A gating system for metal casting

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of metal casting pouring system, including sprue cup, the bottom of sprue cup is communicated with the one end of straight runner, the bottom of straight runner is hemispherical, and the bottom of straight runner is worn out the one end of first runner, and straight runner is communicated with first runner, the side of first runner is in the shape of echelon, first runner is equipped with the echelon-shaped slag collecting bag, the upper bottom of slag collecting bag is towards the direction of sprue cup, the other end of first runner is equipped with the echelon-shaped second runner, and the upper bottom of second runner is towards the direction of sprue cup, the cross-sectional area of the cross section of first runner is equal with the cross-sectional area of the cross section of second runner, and the width of first runner is greater than the width of second runner, the height of first runner is lower than the height of second runner, wherein the length of second runner is not less than 60mm.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of metal casting, in particular to a pouring system for metal casting. BACKGROUND

[0002] The pouring system for casting is established by using the principle of hydraulics and gradually improved.

[0003] 1. Pouring system

[0004] The channel in the casting mold that guides the flow of liquid metal into the mold cavity is called a pouring system. The pouring system consists of a sprue cup, a runner, a choke, and an ingate.

[0005] 2. Runner

[0006] The main function of the runner is to slow down the flow of liquid metal and prevent slag from entering the mold cavity.

[0007] 3. Design of the runner

[0008] The data of the runner is obtained from the ingate cross-sectional area relationship or a table (see Casting Manual).

[0009] Ingate cross-sectional area relationship:

[0010]

[0011] Where

[0012] A - Minimum control flow area of ingate (cm 2 )

[0013] G - Weight of metal liquid flowing through the ingate Ag (kg);

[0014] u - Flow loss factor of the pouring system;

[0015] t - Time to fill the mold cavity (s);

[0016] Hp - Average static pressure head height (cm).

[0017] With the ingate cross-sectional area, multiply by a factor of 1.1-1.5, which is the cross-sectional area data of the runner.

[0018] The runner for casting process is diverse and has multiple purposes. The castings poured by the runner designed using the above method have fewer defects. SUMMARY

[0019] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a gating system for metal casting, which is different from the design of the above-described sprue. The gating system of the present application can make the impurities (or slag in the molten metal) in the sprue rise faster, thereby avoiding the impurities from entering the casting.

[0020] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a gating system for metal casting, comprising a sprue cup, the bottom of the sprue cup is communicated with one end of a straight sprue, the bottom of the straight sprue is in a semispherical shape, and the bottom of the straight sprue penetrates one end of a first cross-sprue, and the straight sprue is communicated with the first cross-sprue, the side part of the first cross-sprue is in a stepped shape, a slag collecting pocket in a stepped shape is arranged on the first cross-sprue, the upper bottom part of the slag collecting pocket is directed towards the direction of the sprue cup, the other end of the first cross-sprue is provided with a second cross-sprue in a stepped shape, and the upper bottom part of the second cross-sprue is directed towards the direction of the sprue cup, the cross-sectional area of the first cross-sprue is equal to the cross-sectional area of the second cross-sprue, the width of the first cross-sprue is greater than the width of the second cross-sprue, the height of the first cross-sprue is lower than the height of the second cross-sprue, and the length of the second cross-sprue is not less than 60 mm.

[0021] Preferably, the end of the first cross-sprue communicated with the straight sprue is in a semicircular plate shape, and the end of the first cross-sprue communicated with the second cross-sprue is in a square plate shape.

[0022] Further preferably, the width of the upper bottom part of the slag collecting pocket is equal to the width of the upper bottom part of the second cross-sprue, and the width of the lower bottom part of the slag collecting pocket is equal to the width of the lower bottom part of the second cross-sprue.

[0023] Still further preferably, the length of the straight sprue from the center axis to the side of the slag collecting pocket close to the straight sprue is half of the width of the lower bottom part of the first cross-sprue.

[0024] Still further preferably, the shortest length of the slag collecting pocket close to the second cross-sprue is equal to the longest length of the second cross-sprue coinciding with the first cross-sprue.

[0025] Still further preferably, the sum of the height of the slag collecting pocket and the height of the first cross-sprue is equal to the height of the second cross-sprue.

[0026] Still further preferably, the shortest length of the slag collecting pocket close to the second cross-sprue is 3 mm less than the width of the upper bottom part of the first cross-sprue.

[0027] Still further preferably, the width of the upper bottom part of the first cross-sprue is 4 mm less than the width of the lower bottom part of the first cross-sprue.

[0028] Still further preferably, the diameter of the straight sprue is half of the width of the lower bottom part of the first cross-sprue.

[0029] Still further preferably, the design method of the gating system for metal casting is as follows:

[0030] The cross-sectional area of the cross section of the first runner is equal to the cross-sectional area of the cross section of the second runner, i.e., (W1+W2)xH3 / 2=(B1+B2)xH1 / 2;

[0031] L1≥60mm;

[0032] L2=L3=W2-3mm;

[0033] H1=H2+H3;

[0034] W3=W1 / 2;

[0035] D=W2 / 2;

[0036] W1=W2+4mm;

[0037] In the formula,

[0038] W1 is the width of the lower bottom part of the first runner;

[0039] W2 is the width of the upper bottom part of the first runner;

[0040] W3 is the shortest length between the central axis of the sprue and the ladle;

[0041] B1 is the width of the upper bottom part of the ladle and the second runner, respectively;

[0042] B2 is the width of the lower bottom part of the ladle and the second runner, respectively;

[0043] H1 is the height of the second runner;

[0044] H2 is the height of the ladle;

[0045] H3 is the height of the first runner;

[0046] D is the diameter of the sprue;

[0047] L1 is the length of the second runner;

[0048] L2 is the shortest length between the ladle and the second runner;

[0049] L3 is the maximum straight line length of the second runner overlapping the first runner.

[0050] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0051] The present application is characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the first runner is equal to that of the second runner, the width of the first runner is wider than that of the second runner, the height of the first runner is lower than that of the second runner, and a slag collecting ladle is arranged on the first runner, so that the metal solution entering the first runner is filled preferentially, and the impurities in the first runner enter the slag collecting ladle, thus reducing the impurities in the metal solution flowing into the second runner, and improving the yield of metal castings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0052] The present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0053] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of the pouring system of the present application;

[0054] Figure 2 is a front view of the pouring system of the present application;

[0055] Figure 3 is a top view of the pouring system of the present application;

[0056] Figure 4 is a right view of the pouring system of the present application.

[0057] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0058] 10, sprue; 20, first runner; 30, slag collecting ladle; 40, second runner;

[0059] B-B, cross section of the first runner; A-A, cross section of the second runner;

[0060] W1 is the width of the lower bottom part of the first runner;

[0061] W2 is the width of the upper bottom part of the first runner;

[0062] W3 is the shortest length between the central axis of the sprue and the slag collecting ladle;

[0063] B1 is the width of the upper bottom part of the slag collecting ladle and the second runner, respectively;

[0064] B2 is the width of the lower bottom part of the slag collecting ladle and the second runner, respectively;

[0065] H1 is the height of the second runner;

[0066] H2 is the height of the slag collecting ladle;

[0067] H3 is the height of the first runner;

[0068] L1 is the length of the second runner;

[0069] L2 is the shortest length between the slag collecting ladle and the second runner;

[0070] L3 is the maximum straight line length of the second runner coinciding with the first runner. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. In the following description, a large number of specific details are set forth in order to facilitate a full understanding of the present application, but the present application can also be implemented in other manners different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, therefore the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0072] As Figure 1 shown in the drawings, in order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present embodiment provides a pouring system for metal casting, which comprises a sprue cup (not shown in the drawings), the bottom of the sprue cup is communicated with one end of a straight sprue 10, the bottom of the straight sprue 10 is in a semispherical shape, so that the metal liquid forms a turbulent flow zone at the bottom of the straight sprue 10, which plays a certain buffering role on the flow rate of the metal liquid. The bottom of the straight sprue 10 penetrates one end of a first runner 20, and the straight sprue 10 is communicated with the first runner 20, preferably, the diameter of the straight sprue 10 is half of the width of the lower bottom part of the first runner 20. In addition, in the present embodiment, the end of the first runner 20 communicated with the straight sprue 10 is in a semicircular plate shape, and this shape also has a certain buffering effect on the metal liquid filled into the first runner 20.

[0073] The side portion of the first runner 20 is in the shape of a ladder, and the first runner 20 is provided with a slag collecting pocket 30 in the shape of a ladder, which is used to collect the impurities flowing into the first runner 20. In the initial pouring of the molten metal, there may be some impurities, which are formed for various reasons, and the causes are not described in detail in this embodiment, and the slag collecting pocket 30 is used to collect these impurities. The upper bottom portion of the slag collecting pocket 30 is directed towards the direction of the sprue cup, and the other end of the first runner 20 is provided with a second runner 40 in the shape of a ladder, and preferably, the end of the first runner 20 and the second runner 40 is in the shape of a square plate. The upper bottom portion of the second runner 40 is directed towards the direction of the sprue cup, the cross-sectional area of the first runner 20 at the section B-B is equal to the cross-sectional area of the second runner 40 at the section A-A, the width of the first runner 20 is greater than the width of the second runner 40, the height of the first runner 20 is lower than the height of the second runner 40, and the length of the second runner is not less than 60 mm. Due to the above arrangement, the filling speed of the first runner 20 is greater than the filling speed of the second runner 40, which results in that the buoyancy of the molten metal in the first runner 20 is greater than the buoyancy of the molten metal in the second runner 40, which makes the impurities in the first runner 20 enter the slag collecting pocket 30.

[0074] In this embodiment, the width of the upper bottom portion of the slag collecting pocket 30 is equal to the width of the upper bottom portion of the second runner 40, and the width of the lower bottom portion of the slag collecting pocket 30 is equal to the width of the lower bottom portion of the second runner 40. That is, the inclination of the slag collecting pocket 30 is slightly greater than the inclination of the second runner 40, so that the floating speed of the impurities is faster, thereby avoiding the impurities in the first runner 20 flowing into the second runner 40.

[0075] In this embodiment, the length of the center axis of the sprue 10 from the side of the slag collecting pocket 30 close to the sprue 10 is half of the width of the lower bottom portion of the first runner 20. As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 That is, W3=W1 / 2, which makes the molten metal flowing out of the turbulent flow zone at the bottom of the sprue 10 have sufficient buffering time in the first runner 20.

[0076] In this embodiment, the shortest length of the slag collecting pocket 30 close to the second runner 40 is equal to the longest length of the second runner 40 overlapping the first runner 20. That is, as shown in Figure 2 L2=L3, which makes the first runner 20 and the second runner 40 maintain sufficient length, so that the filling speed of the molten metal in the first runner 20 is greater than the filling speed in the second runner 40.

[0077] In the present embodiment, the sum of the height of the slag collecting ladle 30 and the height of the first runner 20 is equal to the height of the second runner 40. That is, as shown in Figure 2 H1 = H2 + H3, and as described above (L2 = L3), so that the filling speed of the second runner 40 is not too slow, thereby avoiding the metal liquid in the second runner 40 from being cooled too quickly.

[0078] In the present embodiment, the shortest length between the slag collecting ladle 30 and the second runner 40 is 3 mm less than the width of the upper bottom portion of the first runner 20. That is, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 L2 = L3 = W2 - 3 mm, which is also to ensure that the first runner 20 has sufficient length, so that the impurities in the metal liquid flow into the slag collecting ladle 30.

[0079] Further preferably, the width of the upper bottom portion of the first runner is 4 mm less than the width of the lower bottom portion of the first runner. That is, as shown in Figure 4 W1 = W2 + 4 mm, so that the side position of the first runner 20 has a certain slope. If it is too small, it is not conducive to the floating of the impurities, and if it is too large, the impurities float too quickly, so that the impurities adhere to the surface of the cavity and do not flow into the slag collecting ladle 30.

[0080] In summary, the design method of the casting pouring system of the present embodiment should satisfy the following relationships:

[0081] The cross-sectional area B-B of the first runner is equal to the cross-sectional area A-A of the second runner, i.e., (W1 + W2) x H3 / 2 = (B1 + B2) x H1 / 2;

[0082] L1 ≥ 60 mm;

[0083] L2 = L3 = W2 - 3 mm;

[0084] H1 = H2 + H3;

[0085] W3 = W1 / 2;

[0086] D = W2;

[0087] W1 = W2 + 4 mm;

[0088] In the formula:

[0089] W1 is the width of the lower bottom portion of the first runner;

[0090] W2 is the width of the upper bottom portion of the first runner;

[0091] W3 is the shortest length between the center axis of the sprue and the slag collecting ladle.

[0092] B1 is the width of the upper bottom part of the slag collector and the second runner, respectively;

[0093] B2 is the width of the lower bottom part of the slag collector and the second runner, respectively;

[0094] H1 is the height of the second runner;

[0095] H2 is the height of the slag collector;

[0096] H3 is the height of the first runner;

[0097] L1 is the length of the second runner;

[0098] L2 is the shortest length between the slag collector and the second runner;

[0099] L3 is the maximum straight line length of the second runner coinciding with the first runner.

[0100] In addition, it should be noted that the present embodiment only provides another design of the pouring system, and other components can be processed according to specific casting process parameters, for example, the setting of the ingate, the setting of the straight runner and the setting of the pouring cup, etc.

[0101] Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A gating system for casting of metals, characterized in that The casting system comprises a sprue cup, a straight sprue, a first runner, a slag collecting pocket, and a second runner. The bottom of the sprue cup is communicated with one end of the straight sprue. The bottom of the straight sprue is in a semispherical shape. The bottom of the straight sprue penetrates one end of the first runner. The bottom of the straight sprue is communicated with the first runner. The side of the first runner is in a stepped shape. The first runner is provided with a slag collecting pocket in a stepped shape. The upper bottom of the slag collecting pocket is directed to the sprue cup. The other end of the first runner is provided with a second runner in a stepped shape. The upper bottom of the second runner is directed to the sprue cup. The cross-sectional area of the first runner is equal to the cross-sectional area of the second runner. The width of the first runner is greater than the width of the second runner. The height of the first runner is lower than the height of the second runner. The length of the second runner is not less than 60 mm. The end of the first runner communicated with the straight sprue is in a semicircular plate shape. The end of the first runner communicated with the second runner is in a square plate shape. The width of the upper bottom of the slag collecting pocket is equal to the width of the upper bottom of the second runner. The width of the lower bottom of the slag collecting pocket is equal to the width of the lower bottom of the second runner. The inclination of the slag collecting pocket is slightly greater than the inclination of the second runner. Thus, the floating speed of the impurities is faster, and the impurities in the first runner are prevented from flowing into the second runner. The shortest length of the slag collecting pocket close to the second runner is equal to the longest length of the second runner overlapped with the first runner. Thus, the filling speed of the metal liquid in the first runner is greater than the filling speed of the metal liquid in the second runner. The floating force of the metal liquid in the first runner is greater than the floating force of the metal liquid in the second runner. The side of the first runner has an inclination. The width of the upper bottom of the first runner is 4 mm less than the width of the lower bottom of the first runner. Thus, the impurities enter into the slag collecting pocket. The length of the side of the straight sprue close to the slag collecting pocket is half of the width of the lower bottom of the first runner. The design method of the casting system is as follows: The cross-sectional area of the first runner is equal to the cross-sectional area of the second runner. (W1+W2)×H3 / 2=(B1+B2)×H1 / 2 L1≥60 mm L2=L3=W2-3 mm H1=H2+H3 W3=W1 / 2 D=W2 / 2 W1=W2+4 mm In the formula, W1 is the width of the lower bottom of the first runner. W2 is the width of the upper bottom of the first runner. W3 is the shortest length between the center axis of the straight sprue and the slag collecting pocket. B1 is the width of the upper bottom of the slag collecting pocket and the second runner. B2 is the width of the lower bottom of the slag collecting pocket and the second runner. H1 is the height of the second runner. H2 is the height of the slag collecting pocket. H3 is the height of the first runner. D is the diameter of the straight sprue. L1 is the length of the second runner. L2 is the shortest length between the slag collecting pocket and the second runner. L3 is the maximum straight length of the second runner overlapped with the first runner. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

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