A cold storage device, a cold storage, and an operating method of a cold storage

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of cold storage, and particularly to a cold storage device, which comprises K×N cold storage units and N air-cooling units, where both K and N are positive integers. Among them, one cold storage unit includes a support frame and a plurality of cold storage plates. Each cold storage plate includes a housing and a cold storage substance filled in the housing, and an assembly hole is penetratingly provided on the housing. The support frame sequentially passes through the assembly holes of the plurality of cold storage plates to fix the plurality of cold storage plates and form one cold storage unit. The air-cooling unit is used to blow air to the cold storage plates to increase the speed of the cold storage plates storing or releasing cold energy. The present invention also relates to a cold storage, which includes the above-mentioned cold storage device and further includes A rows of shelves. The A cold storage devices are respectively arranged on the A rows of shelves. Items are arranged between two adjacent rows of shelves, and A is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2. The present invention also relates to an operation method of the above-mentioned cold storage to reduce the amplitude of temperature fluctuations in the cold storage and provide a temperature-stable and balanced storage environment for the items.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cold storage, and in particular to a cold storage device, a cold storage, and an operation method of the cold storage. Background Art

[0002] Items such as food, chemicals, medicine, vaccines, and scientific experiments often need to be stored in a constant temperature and humidity environment. Due to its different temperature and humidity from the outside and adjustable temperature and humidity, the cold storage has become the first choice for storing items. However, the existing cold storage has problems such as large temperature fluctuations, which can easily cause microdissolution, crystallization, or over-temperature decomposition of frozen items, resulting in item degradation or shortened shelf life and economic losses.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a cold storage device and a cold storage to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] An object of the present invention is to provide a cold storage device that can be applied in a cold storage, reduce the temperature fluctuation in the cold storage, and provide a stable storage environment for the items in the cold storage.

[0005] To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A cold storage device includes:

[0007] K×N cold storage units, where K and N are both positive integers. One cold storage unit includes:

[0008] Multiple cold storage plates, each cold storage plate includes a housing and a cold storage substance filled in the housing, and an assembly hole is penetrated through the housing;

[0009] A support frame, the support frame sequentially passes through the assembly holes of the multiple cold storage plates;

[0010] N air-cooling units, the air-cooling units are used to blow air to the cold storage plates to increase the speed of storing cold or releasing cold of the cold storage plates.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the cold storage device, the flow direction of a part of the air flow blown out by the air-cooling unit and entering the adjacent cold storage plate is the same as the length direction of the cold storage plate;

[0012] Or, the flow direction of a part of the air flow blown out by the air-cooling unit and entering the adjacent cold storage plate is the same as the width direction of the cold storage plate.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the cold storage device, the multiple cold storage plates of one cold storage unit are arranged at intervals along the thickness direction of the cold storage plate.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the cold storage device, the adjacent cold storage units are arranged along the length direction of the cold storage unit;

[0015] Or, the adjacent cold storage units are arranged along the width direction of the cold storage unit.

[0016] Another object of the present invention is to provide a cold storage with a small temperature fluctuation, which can provide a stable storage environment for the items in the cold storage.

[0017] To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0018] A cold storage includes a row A of shelves and the above-mentioned cold storage device. There are A cold storage devices, and the A cold storage devices are respectively arranged on the row A of shelves. Items are arranged between two adjacent rows of the shelves. A is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0019] As a preferred solution of the cold storage, the cold storage further includes a refrigeration main unit.

[0020] As a preferred solution of the cold storage, the cold storage further includes a plurality of temperature sensors, and the temperature sensors are used to measure the temperature of the surface of the items.

[0021] As a preferred solution of the cold storage, the cold storage further includes a controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the refrigeration main unit, the fans of the air-cooling unit and the temperature sensors. The controller can adjust the opening and closing of the refrigeration main unit and the fans, and the operating load of the refrigeration main unit according to the real-time temperature.

[0022] As a preferred solution of the cold storage, the cold storage further includes a photovoltaic device, and the photovoltaic device can supply power to the refrigeration main unit.

[0023] Another object of the present invention is to provide an operation method of a cold storage, which can reduce the temperature fluctuation in the cold storage and provide a stable storage environment for the items in the cold storage.

[0024] An operation method of the above-mentioned cold storage includes the following solutions:

[0025] Solution 1: The refrigeration main unit operates using all the power of the photovoltaic device;

[0026] If the real-time temperature of the items is lower than the phase change temperature t1 of the cold storage device, then turn on the fans. After the first preset duration T1, turn off the fans to complete the cold storage process;

[0027] If the real-time temperature is between the upper limit temperature t2 and the phase change temperature t1, then do not turn on the fans, where t2 > t1;

[0028] If the real-time temperature reaches the upper limit temperature t2, turn on the fan until the real-time temperature is lower than the medium temperature t3. If t2 > t3 > t1, then turn off the fan. If the real-time temperature is always higher than the medium temperature t3 and the real-time temperature rises within the second preset duration T2, then turn off the fan and use grid power transmission to increase the operating load of the refrigeration host until the real-time temperature is lower than the medium temperature t3, and the refrigeration host operates using all the power of the photovoltaic device;

[0029] Solution 2: Turn on the refrigeration host and the fan until the cold storage process is completed, then turn off the fan, and the operating load of the refrigeration host is adjusted in real time to ensure that the real-time temperature is always lower than the phase change temperature t1;

[0030] Solution 3: If the real-time temperature is lower than the upper limit temperature t2, do not turn on the fan;

[0031] If the real-time temperature reaches the upper limit temperature t2, turn on the fan until the real-time temperature is lower than the medium temperature t3, then turn off the fan. If the real-time temperature is always higher than the medium temperature t3 and the real-time temperature rises within the second preset duration T2, then turn off the fan, turn on the refrigeration host and adjust the operating load in real time so that the real-time temperature is always lower than the upper limit temperature t2.

[0032] As a preferred solution of an operation method of a cold storage, it includes the following:

[0033] If the first day during the day uses Solution 1, the grid power transmission is not enabled, and it is expected that the lighting conditions are good on the second day, then select Solution 3 on the first night;

[0034] If the first day during the day uses Solution 1 and the grid power transmission is enabled, then select Solution 2 on the first night;

[0035] If the first day during the day uses Solution 3 and it is expected that the lighting conditions are good on the second day, then select Solution 3 on the first night;

[0036] If the first day during the day uses Solution 3 and it is expected that the lighting conditions are poor on the second day, then select Solution 2 on the first night.

[0037] As a preferred solution of an operation method of a cold storage, the real-time temperature is the average value of the measured values of multiple temperature sensors or any one of the values.

[0038] Advantages of the present invention:

[0039] The present invention provides a cold storage device, including K×N cold storage units and N air cooling units, where K and N are both positive integers. Among them, a cold storage unit includes a support frame and a plurality of cold storage plates. Each cold storage plate includes a shell and a cold storage material filled in the shell, and the shell is provided with an assembly hole, and the support frame passes through the assembly holes of the plurality of cold storage plates in sequence to fix the plurality of cold storage plates to form a cold storage unit. The air cooling unit is used to blow air to the cold storage plate to increase the speed at which the cold storage plate stores or releases cold energy. When the cold storage device is applied to a cold storage, the cold storage plate can effectively store cold energy. When the temperature in the cold storage rises, the cold storage plate can release cold energy to reduce the speed and amplitude of the temperature rise. When the temperature in the cold storage drops, the cold storage plate can absorb cold energy to reduce the speed and amplitude of the temperature drop. That is, the cold storage device can effectively reduce the temperature fluctuation in the cold storage and provide a stable storage environment for the items in the cold storage.

[0040] The present invention also provides a cold storage, comprising the above-mentioned cold storage device, and also comprising A rows of shelves. A cold storage devices are provided, and the A cold storage devices are respectively arranged on the A rows of shelves. The items are arranged between two adjacent rows of shelves, and A is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2. It is known that the sequential arrangement of the items and the cold storage devices can increase the speed at which the cold storage device absorbs or releases cold energy to the surrounding environment of the items, improve the temperature balance in various places in the cold storage, and avoid the situation where the temperature is too high or too low locally. Therefore, the cold storage can effectively avoid temperature fluctuations in the local area of the cold storage, and provide a storage environment with a stable and balanced temperature for the items in the cold storage.

[0041] The present invention further provides an operation method for the above-mentioned cold storage, which includes three schemes and can be applied to cold storages equipped with photovoltaic devices or not equipped with photovoltaic devices. Different schemes can also be selected during peak power periods and valley power periods with different electricity prices to achieve peak power consumption and reduce the electricity cost of the cold storage. It is known that the operation method can realize automatic temperature control of the cold storage, ensure that the temperature in the cold storage is always not higher than the upper limit temperature, and set the upper limit temperature to be lower than the required temperature, so as to ensure that the real-time temperature of the items in the cold storage is always lower than the required temperature, thereby ensuring the quality of the items. In addition, the operation method can reduce the amplitude of temperature fluctuations in the cold storage, provide a storage environment with stable and balanced temperature for the items, and reduce economic costs and improve energy efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a first arrangement of a cold storage unit and an air cooling unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a second arrangement of a cold storage unit and an air cooling unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3It is a schematic structural diagram of the cold storage plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first arrangement mode of the cold storage unit and the shelf provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the second arrangement mode of the cold storage unit and the shelf provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] In the figure:

[0048] 1. Cold storage plate; 11. Assembly hole;

[0049] 2. Support frame; 21. Depth rod; 22. Transverse stop bar;

[0050] 3. Fan;

[0051] 4. Shelf. Detailed implementation manners

[0052] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than limiting the present invention. In addition, it should be noted that only the parts related to the present invention are shown in the drawings for the convenience of description, rather than all of them.

[0053] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0054] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include the direct contact between the first and second features, or may include the situation where the first and second features are not in direct contact but in contact through other features between them. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "under" and "beneath" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0055] Existing cold storages face problems such as large temperature fluctuations, where frozen items are prone to micro - dissolution, crystallization, or over - temperature decomposition, leading to item degradation or shortened shelf life and causing economic losses. Therefore, this embodiment provides a cold - storage device to solve the above problems.

[0056] As Figures 1 - 3 shown, the cold - storage device includes a cold - storage unit and an air - cooling unit. The cold - storage unit is used to absorb and release cold, and the air - cooling unit is used to accelerate the speed of the cold - storage unit absorbing and releasing cold. Specifically, a cold - storage device includes K×N cold - storage units and N air - cooling units, where both K and N are positive integers. That is, one air - cooling unit corresponds to K cold - storage units. Among them, the values of K and N can be selected according to the refrigeration space, refrigeration temperature, characteristics of the cold - storage substance, etc.

[0057] A cold - storage unit includes a support frame 2 and multiple cold - storage plates 1. Each cold - storage plate 1 includes a housing and a cold - storage substance filled in the housing. When the cold - storage device is applied in a cold storage, the cold - storage temperature of the cold - storage substance should be lower than the required temperature of the cold storage to ensure that when the temperature in the cold storage rises above the cold - storage temperature, the cold - storage substance can release cold to try to ensure that the temperature in the cold storage does not exceed the required temperature.

[0058] To connect and assemble multiple cold - storage plates 1 into a cold - storage unit for convenient transportation and fixation, as Figure 3 shown, the housing of the cold - storage plate 1 is provided with assembly holes 11 penetrating through it. The support frame 2 passes through the assembly holes 11 of multiple cold - storage plates 1 in sequence to fix multiple cold - storage plates 1 and form a cold - storage unit.

[0059] Preferably, multiple cold - storage plates 1 of a cold - storage unit are arranged in a straight - line at intervals and in parallel, and multiple cold - storage plates 1 are arranged along the thickness direction of the cold - storage plate 1, so that the volume of a cold - storage unit is smaller and the occupied space of the cold - storage unit is reduced. As Figures 1 - 3 shown, the length direction of the cold - storage plate 1 is the X - axis direction, the width direction is the Y - axis direction, and the thickness direction is the Z - axis direction.

[0060] As Figure 1 shown, the support frame 2 includes at least two depth rods 21 and at least two transverse stop rods 22. Taking the case where both the depth rods 21 and the transverse stop rods 22 are set to two as an example, two assembly holes 11 are provided on each cold - storage plate 1, and the two depth rods 21 pass through the two assembly holes 11 respectively to ensure that the cold - storage plate 1 will not rotate around the depth rod 21. The two depth rods 21 connect multiple cold - storage plates 1 to form a cold - storage unit. The two ends of the transverse stop rod 22 are respectively connected to the two depth rods 21, and the two transverse stop rods 22 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the depth rod 21 to block the cold - storage plate 1 from moving along the length direction of the depth rod 21, that is, the thickness direction of the cold - storage plate 1, so as to fix the cold - storage plate 1.

[0061] To enable the cold storage plate 1 to release or absorb cold evenly at all locations and maximize the cold storage capacity of the cold storage plate 1, the wind direction of the air-cooling unit can be set to blow air into the gaps between adjacent cold storage plates 1. Specifically, as Figure 1 shown, the flow direction of a part of the air flow blown by the air-cooling unit into adjacent cold storage plates 1 is the same as the length direction of the cold storage plate 1. For a cuboid-shaped cold storage plate 1, the side surface formed by the length and width has the largest area, that is, the surfaces of adjacent cold storage plates 1 facing each other. When the air flow passes through this surface along the length direction of the cold storage plate 1, it can ensure the maximum contact area between the air flow and the cold storage plate 1, improve the heat exchange efficiency, and avoid the situation of too low local heat exchange efficiency.

[0062] Of course, in other embodiments, as Figure 2 shown, the wind direction of the air-cooling unit can also be set such that the flow direction of a part of the air flow entering adjacent cold storage plates 1 is the same as the width direction of the cold storage plate 1, which can also make the air flow pass through the side surface with the largest area of the cold storage plate 1 and ensure the heat exchange efficiency. The position of the air-cooling unit can be set according to the specific space distribution in the cold storage.

[0063] As Figure 4 shown, optionally, adjacent cold storage units are arranged along the length direction of the cold storage unit, or as Figure 5 shown, adjacent cold storage units are arranged along the width direction of the cold storage unit. The above two arrangement methods can be selected according to the spatial form of the cold storage. Of course, in a cold storage, some cold storage units can also use the Figure 4 shown arrangement method, and some cold storage units can use the Figure 5 shown arrangement method.

[0064] It can be known that when this cold storage device is applied in a cold storage or other refrigeration environments, the cold storage plate 1 can effectively store cold. When the temperature in the cold storage rises, the cold storage plate 1 can release cold to reduce the speed and amplitude of the temperature rise. When the temperature in the cold storage drops, the cold storage plate 1 can absorb cold to reduce the speed and amplitude of the temperature drop. That is, this cold storage device can effectively reduce the temperature fluctuation in the cold storage and provide a stable storage environment for the items in the cold storage.

[0065] For regions with different time-of-use electricity prices, applying this cold storage device can also store cold when the electricity price is low and maintain a low temperature by means of the cold released by the cold storage device when the electricity price is high, so as to reduce the power consumption. While ensuring the storage quality of the items in the cold storage, it can also reduce the economic cost of the cold storage operation and shift the electricity consumption peak.

[0066] This embodiment also provides a cold storage including the above-mentioned cold storage device. The cold storage further includes Row A of shelves 4. There are A cold storage devices in the cold storage, and the A cold storage devices are respectively arranged on Row A of shelves 4. Items are arranged between two adjacent rows of shelves 4, and A is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2. For example, when four rows of shelves 4 are arranged, one cold storage device is arranged on each row of shelves 4, and three layers of items can be placed between the four rows of shelves 4, that is, cold storage devices are arranged above and below each layer of items. Of course, one layer of items with a relatively higher required temperature can be placed on the topmost row of shelves 4.

[0067] It can be known that the sequential arrangement of items and cold storage devices can improve the speed at which the cold storage devices absorb or release cold to the surrounding environment of the items, improve the temperature balance in various parts of the cold storage, and avoid the situation of too high or too low temperature locally. Therefore, this cold storage can effectively avoid local temperature fluctuations in the cold storage and provide a stable and balanced storage environment for the items in the cold storage.

[0068] Preferably, the cold storage further includes a refrigeration main unit. The cold storage is refrigerated by the refrigeration main unit, which can, on the one hand, ensure the low-temperature environment in the cold storage and, on the other hand, convey cold to the cold storage devices.

[0069] In order to monitor the temperature of the items in real time, preferably, the cold storage further includes a plurality of temperature sensors, which are used to measure the real-time temperature on the surface of the items.

[0070] To achieve automatic temperature control in the cold storage, ensure timely regulation of the temperature inside the cold storage, and avoid over-temperature situations in manual operations. Preferably, the cold storage further includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the refrigeration host, the air-cooling unit, and the temperature sensor. Specifically, the controller can adjust the opening and closing of the refrigeration host and the air-cooling unit, as well as the operating load of the refrigeration host according to the real-time temperature. For example, the controller can turn on the refrigeration host and the air-cooling unit when the electricity price is low to store cold in the cold storage device. After the cold storage is completed, the air-cooling unit is turned off, and the refrigeration host adjusts the operating load in real time to ensure that the temperature inside the cold storage is lower than the phase change temperature of the cold storage material, so as to ensure that the cold storage material absorbs the maximum amount of cold. During the period when the electricity price is high, the controller can control the refrigeration unit to turn off or operate at low power to reduce the power consumption of the refrigeration unit. At the same time, monitor the real-time temperature. When the real-time temperature is higher than the phase change temperature, to prevent the real-time temperature from rising to the upper limit temperature of the goods, the controller can control the air-cooling unit to turn on to accelerate the release of cold from the cold storage device, so that the real-time temperature is maintained between the upper limit temperature and the phase change temperature of the goods. Until almost all the cold in the cold storage device is released and the real-time temperature rises to the upper limit temperature, the controller can control the refrigeration unit to turn on to ensure that the real-time temperature does not rise further. It can be known that the controller can realize the automatic control of the real-time temperature in the cold storage, while ensuring that the real-time temperature is always lower than the required temperature, and try to stagger the peak electricity consumption to reduce the economic investment. Optionally, the real-time temperature can be the average value, the minimum value of the measured values of multiple temperature sensors, or the temperature value obtained through multiple measured values, which can be determined according to the temperature requirements of the stored goods and can represent the temperature situation inside the cold storage.

[0071] Preferably, the cold storage further includes a photovoltaic device, which can supply power to the refrigeration host. A large number of cold storages equipped with photovoltaic devices can effectively improve the utilization rate of clean energy, further reduce the power consumption during the day, and achieve energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0072] This embodiment also provides an operation method for the above cold storage, including the following solutions:

[0073] Solution 1:

[0074] This solution is applicable during the day when the grid electricity price is high, but the photovoltaic device can continuously generate electricity. At this time, the refrigeration host operates using all the electricity of the photovoltaic device, that is, all the generated electricity of the photovoltaic device is used to supply the operation of the refrigeration host to ensure the refrigeration needs inside the cold storage. It can be known that this solution is applicable to cold storages equipped with photovoltaic devices, that is, cold storages with a larger refrigeration scale. The specifications of the photovoltaic device can be determined according to the size of the cold storage, the quantity of stored goods, and the maximum allowable storage temperature of the goods.

[0075] The controller adjusts the opening and closing of the refrigeration host and the air-cooled unit, as well as the operating load of the refrigeration host, according to the real-time temperature, so as to realize the automatic control of the real-time temperature in the cold storage. While ensuring that the real-time temperature is always lower than the required temperature, it tries to avoid peak electricity consumption, reduce economic investment, and improve energy efficiency. Preferably, the real-time temperature is the average value of the measured values of multiple temperature sensors or any one of the values. For example, take the second lowest measured value or the third highest measured value among the measured values of multiple temperature sensors. Of course, in other embodiments, the average value can be calculated after eliminating the highest value and the lowest value as the real-time temperature to exclude the temperature measurement error caused by the failure of individual temperature sensors. Of course, it is also possible to focus on the real-time temperature of items with high temperature sensitivity according to the different sensitivities of different items placed in different areas of the cold storage to temperature. For example, different weights are set for items with different temperature sensitivities, and the sum of all weights of the temperatures is 1. The calculated value obtained by multiplying the temperature measurement value by the corresponding weight and then summing is used as the real-time temperature.

[0076] Specifically, when the refrigeration host only uses the power generated by the photovoltaic device, if the real-time temperature of the item is lower than the phase change temperature t1 of the cold storage device, that is, the photovoltaic conditions are excellent and the photovoltaic power is sufficient. At this time, the controller controls the fan 3 to turn on to enhance the cold storage rate of the cold storage device and improve the storage speed of energy. After the first preset time period T1, it is considered that the cold storage device has reached cold storage saturation. At this time, the controller controls the fan 3 to turn off to complete the cold storage process. Of course, it is also possible to use the continuous increase in the reduction speed of the real-time temperature, which increases to the preset cooling rate, as a sign that the cold storage device has reached cold storage saturation.

[0077] If the real-time temperature is between the upper limit temperature t2 and the phase change temperature t1, where t2 > t1, then at this time the photovoltaic conditions are average and the photovoltaic power is medium. The refrigeration device can only maintain the basic cold quantity requirement in the cold storage and does not have the condition for cold storage. At this time, the controller controls the fan 3 not to turn on to avoid the fan 3 running and consuming electricity without reason and improve the utilization efficiency of energy.

[0078] If the real-time temperature reaches the upper limit temperature t2, the photovoltaic conditions at this time are poor, the photovoltaic power is low, or the ambient temperature is too high, and the cold storage is opened many times. Since the ambient temperature is much higher than the phase change temperature t1, the controller controls the fan 3 to turn on at this time to release the cold in the cold storage device first. At this time, two situations will occur. One is that the real-time temperature drops below the medium temperature t3, where t2>t3>t1. That is, at this time, the temperature in the cold storage is low, which can ensure that it will not rise to the upper limit temperature t2 for a period of time, then the controller controls the fan 3 to turn off to reduce the power consumption of the fan 3. The other is that the real-time temperature is always higher than the medium temperature t3, and the real-time temperature rises within the second preset time length T2, then it is also considered that the cold in the cold storage device has been almost completely released and is not enough to maintain the temperature of the items. At this time, the controller controls the fan 3 to turn off to avoid the fan 3 running without power consumption. At the same time, the controller controls the refrigeration host to use the power transmission of the power grid and the power generation of the photovoltaic device to increase the operating load of the refrigeration host. Until the real-time temperature is lower than the medium temperature t3, the refrigeration host reduces the operating load, no longer uses the power transmission of the power grid, and only uses the full power of the photovoltaic device to operate. That is, while ensuring that the real-time temperature will not rise to the upper limit temperature t2 within a period of time and the low-temperature storage of items is guaranteed, the use of power transmission from the power grid is reduced as much as possible.

[0079] Solution 2: This solution is applicable to the nighttime operation of cold storages that are not equipped with photovoltaic devices, and also to cold storages that are equipped with photovoltaic devices, and are expected to operate at night when the subsequent lighting conditions are poor. Since the power price of the grid is low at night, the temperature is low at night, the heat dissipation is small, the temperature difference is small, the energy utilization rate in the cold storage process is higher, and the economy is better.

[0080] The controller controls the refrigeration host and the fan 3 to turn on. When the real-time temperature of the object is lower than the phase change temperature t1 of the cold storage device, the timing starts. After the first preset time T1, it is considered that the cold storage device has reached cold storage saturation. At this time, the controller controls the fan 3 to turn off to complete the cold storage process. Of course, the real-time temperature reduction rate can also be continuously increased to a preset temperature reduction rate as a sign that the cold storage device has reached cold storage saturation.

[0081] At this time, the controller controls the operating load of the refrigeration host to adjust in real time to ensure that the real-time temperature is always lower than the phase change temperature t1.

[0082] Option 3: This option can be used for daytime operation of cold storages that are not equipped with photovoltaic devices. This option can also be used for daytime operation of cold storages that are equipped with photovoltaic devices when the lighting conditions are poor. This option can also be used for nighttime operation of cold storages that are equipped with photovoltaic devices when the lighting conditions are good during the day.

[0083] Specifically, if the real-time temperature is lower than the upper limit temperature t2, in order to reduce power consumption, the controller controls the fan 3 not to turn on. If the real-time temperature reaches the upper limit temperature t2, it is necessary to release the cold energy by means of the cold storage device to maintain a low temperature. Specifically, the controller controls the fan 3 to turn on. At this time, two situations will occur. One is that the real-time temperature drops below the medium temperature t3, that is, the temperature in the cold storage is relatively low at this time, and it can be ensured that the temperature will not rise to the upper limit temperature t2 within a certain period of time. Then the controller controls the fan 3 to turn off to reduce the power consumption of the fan 3. The other is that the real-time temperature is always higher than the medium temperature t3, and the real-time temperature rises within the second preset duration T2. It is also considered that almost all the cold energy in the cold storage device has been released and is not enough to maintain the temperature of the items. At this time, the controller controls the fan 3 to turn off to avoid the fan 3 running and consuming power without reason. At the same time, the controller controls the refrigeration host to turn on and adjusts the operating load of the refrigeration host in real time, so that the real-time temperature is always lower than the upper limit temperature t2, and on the premise of ensuring that this low temperature condition is met, the power consumption is reduced as much as possible to ensure the energy utilization rate.

[0084] If the first day during the day, the first scheme is used and the grid power transmission is not enabled, and it is expected that the lighting conditions are good on the second day, then the third scheme is selected at night on the first day, that is, only maintaining a low temperature at night is required and no cold storage is needed, so as to use solar energy to store cold during the day on the second day. If the first day during the day, the first scheme is used and the grid power transmission is enabled, it is very likely that there is no cold storage reserve during the day. In order to make cold storage preparations for the second day during the day in advance, preferably, the second scheme is selected at night on the first day. If the third scheme is used on the first day during the day, it can be known that there is no cold storage reserve during the day, but it is expected that the lighting conditions are good on the second day, then the third scheme is selected at night on the first day. If the third scheme is used on the first day during the day and it is expected that the lighting conditions are poor on the second day, then the second scheme is selected at night on the first day to make cold storage preparations and reduce the power consumption during the day on the second day.

[0085] Obviously, the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly explaining the present invention, and are not limitations on the implementation manners of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all the implementation manners here. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for operating a cold storage, the cold storage comprising a row A of shelves (4) and a cold storage device, the cold storage device comprising K×N cold storage units, where both K and N are positive integers, and one of the cold storage units comprising: Multiple cold storage plates (1), each cold storage plate (1) comprising a housing and a cold storage material filled in the housing, and an assembly hole (11) penetrating through the housing; a support frame (2), the support frame (2) sequentially passing through the assembly holes (11) of the multiple cold storage plates (1); N air-cooling units, the air-cooling units being configured to blow air to the cold storage plates (1) to increase the speed of storing or releasing cold of the cold storage plates (1), A cold storage devices being provided, the A cold storage devices being respectively arranged on A rows of the shelves (4), articles being arranged between two adjacent rows of the shelves (4), A being a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, the cold storage also comprising a refrigeration main unit; multiple temperature sensors, the temperature sensors being configured to measure the temperature of the surface of the articles; a controller, the controller being electrically connected to the refrigeration main unit, the fan (3) of the air-cooling unit and the temperature sensors, and the controller being capable of adjusting the opening and closing of the refrigeration main unit and the fan (3) and the operating load of the refrigeration main unit according to the real-time temperature; a photovoltaic device, the photovoltaic device being capable of supplying power to the refrigeration main unit, characterized in that the operation method of the cold storage comprises the following solutions: Solution 1: This solution is applicable to daytime and the photovoltaic device can continuously generate electricity, and the refrigeration main unit operates using all the electricity of the photovoltaic device; If the real-time temperature of the articles is lower than the phase change temperature t1 of the cold storage device, the fan (3) is turned on, and after a first preset duration T1, the fan (3) is turned off to complete the cold storage process; If the real-time temperature is between the upper limit temperature t2 and the phase change temperature t1, the fan (3) is not turned on, t2>t1; If the real-time temperature reaches the upper limit temperature t2, the fan (3) is turned on until the real-time temperature is lower than the medium temperature t3, where t2>t3>t1, then the fan (3) is turned off. If the real-time temperature is always higher than the medium temperature t3 and the real-time temperature rises within a second preset duration T2, the fan (3) is turned off, and the power grid power transmission is used to increase the operating load of the refrigeration main unit until the real-time temperature is lower than the medium temperature t3, and the refrigeration main unit operates using all the electricity of the photovoltaic device; Solution 2: This solution is applicable to the operation of the cold storage at night without a photovoltaic device, or the operation of the cold storage at night when it is expected that the subsequent light conditions are poor for a cold storage equipped with a photovoltaic device; the refrigeration main unit and the fan (3) are turned on until the cold storage process is completed, the fan (3) is turned off, and the operating load of the refrigeration main unit is adjusted in real time to ensure that the real-time temperature is always lower than the phase change temperature t1; Solution 3: Applicable to the operation of the cold storage during the day without a photovoltaic device, or the cold storage equipped with a photovoltaic device can also select this solution during the day when the light conditions are poor, or the cold storage equipped with a photovoltaic device can also select this solution at night when the light conditions are good during the day. If the real-time temperature is lower than the upper limit temperature t2, the fan (3) is not turned on; If the real-time temperature reaches the upper limit temperature t2, turn on the fan (3) until the real-time temperature is lower than the medium temperature t3, and then turn off the fan (3). If the real-time temperature is always higher than the medium temperature t3 and the real-time temperature rises within the second preset duration T2, turn off the fan (3) and turn on the refrigeration host and adjust the operation load in real time to ensure that the real-time temperature is always lower than the upper limit temperature t2.

2. The operating method of the cold storage according to claim 1, wherein The flow direction of a part of the air flow blown by the air-cooling unit into the adjacent cold storage plate (1) is the same as the length direction of the cold storage plate (1); Or, the flow direction of a part of the air flow blown by the air-cooling unit into the adjacent cold storage plate (1) is the same as the width direction of the cold storage plate (1).

3. The operating method of the cold storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of the cold storage plates (1) of one cold storage unit are arranged at intervals along the thickness direction of the cold storage plate (1).

4. The operating method of the cold storage according to claim 1, characterized in that Adjacent cold storage units are arranged along the length direction of the cold storage unit; Or, adjacent cold storage units are arranged along the width direction of the cold storage unit.

5. The operation method of the cold storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes the following content: If the first day is during the day and the first solution is used, the grid power transmission is not enabled, and it is expected that the lighting conditions will be good on the second day, then select the third solution at night on the first day; If the first day is during the day and the first solution is used and the grid power transmission is enabled, then select the second solution at night on the first day; If the first day is during the day and the third solution is used and it is expected that the lighting conditions will be good on the second day, then select the third solution at night on the first day; If the first day is during the day and the third solution is used and it is expected that the lighting conditions will be poor on the second day, then select the second solution at night on the first day.

6. The operating method of the cold storage according to claim 1, characterized in that The real-time temperature is the average value of the measured values of multiple temperature sensors or any one of the values.

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