A new type of air bearing with high stability and wear resistance

Abstract

The present invention discloses a novel air bearing with high stability and wear resistance, comprising an outer sleeve, a front thrust plate and a rear thrust plate fixedly mounted on the outer sleeve, and a bearing inner ring fixedly mounted in the outer sleeve, a radial throttling hole being provided on the bearing inner ring, and an air cavity being provided between the outer sleeve and the bearing inner ring, the air cavity being connected with an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe, the front thrust plate and the rear thrust plate being provided with an air spring structure with buffering capacity, the air inlet pipe being fixedly connected with a bent pipe, and a movable seat structure with an air pressure driving function being installed in the bent pipe; the present invention can achieve the effect of automatically controlling the opening and closing of the air inlet and outlet channels by controlling the switch structure and the static pressure supply structure through the movable seat structure, and can achieve the effect of automatically controlling the opening and closing of the air inlet and outlet channels by controlling the switch structure and the static pressure supply structure when the air source supply is disconnected, and can compress the existing gas therein through the static pressure supply structure to generate static pressure for supporting the main shaft, so that the main shaft can start quickly when resuming movement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of high-precision machining, in particular to a novel air bearing with high stability and wear resistance. Background Art

[0002] Bearings are an important component in modern mechanical equipment. Their main function is to support the mechanical rotating body, reduce the friction coefficient during its movement, and ensure its rotation accuracy.

[0003] Rolling bearings are currently standardized and serialized, offering high load capacity and easy maintenance, but they suffer from poor motion precision. Liquid sliding bearings, with their high damping and stiffness, offer advantages over rolling bearings, such as low noise, low vibration, and long life. However, as speed increases, their drawbacks, including low rotational precision, high temperatures, short service life, and high power consumption, become increasingly apparent. Furthermore, during high-speed operation, rolling and liquid sliding bearings inevitably generate heat, causing evaporation of the bearing lubricant, polluting the environment and making them unsuitable for clean environments. To address these issues, a new type of bearing, air bearings, which utilize the elastic potential energy of air for support, have gained widespread industrial application.

[0004] Existing air bearings have low damping and stiffness coefficients in the load-bearing direction, resulting in a prolonged response time to impacts during motion and low air bearing system stability, which in turn affects machining accuracy. Furthermore, after use, existing air bearings can experience a loss of air supply. The loss of air pressure causes the spindle mounted within the bearing to come into direct contact with the bearing, resulting in significant friction during startup, affecting startup speed and preventing frequent starts, significantly reducing the performance, lifespan, and efficiency of the entire machine. To address this, we propose a new, highly stable and wear-resistant air bearing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a new type of air bearing with high stability and wear resistance to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a new type of air bearing with high stability and wear resistance, comprising an outer sleeve, a front thrust plate and a rear thrust plate fixedly mounted on the outer sleeve, and a bearing inner ring fixedly mounted in the outer sleeve, a radial throttling hole being provided on the bearing inner ring, and an air cavity being provided between the outer sleeve and the bearing inner ring, the air cavity being connected with an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe, and an air inlet joint being fixedly mounted on the air inlet pipe, an air spring structure with buffering capacity being provided on the front thrust plate and the rear thrust plate, a bent pipe being fixedly connected to the intake pipe, and the bent pipe being connected with the air cavity, a movable seat structure with a pneumatic driving function being installed in the bent pipe, and a switch structure with a three-way opening and closing function being connected to the movable seat structure, a transmission rope being fixedly connected to the movable seat structure, and the transmission rope being connected to a static pressure supply structure with a compression function, and the static pressure supply structure being connected with the air cavity.

[0007] Preferably, the air spring structure includes a lower chamber provided on the front thrust plate or the rear thrust plate, and the lower chamber is connected to a damping hole, the damping hole is connected to an upper chamber, and a damping piston is fixedly installed on the upper chamber.

[0008] Preferably, the air spring structure is installed in a ring shape on the front thrust plate and the rear thrust plate, and the air spring structures on the front thrust plate and the rear thrust plate are mirror-image structures, and the main shaft in the air bearing is installed between the air spring structures on the front thrust plate and the rear thrust plate, the damping hole is a throttle hole, and the upper chamber is connected to the air cavity, and the damping piston is blocked and installed on the channels between the two.

[0009] Preferably, the movable seat structure includes an inner stop block fixedly installed in the bent pipe, and a first spring is fixedly connected to the inner stop block, a sliding seat is fixedly connected to the first spring, and a moving rod is fixedly connected to the sliding seat, a movable soft rod is fixedly connected to the moving rod, and a resistance plug is fixedly installed on the movable soft rod, and the movable soft rod is contact-connected to the guide ball.

[0010] Preferably, the inner stop block is installed on the inner wall of the bent pipe, and the slide is slidably installed in the inner wall of the bent pipe, the movable rod is connected to the slide, and its two ends are extended on both sides of the slide, the movable soft rod is fixedly connected to one end of the movable rod, and the resistance plug is fixedly installed on the end of the movable soft rod, and the guide ball is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the joint between the intake pipe and the bent pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the switch structure includes a bend plug fixedly connected to the other end of the moving rod, and a connecting rod is fixedly installed on the bend plug, an air inlet pipe plug is fixedly installed on the connecting rod, a structural rod is fixedly connected to the bend plug, and a push rod is fixedly installed on the structural rod, a sealing door is installed on the air outlet pipe, the bend is installed on the side of the air inlet pipe, and the bend plug and the air inlet pipe plug are respectively installed on the side of the connecting rod, the air inlet pipe plug is movably connected to the air inlet pipe, the structural rod adopts an arc rod, and the structural rod is located in the air cavity, the push rod is installed at the end of the structural rod, and the sealing door is composed of two semicircular pieces hinged at the air outlet pipe port, and a torsion spring is connected to the semicircular piece.

[0012] Preferably, the transmission rope passes through the sealing rope loop connected to the bottom of the bent pipe, and the static pressure supply structure includes a guide sleeve and a piston rod, a static pressure piston is fixedly connected to the piston rod, and the static pressure piston is slidably installed in the piston tube, and a second spring is fixedly connected to the static pressure piston.

[0013] Preferably, the guide sleeve is an arc-shaped rope sleeve, and the transmission rope is movably installed in the guide sleeve, the two ends of the transmission rope are respectively connected to the movable seat structure and the end block of the piston rod, and the static pressure piston is fixedly installed on the top of the piston rod, the piston tube is fixedly connected to the outer sleeve, and the tube cavity of the piston tube is connected to the air cavity, and the second spring is connected between the static pressure piston and the tube wall of the piston tube.

[0014] Preferably, the front thrust plate and the rear thrust plate are respectively connected to the two ends of the outer sleeve, and the front thrust plate and the rear thrust plate are both provided with main shaft mounting holes, and the inner ring of the bearing is connected between the front thrust plate and the rear thrust plate, the radial throttle holes are arranged in a plurality of annular distributions on the inner ring of the bearing, the air inlet joint is externally connected to the air source, and a filtering structure is provided on the air inlet joint.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The air bearing of the present invention is a dynamic pressure structure, with an outer sleeve, a front thrust plate, and a rear thrust plate forming a closed main structure. A bearing inner ring is mounted within the outer sleeve. The bearing inner ring is provided with evenly distributed radial throttle holes, and an air cavity is defined between the bearing inner ring and the outer sleeve. During operation, gas is supplied to the air cavity through an inlet pipe and then discharged through an outlet pipe. The imbalance in the inlet and outlet air volumes creates a pressure difference, which in turn flows through the radial throttle holes to form an air film in the bearing inner ring. This supports the spindle mounted within the bearing and ensures good rotational performance.

[0017] 2. In the present invention, while utilizing radial throttle holes to form radial support force on the main shaft, an air spring structure is also installed on the front thrust plate and the rear thrust plate based on the air spring principle, which can provide axial support force for the main shaft, reduce friction, and achieve smooth and high-speed operation of the main shaft. The air spring structure mainly utilizes an upper chamber and a lower chamber to form a double-chamber structure, both of which are filled with pressurized air, and a damping hole is provided at the blocking part between the two. The damping piston is installed at the end of the upper chamber, located in the air cavity, and can contact the main shaft. When the damping piston is squeezed and vibrated, a pressure difference can be generated in the upper chamber. The pressure difference causes the air to reciprocate through the damping hole between the chambers to produce a throttling effect, converting the vibration energy into heat energy, thereby achieving the purpose of attenuating the vibration, which is very effective.

[0018] 3. The present invention also installs a bend pipe as a branch pipe structure on the air inlet pipe, in which a movable seat structure is installed. The movable seat structure controls the switch structure and the static pressure supply structure to achieve the effect of automatically controlling the opening and closing of the air inlet and outlet channels. When the air source supply is disconnected, the outer sleeve is automatically closed, and the static pressure supply structure compresses the existing gas therein to generate static pressure for supporting the main shaft, so that the main shaft can start quickly when resuming movement, and is subject to very little friction resistance, thereby increasing its working efficiency. The movement of the movable seat structure follows the supply state of the air source. When the air source supplies air and pressure to the intake pipe through the intake joint, the switch structure can complete the connection of the entire airway, so that the air bearing can work normally. When there is no more gas pushing in the intake pipe, the reset of the movable seat structure will cause the elbow plug, the intake pipe plug and the sealing door to reset and close in succession, so that the outer sleeve forms a closed structure, which is filled with gas, providing conditions for the action of the static pressure supply structure. The static pressure supply structure sends the gas in the piston tube into the air cavity, thereby generating highly compressed gas, forming static pressure to support the main shaft, and ensuring that it can start quickly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 is a first cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 Based Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of area A in the middle;

[0023] Figure 5 is a second cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the shaft-removed state of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a side view of the cutaway state of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the dynamic and static pressure supply system of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of the dynamic and static pressure supply system of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 10 for Figure 9 Enlarged schematic diagram of area B in the middle.

[0029] In the figure: outer sleeve 1, front thrust plate 2, rear thrust plate 3, bearing inner ring 4, radial throttle hole 5, air cavity 6, air inlet pipe 7, air inlet joint 8, air outlet pipe 9, lower chamber 10, damping hole 11, upper chamber 12, damping piston 13, elbow 14, inner stopper 15, first spring 16, slide 17, moving rod 18, movable soft rod 19, resistance plug 20, guide ball 21, elbow plug 22, connecting rod 23, air inlet pipe plug 24, structural rod 25, push rod 26, sealing door 27, transmission rope 28, guide sleeve 29, piston rod 30, static pressure piston 31, piston tube 32, second spring 33. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] See also Figures 1 to 10 The present invention provides a technical solution: a new type of air bearing with high stability and wear resistance, comprising an outer sleeve 1, a front thrust plate 2 and a rear thrust plate 3 fixedly mounted on the outer sleeve 1, and a bearing inner ring 4 fixedly mounted in the outer sleeve 1, a radial throttling hole 5 being provided on the bearing inner ring 4, and an air cavity 6 being provided between the outer sleeve 1 and the bearing inner ring 4, the air cavity 6 being connected with an air inlet pipe 7 and an air outlet pipe 9, and an air inlet joint 8 being fixedly mounted on the air inlet pipe 7, an air spring structure with buffering capacity being provided on the front thrust plate 2 and the rear thrust plate 3, a bent pipe 14 being fixedly connected to the air inlet pipe 7, and the bent pipe 14 being connected with the air cavity 6, a movable seat structure with a pneumatic driving function being installed in the bent pipe 14, and a switch structure with a three-way opening and closing function being connected to the movable seat structure, a transmission rope 28 being fixedly connected to the movable seat structure, and the transmission rope 28 being connected to a static pressure supply structure with a compression function, and the static pressure supply structure being connected with the air cavity 6.

[0032] The air spring structure includes a lower chamber 10 provided on the front thrust plate 2 or the rear thrust plate 3, and the lower chamber 10 is connected to a damping hole 11, and the damping hole 11 is connected to an upper chamber 12, and a damping piston 13 is fixedly installed on the upper chamber 12;

[0033] In addition to utilizing radial throttle holes to provide radial support for the spindle, the present invention also utilizes the air spring principle to install air spring structures on the front thrust plate 2 and the rear thrust plate 3, thereby providing axial support for the spindle, reducing friction, and achieving smooth and high-speed operation of the spindle.

[0034] The air spring structure is installed in a ring shape on the front thrust plate 2 and the rear thrust plate 3. The air spring structures on the front thrust plate 2 and the rear thrust plate 3 are mirror-image structures. The main shaft in the air bearing is installed between the air spring structures on the front thrust plate 2 and the rear thrust plate 3. The damping hole 11 is a throttle hole, and the upper chamber 12 is connected to the air cavity 6. The damping piston 13 is installed on the passage between the two to block the flow.

[0035] The air spring structure mainly utilizes an upper chamber 12 and a lower chamber 10 to form a dual-chamber structure. Both chambers are filled with pressurized air, and a damping hole is provided at the barrier between the two. The damping piston 13 is installed at the end of the upper chamber 12, located in the air cavity 6, and can contact the main shaft. When the damping piston 13 is squeezed and vibrated, a pressure difference can be generated in the upper chamber 12. The pressure difference causes the air to reciprocate through the damping hole between the chambers to produce a throttling effect, converting the vibration energy into heat energy, thereby achieving the purpose of attenuating the vibration, which is very effective.

[0036] The movable seat structure includes an inner stopper 15 fixedly installed in the bent pipe 14, and the inner stopper 15 is fixedly connected to a first spring 16, the first spring 16 is fixedly connected to a slide 17, and the slide 17 is fixedly connected to a moving rod 18, the moving rod 18 is fixedly connected to a movable soft rod 19, and the movable soft rod 19 is fixedly installed with a resistance plug 20, and the movable soft rod 19 is contact-connected to a guide ball 21;

[0037] At the same time, a bend 14 is installed on the air inlet pipe 7 as a branch pipe structure, in which a movable seat structure is installed. The movable seat structure controls the switch structure and the static pressure supply structure to achieve the effect of automatically controlling the opening and closing of the air inlet and outlet channels. When the air supply is cut off, the outer sleeve 1 is automatically closed and the existing gas therein is compressed to generate static pressure for supporting the main shaft, so that the main shaft can start quickly when resuming movement, with minimal friction resistance, thereby increasing its working efficiency.

[0038] An inner stopper 15 is mounted on the inner wall of the elbow 14, and a slide 17 is slidably mounted in the inner wall of the elbow 14. A movable rod 18 is connected to the slide 17, with its ends extending to both sides of the slide 17. A movable soft rod 19 is fixedly connected to one end of the movable rod 18, and a resistance plug 20 is fixedly mounted on the end of the movable soft rod 19. A guide ball 21 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the joint between the intake pipe 7 and the elbow 14.

[0039] The movement of the movable seat structure changes with the supply state of the air source. When not in operation, the elastic force of the first spring 16 acts on the slide 17, which can keep the movable rod 18 and the movable soft rod 19 in the initial position, and the resistance plug 20 blocked in the intake pipe 7. When the air source supplies air and pressure to the intake pipe 7 through the intake connector 8, the resistance plug 20 can be pushed into the elbow 14, thereby causing the movable soft rod 19 and the movable rod 18 to retract, acting as a driving force.

[0040] The switch structure includes a bend plug 22 fixedly connected to the other end of the moving rod 18, and a connecting rod 23 is fixedly installed on the bend plug 22, an air intake pipe plug 24 is fixedly installed on the connecting rod 23, a structural rod 25 is fixedly connected to the bend plug 22, and a push rod 26 is fixedly installed on the structural rod 25, a sealing door 27 is installed on the air outlet pipe 9, the bend 14 is installed on the side of the air intake pipe 7, and the bend plug 22 and the air intake pipe plug 24 are respectively installed on the side of the connecting rod 25, the air intake pipe plug 24 is movably connected to the air intake pipe 9, the structural rod 25 is an arc rod, and the structural rod 25 is located in the air cavity 6, the push rod 26 is installed at the end of the structural rod 25, and the sealing door 27 is composed of two semicircular pieces hinged at the end of the air outlet pipe 9, and the semicircular pieces are connected to a torsion spring;

[0041] The driving force generated by the moving rod 18 acts on the elbow plug 22, causing the elbow plug 22 to slide out from the end of the elbow 14. The elbow plug 22 drives the air inlet pipe plug 24 to move through the connecting rod 23, opening the airway of the air inlet pipe 7 and connecting it with the air cavity 6, enabling air supply to the air cavity 6. At the same time, the elbow plug 22 can also drive the push rod 26 to move through the structural rod 25. The push rod 26 generates pressure to act on the sealing door 27, opening the airway of the outlet pipe 9, completing the connection of the entire airway, and allowing the air bearing to work normally.

[0042] The transmission rope 28 is connected to the sealing rope loop at the bottom of the elbow 14, and the static pressure supply structure includes a guide sleeve 29 and a piston rod 30. The piston rod 30 is fixedly connected to a static pressure piston 31, and the static pressure piston 31 is slidably installed in a piston tube 32. The static pressure piston 31 is fixedly connected to a second spring 33.

[0043] When there is no more gas pushing in the intake pipe 7, the reset of the movable seat structure causes the elbow plug 22, the intake pipe plug 24 and the sealing door 27 to reset and close successively, so that the outer sleeve 1 forms a closed structure filled with gas, providing conditions for the static pressure supply structure to function;

[0044] The guide sleeve 29 is an arc-shaped rope sleeve, and the transmission rope 28 is movably installed in the guide sleeve 29. The two ends of the transmission rope 28 are respectively connected to the movable seat structure and the end block of the piston rod 30. The static pressure piston 31 is fixedly installed on the top of the piston rod 30. The piston tube 32 is fixedly connected to the outer sleeve 1, and the lumen of the piston tube 32 is connected to the air cavity 6. The second spring 33 is connected between the static pressure piston 31 and the tube wall of the piston tube 32.

[0045] During air intake, the movement of the moving rod 18 acts on the piston rod 30 via the transmission rope 28, thereby moving the static pressure piston 31, causing gas to be stored in the piston tube 32. When air intake stops and the outer sleeve 1 is closed, the tension on the piston rod 30 disappears, and the static pressure piston 31 is reset under the elastic force of the second spring 33, sending the gas in the piston tube 32 into the air chamber 6, thereby generating highly compressed gas, forming static pressure to support the main shaft and ensure that it can start quickly.

[0046] The front thrust plate 2 and the rear thrust plate 3 are respectively connected to the two ends of the outer sleeve 1, and the front thrust plate 2 and the rear thrust plate 3 are provided with a main shaft mounting hole. The bearing inner ring 4 is connected between the front thrust plate 2 and the rear thrust plate 3. The radial throttle holes 5 are arranged in a plurality of annular shapes on the bearing inner ring 4. The air inlet connector 8 is externally connected to the air source and is provided with a filtering structure.

[0047] The air bearing of the present invention is a dynamic pressure structure, in which an outer sleeve 1, a front thrust plate 2, and a rear thrust plate 3 serve as a closed main structure. A bearing inner ring 4 is installed inside the outer sleeve 1. The bearing inner ring 4 is provided with evenly distributed radial throttle holes, and an air cavity 6 is provided between the bearing inner ring 4 and the outer sleeve 1. During use, gas is supplied to the air cavity 6 through an air inlet pipe 7 and then discharged from an air outlet pipe 9. The imbalance of the inlet and outlet air volumes can generate a pressure difference, which in turn generates an air film in the bearing inner ring 4 through the radial throttle holes. This can support the main shaft installed in the bearing and ensure its good rotation performance.

[0048] Working principle: First, the air bearing of the present invention is a dynamic pressure structure, in which the outer sleeve 1, the front thrust plate 2 and the rear thrust plate 3 serve as a closed main structure, and the bearing inner ring 4 is installed inside the outer sleeve 1. The bearing inner ring 4 is provided with evenly distributed radial throttling holes, and an air cavity 6 is provided between the bearing inner ring 4 and the outer sleeve 1. When in use, gas is supplied to the air cavity 6 through the air inlet pipe 7 and then goes out from the air outlet pipe 9. The imbalance of the inlet and outlet air volume can generate a pressure difference, and then a layer of air film is generated in the bearing inner ring 4 through the radial throttling holes, which can support the main shaft installed in the bearing, ensure its good rotation performance, and form a radial support force on the main shaft by utilizing the radial throttling holes. At the same time, the present invention is also based on the principle of air springs. An air spring structure is installed on the front thrust plate 2 and the rear thrust plate 3, which can provide axial support force for the main shaft, reduce friction, and achieve smooth and high-speed operation of the main shaft. The air spring structure mainly uses the upper chamber 12 and the lower chamber 10 to form a double-chamber structure. Both are filled with pressurized air, and the blocking parts between the two are provided with damping holes. The damping piston 13 is installed at the end of the upper chamber 12, located in the air cavity 6, and can contact the main shaft. When the damping piston 13 is squeezed and vibrated, a pressure difference can be generated in the upper chamber 12. The pressure difference causes the air to reciprocate through the damping hole between the chambers to produce a throttling effect, converting the vibration energy into heat energy.Thus, the purpose of attenuating vibration is achieved, which is very effective. At the same time, a bend pipe 14 is installed on the air inlet pipe 7 as a branch pipe structure, in which a movable seat structure is installed. The movable seat structure controls the switch structure and the static pressure supply structure to achieve the effect of automatically controlling the opening and closing of the air inlet and outlet channels. When the air source supply is disconnected, the outer sleeve 1 is automatically closed, and the existing gas therein is compressed to generate static pressure for the support of the main shaft, so that the main shaft can start quickly when resuming movement, and is subject to very little friction resistance, thereby increasing its working efficiency. The movable seat structure follows the movement of the main shaft sleeve 1. As the supply state of the gas source changes, when it is not working, the elastic force of the first spring 16 acts on the slide 17, which can make the moving rod 18 and the movable soft rod 19 be in the initial position, and the resistance plug 20 is blocked in the intake pipe 7. When the gas source supplies air and pressure to the intake pipe 7 through the intake connector 8, the resistance plug 20 can be pushed into the elbow 14, thereby causing the movable soft rod 19 and the moving rod 18 to retract. As a driving force, the driving force generated by the moving rod 18 acts on the elbow plug 22, causing the elbow plug 22 to slide out from the end of the elbow 14, and the elbow The plug 22 drives the inlet pipe plug 24 to move through the connecting rod 23, opening the airway of the inlet pipe 7 and connecting it to the air cavity 6, so that the air supply to the air cavity 6 can be carried out. At the same time, the elbow plug 22 can also drive the push rod 26 to move through the structural rod 25. The push rod 26 generates pressure to act on the sealing door 27, opening the airway of the outlet pipe 9, completing the connection of the entire airway, so that the air bearing can work normally. When there is no more gas in the inlet pipe 7, the reset of the movable seat structure will cause the elbow plug 22, the inlet pipe plug 24 and the sealing door 27 to reset and close in succession, so that the outer sleeve 1 forms a seal. The closed structure is filled with gas, providing conditions for the static pressure supply structure to function. When air is admitted, the movement of the moving rod 18 acts on the piston rod 30 through the transmission rope 28, thereby moving the static pressure piston 31, causing gas to be stored in the piston tube 32. When the air supply stops and the outer sleeve 1 is closed, the tension on the piston rod 30 disappears, and the static pressure piston 31 returns to its original position under the elastic force of the second spring 33, sending the gas in the piston tube 32 into the air chamber 6, thereby generating highly compressed gas, forming static pressure to support the main shaft and ensure its rapid start.

[0049] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A novel air bearing with high stability and wear resistance, comprising an outer sleeve (1), characterized in that: The outer sleeve (1) is fixedly mounted with a front thrust plate (2) and a rear thrust plate (3), and the outer sleeve (1) is fixedly mounted with a bearing inner ring (4), the bearing inner ring (4) is provided with a radial throttle hole (5), and an air cavity (6) is provided between the outer sleeve (1) and the bearing inner ring (4), the air cavity (6) is connected with an air inlet pipe (7) and an air outlet pipe (9), and an air inlet joint (8) is fixedly mounted on the air inlet pipe (7), and the front thrust plate (2) and the rear thrust plate (3) are provided with a radial throttle hole (5). An air spring structure with a buffering capacity is provided, a curved pipe (14) is fixedly connected to the air inlet pipe (7), and the curved pipe (14) is communicated with the air cavity (6), a movable seat structure with a pneumatic driving function is installed in the curved pipe (14), and a switch structure with a three-way opening and closing function is connected to the movable seat structure, a transmission rope (28) is fixedly connected to the movable seat structure, and the transmission rope (28) is connected to a static pressure supply structure with a compression function, and the static pressure supply structure is communicated with the air cavity (6); The air spring structure includes a lower chamber (10) arranged on the front thrust plate (2) or the rear thrust plate (3), and the lower chamber (10) is connected to a damping hole (11), the damping hole (11) is connected to an upper chamber (12), and a damping piston (13) is fixedly installed on the upper chamber (12); The air spring structure is installed in a ring shape on the front thrust plate (2) and the rear thrust plate (3), and the air spring structures on the front thrust plate (2) and the rear thrust plate (3) are mirror-image structures, and the main shaft in the air bearing is installed between the air spring structures on the front thrust plate (2) and the rear thrust plate (3), the damping hole (11) is a throttle hole, and the upper chamber (12) is connected to the air cavity (6), and the damping piston (13) is installed on the passage between the two to block the flow; The movable seat structure includes an inner stopper (15) fixedly installed in the curved pipe (14), and a first spring (16) is fixedly connected to the inner stopper (15), a sliding seat (17) is fixedly connected to the first spring (16), and a moving rod (18) is fixedly connected to the sliding seat (17), a movable soft rod (19) is fixedly connected to the moving rod (18), and a resistance plug (20) is fixedly installed on the movable soft rod (19), and the movable soft rod (19) is contact-connected to the guide ball (21); The inner stopper (15) is mounted on the inner wall of the curved pipe (14), and the slide seat (17) is slidably mounted in the inner wall of the curved pipe (14). The movable rod (18) is connected to the slide seat (17) through and at both ends thereof, and is extended to both sides of the slide seat (17). The movable soft rod (19) is fixedly connected to one end of the movable rod (18), and the resistance plug (20) is fixedly mounted on the end of the movable soft rod (19). The guide ball (21) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the joint between the intake pipe (7) and the curved pipe (14); The switch structure comprises a bend pipe plug (22) fixedly connected to the other end of the moving rod (18), and a connecting rod (23) is fixedly installed on the bend pipe plug (22), an air inlet pipe plug (24) is fixedly installed on the connecting rod (23), a structural rod (25) is fixedly connected to the bend pipe plug (22), and a push rod (26) is fixedly installed on the structural rod (25), a sealing door (27) is installed on the air outlet pipe (9), and the bend pipe (14) is installed on the air inlet pipe. (7), and the bend pipe plug (22) and the air inlet pipe plug (24) are respectively installed on the side of the connecting rod (25), the air inlet pipe plug (24) is movably connected to the air inlet pipe (9), the structural rod (25) adopts an arc rod, and the structural rod (25) is located in the air cavity (6), the push rod (26) is installed at the end of the structural rod (25), and the sealing door (27) is composed of two semicircular pieces hinged at the end of the air outlet pipe (9), and the semicircular pieces are connected to a torsion spring; The transmission rope (28) is connected to the sealing rope sleeve at the bottom of the curved pipe (14), and the static pressure supply structure includes a guide sleeve (29) and a piston rod (30). The piston rod (30) is fixedly connected to a static pressure piston (31), and the static pressure piston (31) is slidably installed in a piston tube (32). The static pressure piston (31) is fixedly connected to a second spring (33); The guide sleeve (29) is an arc-shaped rope sleeve, and the transmission rope (28) is movably installed in the guide sleeve (29), the two ends of the transmission rope (28) are respectively connected to the movable seat structure and the end block of the piston rod (30), and the static pressure piston (31) is fixedly installed on the top of the piston rod (30), the piston tube (32) is fixedly connected to the outer sleeve (1), and the tube cavity of the piston tube (32) is connected to the air cavity (6), and the second spring (33) is connected between the static pressure piston (31) and the tube wall of the piston tube (32); The front thrust plate (2) and the rear thrust plate (3) are respectively connected to the two ends of the outer shaft sleeve (1), and the front thrust plate (2) and the rear thrust plate (3) are both provided with a main shaft mounting hole, and the bearing inner ring (4) is connected between the front thrust plate (2) and the rear thrust plate (3), the radial throttle holes (5) are arranged in a plurality of annular distributions on the bearing inner ring (4), the air inlet joint (8) is externally connected to the air source, and the air inlet joint (8) is provided with a filtering structure.

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