (Rb), the inventors have confirmed that piezoelectric properties and dielectric properties are reduced. Accordingly, through various experiments, the inventors have recognized that the softener dopant material should include a divalent element "+2" to a trivalent element "+3" to enhance piezoelectric properties and dielectric properties. The softener dopant material according to the embodiments of the present disclosure can include a divalent element "+2" to a trivalent element "+3". A morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) can be achieved by adding the softener dopant material to a PZT-based material (PbZrTiO3), and thus piezoelectric properties and dielectric properties can be enhanced. For example, the softener dopant material can include strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), lanthanum (La), neodymium (Nd), calcium (Ca), yttrium (Y), erbium (Er), or ytterbium (Yb). For example, ions (Sr 2+ , Ba 2+ , La 2+ , Nd 3+ , Ca 2+ , Y 3+ , Er 3+ , Yb 3+ of the softener dopant material doped into the PZT-based material (PbZrTiO3) can replace a portion of lead (Pb) in the PZT-based material (PbZrTiO3), and a substitution rate thereof can be about 2 mol% to about 20 mol%. For example, when the substitution rate is less than 2 mol% or more than 20 mol%, a perovskite crystal structure can be destroyed, and thus, an electromechanical coupling coefficient "kp" and a piezoelectric deformation coefficient "d 33 " can be reduced. When replaced with the softener dopant material, an MPB can be formed, and piezoelectric properties and dielectric properties in the MPB can be high, and thus, a vibration device having high piezoelectric properties and high dielectric properties can be implemented.

[0353] According to embodiments of the disclosure, a relaxor ferroelectric material doped into a PZT-based material (PbZrTiO3) can enhance the electro-deformation characteristics of the inorganic material portion. The relaxor ferroelectric material according to embodiments of the disclosure can include a lead magnesium niobate (PMN)-based material or a lead nickel niobate (PNN)-based material, but embodiments are not limited thereto. The PMN-based material can include Pb, Mg, and Nb, and for example, can include Pb(Ni,Nb)O3. For example, the relaxor ferroelectric material doped into the PZT-based material (PbZrTiO3) can replace a portion of each of zirconium (Zr) and titanium (Ti) in the PZT-based material (PbZrTiO3), and a substitution rate thereof can be about 5 mol% to about 25 mol%. For example, when the substitution rate is less than 5 mol% or greater than 25 mol%, the perovskite crystal structure can be destroyed, and thus, an electromechanical coupling coefficient "kp" and a piezoelectric deformation coefficient "d 33 " can be reduced.

[0354] According to embodiments of the disclosure, the inorganic material portion disposed in each of the plurality of first portions 211a can further include a donor material doped into a B site (ZrTi) of the PZT-based material (PbZrTiO3) so as to further enhance the piezoelectric coefficient. For example, the donor material doped into the B site (ZrTi) can include a tetravalent element "+4" or a hexavalent element "+6". For example, the donor material doped into the B site (ZrTi) can include tellurium (Te), germanium (Ge), uranium (U), bismuth (Bi), niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta), antimony (Sb), or tungsten (W).

[0355] The inorganic material portion disposed in each of the plurality of first portions 211a of the piezoelectric layer 211 according to embodiments of the disclosure can be expressed as the following Formula 1.

[0356] [Formula 1]

[0357] (Pb A-B C B )((Mg 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 ) a (Ni 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 ) b Zr c Ti d )O3

[0358] Here, C can be one of Ca, Sr, and Ba. Also, a+b+c+d=1, 0.02≤B≤0.20, 0.80≤A-B≤0.98, 0.05≤a≤0.25, 0.05≤b≤0.25, 0.10≤c≤0.50, and 0.10≤d≤0.50.

[0359] The inorganic material portion provided in each of the plurality of first portions 211a according to the embodiment of the disclosure can have a piezoelectric strain coefficient "d 33 " of 1000 pC / N or more in the thickness direction Z, thereby implementing a vibration device having enhanced vibration characteristics. For example, a vibration device having enhanced vibration characteristics can be implemented in a large-area display apparatus.

[0360] In FIG. 18A to FIG. 18G , the second portions 211b can be provided between the plurality of first portions 211a or can be provided to surround each of the plurality of first portions 211a. Thus, in the piezoelectric layer 211 of the vibration structure 210 or the vibration device, the linked vibration energy in the unit cell based on each first portion 211a can be increased due to the corresponding second portion 211b. Thus, vibration can be increased, and piezoelectric characteristics and flexibility can be ensured. For example, the second portions 211b can include at least one of an epoxy-based polymer, an acryl-based polymer, and a siloxane-based polymer, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0361] The second portions 211b according to the embodiment of the disclosure can be configured as organic material portions. For example, the organic material portions can be provided between the inorganic material portions and can absorb an impact applied to the inorganic material portions (or first portions), can release stress concentrated on the inorganic material portions to enhance the overall durability of the piezoelectric layer 211 of the vibration structure 210 or the vibration device, and can provide flexibility to the piezoelectric layer 211 of the vibration structure 210 or the vibration device.

[0362] The second portions 211b according to the embodiment of the disclosure can have a modulus and viscoelasticity lower than those of each first portion 211a, and thus, the second portions 211b can enhance the reliability of each first portion 211a vulnerable to impact due to a fragile characteristic. For example, the second portions 211b can each include a material having a loss coefficient (or loss factor) of about 0.01 to about 1.0 and a modulus of about 0.1 [GPa] to about 10 [GPa]. Herein, the modulus can be understood as a dynamic modulus, which describes the ratio of stress to strain under vibration conditions or is calculated by dividing the tensile stress by the tensile strain. Here, the loss coefficient of the material can be understood as the ratio of dissipated energy to strain energy.

[0363] The organic material portions included in the second portions 211b can include one or more of an organic material, an organic polymer, an organic piezoelectric material, and an organic non-piezoelectric material having a flexible characteristic compared to the inorganic material portions of the first portions 211a. For example, the second portions 211b can be referred to as an adhesive portion, an elastic portion, a bending portion, a damping portion, or a flexible portion, each having flexibility, but embodiments of the disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0364] Accordingly, the plurality of first portions 211a and the second portion 211b can be disposed on (or connected to) the same plane and / or parallel to each other, and thus the piezoelectric layer 211 of the vibration structure 210 according to various embodiments of the disclosure can have a single thin film type. For example, the piezoelectric layer 211 can vibrate in a vertical direction (or a thickness direction) by the first portion 211a having a vibration characteristic, and can be bent into a curved shape by the second portion 211b having flexibility. Further, in the piezoelectric layer 211 of the vibration structure 210 according to various embodiments of the disclosure, the size of the first portion 211a and the size of the second portion 211b can be adjusted or disposed based on the piezoelectric characteristic and flexibility required for the piezoelectric layer 211. Accordingly, the width ratio of the first portion 211a and the second portion 211b can be adjusted depending on the application and the resulting demand. For example, in the case where the piezoelectric layer 211 requires a piezoelectric characteristic rather than flexibility, the size of the first portion 211a can be adjusted to be greater than the size of the second portion 211b. As another example, in the case where the piezoelectric layer 211 requires flexibility rather than a piezoelectric characteristic, the size of the second portion 211b can be adjusted to be greater than the size of the first portion 211a. For example, the size of the second portion 211b and the size of the first portion 211a can be one or more of width, length, and thickness. Accordingly, the size of the piezoelectric layer 211 can be adjusted based on the characteristic required for the piezoelectric layer 211, and thus the piezoelectric layer 211 can be easily designed.

[0365] FIG. 19 A vibration device according to another embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated, and an embodiment in which a vibration structure and a wire in the vibration device are modified is illustrated. FIG. 15 In the following, a repeated description of elements other than the vibration structure, the wire, and elements related thereto is omitted or will be briefly given. FIG. 17 A cross section taken along FIG. 19 Line IV-IV' is illustrated.

[0366] Referring to FIG. 19 In the vibration device according to another embodiment of the disclosure, the vibration structure 210 can be substantially the same as the vibration structure of FIG. 15 except that the vibration structure 210 is enlarged to have a relatively wide size different from that of FIG. 15 , and thus a repeated description thereof is omitted.

[0367] In the vibration device according to another embodiment of the disclosure, the flexible cable 230 can include the base member 11, the conductor layer 13 including the first wire 13-1 and the second wire 13-2, and the protective layer 15. The flexible cable 230 can include the same as above with reference toFIG. 1 to FIG. 3 The described flexible cable 230 has substantially the same elements as the flexible cable 230, and thus, repetitive description thereof is omitted.

[0368] Each of the first and second conductive lines 13-1 and 13-2 can include a first line 13a disposed on the base member 11, a second line 13b extending from the first line 13a to a second electrode layer 215 of the vibration structure 210 via a side surface of the base member 11 in the second direction Y, and at least one third line 13c protruding from the second line 13b in parallel with the first direction X. Each of the first and second conductive lines 13-1 and 13-2 can include the same elements as the first and second conductive lines 13-1 and 13-2 described above with reference to FIGS. 1A and 1B, and thus, repetitive description thereof is omitted. FIG. 12 The described conductive lines 13-1 to 13-2 have substantially the same elements as the conductive lines 13-1 to 13-2, and thus, repetitive description thereof is omitted.

[0369] Each of the second line 13b and the at least one third line 13c of the first conductive line 13-1 can be electrically connected to the first electrode layer 213 of the vibration structure 210. For example, the second line 13b of the first conductive line 13-1 can be bent from a side of the vibration structure 210 to the first electrode layer 213 of the vibration structure 210 and can be electrically connected to one peripheral portion (or edge portion) of the first electrode layer 213 in the second direction Y. The at least one third line 13c of the first conductive line 13-1 can be disposed on the first electrode layer 213 in the first direction X and can be electrically connected to the first electrode layer 213.

[0370] Each of the second line 13b and the at least one third line 13c of the second conductive line 13-2 can be electrically connected to the second electrode layer 215 of the vibration structure 210. For example, the second line 13b of the second conductive line 13-2 can be bent from a side of the vibration structure 210 to the second electrode layer 215 of the vibration structure 210 and can be electrically connected to one peripheral portion of the second electrode layer 215 in the second direction Y. The at least one third line 13c of the second conductive line 13-2 can be disposed on the second electrode layer 215 in the first direction X and can be electrically connected to the second electrode layer 215.

[0371] Accordingly, the vibration device according to another embodiment of the disclosure can have the same effects as the vibration device according to the embodiment of the disclosure described above. FIG. 15 to FIG. 17The vibration device according to another embodiment of the disclosure can not need a soldering process between the vibration structure 210 and the flexible cable 230 and a patterning process of forming wires and pads in each of the first and second protective members 250 and 270 based on the integrated structure between the vibration structure 210 and the flexible cable 230, and thus, the structure of the vibration device and the process of manufacturing the vibration device can be simplified. Also, in the vibration device according to another embodiment of the disclosure, since the wires and pads are not provided in each of the first and second protective members 250 and 270, the conductive sheet (or conductive film) needs not to be placed between each of the first and second protective members 250 and 270 and the vibration structure 210, and thus, the vibration device having a thin thickness can be implemented since the conductive sheet is omitted. Also, in the vibration device according to another embodiment of the disclosure, the driving power can be directly supplied to the vibration structure 210 through the flexible cable 230, and thus, the electrical characteristics of each of the first and second electrode layers 213 and 215 provided in the vibration structure 210 can be supplemented. In the vibration device according to another embodiment of the disclosure, uniform driving power can be supplied to the vibration structure 210 through the third wire 13c of each of the first and second wires 13-1 and 13-2, and thus, uniform vibration characteristics can be implemented in the entire area of the vibration structure 210.

[0372] FIG. 20 a vibration device according to another embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated, FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view taken along FIG. 20 the line V-V'. FIG. 20 and FIG. 21 a vibration device in which a flexible cable is integrated. FIG. 7

[0373] Referring to FIG. 20 and FIG. 21 , the vibration device according to another embodiment of the disclosure can include a vibration structure 210 and a flexible cable 230.

[0374] The vibration structure 210 can include a first vibration module 210A and a second vibration module 210B which are spaced apart from and electrically disconnected (or separated or isolated) from each other.

[0375] ​According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the first vibration module 210A and the second vibration module 210B can be disposed between the first protective member 250 and the second protective member 270 so as to be spaced apart from each other in the first direction X. For example, each of the first protective member 250 and the second protective member 270 can be commonly connected to the first vibration module 210A and the second vibration module 210B, or can commonly support the first vibration module 210A and the second vibration module 210B, and thus can drive the first vibration module 210A and the second vibration module 210B as one vibration device (or a single vibration device). For example, the first vibration module 210A and the second vibration module 210B can be tiled (or integrated) in the first protective member 250 and the second protective member 270 at a certain interval, and thus can be implemented as one complete vibration device (or a single vibration device) that is not driven independently but as one complete monolithic type. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the first vibration module 210A and the second vibration module 210B can be arranged or tiled to have a separation distance (or an interval) of 0.1 mm or more and less than 3 cm, and thus can be driven as one complete vibration device, thereby increasing a reproduction band and a sound pressure level characteristic of sound generated based on complete monolithic vibration of the first vibration module 210A and the second vibration module 210B. For example, in order to increase a reproduction band of sound generated based on complete monolithic vibration of the first vibration module 210A and the second vibration module 210B and to increase a sound of a low-pitched sound band (e.g., a sound pressure level characteristic of 500 Hz or less), the first vibration module 210A and the second vibration module 210B can be arranged on the same plane (or the same layer) to have an interval of 0.1 mm or more and less than 5 mm, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0376] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, in the case where the first vibration module 210A and the second vibration module 210B are arranged at an interval of less than 0.1 mm or without an interval, the reliability of the vibration modules 210A and 210B or the vibration structure 210 can be reduced due to damage or cracks caused by physical contact occurring between them when each of the vibration modules 210A and 210B vibrates.

[0377] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, in a case where the first vibration module 210A and the second vibration module 210B are arranged at an interval of 3 cm or more, the first vibration module 210A and the second vibration module 210B can not be driven as one complete vibration device due to independent vibrations of each of the first vibration module 210A and the second vibration module 210B. Accordingly, a reproduction band of sound generated based on vibrations of the first vibration module 210A and the second vibration module 210B and a sound pressure level characteristic can be reduced. For example, in a case where the first vibration module 210A and the second vibration module 210B are arranged at an interval of 3 cm or more, a sound characteristic and a sound pressure level characteristic of a low-pitch sound band (e.g., 500 Hz or less) can each be reduced.

[0378] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, in a case where the first vibration module 210A and the second vibration module 210B are arranged at an interval of 5 mm, each of the first vibration module 210A and the second vibration module 210B can not be driven as one complete vibration device, and accordingly, a sound characteristic and a sound pressure level characteristic of a low-pitch sound band (e.g., 200 Hz or less) can each be reduced.

[0379] According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, in a case where the first vibration module 210A and the second vibration module 210B are arranged at an interval of 1 mm, each of the first vibration module 210A and the second vibration module 210B can be driven as one complete vibration device, and accordingly, a reproduction band of sound can be increased, and sound of a low-pitch sound band (e.g., a sound pressure level characteristic of 500 Hz or less) can be increased. For example, in a case where the first vibration module 210A and the second vibration module 210B are arranged at an interval of 1 mm, the vibration structure 210 can be implemented as a large-area vibrator that is enlarged based on optimization of an interval between the first vibration module 210A and the second vibration module 210B. Accordingly, the vibration structure 210 can be driven as a large-area vibrator based on complete single vibration of the first vibration module 210A and the second vibration module 210B, and thus, in a low-pitch sound band and a reproduction band of sound generated based on large-area vibration of the vibration structure 210, a sound characteristic and a sound pressure level characteristic can each be increased.

[0380] Accordingly, in order to implement the complete single vibration (or one vibration device) of the first vibration module 210A and the second vibration module 210B, the separation distance between the first vibration module 210A and the second vibration module 210B can be adjusted to be 0.1 mm or more and less than 3 cm. Also, in order to implement the complete single vibration (or one vibration device) of the first vibration module 210A and the second vibration module 210B and increase the sound pressure level characteristics of the sound of the low-pitched sound band, the separation distance between the first vibration module 210A and the second vibration module 210B can be adjusted to be 0.1 mm or more and less than 5 mm.

[0381] Each of the first vibration module 210A and the second vibration module 210B can include a piezoelectric layer 211, a first electrode layer 213, and a second electrode layer 215. The piezoelectric layer 211, the first electrode layer 213, and the second electrode layer 215 of each of the first vibration module 210A and the second vibration module 210B can be substantially the same as the piezoelectric layer 211, the first electrode layer 213, and the second electrode layer 215 of the vibration structure 210 described above with reference to FIG. 15 to FIG. 18G The piezoelectric layer 211, the first electrode layer 213, and the second electrode layer 215 of the first vibration module 210A and the second vibration module 210B described above are substantially the same as those of the vibration structure 210 described above with reference to

[0382] According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the piezoelectric layer 211 of the first vibration module 210A can be configured to be the same as any one of the piezoelectric layers 211 described above with reference to FIG. 18A to FIG. 18G According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the piezoelectric layer 211 of the first vibration module 210A can be configured to be the same as any one of the piezoelectric layers 211 described above with reference to FIG. 18A to FIG. 18G According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the piezoelectric layer 211 of the first vibration module 210A can be configured to be the same as any one of the piezoelectric layers 211 described above with reference to FIG. 18A to FIG. 18G According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the piezoelectric layer 211 of the first vibration module 210A can be configured to be the same as any one of the piezoelectric layers 211 described above with reference to

[0383] The flexible cable 230 can include a base member 11, a conductor layer 13 including first to fourth conductive lines 13-1 to 13-4, and a protective layer 15, and the first to fourth conductive lines 13-1 to 13-4 can be grouped into a first electrode group 13G1 and a second electrode group 13G2. This can be substantially the same as the flexible cable described above with reference to FIG. 7 The flexible cable 230 can include a base member 11, a conductor layer 13 including first to fourth conductive lines 13-1 to 13-4, and a protective layer 15, and the first to fourth conductive lines 13-1 to 13-4 can be grouped into a first electrode group 13G1 and a second electrode group 13G2. This can be substantially the same as the flexible cable described above with reference to

[0384] In the flexible cable 230, the second line 13b of each of the first conductive line 13-1 and the second conductive line 13-2 included in the first electrode group 13G1 can be electrically connected to the first vibration module 210A. The second line 13b of each of the third conductive line 13-3 and the fourth conductive line 13-4 included in the second electrode group 13G2 can be electrically connected to the second vibration module 210B.

[0385] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, in the first electrode group 13G1, the second wire 13b of the first lead wire 13-1 can be bent from one side of the first vibration module 210A toward the first electrode layer 213 of the first vibration module 210A and can be electrically connected to the first electrode layer 213 of the first vibration module 210A in the second direction Y. In the first electrode group 13G1, the second wire 13b of the second lead wire 13-2 can be bent from one side of the first vibration module 210A toward the second electrode layer 215 of the first vibration module 210A and can be electrically connected to the second electrode layer 215 of the first vibration module 210A in the second direction Y.

[0386] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, in the second electrode group 13G2, the second wire 13b of the third lead wire 13-3 can be bent from one side of the second vibration module 210B toward the first electrode layer 213 of the second vibration module 210B and can be electrically connected to the first electrode layer 213 of the second vibration module 210B in the second direction Y. In the second electrode group 13G2, the second wire 13b of the fourth lead wire 13-4 can be bent from one side of the second vibration module 210B toward the second electrode layer 215 of the second vibration module 210B and can be electrically connected to the second electrode layer 215 of the second vibration module 210B in the second direction Y.

[0387] Alternatively, according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, in the first electrode group 13G1, the second wire 13b of the first lead wire 13-1 can be bent from one side of the first vibration module 210A toward the second electrode layer 215 of the first vibration module 210A and can be electrically connected to the second electrode layer 215 of the first vibration module 210A in the second direction Y. The second wire 13b of the second lead wire 13-2 can be bent from one side of the first vibration module 210A toward the first electrode layer 213 of the first vibration module 210A and can be electrically connected to the first electrode layer 213 of the first vibration module 210A in the second direction Y. In the second electrode group 13G2, the second wire 13b of the third lead wire 13-3 can be bent from one side of the second vibration module 210B toward the second electrode layer 215 of the second vibration module 210B and can be electrically connected to the second electrode layer 215 of the second vibration module 210B in the second direction Y. The second wire 13b of the fourth lead wire 13-4 can be bent from one side of the second vibration module 210B toward the first electrode layer 213 of the second vibration module 210B and can be electrically connected to the first electrode layer 213 of the second vibration module 210B in the second direction Y.

[0388] Accordingly, the vibration device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure can have the same effect as FIG. 15 to FIG. 17The illustrated vibration device has the same effects as the vibration device. For example, based on the integrated structure between the vibration structure 210 and the flexible cable 230, the vibration device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure can not require a soldering process between the vibration structure 210 and the flexible cable 230 and a patterning process of forming wires and pads in each of the first protective member 250 and the second protective member 270, and thus, can simplify the structure of the vibration device and the process of manufacturing the vibration device. Also, in the vibration device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, because no wires and pads are provided in each of the first protective member 250 and the second protective member 270, a conductive sheet (or a conductive film) does not need to be placed between each of the first protective member 250 and the second protective member 270 and the vibration structure 210, and thus, because the conductive sheet is omitted, a vibration device having a thin thickness can be implemented. Also, in the vibration device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, driving power can be directly supplied to the vibration structure 210 through the flexible cable 230, and thus, the electrical characteristics of each of the first electrode layer 213 and the second electrode layer 215 provided in the vibration structure 210 can be supplemented. In the vibration device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the two vibration modules 210A and 210B can be simultaneously or individually driven by driving power supplied through one flexible cable 230, and thus, the electrical connection structure between the vibration structure 210 and the flexible cable 230 for driving the two vibration modules 210A and 210B can be simplified.

[0389] Alternatively, in the vibration device described above with reference to FIG. 20 and FIG. 21 , the flexible cable 230 can be replaced by the flexible cable described above with reference to FIG. 9 or the flexible cable described above with reference to FIG. 13 . For example, in the vibration device in which the flexible cable described above with reference to FIG. 9 is integrated, the adhesion characteristics between the vibration structure 210 and the first protective member 250 and the second protective member 270 can be enhanced by the plurality of bands 13s and the support 17 described above with reference to FIG. 9 , and defects caused by wire disconnection occurring in the manufacturing process can be minimized or prevented by the plurality of bands 13s. For example, in the vibration device in which the flexible cable described above with reference to FIG. 13 is integrated, the second wire 13b of the wire can be supported by the wire support portion 19 described above with reference to FIG. 13 , and thus, the adhesion characteristics between the vibration structure 210 and the first protective member 250 and the second protective member 270 can be enhanced, and the reliability of the flexible cable can be enhanced.

[0390] FIG. 22 A vibration device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated, and a vibration device in which FIG. 20 andFIG. 21 The vibration structure in the vibration device shown in FIG. 1 is modified in an embodiment. Thus, hereinafter, repeated descriptions of elements other than the vibration structure and elements related thereto are omitted or will be given briefly. FIG. 21 The vibration structure is shown in FIG. 1 along FIG. 22 is shown in a cross-section taken along the line V-V'.

[0391] In conjunction with FIG. 21 Referring to FIG. 22 In a vibration device according to another embodiment of the disclosure, the vibration structure 210 can include first to fourth vibration modules 210A to 210D that are electrically disconnected (or isolated) from each other and disposed separately from each other along each of the first direction X and the second direction Y. For example, the first to fourth vibration modules 210A to 210D can be arranged or tiled in a 2x2 form.

[0392] The vibration structure 210 can include the first to fourth vibration modules 210A to 210D arranged or tiled at a certain interval, and thus, the vibration structure 210 can be referred to as, for example, a vibration array structure, a vibration array portion, a tiled vibration structure, a vibration module array portion, a tiled vibration array, a tiled vibration module, or a tiled vibration membrane.

[0393] The first vibration module 210A and the second vibration module 210B can be spaced apart from each other in the first direction X. The third vibration module 210C and the fourth vibration module 210D can be spaced apart from each other in the first direction X and can be separated from each of the first vibration module 210A and the second vibration module 210B in the second direction Y. The first vibration module 210A and the third vibration module 210C can be spaced apart from each other in the second direction Y to face each other. The second vibration module 210B and the fourth vibration module 210D can be spaced apart from each other in the second direction Y to face each other.

[0394] The first to fourth vibration modules 210A to 210D can be disposed between the first protection member 250 and the second protection member 270. For example, each of the first protection member 250 and the second protection member 270 can be commonly connected to the first to fourth vibration modules 210A to 210D or can commonly support the first to fourth vibration modules 210A to 210D, and thus, can drive the first to fourth vibration modules 210A to 210D as one vibration device (or a single vibration device). For example, the first to fourth vibration modules 210A to 210D can be tiled (or integrated) in the first protection member 250 and the second protection member 270 at a certain interval, and thus, can be driven as one complete vibration device (or a single vibration device).

[0395] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the first to fourth vibration modules 210A to 210D can be arranged (or tiled) at an interval of 0.1 mm or more and less than 3 cm in each of the first direction X and the second direction Y, or can be arranged (or tiled) at an interval of 0.1 mm or more and less than 5 mm, and thus, the first to fourth vibration modules 210A to 210D are driven as one complete vibration device, or for complete single vibration or vibration of a large-area vibrator of the vibration structure 210.

[0396] Each of the first to fourth vibration modules 210A to 210D can include a piezoelectric layer 211, a first electrode layer 213, and a second electrode layer 215. The piezoelectric layer 211, the first electrode layer 213, and the second electrode layer 215 of each of the first to fourth vibration modules 210A to 210D can be substantially the same as the piezoelectric layer 211, the first electrode layer 213, and the second electrode layer 215 of the vibration structure 210 described above with reference to FIG. 15 to FIG. 18G The piezoelectric layer 211, the first electrode layer 213, and the second electrode layer 215 of each of the first to fourth vibration modules 210A to 210D can be substantially the same as the piezoelectric layer 211, the first electrode layer 213, and the second electrode layer 215 of the vibration structure 210 described above with reference to

[0397] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, each of the first to fourth vibration modules 210A to 210D can include one or more of the piezoelectric layers 211 described above with reference to FIG. 18A to FIG. 18G According to embodiments of the present disclosure, each of the first to fourth vibration modules 210A to 210D can include one or more of the piezoelectric layers 211 described above with reference to

[0398] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, some of the first to fourth vibration modules 210A to 210D and other vibration structures can include different piezoelectric layers 211 than the piezoelectric layers 211 described above with reference to FIG. 18A to FIG. 18G According to embodiments of the present disclosure, some of the first to fourth vibration modules 210A to 210D and other vibration structures can include different piezoelectric layers 211 than the piezoelectric layers 211 described above with reference to

[0399] The flexible cable 230 can include the base member 11, the conductor layer 13 including the first to fourth conductive lines 13-1 to 13-4, and the protective layer 15, and the first to fourth conductive lines 13-1 to 13-4 can be grouped into the first electrode group 13G1 and the second electrode group 13G2. This can be substantially the same as the flexible cable described above with reference to FIG. 7 The piezoelectric layer 211, the first electrode layer 213, and the second electrode layer 215 of each of the first to fourth vibration modules 210A to 210D can be substantially the same as the piezoelectric layer 211, the first electrode layer 213, and the second electrode layer 215 of the vibration structure 210 described above with reference to

[0400] In the flexible cable 230, the second line 13b of each of the first conductive line 13-1 and the second conductive line 13-2 included in the first electrode group 13G1 can be electrically (or commonly) connected to each of the first vibration module 210A and the third vibration module 210C. The second line 13b of each of the third conductive line 13-3 and the fourth conductive line 13-4 included in the second electrode group 13G2 can be electrically (or commonly) connected to each of the second vibration module 210B and the fourth vibration module 210D.

[0401] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, in the first electrode group 13G1, the second wire 13b of the first lead wire 13-1 can be bent from one side of the first vibration module 210A to the first electrode layer 213 of each of the first vibration module 210A and the third vibration module 210C, and can be electrically connected to the first electrode layer 213 of each of the first vibration module 210A and the third vibration module 210C in the second direction Y. The second wire 13b of the second lead wire 13-2 can be bent from one side of the first vibration module 210A to the second electrode layer 215 of each of the first vibration module 210A and the third vibration module 210C, and can be electrically connected to the second electrode layer 215 of each of the first vibration module 210A and the third vibration module 210C in the second direction Y.

[0402] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, in the second electrode group 13G2, the second wire 13b of the third lead wire 13-3 can be bent from one side of the second vibration module 210B to the first electrode layer 213 of each of the second vibration module 210B and the fourth vibration module 210D, and can be electrically connected to the first electrode layer 213 of each of the second vibration module 210B and the fourth vibration module 210D in the second direction Y. The second wire 13b of the fourth lead wire 13-4 can be bent from one side of the second vibration module 210B to the second electrode layer 215 of each of the second vibration module 210B and the fourth vibration module 210D, and can be electrically connected to the second electrode layer 215 of each of the second vibration module 210B and the fourth vibration module 210D in the second direction Y.

[0403] Alternatively, according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, in the first electrode group 13G1, the second wire 13b of the first lead wire 13-1 can be bent from one side of the first vibration module 210A to the second electrode layer 215 of each of the first vibration module 210A and the third vibration module 210C, and can be electrically connected to the second electrode layer 215 of each of the first vibration module 210A and the third vibration module 210C in the second direction Y. The second wire 13b of the second lead wire 13-2 can be bent from one side of the first vibration module 210A to the first electrode layer 213 of each of the first vibration module 210A and the third vibration module 210C, and can be electrically connected to the first electrode layer 213 of each of the first vibration module 210A and the third vibration module 210C in the second direction Y. In the second electrode group 13G2, the second wire 13b of the third lead wire 13-3 can be bent from one side of the second vibration module 210B to the second electrode layer 215 of each of the second vibration module 210B and the fourth vibration module 210D, and can be electrically connected to the second electrode layer 215 of each of the second vibration module 210B and the fourth vibration module 210D in the second direction Y. The second wire 13b of the fourth lead wire 13-4 can be bent from one side of the second vibration module 210B to the first electrode layer 213 of each of the second vibration module 210B and the fourth vibration module 210D, and can be electrically connected to the first electrode layer 213 of the second vibration module 210B in the second direction Y.

[0404] Accordingly, the vibration device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure can have the same effects as the vibration device illustrated in FIG. 20 Further, in the vibration device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the four vibration modules 210A to 210D can be simultaneously driven by the driving power provided through one flexible cable 230, and thus, an electrical connection structure between the flexible cable 230 and the vibration structure 210 for driving the four vibration modules 210A to 210D can be simplified.

[0405] Alternatively, in the vibration device described above with reference to FIG. 21 and FIG. 22 , the flexible cable 230 can be replaced by the flexible cable described above with reference to FIG. 9 or the flexible cable described above with reference to FIG. 13 . For example, in the vibration device in which the flexible cable described above with reference to FIG. 9 is integrated, the adhesion properties between the vibration structure 210 and the first protection member 250 and the second protection member 270 can be enhanced by the plurality of bands 13s and the support 17 described above with reference to FIG. 9 , and defects caused by lead breakage occurring in a manufacturing process can be minimized or prevented by the plurality of bands 13s. For example, in the vibration device in which the flexible cable described above with reference to FIG. 13In the vibration device of the flexible cable, the second wire 13b of the conductor can be referenced above. FIG. 13 The described line support 19 provides support, thereby enhancing the adhesive properties between the vibration structure 210 and the first protective member 250 and the second protective member 270, and improving the reliability of the flexible cable.

[0406] FIG. 23 A vibration device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. FIG. 24 It is along FIG. 23 The cross-sectional view shown is taken from line VI-VI'. This is achieved by using... FIG. 12 The flexible cable shown is used instead FIG. 22 An embodiment constructed using a flexible cable for a vibration device.

[0407] refer to FIG. 23 and FIG. 24 In another embodiment of the vibration device according to this disclosure, the vibration structure 210 may include first to fourth vibration modules 210A to 210D, which are spaced apart from each other in the first direction X and the second direction Y and electrically disconnected (or isolated) from each other. The vibration structure 210 may be related to the above-mentioned... FIG. 22 The vibration structure 210 described is basically the same, so its repeated description is omitted.

[0408] In another embodiment of the vibration device according to this disclosure, the flexible cable 230 may include a base member 11, a conductor layer 13 including a first conductor 13-1 and a second conductor 13-2, and a protective layer 15. Each of the first conductor 13-1 and the second conductor 13-2 may include a first wire 13a disposed on the base member 11, a second wire 13b extending from the first wire 13a along a second direction Y via a side surface 11s of the base member 11 to the vibration structure 210, and third-1 wire portions 13c-1 and 3-2 wire portions 13c-2 projecting from the second wire 13b parallel to the first direction X. In the flexible cable 230, elements other than the third-1 wire portions 13c-1 and 3-2 wire portions 13c-2 may be referenced above. FIG. 12 The first and second conductors 13-1 to 13-2 are substantially the same, therefore, their repeated descriptions are omitted.

[0409] In another embodiment of the flexible cable 230 according to the present disclosure, the second wire 13b of each of the first conductor 13-1 and the second conductor 13-2 may be electrically (or together) connected to each of the first vibration module 210A and the third vibration module 210C arranged (or laid flat) in the vibration structure 210.

[0410] According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the second wire 13b (or the first finger wire) of the first wire 13-1 can be bent from one side of the first vibration module 210A to the first electrode layer 213 of each of the first vibration module 210A and the third vibration module 210C, and can be electrically connected to the first electrode layer 213 of each of the first vibration module 210A and the third vibration module 210C in the second direction Y. The second wire 13b (or the second finger wire) of the second wire 13-2 can be bent from one side of the first vibration module 210A to the second electrode layer 215 of each of the first vibration module 210A and the third vibration module 210C, and can be electrically connected to the second electrode layer 215 of each of the first vibration module 210A and the third vibration module 210C in the second direction Y.

[0411] According to another embodiment of the disclosure, the second wire 13b (or the first finger wire) of the first wire 13-1 can be bent from one side of the first vibration module 210A to the second electrode layer 215 of each of the first vibration module 210A and the third vibration module 210C, and can be electrically connected to the second electrode layer 215 of each of the first vibration module 210A and the third vibration module 210C in the second direction Y. The second wire 13b (or the second finger wire) of the second wire 13-2 can be bent from one side of the first vibration module 210A to the first electrode layer 213 of each of the first vibration module 210A and the third vibration module 210C, and can be electrically connected to the first electrode layer 213 of each of the first vibration module 210A and the third vibration module 210C in the second direction Y.

[0412] According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the 3-1 wire portion 13c-1 can extend from each of the second wire 13b (or the first finger wire) of the first wire 13-1 and the second wire 13b (or the second finger wire) of the second wire 13-2 in the first direction X, and can be electrically connected to the first vibration module 210A and the second vibration module 210B.

[0413] The 3-1 line portion 13c-1 according to the embodiment of the disclosure can include at least one 1-1 wing line 13c11 extending from one side wall of the second line 13b (or the first finger line) of the first lead line 13-1 in the first direction X and electrically connected to the first vibration module 210A, and at least one 1-2 wing line 13c12 extending from the other side wall of the second line 13b of the first lead line 13-1 in the first direction X and electrically connected to each of the first vibration module 210A and the second vibration module 210B. The 3-1 line portion 13c-1 can include at least one 2-1 wing line 13c21 extending from one side wall of the second line 13b (or the second finger line) of the second lead line 13-2 in the first direction X and electrically connected to the first vibration module 210A, and at least one 2-2 wing line 13c22 extending from the other side wall of the second line 13b of the second lead line 13-2 in the first direction X and electrically connected to each of the first vibration module 210A and the second vibration module 210B.

[0414] According to the embodiment of the disclosure, when the second line 13b of the first lead line 13-1 is electrically connected to the first electrode layer 213 of the first vibration module 210A and the second line 13b of the second lead line 13-2 is electrically connected to the second electrode layer 215 of the first vibration module 210A, the at least one 1-1 wing line 13c11 can be electrically connected to the first electrode layer 213 of the first vibration module 210A, and the at least one 1-2 wing line 13c12 can be electrically connected to the first electrode layer 213 of each of the first vibration module 210A and the second vibration module 210B. The at least one 2-1 wing line 13c21 can be electrically connected to the second electrode layer 215 of the first vibration module 210A, and the at least one 2-2 wing line 13c22 can be electrically connected to the second electrode layer 215 of each of the first vibration module 210A and the second vibration module 210B.

[0415] According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the 3-2 line portion 13c-2 can extend from the second line 13b (or the first finger line) of the first lead line 13-1 and the second line 13b (or the second finger line) of the second lead line 13-2 in the first direction X, and can be electrically connected to the third vibration module 210C and the fourth vibration module 210D.

[0416] The 3-2 line portion 13c-2 according to the embodiment of the disclosure can include at least one 3-1 wing line 13c31 extending from one side wall of the second line 13b (or the first finger line) of the first lead wire 13-1 in the first direction X and electrically connected to the third vibration module 210C, and at least one 3-2 wing line 13c32 extending from the other side wall of the second line 13b of the first lead wire 13-1 in the first direction X and electrically connected to each of the third vibration module 210C and the fourth vibration module 210D. The 3-2 line portion 13c-2 can include at least one 4-1 wing line 13c41 extending from one side wall of the second line 13b (or the second finger line) of the second lead wire 13-2 in the first direction X and electrically connected to the second vibration module 210B, and at least one 4-2 wing line 13c42 extending from the other side wall of the second line 13b of the second lead wire 13-2 in the first direction X and electrically connected to each of the third vibration module 210C and the fourth vibration module 210D.

[0417] According to the embodiment of the disclosure, when the second line 13b of the first lead wire 13-1 is electrically connected to the first electrode layer 213 of the third vibration module 210C and the second line 13b of the second lead wire 13-2 is electrically connected to the second electrode layer 215 of the third vibration module 210C, the at least one 3-1 wing line 13c31 can be electrically connected to the first electrode layer 213 of the third vibration module 210C, and the at least one 3-2 wing line 13c32 can be electrically connected to the first electrode layer 213 of each of the third vibration module 210C and the fourth vibration module 210D. The at least one 4-1 wing line 13c41 can be electrically connected to the second electrode layer 215 of the third vibration module 210C, and the at least one 4-2 wing line 13c42 can be electrically connected to the second electrode layer 215 of each of the third vibration module 210C and the fourth vibration module 210D.

[0418] Accordingly, in the vibration device according to another embodiment of the disclosure, the four vibration modules 210A to 210D can be simultaneously driven by the driving power supplied through the second line 13b and the 3-1 line portion 13c-1 and the 3-2 line portion 13c-2 of each of the first lead wire 13-1 and the second lead wire 13-2 arranged in one flexible cable 230. Accordingly, it is possible to simplify the electrical connection structure between the flexible cable 230 and the vibration structure 210 for driving the four vibration modules 210A to 210D. Furthermore, in the vibration device according to another embodiment of the disclosure, it is possible to reduce the number of terminals provided in one flexible cable 230 for driving the four vibration modules 210A to 210D.

[0419] As another example of the disclosure, in the above description with reference to FIG. 23 and FIG. 24The flexible cable 230 can further include the wire support portion 19 described above with reference to FIG. 13 The wire support portion 19 of the flexible cable described above. Accordingly, in the vibration device according to another embodiment of the disclosure, the second wire 13b and each of the third-1 wire portion 13c-1 and the third-2 wire portion 13c-2 of each of the first wire 13-1 and the second wire 13-2 can be supported by the wire support portion 19 described above with reference to FIG. 13 The wire support portion 19 described above. Accordingly, the adhesion property between the vibration structure 210 and the first protection member 250 and the second protection member 270 can be enhanced, and the reliability of the flexible cable can be enhanced.

[0420] FIG. 25 A display device according to an embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated, FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view taken along FIG. 25 the line VII-VII' shown.

[0421] Referring to FIG. 25 and FIG. 26 , the display device according to an embodiment of the disclosure can include a display panel 100 and a vibration device 200 on a rear surface of the display panel 100. The "rear surface" can mean a surface of the display panel 100 opposite to a front surface of the display panel 100 including a display area for displaying an image.

[0422] The display panel 100 can display an electronic image or a digital image. For example, the display panel 100 can be configured to output light to display an image.

[0423] According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the display panel 100 can be a curved display panel, or can be any type of display panel such as a liquid crystal display panel, an organic light emitting display panel, a quantum dot light emitting display panel, a micro light emitting diode display panel, an electrophoretic display panel, and an electrowetting display panel. According to another embodiment of the disclosure, the display panel 100 can be a flexible display panel. For example, the display panel 100 can be a flexible liquid crystal display panel, a flexible organic light emitting display panel, a flexible quantum dot light emitting display, a flexible micro light emitting diode display panel, a flexible electrophoretic display panel, or a flexible electrowetting display panel, but embodiments of the disclosure are not limited thereto. According to another embodiment of the disclosure, the display panel 100 can be a display panel having an integrated touch panel. For example, the display panel having an integrated touch panel can include a touch panel attached on the display panel, or can include a touch electrode layer disposed in the display panel.

[0424] The display panel 100 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can include a display area that displays an image based on driving of a plurality of pixels arranged on a substrate, and a non-display area that surrounds the display area. For example, the display panel 100 can be implemented based on a bezel-less (or less bezel) structure such that the entire front surface of the substrate is implemented as the display area without the non-display area. For example, the display panel 100 can be a transparent display panel including a light transmission portion provided in at least one of the plurality of pixels.

[0425] The display panel 100 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can include a pixel array layer (or a display unit) including an anode electrode, a cathode electrode, and a light emitting device layer. The display panel 100 can be configured to display an image in a type such as a top emission type, a bottom emission type, or a dual emission type based on a structure of the pixel array layer. For example, in the top emission type, an image can be displayed by outputting visible light generated from the pixel array layer to a forward area in front of a base substrate of the display panel 100. In the bottom emission type, an image can be displayed by outputting visible light generated from the pixel array layer to a backward area at a rear of the base substrate of the display panel 100. The micro light emitting diode device can be a light emitting diode implemented as an integrated circuit (IC) or a chip type, and can include a first terminal electrically connected to the anode electrode and a second terminal electrically connected to the cathode electrode. The cathode electrode can be commonly connected to a light emitting device of the light emitting device layer provided in each pixel area.

[0426] The display panel 100 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can include a curved portion that can be curved or bent to have a curved shape or a specific radius of curvature.

[0427] The curved portion of the display panel 100 can be implemented in at least one of one periphery (or edge) and another periphery of the display panel 100 that are parallel to each other. One periphery and / or another periphery of the display panel 100 in which the curved portion is implemented can include only a non-display area, or can include both a non-display area and a display area periphery (or edge). For example, the display panel 100 including the curved portion implemented by curving the non-display area can have a single-sided bezel bending structure or a double-sided bezel bending structure. Also, the display panel 100 including the curved portion implemented by the non-display area and a periphery (or edge) of the curved display area can have a single-sided active bending structure or a double-sided active bending structure.

[0428] The display apparatus according to an embodiment of the disclosure can further include a support member 300 disposed at a rear surface of the display panel 100 and a panel connection member 400 disposed between the display panel 100 and the support member 300.

[0429] The support member 300 can be referred to as, for example, a cover bottom, a plate bottom, a back cover, a base frame, a metal frame, a metal chassis, a chassis base, or an m-chassis. Accordingly, the support member 300 can be a support that supports the display panel 100, and can be implemented as an arbitrary type of frame or plate structure on the rear surface of the display device. The support member 300 can be a rear surface structure or a rear portion structure.

[0430] The support member 300 can cover the rear surface of the display panel 100. For example, the support member 300 can cover the entire rear surface of the display panel 100 with a gap space GS therebetween. For example, the support member 300 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can include at least one of a glass material, a metal material, and a plastic material. For example, the periphery or the sharp corner of the support member 300 can have an inclined shape or a curved shape, for example, through a chamfering process or a rounding process. For example, the support member 300 of the glass material can be sapphire glass. For example, the support member 300 of the metal material can include one or more of aluminum (Al), an aluminum alloy, magnesium (Mg), a magnesium alloy, and an iron (Fe)-nickel (Ni) alloy.

[0431] The support member 300 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can additionally cover the side surface of the display panel 100. For example, the support member 300 can include a rear portion 310 that covers the rear surface of the display panel 100 with a gap space GS therebetween, and a side portion 330 that is connected to an end of the rear portion 310 and covers the side surface of the display panel 100. However, embodiments of the disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the rear portion 310 and the side portion 330 of the support member 300 can be integrated as one.

[0432] The side portion 330 can be implemented as a separate intermediate frame that is coupled (or connected) to the rear portion 310. For example, the side portion 330 implemented as the intermediate frame can cover the support member 300, and for example, can cover all of the side surface of the display panel 100 and the side surface of the rear portion 310. For example, the side portion 330 implemented as the intermediate frame can include a material that is the same as or different from the material of the support member 300 among a metal material and a plastic material.

[0433] The support member 300 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can be coupled (or connected) to the rear periphery (or rear edge) of the display panel 100 using a panel connection member 400. For example, the panel connection member 400 can be disposed between the rear periphery of the display panel 100 and the periphery (or edge) of the support member 300, and can attach the display panel 100 to the support member 300. The panel connection member 400 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can be implemented with a double-sided tape, a single-sided tape, or a double-sided adhesive foam pad, but embodiments of the disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0434] The display apparatus according to an embodiment of the disclosure can further include a front member 500 covering at least a portion of or only a portion of a periphery (or edge) of a front surface of the display panel 100. The front member 500 can have a frame shape that can include an opening overlapping with a display area of the display panel 100. For example, the front member 500 can be coupled (or connected) to the side portion 330 or the middle frame of the support member 300 and can cover the periphery of the front surface of the display panel 100, thereby supporting or fixing the display panel 100. The front member 500 can be at the periphery of the front surface of the display panel 100 and can be directly exposed (visible) to a user (or viewer). Accordingly, an aesthetic design appearance of the display apparatus can be degraded, and a bezel width of the display apparatus can be increased. To address this issue, the display panel 100 can be coupled (or connected) to the support member 300 through the panel connection member 400. Accordingly, the front member 500 can be omitted (or removed), thereby reducing the bezel width of the display apparatus and enhancing the aesthetic design appearance of the display apparatus.

[0435] The vibration device 200 can be disposed or coupled (or connected) to a rear surface (or back surface) of the display panel 100. The vibration device 200 can be attached to the rear surface of the display panel 100 through the adhesive member 150.

[0436] The adhesive member 150 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can be located between the rear surface of the display panel 100 and the vibration device 200. For example, the adhesive member 150 can include an adhesive or a double-sided tape including an adhesive layer having a good adhesive force or attachment force between the vibration device 200 and the rear surface of the display panel 100. For example, the adhesive layer of the adhesive member 150 can include one or more of an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, a silicone resin, or a polyurethane, but embodiments are not limited thereto. The adhesive layer of the adhesive member 150 can further include an additive such as a tackifier or an adhesion enhancer, a wax component, or an antioxidant.

[0437] The adhesive member 150 according to another embodiment of the disclosure can further include a hollow portion between the display panel 100 and the vibration device 200. The hollow portion of the adhesive member 150 can provide an air gap between the display panel 100 and the vibration device 200. Due to the air gap, a sound wave (or sound pressure) based on vibration of the vibration device 200 can not be dispersed by the adhesive member 150 and can be concentrated on the display panel 100. Accordingly, a vibration loss caused by the adhesive member 150 can be minimized or reduced, thereby increasing a sound pressure level characteristic of a sound generated based on vibration of the display panel 100.

[0438] The vibration device 200 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can be implemented as a thin film type. The vibration device 200 can have a thickness thinner than the display panel 100. Accordingly, the thickness of the display panel 100 can not increase despite the presence of the vibration device 200. The vibration device 200 can be referred to as, for example, a vibration apparatus, a sound generating device, a sound generating module, a film actuator, a film type piezoelectric composite actuator, a film speaker, a film type piezoelectric speaker, a film type piezoelectric composite speaker, or an ultrasonic transmission and reception device, each of which uses the display panel 100 as a vibration plate, but the term is not limited thereto.

[0439] The vibration device 200 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can include one or more of the vibration devices described above with reference to FIG. 15 to FIG. 24 and thus a repetitive description thereof is omitted.

[0440] The vibration device 200 including one or more of the vibration devices described above with reference to FIG. 15 to FIG. 24 may be disposed on a rear surface of the display panel 100 to overlap with a display area of the display panel 100. For example, a vibration structure of the vibration device 200 can overlap with half or more of the display area of the display panel 100. As another example, the vibration structure of the vibration device 200 can overlap with the entire display area of the display panel 100.

[0441] The vibration device 200 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can vibrate according to an electrical signal applied through the flexible cable 230 to vibrate the display panel 100. For example, the vibration device 200 can vibrate according to an electrical signal applied through the flexible cable 230 to directly vibrate the display panel 100. As one example, the vibration device 200 can vibrate according to a voice signal synchronized with an image displayed by the display panel 100 to vibrate the display panel 100. As another example, the vibration device 200 can vibrate according to a haptic feedback signal (or a tactile feedback signal) synchronized with a user touch applied to a touch panel (or a touch sensor layer) disposed on or embedded into the display panel 100 to vibrate the display panel 100. Accordingly, the display panel 100 can vibrate based on the vibration of the vibration device 200 to provide at least one or more of a sound and a haptic feedback to a user (or a viewer). Embodiments are not limited to the above-described examples.

[0442] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, when an alternating current (AC) voltage is applied to the inorganic material portion (or the first portion(s)) disposed in the vibration structure, the inorganic material portion can vibrate by alternately repeating contraction and expansion based on a converse piezoelectric effect, and thus the vibration device 200 can provide sound and / or haptic feedback to a user by vibrating the display panel 100 by means of the vibration thereof. For example, the vibration device 200 can cover a large portion of the display panel 100. Also, the vibration generated by the vibration device 200 can vibrate the entire display panel 100. Thus, the localization of sound generated by the vibration device 200 can be higher, and the satisfaction of a user can be improved. Also, the contact area (or panel coverage) between the display panel 100 and the vibration device 200 can be increased. Thus, the vibration area of the display panel 100 can be increased, thereby improving the sound of a mid-tone and / or bass band generated based on the vibration of the display panel 100. Also, in a large-sized display apparatus, the entire display panel 100 having a large size (or a large area) can vibrate. Thus, the localization of sound based on the vibration of the display panel 100 can be further enhanced, thereby implementing a stereo effect.

[0443] The vibration device 200 according to embodiments of the present disclosure can be on the rear surface of the display panel 100 to sufficiently vibrate the display panel 100 in a vertical (or front-rear) direction (or a lateral direction with respect to the display panel), thereby outputting desired sound to a forward region FD in front of the display apparatus. Also, the vibration device 200 can include an inorganic material portion and an organic material portion. Thus, the area (or size) of the vibration device 200 can be increased infinitely, whereby the panel coverage of the vibration device 200 with respect to the display panel 100 can be increased to enhance the sound characteristics of sound based on the vibration of the display panel 100. Also, the vibration device 200 can be slimmed to be a film type, thereby minimizing or reducing or preventing an increase in driving voltage. For example, the vibration device 200 can be configured to have a wide area having the same size as that of the display panel 100. Thus, the sound pressure characteristics of a bass band, which is a disadvantage of a film type piezoelectric material (e.g., a piezoelectric material in which a plurality of layers are stacked), can be improved, and the driving voltage can be reduced. Also, the vibration device 200 according to embodiments of the present disclosure can include an inorganic material portion and an organic material portion, and can be implemented to be a film type. Thus, the vibration device 200 can be integrated or fitted in a display apparatus or a vibration plate without being disturbed by another element of the vibration plate or the display apparatus.

[0444] Accordingly, the display apparatus according to the embodiment of the disclosure can output a sound generated by the vibration of the display panel 100 based on the vibration of the vibration device 200 on the forward region FD of the display panel. Also, in the display apparatus according to the embodiment of the disclosure, a majority of the region of the display panel 100 can be vibrated by a large-area vibration device having a membrane type, thereby more enhancing a sound localization sense and a sound pressure level characteristic of a sound based on the vibration of the display panel 100 or the vibration plate.

[0445] FIG. 27 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VII-VII' shown in FIG. 25 and illustrates an embodiment of the vibration device in the display apparatus shown in FIG. 26 Accordingly, hereinafter, a repeated description of elements other than the vibration device and elements related thereto is omitted or will be briefly given.

[0446] In conjunction with FIG. 25 Referring to FIG. 27 In the display apparatus according to another embodiment of the disclosure, a rear surface (or back surface) of the display panel 100 can include a first region (or first rear region) A1 and a second region (or second rear region) A2. For example, the rear surface of the display panel 100 can be divided into the first region A1 and the second region A2. For example, in the rear surface of the display panel 100, the first region A1 can be a left rear region, and the second region A2 can be a right rear region. Here, the terms "left" and "right" are used for convenience of explanation and are interchangeable as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The first region A1 and the second region A2 can be left-right symmetrical (or bilaterally symmetrical) about a center line CL of the display panel 100 in the first direction X, but embodiments are not limited thereto. For example, each of the first region A1 and the second region A2 can overlap with a display region of the display panel 100.

[0447] The vibration device 200 according to the embodiment of the disclosure can include a first vibration device 200-1 and a second vibration device 200-2 disposed in a rear surface of the display panel 100.

[0448] The first vibration device 200-1 can be disposed in the first area A1 of the display panel 100. For example, the first vibration device 200-1 can be arranged to be close to the center or the periphery (or the edge) in the first area A1 of the display panel 100 based on the first direction X. The first vibration device 200-1 according to the embodiment of the disclosure can directly vibrate the first area A1 of the display panel 100, and thus can generate a first vibration sound or a first haptic feedback in the first area A1 of the display panel 100. For example, the first vibration sound can be a left sound. Based on a characteristic of the first vibration sound or a sound characteristic required for the display apparatus, the size of the first vibration device 200-1 according to the embodiment of the disclosure can have a size corresponding to half or less of the first area A1 or half or more of the first area A1.

[0449] The second vibration device 200-2 can be disposed in the second area A2 of the display panel 100. For example, the second vibration device 200-2 can be arranged to be close to the center or the periphery (or the edge) in the second area A2 of the display panel 100 based on the first direction X. The second vibration device 200-2 according to the embodiment of the disclosure can directly vibrate the second area A2 of the display panel 100, and thus can generate a second vibration sound or a second haptic feedback in the second area A2 of the display panel 100. For example, the second vibration sound can be a right sound. Based on a characteristic of the second vibration sound or a sound characteristic required for the display apparatus, the size of the second vibration device 200-2 according to the embodiment of the disclosure can have a size corresponding to half or less of the second area A2 or half or more of the second area A2. For example, the first vibration device 200-1 and the second vibration device 200-2 can have the same size or different sizes from each other based on a stereo characteristic of the display apparatus and / or a sound characteristic of left and right sounds, and can be disposed in a structure that is symmetric or asymmetric about the center line CL of the display panel 100.

[0450] Each of the first vibration device 200-1 and the second vibration device 200-2 can include one or more of the vibration devices 200 described above, and thus a detailed description thereof is omitted. FIG. 15 to FIG. 24

[0451] The piezoelectric layer of the vibration structure included in the first vibration device 200-1 and the piezoelectric layer of the vibration structure included in the second vibration device 200-2 can be the same or different. For example, based on a sound characteristic required for the display apparatus, the piezoelectric layer of each of the first vibration device 200-1 and the second vibration device 200-2 can include the same piezoelectric layer 211 as one or more of the piezoelectric layers 211 described above with reference to FIG. 18A to FIG. 18G

[0452] ​​Each of the first vibration device 200-1 and the second vibration device 200-2 can be attached (or connected) on the rear surface of the display panel 100 by the adhesive member 150.

[0453] The adhesive member 150 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can be located between each of the first vibration device 200-1 and the second vibration device 200-2 and the rear surface of the display panel 100. The adhesive member 150 can be substantially the same as the adhesive member 150 described above with reference to FIG. 25 and FIG. 26 described above, and thus, a repeated description thereof will be omitted.

[0454] Accordingly, the display apparatus according to another embodiment of the disclosure can output the left sound and the right sound to the forward region FD in front of the display panel 100 by the first vibration device 200-1 and the second vibration device 200-2, to provide a stereo sound or a sound to a user.

[0455] FIG. 28 A display apparatus according to another embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated, and an embodiment in which a partition is further configured in the FIG. 27 display apparatus illustrated above is illustrated. Accordingly, hereinafter, a repeated description of elements other than the partition and elements related thereto will be omitted or will be briefly given.

[0456] In connection with FIG. 27 with reference to FIG. 28 , the display apparatus according to another embodiment of the disclosure can further include a partition 600 for dividing the first region A1 and the second region A2 of the display panel 100.

[0457] The partition 600 can be an air gap or a space in which a sound is generated when the display panel 100 is vibrated by the first vibration device 200-1 and the second vibration device 200-2. For example, the partition 600 can separate a sound or a passage, and can minimize or prevent or reduce a decrease in a sound characteristic caused by sound interference. The partition 600 can be disposed between the display panel 100 and the support member 300. For example, the partition 600 can be disposed between the rear surface of the display panel 100 and the front surface of the support member 300. The partition 600 can be disposed on the support member 300 to minimize or reduce an influence on an image quality of the display panel 100 due to the partition 600. The partition 600 can be referred to as a sound blocking member, a sound separating member, a space separating member, an enclosure, or a baffle, but these terms are not limited thereto.

[0458] The partition 600 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can include a first partition member 610 and a second partition member 620 between the first vibration device 200-1 and the second vibration device 200-2.

[0459] The first and second partition members 610 and 620 can be located between the display panel 100 and the support member 300 corresponding to a central region (or middle region) of the display panel 100. The first and second partition members 610 and 620 can partition the first and second vibration sounds respectively generated by the first and second vibration devices 200-1 and 200-2. For example, the first and second partition members 610 and 620 can reduce, block, or prevent the vibration generated by the first vibration device 200-1 in the first region A1 of the display panel 100 from being transmitted to the second region A2 of the display panel 100, or can reduce, block, or prevent the vibration generated by the second vibration device 200-2 in the second region A2 of the display panel 100 from being transmitted to the first region A1 of the display panel 100. Accordingly, the first and second partition members 610 and 620 can attenuate or absorb the vibration of the display panel 100 in the center of the display panel 100. Accordingly, the first and second partition members 610 and 620 can reduce, block, or prevent the sound of the first region A1 from being transmitted to the second region A2, or can reduce, block, or prevent the sound of the second region A2 from being transmitted to the first region A1. Accordingly, the first and second partition members 610 and 620 can partition the left and right sounds to further enhance the sound output characteristics of the display apparatus. Accordingly, the display apparatus according to an embodiment of the disclosure can partition the left and right sounds by the first and second partition members 610 and 620 to output a binaural stereo sound to the forward region FD in front of the display panel 100.

[0460] For example, the partition 600 can include a material having an elastic force capable of being compressed to some extent. For example, the partition 600 can include polyurethane, polyolefin, or the like, but embodiments are not limited thereto. As another example, the partition 600 can include a single-sided tape, a single-sided foam pad, a double-sided tape, a double-sided foam tape, or a double-sided foam pad, or the like, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0461] As another example, any one of the first and second partition members 610 and 620 can be omitted. For example, only one of the first and second partition members 610 and 620 can be configured. For example, even when any one of the first and second partition members 610 and 620 is located between the first and second vibration devices 200-1 and 200-2, the left and right sounds can be separated from each other. For example, when the second partition member 620 of the first and second partition members 610 and 620 is omitted, the first partition member 610 can be disposed between the display panel 100 and the support member 300 to correspond to the rear center line CL of the display panel 100.

[0462] Accordingly, the first and / or second partitioning members 610 and 620 can partition left and right sounds to further enhance the sound output characteristics of the display apparatus. The display apparatus including the first and / or second partitioning members 610 and 620 can partition left and right sounds by the first and / or second partitioning members 610 and 620 to output a two-channel stereo sound to a forward area in front of the display panel 100.

[0463] The partition 600 according to the embodiment of the disclosure can further include a third partitioning member 630 between the display panel 100 and the support member 300. For example, the partition 600 can further include the third partitioning member 630 interposed between the display panel 100 and the support member 300.

[0464] The third partitioning member 630 can be disposed along a space between a rear periphery (or a rear edge) of the display panel 100 and a front periphery (or a front edge) of the support member 300 to surround all of the first and second vibration devices 200-1 and 200-2. The third partitioning member 630 can be referred to as an edge partition, a sound blocking member, an edge enclosure, or an edge baffle, but the term is not limited thereto. As an example, the third partitioning member 630 can be adjacent to or in contact with the panel connecting member 400 as illustrated, and can be surrounded by the panel connecting member 400. As another example, the third partitioning member 630 can be integrated with the panel connecting member 400. FIG. 26

[0465] The third partitioning member 630 can provide first to third air gaps AG1 to AG3 between the display panel 100 and the support member 300 together with the first and second partitioning members 610 and 620. For example, each of the first to third air gaps AG1 to AG3 can be referred to as a vibration space, a sound pressure space, a sound box, a sound portion, a resonance box, or a resonance portion, but the term is not limited thereto.

[0466] The first air gap AG1 can be disposed in a first area A1 of the display panel 100 surrounded by the first partitioning member 610 and the third partitioning member 630.

[0467] The second air gap AG2 can be disposed in a second area A2 of the display panel 100 surrounded by the second partitioning member 620 and the third partitioning member 630.

[0468] ​The third air gap AG3 can be disposed in a third region (or a rear central region) of the display panel 100 surrounded by the first and second partition members 610 and 620 and the third partition member 630. For example, the third air gap AG3 can be disposed between the second air gap AG2 and the first air gap AG1, including the rear center line CL of the display panel 100. The third air gap AG3 can be referred to as a sound separation space, a sound blocking space, or a sound interference prevention space, but the term is not limited thereto. The third air gap AG3 can spatially separate the first air gap AG1 from the second air gap AG2. Accordingly, the third air gap AG3 can reduce or prevent a resonance phenomenon or an interference phenomenon generated in a certain frequency band in each of the first air gap AG1 and the second air gap AG2.

[0469] The first vibration device 200-1 can be surrounded by the first partition member 610 and the third partition member 630 that provide the first air gap AG1. The second vibration device 200-2 can be surrounded by the second partition member 620 and the third partition member 630 that provide the second air gap AG2.

[0470] When either one of the first and second partition members 610 and 620 is omitted, the third air gap AG3 can be omitted.

[0471] Accordingly, the third partition member 630 can surround a region between the display panel 100 and the support member 300, and can surround each of the first and second vibration devices 200-1 and 200-2, respectively, together with the first and second partition members 610 and 620 to secure a vibration space of each of the first and second vibration devices 200-1 and 200-2. Accordingly, the third partition member 630 can enhance a sound pressure level characteristic of left and right sounds. In addition, the third partition member 630 can reduce or prevent sound or a sound pressure level from leaking to the outside through a side surface between the display panel 100 and the support member 300, thereby further enhancing a sound output characteristic of the display apparatus.

[0472] The partition 600 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can further include a fourth partition member 640 and a fifth partition member 650. The fourth partition member (or a first housing) 640 can surround the first vibration device 200-1. The fifth partition member (or a second housing) 650 can surround the second vibration device 200-2.

[0473] The fourth partition member 640 can be disposed between the display panel 100 and the support member 300 to correspond to the first air gap AG1, and can individually (or independently) surround the first vibration device 200-1. The fourth partition member 640 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can have a rectangular shape surrounding the first vibration device 200-1, but embodiments are not limited thereto. For example, the fourth partition member 640 can have a shape identical to or different from the overall shape of the first vibration device 200-1. For example, when the first vibration device 200-1 has a rectangular shape, the fourth partition member 640 can have a rectangular shape having a size relatively greater than that of the first vibration device 200-1. For example, when the first vibration device 200-1 has a square shape, the fourth partition member 640 can have a square shape, a circular shape, or an oval shape having a size relatively greater than that of the first vibration device 200-1.

[0474] The fourth partition member 640 can limit (or restrict) a vibration area (or a vibration region) of the display panel 100 based on the first vibration device 200-1. For example, in the first area A1 of the display panel 100, as the size of the fourth partition member 640 increases, the vibration area of the first area A1 can increase. Accordingly, the bass band characteristic of the left sound can be enhanced. As another example, in the first area A1 of the display panel 100, as the size of the fourth partition member 640 decreases, the vibration area of the first area A1 can decrease. Accordingly, the treble band characteristic of the left sound can be enhanced. Thus, the size of the fourth partition member 640 can be adjusted based on a desired band characteristic based on vibration of the display panel 100.

[0475] The fifth partition member 650 can be disposed between the display panel 100 and the support member 300 to correspond to the second air gap AG2. The fifth partition member 650 can individually (or independently) surround the second vibration device 200-2. To make the left sound symmetrical with the right sound, the fifth partition member 650 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can have the same shape as the fourth partition member 640 and a structure symmetrical about the rear center line CL of the display panel 100 with the fourth partition member 640. Accordingly, a description related thereto is omitted.

[0476] The fifth partition member 650 can limit (or restrict) a vibration area (or a vibration zone) of the display panel 100 based on the second vibration device 200-2. For example, in the second area A2 of the display panel 100, as the size of the fifth partition member 650 increases, the vibration area of the second area A2 can increase. Accordingly, a low-pitch vocal cord characteristic of the right sound can be enhanced. As another example, in the second area A2 of the display panel 100, as the size of the fifth partition member 650 decreases, the vibration area of the second area A2 can decrease. Accordingly, a high-pitch vocal cord characteristic of the right sound can be enhanced. Thus, the size of the fifth partition member 650 can be adjusted based on a desired vocal cord characteristic based on vibration of the display panel 100.

[0477] The fourth partition member 640 and the fifth partition member 650 can limit a vibration area (or a vibration zone) of each of the first vibration device 200-1 and the second vibration device 200-2. Accordingly, the fourth partition member 640 and the fifth partition member 650 can enhance lateral symmetry of the left sound and the right sound respectively generated based on vibration of the display panel 100, and can optimize a sound pressure level characteristic and a sound reproduction band of each of the left sound and the right sound. As another example, when the fourth partition member 640 and the fifth partition member 650 are disposed, the third partition member 630 can be omitted. As another example, when the fourth partition member 640 and the fifth partition member 650 are disposed, one or more of the first to third partition members 610 to 630 can be omitted.

[0478] Accordingly, when the display apparatus according to the embodiment of the disclosure includes the partition 600, a sound pressure level characteristic and a sound reproduction band of each of the left and right sounds can be improved or optimized. For example, the display apparatus according to the embodiment of the disclosure can include at least one of the first partition member 610 and the second partition member 620. As another example, the display apparatus according to the embodiment of the disclosure can include the third partition member 630 and one of the first partition member 610 and the second partition member 620. As another example, the display apparatus according to the embodiment of the disclosure can include the third to fifth partition members 630, 640, and 650. As another example, the display apparatus according to the embodiment of the disclosure can include the first to fifth partition members 610 to 650.

[0479] The display device according to another embodiment of the disclosure can output left sound and right sound to a forward region FD in front of the display panel 100 through the first vibration device 200-1 and the second vibration device 200-2 to provide stereo sound to a user. Further, the display device according to another embodiment of the disclosure can separate left sound and right sound through the partition 600 to output binaural stereo sound to the forward region FD in front of the display panel 100. Further, in the display device according to another embodiment of the disclosure, at least one of the first protection member 250 and the second protection member 270 of each of the first vibration device 200-1 and the second vibration device 200-2 can include a metal plate or a metal film including a metal material, and thus, flatness of a sound pressure level characteristic can be improved due to a resonance frequency reduction caused by the protection members 250 and 270 including a metal material.

[0480] FIG. 29 A display device according to another embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated, and an embodiment of a vibration device in the illustrated display device is illustrated. Therefore, hereinafter, a repeated description of elements other than the vibration device and elements related thereto is omitted or will be briefly given. FIG. 28

[0481] Referring to FIG. 29 , the display device according to another embodiment of the disclosure can include first to fourth vibration devices 200-1 to 200-4 on a rear surface of the display panel 100.

[0482] The first vibration device 200-1 and the third vibration device 200-3 can be alternately arranged or arranged in a diagonal direction in the first area A1 of the display panel 100. Accordingly, the first vibration device 200-1 and the third vibration device 200-3 can increase a vibration area of the first area A1 of the display panel 100. For example, the diagonal direction can be a direction between the first direction X and the second direction Y. The first vibration device 200-1 and the third vibration device 200-3 can be surrounded by the partition 600. For example, the first vibration device 200-1 and the third vibration device 200-3 can be surrounded by a fourth partition member (or a first housing) 640.

[0483] ​Each of the first vibration device 200-1 and the third vibration device 200-3 can vibrate the first area A1 of the display panel 100 to generate the first vibration sound (or left sound) or the first haptic feedback in the first area A1 of the display panel 100. For example, the vibration area of the first area A1 of the display panel 100 can be increased based on the diagonal arrangement structure of the first vibration device 200-1 and the third vibration device 200-3, and thus the bass band characteristic of the left sound can be enhanced. For example, the third vibration device 200-3 can be disposed in the first area A1 of the display panel 100 in addition to the first vibration device 200-1, and thus the first vibration sound or the first haptic feedback according to another embodiment of the disclosure can be more enhanced than the first vibration sound or the first haptic feedback described above with reference to FIG. 6. FIG. 28 The first vibration sound or the first haptic feedback described above with reference to FIG. 6 can be more enhanced.

[0484] The first vibration device 200-1 can be disposed close to the periphery of the first area A1 of the display panel 100. For example, the first vibration device 200-1 can be disposed in the upper left area of the first area A1 of the display panel 100 adjacent to the periphery of the display panel 100. The third vibration device 200-3 can be disposed close to the center line CL of the display panel 100 in the first area A1 of the display panel 100. For example, the third vibration device 200-3 can be disposed in the lower right area of the first area A1 of the display panel 100 adjacent to the center line CL of the display panel 100. The third vibration device 200-3 can be arranged in the first area A1 of the display panel 100 alternately with the first vibration device 200-1, and thus can not overlap the first vibration device 200-1 in the first direction X and the second direction Y.

[0485] The first vibration device 200-1 and the third vibration device 200-3 can be parallel in the first direction X or the second direction Y in the first area A1 of the display panel 100. For example, the vibration area of the first area A1 of the display panel 100 can be increased based on the parallel arrangement structure of the first vibration device 200-1 and the third vibration device 200-3, and thus the bass band characteristic of the left sound can be enhanced. The diagonal arrangement structure of the first vibration device 200-1 and the third vibration device 200-3 can further increase the vibration area of the first area A1 of the display panel 100, and thus enhance the bass band characteristic of the left sound, as compared to the parallel arrangement structure of the first vibration device 200-1 and the third vibration device 200-3. The diagonal arrangement structure of the first vibration device 200-1 and the third vibration device 200-3 can have an effect in which the vibration devices can be arranged in a 2x2 structure in the first area A1 of the display panel 100. Thus, the number of vibration devices for vibrating the first area A1 of the display panel 100 can be reduced by half.

[0486] According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the piezoelectric layer of the vibration structure included in the first vibration device 200-1 and the piezoelectric layer of the vibration structure included in the third vibration device 200-3 can be the same or different. For example, based on sound characteristics required by the display apparatus, the piezoelectric layer of each of the first vibration device 200-1 and the third vibration device 200-3 can include the same piezoelectric layer 211 as one or more of the piezoelectric layers 211 described above with reference to FIG. 18A to FIG. 18G or can include a different piezoelectric layer 211.

[0487] The second vibration device 200-2 and the fourth vibration device 200-4 can be alternately arranged or arranged in a diagonal direction in the second area A2 of the display panel 100. Accordingly, the second vibration device 200-2 and the fourth vibration device 200-4 can increase the vibration area of the second area A2 of the display panel 100. The second vibration device 200-2 and the fourth vibration device 200-4 can be surrounded by the partition 600. For example, the second vibration device 200-2 and the fourth vibration device 200-4 can be surrounded by a fifth partition member (or a second housing) 650.

[0488] Each of the second vibration device 200-2 and the fourth vibration device 200-4 can vibrate the second area A2 of the display panel 100 to generate a second vibration sound (or a right sound) or a second haptic feedback in the second area A2 of the display panel 100. For example, the vibration area of the second area A2 of the display panel 100 can be increased based on the diagonal arrangement structure of the second vibration device 200-2 and the fourth vibration device 200-4, and thus, the bass band characteristic of the right sound can be enhanced. For example, in addition to the second vibration device 200-2, the fourth vibration device 200-4 can also be disposed in the second area A2 of the display panel 100, and thus, the second vibration sound or the second haptic feedback according to another embodiment of the disclosure can be more enhanced than the second vibration sound or the second haptic feedback described above with reference to FIG. 28

[0489] ​The second vibration device 200-2 can be disposed close to the periphery of the second area A2 of the display panel 100. For example, the second vibration device 200-2 can be disposed in an upper right area of the second area A2 of the display panel 100 adjacent to the periphery of the display panel 100. Also, the first vibration device 200-1 and the second vibration device 200-2 can be left-right symmetrical about the center line CL of the display panel 100 in the first direction X, but embodiments are not limited thereto. The fourth vibration device 200-4 can be disposed close to the center line CL of the display panel 100 in the second area A2 of the display panel 100. For example, the fourth vibration device 200-4 can be disposed in a lower left area of the second area A2 of the display panel 100 adjacent to the center line CL of the display panel 100. The fourth vibration device 200-4 can be alternately arranged with the second vibration device 200-2 in the second area A2 of the display panel 100, and thus can not overlap the second vibration device 200-2 in the first direction X and the second direction Y. Also, the fourth vibration device 200-4 can be left-right symmetrical with the third vibration device 200-3 in the first direction X about the center line CL of the display panel 100, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0490] The second vibration device 200-2 and the fourth vibration device 200-4 can be parallel in the first direction X or the second direction Y in the second area A2 of the display panel 100. For example, the vibration area of the second area A2 of the display panel 100 can be increased based on the parallel arrangement structure of the second vibration device 200-2 and the fourth vibration device 200-4, thereby enhancing the bass band characteristic of the right sound. The diagonal arrangement structure of the second vibration device 200-2 and the fourth vibration device 200-4 can further increase the vibration area of the second area A2 of the display panel 100 compared to the parallel arrangement structure of the second vibration device 200-2 and the fourth vibration device 200-4, thereby enhancing the bass band characteristic of the right sound. The diagonal arrangement structure of the second vibration device 200-2 and the fourth vibration device 200-4 can have an effect in which the vibration devices can be arranged in a 2x2 structure in the second area A2 of the display panel 100. Accordingly, the number of vibration devices for vibrating the second area A2 of the display panel 100 can be reduced by half.

[0491] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the piezoelectric layer of the vibration structure included in the second vibration device 200-2 and the piezoelectric layer of the vibration structure included in the fourth vibration device 200-4 can be the same or different. For example, based on the sound characteristic required by the display apparatus, the piezoelectric layer of each of the second vibration device 200-2 and the fourth vibration device 200-4 can include the same piezoelectric layer 211 as one or more of the piezoelectric layers 211 described above with reference to FIG. 18A to FIG. 18G or can include different piezoelectric layers 211.

[0492] The piezoelectric layers included in the vibration structure of each of the first to fourth vibration devices 200-1 to 200-4 can be the same or different. For example, based on sound characteristics required for the display apparatus, the piezoelectric layer of each of the first to fourth vibration devices 200-1 to 200-4 can include the same piezoelectric layer as one or more of the piezoelectric layers 211 described above with reference to FIG. 18A to FIG. 18G or can include a different piezoelectric layer 211.

[0493] When the piezoelectric layer of each of the first to fourth vibration devices 200-1 to 200-4 can include a different piezoelectric layer from the piezoelectric layers 211 described above with reference to FIG. 18A to FIG. 18G the vibration device 200 can have various resonance frequencies, and thus, a reproduction frequency band and a sound pressure level characteristic of a sound generated based on the vibration of the vibration device 200 can be significantly increased.

[0494] The arrangement structure of the first to fourth vibration devices 200-1 to 200-4 is not limited to FIG. 29 the arrangement structure shown. For example, in each of the first and second areas A1 and A2 of the display panel 100, when a direction between the upper left and the lower right is referred to as a first diagonal line direction and a direction between the upper right and the lower left is referred to as a second diagonal line direction, the first and third vibration devices 200-1 and 200-3 can be arranged in the first diagonal line direction or the second diagonal line direction, and the second and fourth vibration devices 200-2 and 200-4 can be arranged in the same or different diagonal line direction from the diagonal line arrangement direction of the first and third vibration devices 200-1 and 200-3 among the first and second diagonal line directions. For example, the first and second vibration devices 200-1 and 200-2 can be disposed in a structure that is left-right symmetrical or left-right asymmetrical about the center line CL of the display panel 100. Also, the third and fourth vibration devices 200-3 and 200-4 can be disposed in a structure that is left-right symmetrical or left-right asymmetrical about the center line CL of the display panel 100.

[0495] Thus, the display apparatus according to another embodiment of the disclosure can have the same or similar effects as those of the display apparatus described above with reference to FIG. 28The display apparatus described above can have the same effect. For example, the display apparatus according to another embodiment of the disclosure can output left and right sounds to the forward region FD in front of the display panel 100 through the first to fourth vibration devices 200-1 to 200-4 to provide stereo sound to a user. Also, the display apparatus according to another embodiment of the disclosure can separate left and right sounds through the partition 600 to output binaural stereo sound to the forward region FD in front of the display panel 100. Also, in the display apparatus according to another embodiment of the disclosure, at least one of the first and second protective members 250 and 270 of each of the first to fourth vibration devices 200-1 to 200-4 can include a metal plate or a metal film including a metal material, and thus, flatness of a sound pressure level characteristic can be improved due to a resonance frequency reduction caused by the protective members 250 and 270 including a metal material. Also, in the display apparatus according to another embodiment of the disclosure, the vibration area of each of the first and second regions A1 and A2 can be increased based on the diagonal line arrangement structure of the first and third vibration devices 200-1 and 200-3 and the diagonal line arrangement structure of the second and fourth vibration devices 200-2 and 200-4, thereby further increasing a sound pressure level characteristic of a low-pitch sound band.

[0496] FIG. 30A to FIG. 30C A display apparatus including a vibration device according to an embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated. FIG. 30A to FIG. 30C A display apparatus including a vibration device described above with reference to any one of FIG. 15 to FIG. 24 is illustrated.

[0497] The vibration device described above with reference to FIG. 15 to FIG. 24 The vibration device described above can be implemented as a film type having flexibility, and thus can be applied to various application apparatuses.

[0498] Referring to FIG. 30A , the vibration device 200 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can be applied to a commercial display apparatus or a flexible display apparatus including a display panel 100 including a plurality of curved surface portions CSP1 to CSP5 which can be concave or convex. As an example, the vibration device 200 can be implemented to be curved to have a shape matching a curvature value (or a radius of curvature) of a convex portion or a concave portion of each of the curved surface portions CSP1 to CSP5 of the display panel 100. For example, the vibration device 200 can be disposed in the convex portion or the concave portion of each of the curved surface portions CSP1 to CSP5 of the display panel 100. As another example, the vibration device 200 can be implemented to have a shape matching a curvature value (or a radius of curvature) of each of the curved surface portions CSP1 to CSP5 of the display panel 100, and can be on the entire (or all) rear surface of the display panel 100.

[0499] Referring toFIG. 30B The vibration device 200 according to the embodiments of the disclosure can be applied to a foldable display apparatus including a display panel 100 that can be wound in a spiral shape or unwound. As an example, the vibration device 200 can be implemented to have a shape having a curvature value (or a curvature radius) of the display panel 100 that can be wound in a spiral shape or unwound. For example, the vibration device 200 can be arranged on a rear surface of the display panel 100 at a certain interval. As another example, the vibration device 200 can be implemented to have a shape matching the curvature value (or the curvature radius) of the display panel 100 and can be on the entire rear surface of the display panel 100.

[0500] Reference FIG. 30C The vibration device 200 according to the embodiments of the disclosure can be applied to a wearable display apparatus including a display panel 100 that can be wound around a wrist of a user and can be bent in a "c" shape. As an example, the vibration device 200 can be implemented to have a shape having a curvature value (or a curvature radius) of the display panel 100 that can be bent in a "c" shape. For example, the vibration device 200 can be arranged on a rear surface of the display panel 100 at a certain interval. As another example, the vibration device 200 can be implemented to have a shape matching the curvature value (or the curvature radius) of the display panel 100 and can be on the entire rear surface of the display panel 100, which can be bent in a c shape.

[0501] The vibration device according to the embodiments of the disclosure can be applied to a vibration device disposed on a display apparatus. The display apparatus according to the embodiments of the disclosure can be applied to a mobile device, a video phone, a smart watch, a watch phone, a wearable device, a foldable device, a rollable device, a bendable device, a flexible device, a curved device, an electronic notepad, an electronic book, a portable multimedia player (PMP), a personal digital assistant (PDA), an MP3 player, a mobile medical device, a desktop personal computer (PC), a laptop PC, a netbook computer, a workstation, a navigation device, a car navigation device, a car display device, a car device, a theater device, a theater display device, a TV, a wallpaper display device, a sign device, a game console, a notebook computer, a monitor, a camera, a camcorder, a home appliance, etc. Further, the vibration device according to the embodiments of the disclosure can be applied to an organic light emitting illumination device or an inorganic light emitting illumination device. When the vibration device of the embodiments of the disclosure is applied to an illumination device, the vibration device can be used as an illumination and a speaker. Further, when the display apparatus of the embodiments of the disclosure is applied to a mobile device, the vibration device can be used as one or more of a speaker, a receiver, and a haptics, but the embodiments of the disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0502] A flexible cable according to the embodiments of the disclosure will be described below.

[0503] According to embodiments of the disclosure, a flexible cable can include a base member including a terminal portion, a conductor layer including a plurality of conductive wires disposed on the base member, and a protective layer disposed on the base member to cover at least a portion of the conductor layer and configured to expose a portion of each of the plurality of conductive wires at the terminal portion, a length of each of the plurality of conductive wires being longer than a length of the base member.

[0504] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, each of the plurality of conductive wires can pass through a side surface of the base member and can protrude to the outside.

[0505] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, a protruding length of each of the plurality of conductive wires can be longer than a length of the terminal portion.

[0506] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, each of the plurality of conductive wires can include a first wire on the base member and a second wire extending to the outside from a side surface of the base member.

[0507] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the flexible cable can further include a support disposed on the second wire of each of the plurality of conductive wires, the support can at least partially surround a portion of the second wire.

[0508] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the second wire of each of the plurality of conductive wires can include a plurality of tapes spaced apart from each other.

[0509] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the flexible cable can further include a support disposed on the second wire of each of the plurality of conductive wires, the support on each second wire can at least partially collectively surround the plurality of tapes of the second wire.

[0510] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the support can include a lower support supporting a lower portion of the second wire and an upper support covering an upper portion of the second wire.

[0511] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the flexible cable can further include a first wire support portion supporting some of the second wires of the plurality of conductive wires, the first wire support portion can extend from the base member and support a rear surface of the some of the second wires.

[0512] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the flexible cable can further include a second wire support portion supporting other second wires of the plurality of conductive wires, the second wire support portion can surround a front surface and a side surface of the other second wires.

[0513] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, each of the plurality of conductive lines can include a first line located on the base member in parallel with a first direction, a second line extending from the first line to the outside of the base member in the first direction, and a third line protruding from the second line in parallel with a second direction intersecting the first direction.

[0514] A vibration device according to embodiments of the disclosure will be described as follows.

[0515] According to embodiments of the disclosure, a vibration device can include a vibration structure including a vibration layer, a first electrode layer disposed on a first surface of the vibration layer, and a second electrode layer disposed on a second surface opposite the first surface of the vibration layer, and a flexible cable electrically connected to the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer of the vibration structure.

[0516] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the flexible cable can include a plurality of conductive lines, and some of the plurality of conductive lines can be electrically connected to the first electrode layer of the vibration structure, and other conductive lines of the plurality of conductive lines can be electrically connected to the second electrode layer of the vibration structure. According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the flexible cable can include a main body portion including a terminal portion, and a plurality of finger lines protruding from the main body portion, and some of the plurality of finger lines can be electrically connected to the first electrode layer of the vibration structure, and other finger lines of the plurality of finger lines can be electrically connected to the second electrode layer of the vibration structure.

[0517] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the flexible cable can further include a main body portion including a terminal portion, and the plurality of conductive lines can form finger lines and protrude from the main body portion.

[0518] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, a protruding length of each of the plurality of finger lines can be longer than a length of the terminal portion.

[0519] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the flexible cable can include a base member including a terminal portion, a conductor layer including a plurality of conductive lines disposed on the base member to pass through a side surface of the base member and extend to the outside, and a protective layer disposed on the base member to cover at least a portion of the conductor layer and expose a portion of each of the plurality of conductive lines at the terminal portion, and some of the plurality of conductive lines can be electrically connected to the first electrode layer of the vibration structure, and other conductive lines of the plurality of conductive lines can be electrically connected to the second electrode layer of the vibration structure.

[0520] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, an extension length of each of the plurality of conductive lines can be longer than a length of the terminal portion.

[0521] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, at least one of the plurality of conductive lines can include a first line disposed on the base member in parallel with a first direction, and a second line extending from the first line to an outside of a side surface of the base member in the first direction, and some of the second lines of each of the plurality of conductive lines can be electrically connected to the first electrode layer of the vibration structure, and other of the second lines of each of the plurality of conductive lines can be electrically connected to the second electrode layer of the vibration structure.

[0522] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the flexible cable can further include a support on the second line of each of the plurality of conductive lines, and the support can at least partially surround a portion of the second line.

[0523] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the second line of each of the plurality of conductive lines can include a plurality of tapes spaced apart from each other.

[0524] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the flexible cable can further include a support disposed on the second line of each of the plurality of conductive lines, the support on each second line at least partially collectively surrounding the plurality of tapes on the second line.

[0525] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the support can include a lower support supporting a lower portion of the second line, and an upper support covering an upper portion of the second line.

[0526] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the flexible cable can further include a first line support portion supporting some of the second lines of each of the plurality of conductive lines, the first line support portion can extend from the base member and can support a rear surface of the some of the second lines.

[0527] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the flexible cable can further include a second line support portion supporting other of the second lines of each of the plurality of conductive lines, the second line support portion can surround one or more of a front surface and a side surface of the other of the second lines.

[0528] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, at least one of the plurality of conductive lines can further include at least one third line protruding from the second lines in parallel with a second direction intersecting the first direction, at least one third line protruding from some of the second lines among the plurality of conductive lines can be electrically connected to the first electrode layer of the vibration structure, and at least one third line protruding from other second lines among the second lines among the plurality of conductive lines can be electrically connected to the second electrode layer of the vibration structure.

[0529] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the vibration structure can include a plurality of vibration modules spaced apart from each other in a first direction and / or a second direction intersecting the first direction, each of the plurality of vibration modules can include the vibration layer, the first electrode layer, and the second electrode layer, and the flexible cable can be electrically connected to the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer of each of the plurality of vibration modules.

[0530] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the flexible cable can include a main body portion including a terminal portion, and a plurality of finger lines protruding from the main body portion, some of the plurality of finger lines can be electrically connected to the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer of each of some of the plurality of vibration modules, and other of the plurality of finger lines can be electrically connected to the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer of each of other of the plurality of vibration modules.

[0531] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the vibration structure can include a first vibration module and a second vibration module spaced apart from each other in a first direction, and a third vibration module and a fourth vibration module spaced apart from each other in the first direction and spaced apart from each of the first vibration module and the second vibration module in a second direction intersecting the first direction, each of the first vibration module to the fourth vibration module can include the vibration layer, the first electrode layer, and the second electrode layer, and the flexible cable can be electrically connected to the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer of each of the first vibration module to the fourth vibration module.

[0532] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the first vibration module and the second vibration module can be disposed to have a separation distance of 0.1 mm or more and less than 3 cm.

[0533] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the first vibration module and the second vibration module can be disposed to have a separation distance of 0.1 mm or more and less than 5 mm.

[0534] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the flexible cable can include: a first finger line disposed in the second direction and electrically connected to the first electrode layer of each of the first and third vibration modules; a second finger line disposed in the second direction and electrically connected to the second electrode layer of each of the first and third vibration modules; a first wire portion extending from each of the first and second finger lines in the first direction, the first wire portion electrically connected to the first and second electrode layers of each of the first and second vibration modules; and a second wire portion extending from each of the first and second finger lines in the first direction, the second wire portion electrically connected to the first and second electrode layers of each of the third and fourth vibration modules.

[0535] According to embodiments of the disclosure, a vibration device can include: a vibration structure including a vibration layer, a first electrode layer disposed on a first surface of the vibration layer, and a second electrode layer disposed on a second surface opposite the first surface of the vibration layer; a first protective member on a first surface of the vibration structure; a second protective member on a second surface of the vibration structure; and a flexible cable including at least one first finger line disposed between the first electrode layer of the vibration structure and the first protective member, and at least one second finger line disposed between the second electrode layer of the vibration structure and the second protective member.

[0536] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the flexible cable can further include a main body portion including a terminal portion, and each of the at least one first finger line and the at least one second finger line can protrude from the main body portion to have a length longer than a length of the terminal portion.

[0537] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the vibration device can further include: a first adhesive layer disposed between the first electrode layer of the vibration structure and the first protective member to cover the at least one first finger line; and a second adhesive layer disposed between the second electrode layer of the vibration structure and the second protective member to cover the at least one second finger line.

[0538] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, one or more of the first and second protective members can include a metal material.

[0539] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the vibration layer can include: a plurality of inorganic material portions having piezoelectric properties; and an organic material portion between the plurality of inorganic material portions.

[0540] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the vibration layer can have a piezoelectric strain coefficient of 1000 pC / N or more in a thickness direction, or include a formula of "(Pb A-B C B )((Mg 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 ) a (Ni 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 ) b Zr c Ti d )O3", in which formula, C is one of calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), and barium (Ba), a+b+c+d=1, 0.02≤B≤0.20, 0.80≤A-B≤0.98, 0.05≤a≤0.25, 0.05≤b≤0.25, 0.10≤c≤0.50, and 0.10≤d≤0.50.

[0541] A display apparatus according to embodiments of the disclosure will be described as follows.

[0542] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, a display apparatus can include a display panel configured to display an image, and a vibration apparatus located on a rear surface of the display panel to vibrate the display panel, the vibration apparatus can include a vibration structure including a vibration layer, a first electrode layer disposed on a first surface of the vibration layer, and a second electrode layer disposed on a second surface of the vibration layer opposite the first surface, and a flexible cable electrically connected to the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer of the vibration structure.

[0543] According to embodiments of the disclosure, a display apparatus can include a display panel configured to display an image, and a vibration apparatus located on a rear surface of the display panel to vibrate the display panel, the vibration apparatus can include a vibration structure including a vibration layer, a first electrode layer disposed on a first surface of the vibration layer, and a second electrode layer disposed on a second surface of the vibration layer opposite the first surface, a first protection member on the first surface of the vibration structure, a second protection member on the second surface of the vibration structure, and a flexible cable including at least one first finger wire disposed between the first electrode layer and the first protection member of the vibration structure, and at least one second finger wire disposed between the second electrode layer and the second protection member of the vibration structure.

[0544] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the vibration apparatus is disposed to cover a majority of the display panel.

[0545] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the vibration layer can include a plurality of inorganic material portions having piezoelectric properties, and an organic material portion between the plurality of inorganic material portions.

[0546] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the vibration layer can have a piezoelectric strain coefficient of 1000 pC / N or more in a thickness direction, or include a formula "(Pb A-B C B )((Mg 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 ) a (Ni 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 ) b Zr c Ti d )O3", in which formula, C is one of calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), and barium (Ba), a+b+c+d=1, 0.02≤B≤0.20, 0.80≤A-B≤0.98, 0.05≤a≤0.25, 0.05≤b≤0.25, 0.10≤c≤0.50, and 0.10≤d≤0.50.

[0547] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, each of the plurality of inorganic material portions can have any one of a linear shape, a circular shape, an oval shape, and a polygonal shape.

[0548] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the display panel can include a first area and a second area overlapping a display area configured to display an image, the vibration device can include a first vibration means in the first area, and a second vibration means in the second area, and each of the first vibration means and the second vibration means can include the vibration means.

[0549] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the display device can further include a support member on a rear surface of the display panel, a first housing between the rear surface of the display panel and the support member to surround the first vibration means, and a second housing between the rear surface of the display panel and the support member to surround the second vibration means.

[0550] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the display panel can include a first area and a second area overlapping a display area configured to display an image, the vibration device can include: a first vibration device in the first area; a second vibration device in the second area; a third vibration device disposed in the first area alternately with the first vibration device; and a fourth vibration device disposed in the second area alternately with the second vibration device, and each of the first to fourth vibration devices can include the vibration device.

[0551] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the display device can further include: a support member on a rear surface of the display panel; a first housing between the rear surface of the display panel and the support member to surround the first vibration device and the third vibration device; and a second housing between the rear surface of the display panel and the support member to surround the second vibration device and the fourth vibration device.

[0552] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the first to fourth vibration devices can include different vibration layers.

[0553] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the first vibration device and the third vibration device can be arranged in a diagonal direction of the first area.

[0554] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes can be made in the present disclosure without departing from the technical idea or scope of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the embodiments of the present disclosure are intended to cover the modifications and changes of the present disclosure within the scope of claims and their equivalents.

[0555] Cross Reference to Related Applications

[0556] This application claims the benefit of and priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2020-0039507, filed on March 31, 2020, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

Claims

1. A flexible cable suitable for a vibration device, comprising: a base member including a terminal portion; a conductor layer including a plurality of conductive lines disposed on the base member; and a protective layer disposed on the base member to cover at least a portion of the conductor layer and configured to expose a portion of each of the plurality of conductive lines at the terminal portion, wherein a length of each of the plurality of conductive lines is longer than a length of the base member, wherein each of the plurality of conductive lines includes: a first line on the base member; and a second line extending from a side surface of the base member to an outside, wherein a length of the second line is longer than a length of the first line, wherein the flexible cable further includes: a first line support portion supporting a first group of the second lines of the plurality of conductive lines, and the first line support portion extending from the protective layer and surrounding a front surface and a side surface of the first group of the second lines; and a second line support portion supporting a second group of the second lines of the plurality of conductive lines, and the second line support portion extending from the base member and supporting a back surface of the second group of the second lines, and wherein a back surface of the first group of the second lines is exposed, and a front surface and a side surface of the second group of the second lines are exposed. the first line support portion includes a same material as the protective layer, and the second line support portion includes a same material as the base member.

2. The flexible cable of claim 1, wherein, the first line is configured to be parallel to a first direction of the base member; 3. The flexible cable of claim 1, wherein, wherein the second line extends from the first line to an outside of the base member along the first direction, and wherein at least one of the plurality of conductive lines further includes a third line protruding from the second line in a second direction intersecting the first direction. 4.A vibration device, comprising: a vibration structure including a vibration layer, a first electrode layer disposed on a first surface of the vibration layer, and a second electrode layer disposed on a second surface of the vibration layer opposite to the first surface; and a flexible cable including a plurality of conductive lines electrically connected to the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer of the vibration structure, wherein each of the plurality of conductive lines includes: a first line on a base member; and a second line extending from a side surface of the base member to an outside, wherein a length of the second line is longer than a length of the first line, wherein the flexible cable further includes: a first line support portion supporting a first group of the second lines of the plurality of conductive lines, and the first line support portion extending from a protective layer disposed on the base member and surrounding a front surface and a side surface of the first group of the second lines; and a second line support portion supporting a second group of the second lines of the plurality of conductive lines, and the second line support portion extending from the base member and supporting a back surface of the second group of the second lines, and ​ ​ The back surface of the first group of second lines is exposed, and the front surface and side surface of the second group of second lines are exposed.

5. The vibration apparatus of claim 4, wherein, The first group of second lines is electrically connected to the first electrode layer of the vibration structure, and other second lines among the second lines of the plurality of conductive lines are electrically connected to the second electrode layer of the vibration structure. 6.The vibration device of claim 4, wherein The base member includes a terminal portion, and The length of the second line is longer than the length of the terminal portion.

7. The vibration apparatus of claim 4, wherein, The first line of each of the plurality of conductive lines contacts the base member. 8.The vibration device of claim 6, wherein The flexible cable includes: a conductor layer including the plurality of conductive lines, wherein the protective layer covers at least a portion of the conductor layer and exposes a portion of each of the plurality of conductive lines at the terminal portion, and wherein some of the plurality of conductive lines are electrically connected to the first electrode layer of the vibration structure, and other conductive lines are electrically connected to the second electrode layer of the vibration structure. 9.The vibration device of claim 4, wherein, The first line is configured to be parallel to a first direction of the base member; and wherein the second line extends from the first line to the outside of the base member in the first direction.

10. The vibration apparatus of claim 4, wherein, The first line support portion includes the same material as the protective layer, and the second line support portion includes the same material as the base member. 11.The vibration device of claim 9, wherein, at least one of the plurality of conductive lines further includes at least one third line protruding from the second line in parallel to a second direction intersecting the first direction, wherein at least one third line protruding from some of the second lines of the plurality of conductive lines is electrically connected to the first electrode layer of the vibration structure, and at least one third line protruding from other of the second lines of the plurality of conductive lines is electrically connected to the second electrode layer of the vibration structure. 12.The vibration device of claim 4, wherein The vibration structure includes a plurality of vibration modules spaced apart from each other in a first direction and / or a second direction intersecting the first direction, wherein each of the plurality of vibration modules includes the vibration layer, the first electrode layer, and the second electrode layer, and wherein the flexible cable is electrically connected to the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer of each of the plurality of vibration modules. 13.The vibration device of claim 12, wherein some of the second lines of the plurality of conductive lines are electrically connected to the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer of each of some of the plurality of vibration modules, and wherein the remaining second lines of the plurality of conductive lines are electrically connected to the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer of each of other of the plurality of vibration modules. 14.The vibration device of claim 4, wherein The vibration structure includes: a first vibration module and a second vibration module spaced apart from each other in a first direction; and a first vibration module and a second vibration module spaced apart from each other in a first direction; and a third vibration module and a fourth vibration module spaced apart from each other in the first direction and spaced apart from each of the first vibration module and the second vibration module in a second direction intersecting the first direction, wherein each of the first vibration module to the fourth vibration module includes the vibration layer, the first electrode layer, and the second electrode layer, and wherein the flexible cable is electrically connected to the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer of each of the first vibration module to the fourth vibration module. 15.The vibration device of claim 14, wherein the first vibration module and the second vibration module are disposed to have a separation distance of 0.1 mm or more and less than 3 cm. 16.The vibration device of claim 14, wherein the first vibration module and the second vibration module are disposed to have a separation distance of 0.1 mm or more and less than 5 mm.

17. The vibratory apparatus of claim 14, wherein, the plurality of conductive wires includes: a first conductive wire having a second wire disposed in the second direction and electrically connected to the first electrode layer of each of the first vibration module and the third vibration module; a second conductive wire having a second wire disposed in the second direction and electrically connected to the second electrode layer of each of the first vibration module and the third vibration module; a first wire portion extending from each of the second wire of the first conductive wire and the second wire of the second conductive wire in the first direction, the first wire portion being electrically connected to the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer of each of the first vibration module and the second vibration module; and a second wire portion extending from each of the second wire of the first conductive wire and the second wire of the second conductive wire in the first direction, the second wire portion being electrically connected to the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer of each of the third vibration module and the fourth vibration module. 18.A vibration device, the vibration device comprising: a vibration structure including a vibration layer, a first electrode layer disposed on a first surface of the vibration layer, and a second electrode layer disposed on a second surface of the vibration layer opposite the first surface; a first protective member on the first surface of the vibration structure; a second protective member on the second surface of the vibration structure; and a flexible cable including a plurality of conductive wires electrically connected to the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer of the vibration structure, wherein each of the plurality of conductive wires includes: a first wire on a base member of the flexible cable; and a second wire extending to an outside from a side surface of the base member, wherein a length of the second wire is longer than a length of the first wire, wherein the flexible cable further includes: a first wire support portion supporting a first group of the second wires of the plurality of conductive wires, and the first wire support portion extending from a protective layer disposed on the base member and surrounding a front surface and a side surface of the first group of the second wires; and a second wire support portion supporting a second group of the second wires of the plurality of conductive wires, and the second wire support portion extending from the protective layer disposed on the base member and surrounding a front surface and a side surface of the second group of the second wires. a second wire support portion that supports a second group of the second wires of the plurality of conductive wires, and that extends from the base member and supports a rear surface of the second group of the second wires, and wherein a rear surface of the first group of the second wires is exposed, and a front surface and a side surface of the second group of the second wires are exposed, and wherein the first group of the second wires is disposed between the first electrode layer of the vibration structure and the first protective member, and other second wires of the second wires of the plurality of conductive wires are disposed between the second electrode layer of the vibration structure and the second protective member.

19. The vibration device of claim 18, wherein the base member includes a terminal portion, and wherein the second wire of each of the plurality of conductive wires has a length longer than a length of the terminal portion.

20. The vibration device of claim 18, further comprising: a first adhesive layer disposed between the first electrode layer of the vibration structure and the first protective member to cover the first group of the second wires; and a second adhesive layer disposed between the second electrode layer of the vibration structure and the second protective member to cover other second wires of the second wires of the plurality of conductive wires.

21. The vibratory apparatus of claim 18, wherein, one or more of the first protective member and the second protective member includes a metallic material.

22. The vibration apparatus of any one of claims 4-21, wherein, the vibration layer includes: a plurality of inorganic material portions having piezoelectric properties; and an organic material portion between the plurality of inorganic material portions.

23. The vibration apparatus of any one of claims 4-21, wherein, The vibration layer has a piezoelectric deformation coefficient of 1000 pC / N or more in the thickness direction, or includes a material represented by the formula (Pb A-B C B ((Mg 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 ) a (Ni 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 ) b Zr c Ti d )O3, In this formula, C is one of calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), and barium (Ba), a+b+c+d = 1, 0.02 ≤ B ≤ 0.20, 0.80 ≤ A-B ≤ 0.98, 0.05 ≤ a ≤ 0.25, 0.05 ≤ b ≤ 0.25, 0.10 ≤ c ≤ 0.50, and 0.10 ≤ d ≤ 0.

50.

24. A display apparatus comprising: a display panel configured to display an image; and a vibration device located on a rear surface of the display panel to vibrate the display panel, wherein the vibration device includes the vibration device according to any one of claims 4 to 21.

25. The display apparatus of claim 24, wherein the vibration device is disposed to cover a majority of the display panel.

26. The display device of claim 24, wherein, the vibration layer includes: a plurality of inorganic material portions having piezoelectric properties; and an organic material portion between the plurality of inorganic material portions.

27. The display device of claim 24, wherein, The vibration layer has a piezoelectric deformation coefficient of 1000 pC / N or more in the thickness direction, or includes a material represented by the formula (Pb A-B C B ((Mg 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 ) a (Ni 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 ) b Zr c Ti d )O3, In this formula, C is one of calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), and barium (Ba), a+b+c+d = 1, 0.02 ≤ B ≤ 0.20, 0.80 ≤ A-B ≤ 0.98, 0.05 ≤ a ≤ 0.25, 0.05 ≤ b ≤ 0.25, 0.10 ≤ c ≤ 0.50, and 0.10 ≤ d ≤ 0.

50.

28. The display device of claim 26, wherein, each of the plurality of inorganic material portions has any one of a linear shape, a circular shape, an oval shape, and a polygonal shape.

29. The display apparatus of claim 24, wherein the display panel includes a first region and a second region overlapping with a display region configured to display an image, wherein the vibration device includes: a first vibration device in the first area; and a second vibration device in the second area, and wherein each of the first vibration device and the second vibration device includes the vibration device of any one of claims 4 to 21.

30. The display device of claim 29, further comprising: a support member on a rear surface of the display panel; a first housing between the rear surface of the display panel and the support member to surround the first vibration device; and a second housing between the rear surface of the display panel and the support member to surround the second vibration device.

31. The display device of claim 24, the display panel includes a first area and a second area overlapping a display area configured to display an image, wherein, wherein the vibration device includes: a first vibration device in the first area; a second vibration device in the second area; a third vibration device disposed in the first area alternately with the first vibration device; and a fourth vibration device disposed in the second area alternately with the second vibration device, and wherein each of the first vibration device to the fourth vibration device includes the vibration device according to any one of claims 4 to 21.

32. The display device of claim 31, further comprising: a support member on a rear surface of the display panel; a first housing between the rear surface of the display panel and the support member to surround the first vibration device and the third vibration device; and a second housing between the rear surface of the display panel and the support member to surround the second vibration device and the fourth vibration device.

33. The display device of claim 32, wherein the first vibration device to the fourth vibration device include different vibration layers.

34. The display device of claim 32, wherein the first vibration device and the third vibration device are arranged in a diagonal direction of the first area. ​ ​

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