A support method to prevent the walking mechanism from collapsing during the dismantling of a ship unloader

Abstract

This invention discloses a support method to prevent the collapse of the walking mechanism during the dismantling of a ship unloader. The steps include: fabricating clamps to protect the mooring bollards; installing "H" steel I tightly against the clamps along the direction of the ship unloader's walking track; installing "H" steel II on the inner side of the ship unloader's walking track away from the belt conveyor; fabricating a set of clamp-protected columns outside the concrete foundation of the belt conveyor support; installing "H" steel III tightly against the clamp-protected columns; and ensuring that "H" steel I, "H" steel II, and "H" steel III are parallel to each other. A walking mechanism reinforcement device is installed for each group of walking mechanisms. Multiple temporary support replacement beams are installed between the two walking mechanisms, each temporary support replacement beam having multiple outriggers in contact with the road surface. This method can prevent the walking mechanism from becoming unstable and collapsing during the dismantling of the ship unloader due to the hoisting, dismantling, and detachment of the modular components, eliminating safety hazards and improving construction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of port machinery equipment dismantling and construction technology, and to a support method for preventing the collapse of the traveling mechanism during the dismantling of a ship unloader, particularly a construction method for preventing the collapse of the traveling mechanism of a large ship unloader (double cantilever ship unloader) during dismantling and construction. Background Technology

[0002] Ship unloaders are widely used in ports and wharves on rivers, lakes, and seas, serving as the primary equipment for unloading cargo ships. As their service life increases, the operating conditions of ship unloaders gradually deteriorate. The steel structure suffers from corrosion, deformation, and cracks, leading to fatal defects and compromising its safety. The service life of a ship unloader is generally around 20 years, and technological advancements have gradually rendered existing ship unloaders less effective. Therefore, every year, a large number of ship unloaders at ports and wharves need to be dismantled, replaced, or upgraded to meet the requirements of high efficiency, safety, low energy consumption, and environmental protection.

[0003] Ship unloaders often employ a construction process of "gas cutting disassembly, modular assembly, and hoisting dismantling." During the dismantling and detachment of modules from the ship unloader body, instability and impacts on equipment components due to unloading can easily cause instability in the steel structure support system, leading to safety accidents such as overturning and collapse. This is especially true during the dismantling of the lower walkway platform beams; if the support systems of the traveling mechanisms on both sides of the ship unloader are inadequate, collapse of the traveling mechanisms is highly likely.

[0004] During port terminal construction and loading / unloading operations, operators generally prohibit any actions that damage the reinforced concrete pavement and structure of the terminal. When dismantling a ship unloader, to maintain its stability and balance during the dismantling process, a steel structure support system is often installed on both sides of the ship unloader's two traveling mechanisms. Since the upper end of the support steel structure is welded to the traveling mechanism, its lower end rests on the concrete beam slab. There is an angle of approximately 50 degrees between the support steel structure and the concrete beam slab surface. To prevent the support steel structure from slipping and causing support failure, the following methods are commonly used to increase the stability of the support components:

[0005] Method 1: Drill holes in the concrete slab of the wharf and install expansion bolts. Then, weld the expansion bolts to the support of the traveling mechanism. After dismantling, cut the expansion bolts with an oxy-acetylene torch and repair the road surface. The disadvantage of this method is that the fixing torque is relatively small and it damages the reinforced concrete pavement of the wharf. The wharf operator will generally not agree to this method.

[0006] Method 2: Lay 2m wide, 20mm thick hot-rolled steel plates along the length of both sides of the two traveling mechanisms of the ship unloader. Weld these plates to the lower end of the diagonal supports of the traveling mechanisms to increase the stability and anti-slip capability of the diagonal supports. The drawbacks of this method are the large amount of material required, the low friction between the steel plates and the concrete pavement of the wharf, and the relatively low resistance to the overturning moment of the traveling mechanisms.

[0007] Therefore, developing a low-cost support method that does not damage the reinforced concrete pavement of the dock and has a large anti-overturning moment to prevent the walking mechanism from collapsing during the dismantling of a ship unloader is of great practical significance. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Due to the aforementioned defects in the existing technology, the present invention provides a support method to prevent the walking mechanism from collapsing during the dismantling of a ship unloader, in order to solve the problems of the existing support method having a small fixing torque, causing damage to the reinforced concrete pavement of the dock, and having excessive material consumption and high cost.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0010] A support method to prevent the walking mechanism from collapsing during the dismantling of a ship unloader, comprising the following steps:

[0011] (1) Make a clamp for protecting the mooring bollard. The clamp is fitted over the mooring bollard. An "H" steel I (sweeping bar) is installed close to the clamp along the direction of the unloader's travel track. The "H" steel I is also fixed to the clamp on one side of the unloader's track. At the same time, an "H" steel II (sweeping bar) is installed on the inside of the unloader's travel track away from the belt conveyor along the direction of the unloader's travel track. Make a set of clamp protective columns for the concrete foundation on the belt conveyor support. An "H" steel III (sweeping bar) is installed close to the clamp protective column along the direction of the unloader's travel track. The "H" steel III is also fixed to the clamp protective column.

[0012] (2) Install a set of travel mechanism reinforcement device for each group of travel mechanism of the ship unloader. The set of travel mechanism reinforcement device includes two reinforcing diagonal braces, a lower cross brace and a middle cross brace. One end of the reinforcing diagonal brace is fixed to the travel mechanism and the two reinforcing diagonal braces are located on both sides of the travel mechanism. The other end of the two reinforcing diagonal braces is fixed to “H” steel I and “H” steel X respectively and the two are connected by the lower cross brace. The two reinforcing diagonal braces and the lower cross brace form a triangular structure. A middle cross brace for reinforcing the structure is provided in the triangular structure. The “H” steel X is “H” steel II or “H” steel III.

[0013] (3) Install multiple temporary support replacement beams between the two traveling mechanisms arranged on the two ship unloaders' traveling tracks. The two ends of the temporary support replacement beams are fixed to the two traveling mechanisms respectively. For each temporary support replacement beam, multiple outriggers that are in contact with the road surface are set.

[0014] The present invention discloses a support method for preventing the collapse of the walking mechanism during the dismantling of a ship unloader. This method involves fabricating steel structure clamps to fix the structure to the existing bollards and belt conveyor corridor support foundations at the wharf. Temporary support beams are used to connect to the walking mechanisms on both sides of the ship unloader, with additional supports (walking mechanism reinforcement devices) added to their lower parts. When the walkway beams of the ship unloader's walking mechanism are dismantled, these beams can replace and bear the overturning moment of the walking mechanism. Furthermore, this method uses less steel, is simple and applicable, easy to manufacture and install, and is safe and reliable. Using this method can prevent the walking mechanism from becoming unstable and collapsing during the dismantling of the ship unloader due to the hoisting, dismantling, and detachment of the modular components, eliminating safety hazards, improving construction efficiency, and demonstrating great application potential.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution:

[0016] As described above, the support method for preventing the collapse of the walking mechanism during the dismantling of a ship unloader is carried out in step (3) after the upper structure of the ship unloader walkway beam is dismantled and before the ship unloader walkway beam is dismantled.

[0017] As described above, in a method for preventing the collapse of the walking mechanism during the dismantling of a ship unloader, the temporary support replacement beam is arranged below the gas cutting point of the walkway beam assembly and welded to the load-bearing plate of the walking mechanism.

[0018] As described above, in the method for preventing the walking mechanism from collapsing during the dismantling of a ship unloader, the temporary support replacement beam is installed by hoisting and welding.

[0019] The above-described support method for preventing the collapse of the walking mechanism during the dismantling of a ship unloader includes steel structural components such as clamps, clamp protection columns, "H" steel I, "H" steel II, "H" steel III, walking mechanism reinforcement device, temporary support replacement beam, and outriggers, all of which are fixed by welding.

[0020] As described above, in a support method to prevent the walking mechanism from collapsing during the dismantling of a ship unloader, the lower cross brace is in contact with the road surface, and the middle cross brace is parallel to the road surface.

[0021] The above invention has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0022] The present invention provides a support method for preventing the collapse of the walking mechanism during the dismantling of a ship unloader. This method can prevent the walking mechanism from becoming unstable and collapsing during the dismantling of the ship unloader due to the hoisting, dismantling, and detachment of the combined modules, thereby eliminating safety hazards, ensuring the safety of the ship unloader dismantling operation, and improving construction efficiency. In addition, it also has the following advantages:

[0023] (1) The manufacturing and installation methods are simple, convenient, and highly operable;

[0024] (2) It can be made of ordinary steel structure and scrap steel, which is economical;

[0025] (3) The dock bollards and sweeping rods ("H" steel I, "H" steel II, "H" steel III) are used to bear the force, so the concrete ground and facilities of the dock are not damaged.

[0026] (4) Temporary support beams were installed to reinforce the steel structure before the removal of the walkway beams of the ship unloader. During the removal period, the impact on production and passage of the upstream and downstream docks of the ship unloader was minimal.

[0027] (5) The protective device can be reused in the dismantling of similar ship unloaders, saving construction costs;

[0028] (6) It can be used in other track-type unstable equipment and steel structure dismantling, with a wide range of applications and great application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The invention, its features, shape, and advantages will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Like reference numerals denote like parts throughout the drawings. The drawings are not drawn to scale; their focus is on illustrating the gist of the invention.

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the installation of a travel mechanism reinforcement device on the travel mechanism of the ship unloader;

[0031] Figure 2 and 3 The front and top views of the reinforcement device for the traveling mechanism and the temporary support replacement beam for the ship unloader are shown respectively.

[0032] Among them, 1-walkway beam, 2-ship mooring bollard, 3-clamp, 4-"H" steel I, 5-"H" steel II, 6-"H" steel III, 7-walking mechanism reinforcement device, 8-walkway beam assembly gas cutting point, 9-belt conveyor, 10-clamp protection column, 11-reinforcement diagonal brace, 12-lower horizontal brace, 13-middle horizontal brace, 14-temporary support replacement beam, 15-outrigger. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The structure of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but this is not intended to limit the present invention.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] A support method to prevent the walking mechanism from collapsing during the dismantling of a ship unloader, specifically applied to the renovation and upgrading project of the 18U3 and 18U4 ship unloaders at Baosteel's raw material terminal;

[0036] During the dismantling of the ship unloader, its lower belt conveyor continues production, requiring protective measures such as covering. Furthermore, production and construction vehicles pass through the lower dock surface; therefore, the reinforcement of the ship unloader's traveling mechanism needs to be completed in two phases. The first phase reinforces only the sides of the two traveling mechanisms. Its purpose is to increase the supporting surface area of ​​the ship unloader and enhance its resistance to overturning moments when the upper part of the ship unloader's walkway crossbeams is dismantled. The second phase reinforces the span space of the ship unloader's traveling mechanism. Its purpose is to replace the supporting role of the two walkway beams on the two traveling mechanisms when the ship unloader's two walkway beams and traveling mechanism crossbeam assemblies are dismantled, thus transferring the force system. After the two walkway crossbeam assemblies are dismantled, together with the steel structure supports reinforced in the first phase, it maintains the balance and stability of the two traveling mechanisms. When dismantling one traveling mechanism, the other traveling mechanism, due to its larger supporting area across the span, also has a larger resistance to overturning moments, thus maintaining the balance and stability of the other traveling mechanism.

[0037] The specific steps are as follows:

[0038] 1. Reinforcement methods for the first-stage unloader's traveling mechanism:

[0039] Step 1: Fabrication and installation of load-bearing clamps for dock bollards

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, the unloader parking position on the dock is on the riverside, with berthing bollards 2 for cargo ships to moor. The bollards are generally 6-8m apart. When the unloader is dismantled, the existing bollards can be used as leverage points to prevent the walking mechanism from overturning. At the bollard locations, clamps 3 (300×300 "H" shaped steel clamps) are installed to protect the berthing bollards 2. The reinforcing diagonal braces 11 for preventing the unloader from overturning are directly welded to the clamps 3 to bear the force, preventing damage to the berthing bollards 2. Along the direction of the unloader's walking track, an "H" steel I 4 (specifically a 400×400 "H" shaped steel ground sweeper) is installed on the clamps 3. This "H" steel I serves as the leverage point at the lower end of the walking mechanism reinforcement device 7.

[0041] Step Two: Reinforcement Methods for the Unloader's Traveling Mechanism

[0042] Based on the structural shape, height, and length of the unloader's traveling mechanism, four reinforcing diagonal braces 11 (300×300 "H" shaped steel with a length of 4m) are installed on each side of the traveling mechanism. An "H" steel II (one 400×400 sweeping "H" shaped steel) is installed on the inner side of the unloader's traveling track away from the belt conveyor along the direction of the unloader's traveling track. In the gaps on the traveling mechanism track and above the rollers, two No. 12 channel steels with lengths of 3m and 4m respectively are welded to each diagonal brace reinforcement point, so that the traveling mechanism reinforcement device 7 forms a three-dimensional reinforcement system on both the upper and lower sides.

[0043] Step 3: Reinforcement methods for the side traveling mechanism of the belt conveyor

[0044] There are mooring bollards on the river side, and their travel mechanism is fixed in the same way as in step two. For the travel mechanism on the belt conveyor side, the concrete foundation on the belt conveyor support can be used to set up a clamp protection column 10 (300×300 "H" shaped steel clamp protection column) to bear the horizontal overturning moment of the reinforcing diagonal brace. A "H" steel III 6 (300×300 ground-level "H" shaped steel) is installed between the clamp steel structures along the direction of the unloader's travel track. The "H" steel III 6 is welded to the clamp protection column 10. The lower end of the reinforcing diagonal brace is welded to the 300×300 ground-level "H" shaped steel to bear the force. The other reinforcement and force-bearing systems of the travel mechanism are the same as in step two.

[0045] 2. Second-stage reinforcement method for the walking mechanism

[0046] Step 1: After the upper structure of the unloader walkway beam 1 is dismantled, a 16t truck crane is used to install the temporary support replacement beam 14 between the spans. The temporary support replacement beam 14 is made of two 12# channel steels welded back to back, with a weld leg height of 6-8mm. A total of 4 temporary support replacement beams need to be installed between the two walking mechanisms. The installation position is on the walking mechanism load-bearing plate about 2m below the crossbeam of the unloader walkway.

[0047] Step 2: Under the four temporary support replacement beams of the already installed traveling mechanism, install four outriggers made of No. 12 channel steel to the concrete road surface at the diagonal braces of the traveling mechanism and the supports on both sides of the belt conveyor to increase the rigidity of the beam and the resistance to the overturning moment of the traveling mechanism.

[0048] 3. Dismantling of the walking mechanism and its anti-overturning support reinforcement system

[0049] Step 1: Secure the traveling mechanism of the unloader to be dismantled on the floating crane and hold it in place. Then, cut the lower end of the reinforcing diagonal brace and the temporary support replacement beam of the traveling mechanism with gas. Release the fixing device (iron shoe, etc.) of the traveling mechanism. The floating crane can then directly lift the traveling mechanism off the dock road track and place it on a barge for dismantling and transport.

[0050] Step 2: The method for hoisting and dismantling the other traveling mechanism is the same as in Step 1. The temporary support beam of the 12# channel steel between the two traveling mechanisms can be dismantled by gas cutting with the assistance of a 16T truck crane.

[0051] In practical application, it was found that when the ship unloader and its traveling mechanism were dismantled, the pre-installation of reinforcement and support structures and other protective devices in accordance with this method could prevent the ship unloader structure from becoming unstable and overturning and prevent workers from falling from heights, thus eliminating a huge safety hazard during construction and ensuring the safety of the ship unloader dismantling operation.

[0052] Of course, the protection scope of the support method for preventing the collapse of the walking mechanism during the dismantling of the ship unloader of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For example, the specific dimensions of the anti-overturning protection device can be uniformly considered according to the structural design dimensions of the ship unloader. The dismantling protection device is made of H300, H400 steel and 12# channel steel. Depending on the site conditions, other H-beams, angle steel, etc. can also be used to make it. Scrap materials should be used as much as possible to save costs. The method of the present invention can not only be used for the dismantling of the walking mechanism of the 18U3 double cantilever ship unloader, but can also be extended to the dismantling operations of other models of ship loaders and unloaders as needed. Furthermore, it can be extended to the dismantling projects of other easily overturned rail-mounted vehicle equipment and steel structures.

[0053] Those skilled in the art should understand that variations can be implemented by combining existing technology with the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated here. Such variations do not affect the essence of the present invention, and will not be elaborated here either.

[0054] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and the devices and structures not described in detail should be understood as being implemented in a conventional manner in the art. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention using the methods and techniques disclosed above, or modify them into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the scope of the present invention. This does not affect the essential content of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the present invention's technical solutions still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A support method to prevent the walking mechanism from collapsing during the dismantling of a ship unloader, characterized in that: The steps are as follows: (1) Make a clamp for protecting the mooring bollard. The clamp is fitted over the mooring bollard. An "H" steel I is installed close to the clamp along the direction of the unloader's travel track. The "H" steel I is also fixed to the clamp on one side of the unloader's track. At the same time, an "H" steel II is installed on the inside of the unloader's travel track away from the belt conveyor along the direction of the unloader's travel track. Make a clamp protective column for the concrete foundation on the belt conveyor support. An "H" steel III is installed close to the clamp protective column along the direction of the unloader's travel track. The "H" steel III is also fixed to the clamp protective column. (2) Install a set of travel mechanism reinforcement device for each group of travel mechanism of the ship unloader. The set of travel mechanism reinforcement device includes two side reinforcement diagonal braces, a lower cross brace and a middle cross brace. One end of the reinforcement diagonal brace is fixed to the travel mechanism and the two reinforcement diagonal braces are located on both sides of the travel mechanism. The other end of the two reinforcement diagonal braces is fixed to "H" steel I and "H" steel X respectively and the two are connected by the lower cross brace. The two reinforcement diagonal braces and the lower cross brace form a triangular structure. A middle cross brace for reinforcing the structure is provided in the triangular structure. The "H" steel X is "H" steel II or "H" steel III. (3) Install multiple temporary support replacement beams between the two traveling mechanisms arranged on the two ship unloaders' traveling tracks. The two ends of the temporary support replacement beams are fixed to the two traveling mechanisms respectively. For each temporary support replacement beam, multiple outriggers that are in contact with the road surface are set.

2. The support method for preventing the walking mechanism from collapsing during the dismantling of a ship unloader according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step (3) is carried out after the upper structure of the unloader walkway beam is dismantled and before the unloader walkway beam is dismantled.

3. The support method for preventing the walking mechanism from collapsing during the dismantling of a ship unloader according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temporary support replacement beam is located below the gas cutting point of the walkway beam assembly and welded to the load-bearing plate of the walking mechanism.

4. The support method for preventing the walking mechanism from collapsing during the dismantling of a ship unloader according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temporary support replacement beam was installed by hoisting and then welding.

5. A support method for preventing the walking mechanism from collapsing during the dismantling of a ship unloader according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamps, clamp protection columns, "H" steel I, "H" steel II, "H" steel III, walking mechanism reinforcement device, temporary support replacement beam and outriggers are all steel structural components, which are fixed by welding.

6. A support method for preventing the walking mechanism from collapsing during the dismantling of a ship unloader according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower cross brace is in contact with the road surface, and the middle cross brace is parallel to the road surface.

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