Gear shift system and shift execution device thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of drivelines. In particular, the invention relates to a shift execution device (30) arranged between a power input shaft (10) and a gear mechanism (20) and comprising a first shift execution mechanism (40) for changing the transmission state of at least a first transmission component (21) in the gear mechanism (20) and a second shift execution mechanism (50) for changing the transmission state of at least a second transmission component (22) in the gear mechanism (20), wherein the first shift execution mechanism (40) and the second shift execution mechanism (50) are cooperatively operated to enable the gear mechanism (20) to switch between at least two transmission ratios. The invention also relates to a gear system having such a shift execution device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a gear shifting actuator. It also relates to a transmission system having such a gear shifting actuator. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, electric vehicles are developing rapidly. The most commonly used transmission in the market is the single-speed gearbox, which is simple in structure and inexpensive. However, a single-speed gearbox cannot guarantee that the electric motor will operate within its high-efficiency range. Therefore, to improve dynamic performance and fuel economy, a two-speed gearbox is needed.

[0003] Typically, the shift actuator is one of the most important components in multi-speed transmissions, including two-speed transmissions, and its function is to change the direction and gear ratio of power transmission. There are two main types of shift actuators in the current technology. One type is based on the coordinated action of a shift motor and a synchronizer. This type of shift actuator uses an ECU to control the operating direction of the shift motor to change the position of the shift shaft. The synchronizer is used to reduce the shock and noise during shifting. The other type is based on a shift motor, a hydraulic auxiliary device, and friction plates (or a locking device). The shift motor, controlled by the ECU, outputs power to cause a change in the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic auxiliary device. The higher hydraulic pressure compresses the friction plates (or locking device), thereby achieving power switching. This type of shift actuator can reduce the shock and noise during shifting.

[0004] These known shift actuators suffer from the following technical drawbacks: on the one hand, they often cause power interruption, which affects driving comfort; on the other hand, they are complex in structure and large in size. Furthermore, the high cost of hydraulic assist devices limits the application of shift actuators with hydraulic assistance.

[0005] Therefore, there is a need to provide a shift actuator that is simple in structure, small in size, and cost-effective. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This objective is achieved by a shifting actuator of the present invention, which is disposed between a power input shaft and a transmission gear mechanism and includes a first shifting actuator for changing the transmission state of at least a first transmission component in the transmission gear mechanism and a second shifting actuator for changing the transmission state of at least a second transmission component in the transmission gear mechanism, wherein the first shifting actuator and the second shifting actuator operate cooperatively so that the transmission gear mechanism can switch between at least two transmission ratios.

[0007] It should be noted that, in the context of this article, the term "transmission state" can be understood as referring to the kinematic state of the transmission component itself and its kinematic relationship with other components.

[0008] According to an optional embodiment, the first shift actuator includes a first clutch device located between the power input shaft and the first transmission member and a third clutch device located between the first transmission member and a stationary member. The first shift actuator is configured to operate the first clutch device and the third clutch device in opposite states, and is configured to place the first transmission member in its first transmission state when the first clutch device is in the disengaged state and the third clutch device is in the engaged state, and to place the first transmission member in its second transmission state when the first clutch device is in the engaged state and the third clutch device is in the disengaged state.

[0009] According to an optional embodiment, the second shift actuator includes a second clutch device located between the power input shaft and the second transmission component, and a fourth clutch device located between the second transmission component and the first transmission component. The second shift actuator is configured to operate the second clutch device and the fourth clutch device in opposite states, and is configured to place the second transmission component in its second transmission state when the second clutch device is in the disengaged state and the fourth clutch device is in the engaged state, and to place the second transmission component in its first transmission state when the second clutch device is in the engaged state and the fourth clutch device is in the disengaged state.

[0010] According to an alternative embodiment, the first transmission component cannot rotate in its first transmission state and can perform rotational motion in its second transmission state, and acts as the input component of the transmission gear mechanism.

[0011] According to an alternative embodiment, the second transmission component acts as the input of the gear mechanism in its first transmission state and engages with the first transmission component in a non-rotatable manner in its second transmission state.

[0012] According to an optional embodiment, the first shift actuator and the second shift actuator operate cooperatively such that when the first transmission component is switched to its first transmission state, the second transmission component is also switched to its first transmission state, and when the first transmission component is switched to its second transmission state, the second transmission component is also switched to its second transmission state.

[0013] According to an optional embodiment, both the first clutch device and the third clutch device include at least one friction element and at least one additional friction element that is axially movable relative to the friction element, wherein the additional friction element of the first clutch device is rigidly connected to the additional friction element of the third clutch device, the friction element of the first clutch device is arranged on one axial side of the additional friction element of the first clutch device, and the friction element of the third clutch device is arranged on the opposite axial side of the additional friction element of the third clutch device.

[0014] According to an optional embodiment, the shift actuator includes a first electromagnetic actuation unit for actuating a first shift actuator, the first electromagnetic actuation unit having a first magnet and a second magnet disposed opposite to each other, the magnetic field of at least one of the first magnet and the second magnet of the first electromagnetic actuation unit being commutative to enable the first transmission member to switch between its first transmission state and a second transmission state.

[0015] According to an optional embodiment, the first electromagnetic actuation unit and the second electromagnetic actuation unit have a common second magnet, wherein the common second magnet is axially located between and fixedly connected to the friction elements of the first clutch device and the second clutch device, the first magnet of the first electromagnetic actuation unit is fixed to another friction element of the first clutch device that is axially movable relative to the friction element on the axial side of one pole of the common second magnet, and the first magnet of the second electromagnetic actuation unit is fixed to another friction element of the second clutch device that is axially movable relative to the friction element on the opposite axial side of the other pole of the common second magnet.

[0016] According to an alternative embodiment, the first transmission component is configured as the ring gear of a planetary transmission mechanism and the second transmission component is configured as the sun gear of a planetary transmission mechanism.

[0017] The object of the present invention is also achieved by a transmission system, the transmission system comprising a power input shaft, a transmission gear mechanism, and a shift actuator located between the power input shaft and the transmission gear mechanism according to any one of the preceding claims.

[0018] According to the present invention, the following technical effects are achieved:

[0019] - The synchronizer is omitted;

[0020] - The shift motor has been omitted;

[0021] - The hydraulic auxiliary device has been omitted;

[0022] -More compact construction and smaller size; and

[0023] - Shifting gears is simple and reliable.

[0024] Other advantages and advantageous embodiments of the subject matter of the invention will be apparent from the description, drawings and claims. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Further features and advantages of the present invention can be further illustrated by the following detailed description of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are as follows:

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a transmission system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0027] Figure 2 A simplified transmission diagram of a transmission system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown in a first speed state;

[0028] Figure 3 A simplified transmission diagram of a transmission system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown in a second speed state; and

[0029] Figure 4 A circuit diagram of a switching circuit for a transmission system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial technical effects of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and several exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention.

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a transmission system 100 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown. The transmission system 100 includes a power input shaft 10, a transmission gear mechanism 20, and a shift actuator 30 located between the power input shaft 10 and the transmission gear mechanism 20 and kinematically coupled to both the power input shaft 10 and the transmission gear mechanism 20. The shift actuator 30 is configured to change the transmission ratio and / or transmission direction of the transmission gear mechanism 20, so that the transmission system 100 has multiple speed states.

[0032] The shift actuator 30 includes a shift mechanism for changing the transmission state of at least one transmission component in the transmission gear mechanism 20. The shift mechanism is configured to be operable according to the driver's intention, allowing switching between at least two positions. When the shift mechanism is in a first position of the at least two positions, it enables the transmission gear mechanism 20 to present a first gear ratio, for example, as... Figure 2 As shown; when the shift actuator is in a second posture, different from the first posture, among the at least two postures, the transmission gear mechanism 20 can exhibit a second transmission ratio different from the first transmission ratio, for example, as Figure 3 As shown.

[0033] Furthermore, the shifting mechanism includes a first shifting mechanism 40 for changing the transmission state of the first transmission member 21 in the transmission gear mechanism 20. The first shifting mechanism 40 is configured to switch the first transmission member 21 between a non-rotatable first transmission state and a second transmission state that acts as an input element of the transmission gear mechanism 20.

[0034] The first shift actuator 40 includes a first clutch device 41 located between the power input shaft 10 and the first transmission component 21, and a third clutch device 43 located between the first transmission component 21 and the stationary component 60. The first shift actuator 40 is configured to operate the first clutch device 41 and the third clutch device 43 in opposite states. That is, the first shift actuator 40 is configured such that when the third clutch device 43 is engaged, the first clutch device 41 is necessarily disengaged, and at this time, the first transmission component 21 is in a non-rotatable first transmission state; conversely, when the first clutch device 41 is engaged, the third clutch device 43 is necessarily disengaged, and at this time, the first transmission component 21 is in a second transmission state, acting as the input element of the gear shift mechanism 20, because the first transmission component 21 is connected to the power input shaft 10 by means of the first clutch device 41.

[0035] According to an exemplary embodiment, the first clutch device 41 and the third clutch device 43 are operated cooperatively in opposite states by rigidly connecting the axially movable friction element 412 of the first clutch device 41 to the axially movable friction element 432 of the third clutch device 43. In this case, the non-axially movable additional friction element 411 of the first clutch device 41 is located on one axial side of the friction element 412, while the non-axially movable additional friction element 431 of the third clutch device 43 is located on the opposite axial side of the friction element 432.

[0036] Furthermore, the first clutch device 41 includes a first driving part 411 kinematically coupled to the power input shaft 10 and a first driven part 412 associated with the first driving part 411 and capable of axial movement relative to the first driving part 411. The first driven part 412 is rigidly connected to the first transmission component 21. The engagement / disengagement state of the first and third clutch devices 41 and 43 is controlled by the axial movement of the first driven part 412. Specifically, when the first driven part 412 moves along the first axial direction D1 to the first stop position P1, Figure 1When (shown in dashed box), the first driven part 412 disengages from the first driving part 411, causing the first clutch device 41 to disengage. Simultaneously, the friction member 432 engages with another friction member 431, engaging the third clutch device 43. This causes the first transmission member 21, rigidly connected to the first driven part 412, to engage with the stationary member 60 in a non-rotatable manner, i.e., a rotationally locked manner. Thus, the rotation of the first transmission member 21 is suppressed by the stationary member 60. In this way, the first transmission member 21 reaches a non-rotatable first transmission state. Furthermore, when the first driven part 412 moves to the second stop position (not shown in the figure) along the second axial direction D2 opposite to the first axial direction D1, the first driven part 412 and the first driving part 411 engage in a non-rotatable manner, causing the first clutch device 41 to be engaged. At the same time, the friction member 432 disengages from the other friction member 431, causing the third clutch device 43 to be disengaged, thereby disengaging the first transmission member 21 from the stationary member 60. As a result, the rotational inhibition of the first transmission member 21 by the stationary member 60 is released. At this time, the first transmission member 21 acts as the input member of the transmission gear mechanism 20 because it is connected to the power input shaft 10 via the first clutch device 41.

[0037] It should be noted that, in the context of this invention, the term "rotational locking" should be understood as two components being locked together in a rotational sense, that is, the two components performing rotational motion relative to each other.

[0038] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the stationary component 60 is configured as the housing of a gearbox.

[0039] Furthermore, the shifting mechanism further includes a second shifting mechanism 50 for changing the transmission state of the second transmission member 22 in the transmission gear mechanism 20. The second shifting mechanism 50 is configured to enable the second transmission member 22 to switch between a second transmission state rotatably locked with the first transmission member 21 and a first transmission state unrotatably locked with the first transmission member 21.

[0040] The second shift actuator 50 includes a second clutch device 41' located between the power input shaft 10 and the second transmission component 22, and a fourth clutch device 54 located between the second transmission component 22 and the first transmission component 21. The first shift actuator 50 is configured to operate the second clutch device 41' and the fourth clutch device 54 in opposite states. That is, the second shift actuator 50 is configured such that when the second clutch device 41' is engaged, the fourth clutch device 54 is necessarily disengaged, thereby placing the second transmission component 22 in a first transmission state where it is released from rotational locking with the first transmission component 21; conversely, when the second clutch device 41' is disengaged, the fourth clutch device 54 is necessarily engaged, at which point the second transmission component 22 is in a second transmission state where it is rotationally locked with the first transmission component 21. Furthermore, the second transmission component 22 acts as the input component of the transmission gear mechanism 20 regardless of whether it is in the first transmission state or the second transmission state. This is because the second transmission component 22 is always connected to the power input shaft 10 by means of the second clutch device 41', or the fourth clutch device 54 and the first clutch device 41.

[0041] Similar to the first shift actuator 40, for example, the second clutch 41' and the fourth clutch 54 are operated cooperatively in opposite states by rigidly connecting the axially movable friction element 412' of the second clutch 41' to the axially movable friction element 542 of the fourth clutch 54. In this case, the additional non-axially movable friction element 411' of the second clutch 41' is located on one axial side of the friction element 412', while the additional friction element 541 of the fourth clutch 54 is located on the opposite axial side of the friction element 542.

[0042] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the two opposing friction members 541 and 542 of the fourth clutch device 54 are both movable. Friction member 541 is fixed to the first driven portion 412 to be able to move axially with the first driven portion 412, while friction member 542 is fixed to the second driven portion 412' to be able to move axially with the second driven portion 412'. Furthermore, by giving the second driven portion 412' a greater stroke than the first driven portion 412, the axial movement direction of the friction member 542 determines the engagement / disengagement state of the fourth clutch device 54.

[0043] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the first shift actuator 40 and the second shift actuator 50 are configured to operate in a cooperative manner such that when the first clutch device 41 of the first shift actuator 40 is engaged, the second clutch device 41' of the second shift actuator 50 is disengaged, and when the second clutch device 41' is engaged, the first clutch device 41 is disengaged.

[0044] Furthermore, the second clutch device 41' includes a second driving part 411' kinematically coupled to the power input shaft 10 and a second driven part 412' belonging to the second driving part 411' and capable of axial movement relative to the second driving part 411'. The second driven part 412' is rigidly connected to the second transmission component 22. The engagement and disengagement states of the second and fourth clutch devices 41' and 54 are controlled by the axial movement of the second driven part 412'. Specifically, when the second driven part 412' moves along the first axial direction D1 to the third stop position (not shown in the figure), the second driven part 412' engages with the second driving part 411' in a non-rotatable manner, i.e., a rotationally locked manner, thereby engaging the second clutch device 41'. At the same time, the friction member 542 disengages from the other friction member 541, thereby disengaging the fourth clutch device 54. This releases the rotational lock between the second transmission component 22 and the first transmission component 21. At this time, only the second driven part 412' acts as the input component of the transmission gear mechanism 20. Furthermore, when the second driven part 412' moves along the second axial direction D2 to the fourth stop position P4 ( Figure 1 When the second driven part 412' and the second driving part 411' are kinematically decoupled, the second clutch device 41' is in an open state. At the same time, the friction member 542 engages with another friction member 541, thereby engaging the fourth clutch device 54. This causes the first transmission member 21 and the second transmission member 22 to be rotatably locked. At this time, the first transmission member 21 and the second transmission member 22 rotate together as the input member of the transmission gear mechanism 20.

[0045] According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the first clutch device 41 is configured to rotate and lock together by at least partially receiving one of the first driving portion 411 and the first driven portion 412 into the other. Specifically, one of the first driving portion 411 and the first driven portion 412 is configured as a sleeve while the other is configured as a slider with a corresponding shape, the slider being received in a locking and / or form-locking manner within the sleeve. In particular, the sleeve and the slider have a tapered shape, in which case the slider, when received within the sleeve, can engage with its outer circumferential side surface and the inner circumferential surface of the slider by means of frictional force. Figure 1 In the specific example shown, the first active part 411 is configured as a conical sleeve, and the first driven part 412 is configured as a conical slider. The first active part 411 and the first driven part 412 are arranged axially aligned so that the first driven part 412 can slide into the wide end of the first active part 411 with its narrow end side.

[0046] The above description of the structure and arrangement of the first driving part 411 and the first driven part 412 also applies to the second driving part 411' and the second driven part 412'.

[0047] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a first shifting actuator 40 has a first electromagnetic actuation unit 45 for actuating a first driven portion 412 axially relative to a first driving portion 411 and thereby causing a friction member 432 rigidly connected to the first driven portion 412 to axially move relative to another friction member 431. The first electromagnetic actuation unit 45 may include a first magnet 451 attached to the first driven portion 412 and a second magnet 452 attached to the first driving portion 411, wherein the first magnet 451 and the second magnet 452 are arranged such that their magnetic poles face each other axially. Exemplarily, the first magnet 451 may be at least partially received within the first driven portion 412. Further, the first magnet 451 may be configured, for example, as an electromagnet comprising, for example, a first coil 453 wound on an iron core, and the second magnet may be configured, for example, as a permanent magnet. In this case, by supplying a first current or a second current opposite to the first current to the first coil 453, repulsive and attractive forces can be generated between the first magnet 451 and the second magnet 452, thereby causing the first driven part 412 to move axially away from or toward the first driving part 411.

[0048] Alternatively, the first magnet 451 and the second magnet 452 may each have other suitable configurations, such as both the first and second magnets being configured as electromagnets, or the first magnet being configured as a permanent magnet and the second magnet being configured as an electromagnet.

[0049] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the first clutch device 41 further includes a first return spring 46, the first return spring 46 being configured to drive the first driven part 412 back to a first neutral position located between the first stop position P1 and the second stop position (i.e., Figure 1 When the first driven part 412 is in the first neutral position, both the first and third clutches are disengaged. Thus, when the first electromagnetic actuator 45 is de-energized and the first electromagnetic actuator 45 is not in operation, the first driven part 412 can return to and remain in the first neutral position by means of the return force of the first return spring 46.

[0050] For example, one end of the first return spring 46 is fixed to the first driving part 411, and the other end is fixed to the first driven part 412. When one of the first driving part 411 and the first driven part 412 is configured to have a sleeve, the first return spring 46 may, for example, be at least partially received in the sleeve.

[0051] The above description of the first electromagnetic actuator 45 and its first magnet 451, second magnet 452, first coil 453 and first return spring 46 also applies to the second electromagnetic actuator 45' and its first magnet 451', second magnet 452', second coil 453' and second return spring 46' of the second clutch device 41'.

[0052] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the first clutch device 41 and the second clutch device 41' have a common second magnet 452. In this case, the second magnet 452 is axially located between the first active part 411 and the second active part 411' and is fixedly connected to the first active part 411 and the second active part 411', such that one magnetic pole of the second magnet 452 faces the first active part 411 and the other magnetic pole faces the second active part 411'. Furthermore, the first coil 453 and the second coil 453' are configured to always have opposite magnetic fields in the energized state, so that the first clutch device 41 and the second clutch device 41' always have opposite engagement / disengagement states. For this purpose, in the example shown in the figures, the first coil 453 and the second coil 453' are connected in series with each other and have the same helical direction and opposite axial winding directions. Alternatively, the first clutch device 41 and the second clutch device 41' may each have their own second magnet.

[0053] Specifically, the first active part 411 and the second active part 411' are rotatably locked to each other via a connecting device 80. The connecting device 80 is rotatably locked to the second transmission gear 12 by being received at least partially within the second transmission gear 12 kinematically coupled to the power input shaft 10, and the second magnet 452 is rigidly connected to the connecting device 80.

[0054] Furthermore, the transmission system 100 also includes a control device 70 for controlling the shift actuator 30. According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the control device 70 includes a switching circuit 71, such as a full-bridge circuit, for controlling the current direction of the first coil 453 and the second coil 453'. Figure 4 As shown, the full-bridge circuit 71 includes four control switches S1, S2, S3, and S4. The full-bridge circuit 71 is configured to have at least three switching states: a first switching state in which all four switches S1, S2, S3, and S4 are open; a second switching state in which switches S2 and S3 are closed and S1 and S4 are open; and a third switching state in which switches S1 and S4 are closed and S2 and S3 are open.

[0055] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the power output shaft 15 of the transmission system 100 is connected to the differential structure 200 via, for example, a first bevel gear 16 and a second bevel gear 17. When the transmission system 100 is used in a vehicle drivetrain, the output half-shafts 13 and 14 of the differential structure 200 are connected to the wheel hubs.

[0056] The shift actuator, shift device 30, and transmission system 100 according to the present invention can be applied independently or collectively to transmission systems in various situations, and are not limited to vehicle transmission systems.

[0057] The following is combined with Figure 2-3 To explain a method for operating a shift actuator 30 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the transmission gear mechanism 20 is configured as a planetary gear mechanism consisting of a sun gear 22, at least one planet gear 23, a planet carrier 24, and a ring gear 21, and the first transmission member 21 and the second transmission structure 22 are respectively configured as the ring gear and the sun gear of the planetary gear mechanism, while the planet carrier acts as the output member of the planetary gear mechanism.

[0058] On one hand, the transmission system 100 is in neutral by bringing the full-bridge circuit 71 to a first switching state where all four switches S1, S2, S3, and S4 are open. Specifically, in this state, no current flows through the first coil 453 and the second coil 453', so the first coil 453 and the second coil 453' do not interact with the second magnet 452 due to the magnetic effect of the current. At this time, the first and second driven parts 412 and 412' are respectively in their neutral positions by means of the return force of the first and second return springs 46 and 46'. As a result, the first driving part 411 is disengaged from the first driven part 412, and the second driving part 411' is disengaged from the second driven part 412'. Then, the power input shaft 10 rotates with the first and second driving parts 411 and 411' via the first and second transmission gears 11 and 12 and the connecting device 80, without transmitting power to the planetary gear mechanism 20.

[0059] On the other hand, the transmission system 100 reaches the first speed state by placing the full-bridge circuit 71 in the second switching state where switches S2 and S3 are closed and S1 and S4 are open. Specifically, in this case, the current flows through the first coil 453 first and then through the second coil 453'. According to Ampere's law, the right end of the first coil 453 acts as the N pole and the left end acts as the S pole, and the right end of the second coil 453' acts as the S pole and the left end acts as the N pole. Under the action of the magnetic repulsion between the first coil 453 and the second magnet 452, the first coil 453, with its fixed first driven part 412, moves to the left against the spring force of the first return spring 46. Then, the first driven part 412 drives the toothed ring 21 and the friction element 432 of the third clutch device 43, which are rigidly connected to it, to move to the first stop position P1, so that the friction element 432 engages with the other friction element 431, thereby suppressing the movement of the toothed ring 21 by the stationary part 60. On the other hand, under the magnetic attraction between the second coil 453' and the second magnet 452, the second coil 453', along with its fixed second driven part 412', moves to the left against the spring force of the second return spring 46'. This causes the second driven part 412' to move the friction element 542 of the fourth clutch device 54, which is rigidly connected to it, to the left until the second driven part 412' slides into the second driving part 411' and rotates and locks with it by friction (corresponding to the third stop position not shown in the figures). This allows the sun gear 22, connected to the second driven part 412', to be driven by the second driving part 411' and used as the input element of the planetary gear mechanism. Since the ring gear 21 is fixed at this time, the transmission ratio of the planetary gear mechanism is 1 / (p+1), where p is a characteristic parameter of the planetary gear set, and its value is the ratio of the number of teeth on the ring gear to the number of teeth on the sun gear. Therefore, the transmission system 100 is in low gear at this time because 1 / (p+1) < 1.

[0060] On another front, the transmission system 100 reaches a second speed state by placing the full-bridge circuit 71 in a third switching state where switches S2 and S3 are open and S1 and S4 are closed. Specifically, in this case, the current flows through the second coil 453' first and then through the first coil 453. According to Ampere's law, the right end of the first coil 453 acts as the S pole and the left end as the N pole, and the right end of the second coil 453' acts as the N pole and the left end as the S pole. Under the magnetic attraction between the first coil 453 and the second magnet 452, the first coil 453, carrying the first driven part 412 and thereby driving the friction member 432, moves to the right against the spring force of the first return spring 46 until the first driven part 412 slides into the first driving part 411 to rotate and lock with the first driving part 411 by means of friction (corresponding to the second stop position not shown in the figure) and the third clutch device 43 is disengaged, thereby causing the gear ring 21 to disengage from the stationary member 60 and be driven by the first driving part 411 to be used as the input of the planetary gear mechanism. On the other hand, under the magnetic repulsion between the second coil 453' and the second magnet 452, the second coil 453', along with its fixed second driven part 412', moves to the right against the spring force of the second return spring 46'. The second driven part 412' then drives the friction member 542, which is rigidly connected to it, to move to the fourth stop position P4, so that the friction member 542 engages with another friction member 541, thereby causing the sun gear 22 and the ring gear 21 to rotate and lock together. When the sun gear 22 and the ring gear 21 serve as the input components for the integrated rotation of the planetary gear mechanism, the transmission ratio of the planetary gear mechanism is 1. Therefore, the transmission system 100 is in a high-speed gear with a higher speed than the aforementioned low-speed gear.

[0061] Specifically, the shift actuator is configured such that the second coil 453' has more turns than the first coil 453. In this manner, in the second switching state, the friction member 542 of the fourth clutch device 54, which is fixedly connected to the second driven part 412', can move to the left a greater distance than the other friction member 541, which is fixedly connected to the first driven part 412, thereby ensuring that the fourth clutch device 54 is disengaged in the second switching state; and, in the third switching state, the friction member 542 can move to the right a greater distance than the other friction member 541, thereby ensuring that the fourth clutch device 54 is engaged in the third switching state.

[0062] The above description of the features of the first clutch device 41 applies independently or in combination to the second clutch device 41'.

[0063] While some embodiments have been described, these embodiments are presented by way of example only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The appended claims and their equivalents are intended to cover all modifications, substitutions, and alterations that fall within the scope and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A gear shifting actuator (30), disposed between a power input shaft (10) and a transmission gear mechanism (20), comprising a first gear shifting actuator (40) for changing the transmission state of at least a first transmission component (21) in the transmission gear mechanism (20) and a second gear shifting actuator (50) for changing the transmission state of at least a second transmission component (22) in the transmission gear mechanism (20), wherein, The first shift actuator (40) and the second shift actuator (50) operate cooperatively so that the transmission gear mechanism (20) can switch between at least two transmission ratios. The first shift actuator (40) includes a first clutch device (41) located between the power input shaft (10) and the first transmission component (21) and a third clutch device (43) located between the first transmission component (21) and the stationary component (60). The first shift actuator (40) is configured to operate the first clutch device (41) and the third clutch device (43) in opposite states, and is configured to place the first transmission component (21) in its first transmission state when the first clutch device (41) is in the disengaged state and the third clutch device (43) is in the engaged state, and to place the first transmission component (21) in its second transmission state when the first clutch device (41) is in the engaged state and the third clutch device (43) is in the disengaged state; and / or The second shift actuator (50) includes a second clutch device (41') located between the power input shaft (10) and the second transmission component (22) and a fourth clutch device (54) located between the second transmission component (22) and the first transmission component (21). The second shift actuator (50) is configured to operate the second clutch device (41') and the fourth clutch device (54) in opposite states, and is configured to place the second transmission component (22) in its second transmission state when the second clutch device (41') is in the disengaged state and the fourth clutch device (54) is in the engaged state, and to place the second transmission component (22) in its first transmission state when the second clutch device (41') is in the engaged state and the fourth clutch device (54) is in the disengaged state.

2. The gear shifting actuator (30) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first transmission component (21) cannot rotate in its first transmission state and can perform rotational motion in its second transmission state, and acts as the input component of the speed-changing gear mechanism (20); and / or The second transmission component (22) acts as the input of the gear mechanism (20) in its first transmission state and engages with the first transmission component (21) in a non-rotatable manner in its second transmission state.

3. The gear shifting actuator (30) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first shift actuator (40) and the second shift actuator (50) operate in cooperation such that when the first transmission component (21) is switched to its first transmission state, the second transmission component (22) is also switched to its first transmission state, and when the first transmission component (21) is switched to its second transmission state, the second transmission component (22) is also switched to its second transmission state.

4. The shift actuator (30) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Both the first clutch device (41) and the third clutch device (43) include at least one friction element (411, 431) and at least one additional friction element (412, 432) axially movable relative to the friction element, wherein the additional friction element (412) of the first clutch device (41) is rigidly connected to the additional friction element (432) of the third clutch device (43), the friction element (411) of the first clutch device (41) is arranged on one axial side of the additional friction element (412) of the first clutch device (41), and the friction element (431) of the third clutch device (43) is arranged on the opposite axial side of the additional friction element (432) of the third clutch device (43); and / or Both the second clutch device (41') and the fourth clutch device (54) include at least one friction element (411', 541) and at least one additional friction element (412', 542) that can move axially relative to the friction element. The additional friction element (412') of the second clutch device (41') is rigidly connected to the additional friction element (542) of the fourth clutch device (54). The friction element (541) of the fourth clutch device (54) is arranged on one axial side of the additional friction element (542) of the fourth clutch device (54), and the friction element (411') of the second clutch device (41') is arranged on the opposite axial side of the additional friction element (412') of the second clutch device (41').

5. The gear shifting actuator (30) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shift actuator (30) includes a first electromagnetic actuator (45) for actuating a first shift actuator (40), the first electromagnetic actuator having a first magnet (451) and a second magnet (452) disposed relative to each other, the magnetic field of at least one of the first magnet (451) and the second magnet (452) of the first electromagnetic actuator being commutative to enable the first transmission member (21) to switch between its first transmission state and its second transmission state; and / or The shift actuator (30) includes a second electromagnetic actuator (45') for actuating a second shift actuator (50), the second electromagnetic actuator having a first magnet (451') and a second magnet (452') disposed relative to each other, the magnetic field of at least one of the first magnet (451') and the second magnet (452') of the second electromagnetic actuator (45') being reversible so as to enable the second transmission member (22) to switch between its first transmission state and its second transmission state.

6. The gear shifting actuator (30) according to claim 4, characterized in that, The shift actuator (30) includes a first electromagnetic actuator (45) for actuating a first shift actuator (40), the first electromagnetic actuator having a first magnet (451) and a second magnet (452) disposed relative to each other, the magnetic field of at least one of the first magnet (451) and the second magnet (452) of the first electromagnetic actuator being commutative to enable the first transmission member (21) to switch between its first transmission state and its second transmission state; and / or The shift actuator (30) includes a second electromagnetic actuator (45') for actuating a second shift actuator (50), the second electromagnetic actuator having a first magnet (451') and a second magnet (452') disposed relative to each other, the magnetic field of at least one of the first magnet (451') and the second magnet (452') of the second electromagnetic actuator (45') being reversible so as to enable the second transmission member (22) to switch between its first transmission state and its second transmission state.

7. The gear shifting actuator (30) according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first electromagnetic actuator (45) and the second electromagnetic actuator (45') have a common second magnet, wherein the common second magnet is located axially between the friction element (411) of the first clutch device (41) and the friction element (411') of the second clutch device (41') and is fixedly connected to the two friction elements (411, 411'). The first magnet (451) of the first electromagnetic actuator (45) is fixed to the axial side of one pole of the common second magnet to another friction element (412) of the first clutch device (41) that can move axially relative to the friction element (411). The first magnet (451') of the second electromagnetic actuator (45') is fixed to the opposite axial side of the other pole of the common second magnet to another friction element (412') of the second clutch device (41') that can move axially relative to the friction element (411').

8. The shift actuator (30) according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that, The first magnet (451) and / or the second magnet (452) of the first electromagnetic actuator (45) have a first coil (453), and the first magnet (451') and / or the second magnet (452') of the second electromagnetic actuator (45') have a second coil (453'). The first coil (453) and the second coil (453') are connected in series to control the current direction of the first coil (453) and the second coil (453') by means of a switching circuit (71).

9. The gear shifting actuator (30) according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first clutch device and / or the second clutch device are configured to reach an engaged state by one of a friction element and another friction element disposed opposite to each other receiving at least partially in the other.

10. The shift actuator (30) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The first shift actuator (40) also has a first return spring (46) for driving the first clutch and the third clutch to return to the disengaged state; and / or the second shift actuator (50) also has a second return spring (46') for driving the second clutch and the fourth clutch to return to the disengaged state; and / or The first transmission component (21) is configured as the ring gear of the planetary transmission mechanism and the second transmission component (22) is configured as the sun gear of the planetary transmission mechanism.

11. The gear shifting actuator (30) according to claim 8, characterized in that, The switching circuit (71) is a full-bridge circuit.

12. The gear shifting actuator (30) according to claim 8, characterized in that, The second coil (453') has more turns than the first coil (453).

13. The gear shifting actuator (30) according to claim 9, characterized in that, One of the friction elements of the first clutch device and / or the second clutch device and another friction element is configured to have the form of a sleeve, while the other is configured to engage a sliding body within the sleeve by means of friction.

14. The gear shifting actuator (30) according to claim 13, characterized in that, The sleeve is a tapered sleeve.

15. A transmission system (100) comprising a power input shaft (10), a transmission gear mechanism (20), and a shift actuator (30) located between the power input shaft (10) and the transmission gear mechanism (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

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