A top-driven hydraulic rotary rock drill

Abstract

The present invention provides a top-drive hydraulic rotary rock drill, which includes a percussion hammer, a gear box, a buffer cylinder and a tool shank connected in sequence. The percussion hammer includes a percussion cylinder, a percussion piston and an upper cylinder body. The percussion cylinder is hermetically and fixedly connected to the upper cylinder body. The limiting ring is embedded on the inner wall of the percussion cylinder. The percussion piston is arranged in the inner cavity of the percussion cylinder. An air valve assembly is provided on the upper cylinder body. Through the air valve assembly, gas can be filled into the cavity of the upper cylinder body for gas energy storage. Then, the pressure difference in the percussion cylinder is controlled by a valve core and a valve sleeve arranged in the valve cavity of the percussion hammer, so that the gas and the hydraulic pressure drive the percussion piston doubly. Compared with the prior art, not only a larger impact energy is obtained, but also the gas consumption is reduced, the energy utilization rate is improved, and the working efficiency is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a rock drill, and more particularly to a top-driven hydraulic rotary rock drill. Background Art

[0002] A rock drill is a tool used to directly mine stone materials. It drills holes in rock formations to place explosives to blast the rock, thereby completing the mining of stone materials or other stonework projects. Rock drills can be classified into four categories according to their power sources: pneumatic rock drills, internal combustion rock drills, electric rock drills, and hydraulic rock drills.

[0003] Existing rock drills for drilling on construction sites all use pneumatic types, that is, compressed air is used as the transmission energy method. Since the pressure reached by compressed air is relatively low, generally only less than 1 MPa, in order to break the rock and obtain a large impact energy, the compression area of the piston is designed very large, resulting in a large air consumption and high energy consumption. At the same time, due to the large number of devices, long transmission distance, and large pipeline losses, the energy utilization rate is relatively low, and the generated noise is large. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that for the existing pneumatic rock drill, due to the relatively low pressure reached by compressed air, it results in a large air consumption and high energy consumption. At the same time, due to the large number of devices, long transmission distance, and large pipeline losses, the energy utilization rate is relatively low. The present invention provides a top-driven hydraulic rotary rock drill to solve the above problems.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a top-driven hydraulic rotary rock drill, including a percussion hammer, a gear box, a buffer cylinder, and a shank connected in sequence. The percussion hammer includes a percussion cylinder, a percussion piston, an upper cylinder body, and a limiting ring. The percussion cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper cylinder body in a sealed manner. The limiting ring is embedded on the inner wall of the percussion cylinder. The percussion piston is arranged in the inner cavity of the percussion cylinder. One end of the percussion piston passes through the limiting ring and inserts into the cavity of the upper cylinder body. The other end of the percussion piston extends out of the inner cavity of the percussion cylinder. An air valve assembly is provided on the upper cylinder body, and gas can be filled into the cavity of the upper cylinder body through the air valve assembly.

[0006] Further: an oil inlet channel, a valve sleeve, and a valve core are provided on the percussion cylinder. The valve sleeve is provided with an oil inlet cavity with both ends open. The oil inlet channel communicates with the oil inlet cavity through the left-end opening of the valve sleeve. The valve core is arranged in the oil inlet cavity and can slide along the oil inlet cavity. First, second, and third oil grooves are provided on the inner wall of the valve sleeve.

[0007] Further: fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh oil grooves are provided on the inner wall of the percussion cylinder.

[0008] Further: The oil inlet channel is communicated with the fourth oil tank, the seventh oil tank is communicated with the first oil tank, the fifth oil tank is communicated with the third oil tank, and both the sixth oil tank and the second oil tank are communicated with the fuel tank.

[0009] Further: There are a first slewing motor, a second slewing motor and a motor control valve on the gearbox, and the motor control valve can control the series-parallel connection of the first slewing motor and the second slewing motor.

[0010] Further: An oil inlet accumulator and an oil return accumulator are provided on the impact hammer, and a buffer cylinder accumulator is provided on the buffer cylinder.

[0011] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that a top-driven hydraulic rotary rock drill of the present invention forms an oil pressure by introducing hydraulic oil into the inner cavity of the impact cylinder through an oil inlet oil path, and then controls the pressure difference in the impact cylinder through a spool and a valve sleeve arranged in the valve cavity of the impact hammer, and the gas pressure generated by filling nitrogen into the cavity of the upper cylinder body through a gas valve assembly, so that the gas and the hydraulic pressure drive the impact piston doubly. Compared with the prior art, not only a larger impact energy is obtained, but also the air consumption is reduced, the energy utilization rate is improved, and the working efficiency is effectively improved. Description of the Drawings

[0012] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0013] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a top-driven hydraulic rotary rock drill of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the impact hammer;

[0015] Figure 3 is Figure 2 an enlarged schematic diagram of part A in

[0016] In the figure, 1. Impact hammer, 2. Gearbox, 3. Buffer cylinder, 4. Bit tail, 5. Impact cylinder, 6. Impact piston, 7. Upper cylinder body, 8. Limit ring, 9. Gas valve assembly, 10. Oil inlet channel, 11. Valve sleeve, 12. Spool, 13. First oil tank, 14. Second oil tank, 15. Third oil tank, 16. Fourth oil tank, 17. Fifth oil tank, 18. Sixth oil tank, 19. Seventh oil tank, 20. First slewing motor, 21. Second slewing motor, 22. Motor control valve, 23. Oil inlet accumulator, 24. Oil return accumulator, 25. Buffer cylinder accumulator. Detailed Embodiments

[0017] Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, where like or similar reference numerals denote like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only for explaining the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. On the contrary, the embodiments of the present invention include all variations, modifications and equivalents falling within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

[0018] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0019] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more.

[0020] Any process or method description in the flowchart or described in other ways herein can be understood as representing a module, segment or part of code including one or more executable instructions for implementing a specific logical function or process. The scope of the preferred embodiments of the present invention includes additional implementations, where the functions can be executed in a substantially simultaneous manner or in a reverse order according to the involved functions, rather than in the order shown or discussed, and this should be understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present invention belong.

[0021] Such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, the present invention provides a top-driven hydraulic rotary rock drill, which includes a percussion hammer 1, a gear box 2, a buffer cylinder 3 and a drill rod shank 4 connected in sequence. The percussion hammer 1 includes a percussion cylinder 5, a percussion piston 6, an upper cylinder body 7 and a limit ring 8. The percussion cylinder 5 is hermetically and fixedly connected to the upper cylinder body 7. The limit ring 8 is embedded on the inner wall of the percussion cylinder 5. The percussion piston 6 is arranged in the inner cavity of the percussion cylinder. One end of the percussion piston 6 passes through the limit ring 8 and inserts into the cavity of the upper cylinder body 7. The other end of the percussion piston 6 extends out of the inner cavity of the percussion cylinder 5. An air valve assembly 9 is arranged on the upper cylinder body 7, and gas can be filled into the cavity of the upper cylinder body 7 through the air valve assembly 9.

[0022] The percussion hammer 1 adopts a hybrid power impact hammer with a nitrogen spring and hydraulic double impact. One end of the percussion piston 6 inserts into the upper cylinder body 7 to form a closed cavity. Nitrogen is filled into the cavity through the air valve assembly 9. When the hydraulic pressure drives the percussion piston 6 to move rightward in the percussion cylinder 5, the volume of the cavity in the upper cylinder body 7 is reduced, and then gas pressure is generated in the cavity. During operation, a working process of the percussion hammer 1 can be divided into returning to the zero position, starting the forward strike, ending the forward strike, and starting the return stroke.

[0023] As Figure 3 As shown in the figure, an oil inlet channel 10, a valve sleeve 11 and a valve core 12 are arranged on the percussion cylinder 5. The valve sleeve 11 is provided with an oil inlet cavity with openings at both ends. The oil inlet channel 10 is communicated with the oil inlet cavity through the left-end opening of the valve sleeve 11. The valve core 12 is arranged in the oil inlet cavity and can slide along the oil inlet cavity. First oil grooves 13, second oil grooves 14 and third oil grooves 15 are arranged on the inner wall of the valve sleeve 11.

[0024] When the valve core 12 is located at the left end of the oil inlet cavity, the first oil groove 13 is communicated with the second oil groove 14; when the valve core 12 is located at the right end of the oil inlet cavity, the first oil groove 13 is communicated with the oil inlet channel 10.

[0025] Fourth oil grooves 16, fifth oil grooves 17, sixth oil grooves 18 and seventh oil grooves 19 are arranged on the inner wall of the percussion cylinder 5. When the percussion piston 6 is located on the right side of the inner cavity of the percussion cylinder 5, the fourth oil groove 16 is communicated with the fifth oil groove 17; when the percussion piston 6 is located on the left side of the inner cavity of the percussion cylinder 5, the fifth oil groove 17 is communicated with the sixth oil groove 18. The hydraulic oil in the fourth oil groove 16 can apply a rightward pressure to the percussion piston 6, and the hydraulic oil in the seventh oil groove 19 can apply a leftward pressure to the percussion piston 6.

[0026] The oil inlet channel 10 is communicated with the fourth oil groove 16, the seventh oil groove 19 is communicated with the first oil groove 13, the fifth oil groove 17 is communicated with the third oil groove 15, and both the sixth oil groove 18 and the second oil groove 14 are communicated with the fuel tank.

[0027] When starting to work, the impact piston 6 returns to the zero position during its return stroke. The valve core 12 is located at the left end of the valve sleeve 11. The first oil groove 13 and the second oil groove 14 are in communication, enabling the hydraulic oil in the seventh oil groove 19 to flow into the fuel tank. The hydraulic oil enters the fourth oil groove 16 through the oil inlet channel 10 and enters the gap between the impact cylinder 5 and the impact piston 6 through the fourth right groove. On the right side of the fourth oil groove 16, the impact piston 6 has a boss, generating a rightward pressure on the impact piston 6, causing the impact piston 6 to move to the right, and the nitrogen spring in the upper cylinder block 7 starts to store energy. When the fourth oil groove 16 is in communication with the fifth oil groove 17, the hydraulic oil in the fifth oil groove 17 flows into the third oil groove 15, and the hydraulic oil generates a rightward pressure on the valve core 12 in the third oil groove 15, causing the valve core 12 to move to the right.

[0028] The forward impact starts. Since the valve core 12 is located at the right end of the valve sleeve 11, the hydraulic oil in the oil inlet channel 10 enters the seventh oil groove 19 through the first oil groove 13, forming a leftward pressure on the impact piston 6. At this time, the impact piston 6 is struck by the combined action of the pressure difference generated by the high-pressure oil in the fourth oil groove 16 and the seventh oil groove 19 and the nitrogen spring, and moves to the left.

[0029] The forward impact ends. The impact piston 6 is located at the left end of the impact cylinder 5. The fifth oil groove 17 is in communication with the sixth oil groove 18, enabling the hydraulic oil in the third oil groove 15 to flow into the fuel tank for pressure relief, and the valve core 12 slides to the left.

[0030] The return stroke starts. The first oil groove 13 is in communication with the second oil groove 14, enabling the hydraulic oil in the seventh oil groove 19 to flow back into the fuel tank for pressure relief. The hydraulic pressure on the impact piston 6 to the left is zero, and the impact piston 6 starts to return to the right driven by the hydraulic oil in the fourth oil groove 16.

[0031] On the gearbox 2, there are a first slewing motor 20, a second slewing motor 21, and a motor control valve 22. The motor control valve 22 can control the series-parallel connection of the first slewing motor 20 and the second slewing motor 21 to achieve double-speed and double-torque output. The series connection with high speed and low torque is suitable for soft soil layers such as sandy soil and construction waste, and the parallel connection with low speed and high torque is suitable for strata such as strongly weathered rock. The series-parallel connection of the first slewing motor 20 and the second slewing motor 21 can very effectively improve the working efficiency, and the series-parallel connection of the motors is controlled by a two-position four-way valve, effectively solving the phenomenon that the motors are dragged by the first motor due to different input flows during series connection, increasing the oil replenishing function of the motors, and effectively improving the service life of the motors.

[0032] An oil inlet accumulator 23 and an oil return accumulator 24 are provided on the impact hammer 1, and a buffer cylinder accumulator 25 is provided on the buffer cylinder 3. The oil return accumulator 24 can effectively reduce the pipeline vibration caused by intermittent oil return. The oil inlet accumulator 23 can effectively reduce the pressure fluctuation during the striking process, and at the same time, supplement the oil during the impact process when the flow rate is insufficient to improve the striking frequency. The buffer cylinder accumulator 25 can effectively prevent the influence of the pressure fluctuation during the impact process on the performance of the buffer cylinder 3.

[0033] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0034] Taking the above-mentioned ideal embodiment of the present invention as an inspiration, through the above description, relevant staff can completely make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical idea of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content in the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A top-drive hydraulic rotary rock drill, comprising a percussion hammer (1), a gearbox (2), a buffer cylinder (3) and a tool shank (4) connected in sequence, characterized in that, the percussion hammer (1) includes a percussion cylinder (5), a percussion piston (6), an upper cylinder body (7) and a limit ring (8). The percussion cylinder (5) is fixedly connected to the upper cylinder body (7) in a sealed manner. The limit ring (8) is embedded on the inner wall of the percussion cylinder (5). The percussion piston (6) is arranged in the inner cavity of the percussion cylinder (5). One end of the percussion piston (6) passes through the limit ring (8) and inserts into the cavity of the upper cylinder body (7). The other end of the percussion piston (6) extends out of the inner cavity of the percussion cylinder (5). An air valve assembly (9) is provided on the upper cylinder body (7), and gas can be filled into the cavity of the upper cylinder body (7) through the air valve assembly (9); an oil inlet accumulator (23) and an oil return accumulator (24) are provided on the percussion hammer (1); an oil inlet oil passage (10), a valve sleeve (11) and a valve core (12) are provided on the percussion cylinder (5). An oil inlet cavity with openings at both ends is provided in the valve sleeve (11). The oil inlet oil passage (10) is communicated with the oil inlet cavity through the left-end opening of the valve sleeve (11). The valve core (12) is arranged in the oil inlet cavity and can slide along the oil inlet cavity. First oil grooves (13), second oil grooves (14) and third oil grooves (15) are provided on the inner wall of the valve sleeve (11); when the valve core (12) is located at the left end of the oil inlet cavity, the first oil groove (13) is communicated with the second oil groove (14); when the valve core (12) is located at the right end of the oil inlet cavity, the first oil groove (13) is communicated with the oil inlet oil passage (10); fourth oil grooves (16), fifth oil grooves (17), sixth oil grooves (18) and seventh oil grooves (19) are provided on the inner wall of the percussion cylinder (5); when the percussion piston (6) is located on the right side of the inner cavity of the percussion cylinder (5), the fourth oil groove (16) is communicated with the fifth oil groove (17); when the percussion piston (6) is located on the left side of the inner cavity of the percussion cylinder (5), the fifth oil groove (17) is communicated with the sixth oil groove (18); the oil inlet oil passage (10) is communicated with the fourth oil groove (16), the seventh oil groove (19) is communicated with the first oil groove (13), the fifth oil groove (17) is communicated with the third oil groove (15), and both the sixth oil groove (18) and the second oil groove (14) are communicated with the fuel tank; hydraulic oil in the third oil groove (15) can generate a rightward pressure on the valve core (12) to make the valve core (12) move rightward; when the hydraulic oil in the third oil groove (15) flows into the fuel tank for pressure relief, the valve core (12) slides leftward.

2. A top-drive hydraulic rotary rock drill according to claim 1, characterized in that, a first rotary motor (20), a second rotary motor (21) and a motor control valve (22) are provided on the gearbox (2), and the motor control valve (22) can control the series-parallel connection of the first rotary motor (20) and the second rotary motor (21).

3. A top-drive hydraulic rotary rock drill according to claim 1, characterized in that, a buffer cylinder accumulator (25) is provided on the buffer cylinder (3).

Images