Electrical windings for rotating electrical machines

Abstract

The invention relates to an electric winding for the active part of a rotating electric machine (10). The electric winding (24) comprises a plurality of conducting pins (30, 31), the conducting pins (30, 31) comprising two conducting segments (30A, 30B, 31A, 31B) connected by an elbow joint (30C, 31C), each elbow joint having a vertex (30E, 31E), the vertex (30E, 31E) corresponding to the portion of the elbow joint at the maximum axial distance from the first axial end face of the main body of the active part. The winding also comprises at least one connecting pin (32), the connecting pin comprising two conducting segments (32A, 32B), the conducting segments being connected together by an elbow joint (32C) having a vertex (32E). The vertex (32E) is arranged so that the axial distance (D2) between the first axial end face and the vertex is less than or equal to the corresponding axial distance (D0, D1) between the face and the vertex (30E, 31E).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates in particular to an electrical winding for an active part of a rotating electrical machine, such as a stator or a rotor. The invention relates more particularly to an electrical winding produced using conductive pins. Background Art

[0002] The invention is particularly advantageously applied in the field of rotating electrical machines, such as alternators, starter-alternators, or even reversible electrical machines or motors. It should be noted that a reversible machine is a rotating electrical machine capable of operating reversibly, on the one hand as a generator such as an alternator, and on the other hand as a motor, for example for starting an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle.

[0003] A rotating electric machine consists of a rotor that rotates freely about an axis and a fixed stator. In alternator mode, when the rotor rotates, it induces a magnetic field on the stator, which converts it into an electric current in order to power the vehicle's electrical consumers and charge the battery. In motor mode, the stator is electric and induces a magnetic field that causes the rotor to rotate, for example in order to start an internal combustion engine.

[0004] The stator comprises a body with a yoke, the yoke forming a part for rotating around an axis passing through the center of the stator. The body comprises teeth extending radially from the yoke towards the center of the stator, and an electrical winding is arranged around the teeth. More specifically, the teeth together define slots through which the conductive elements forming the stator winding pass.

[0005] The winding is formed by a plurality of conductive pins which are partially housed in slots of the body and are electrically connected in pairs by their ends so as to form a continuous electrical path. For example, each pin comprises two conductive segments which are substantially parallel to each other and are connected by an elbow joint, thereby forming a U-shape. The conductive segments are inserted into two separate slots at a first axial end face of the stator, so that the conductive segments are substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the stator. The same slot can house a plurality of segments belonging to a pin, thereby forming various conductive segment layers. The elbow joint of the pin protrudes at the first axial end face of the stator.

[0006] The free ends of the conductive segments beyond the second axial end face of the stator are then connected together so as to form an electrical path that generates a magnetic field along the teeth of the body when a current passes through them. In other words, the conductive pins are connected in pairs to form different groups, each group being able in particular to correspond to a power supply phase. For example, the stator comprises three separate groups in order to allow the winding to be supplied with a three-phase current. Such a winding requires a certain number of connections between the conductive pins, in particular for connecting the various conductive layers and in order to ensure that the current circulates in the same direction in each segment present in the same slot.

[0007] These connections are achieved by means of connecting parts arranged between the conducting pins. The connecting parts are, for example, pins for reversing the direction of current flow. The reversing pins each have two conducting segments which are inserted into corresponding slots of the stator body and are connected by their free ends to the conducting pins and to a joining part which connects the segments together. Due to their shape, the joining parts are arranged above and / or beside the elbow joints of conventional conducting pins. The connecting parts can also be connecting segments between coils of the same phase. Each connecting segment is inserted into a slot and has a connection point with another connecting segment, which is formed above the bundle by, for example, welding. This increases the axial and / or radial space requirements of the machine, as well as the winding production time by increasing the welding connection step. Depending on the configuration of the machine, this can also increase air noise when the cooling air is interrupted by the joining parts. Summary of the invention

[0008] The object of the present invention is therefore to avoid the disadvantages of the prior art. To this end, the present invention relates to an electrical winding for the active part of a rotating electrical machine, the active part being formed in particular by a stator or a rotor, the active part comprising a body having an annular yoke around an axis and a plurality of teeth extending in radial direction from the sides of the yoke, thereby defining slots, said slots opening on a first axial end face and a second axial end face of the body. According to the invention, the electrical winding comprises a plurality of electrically conductive pins electrically connected together, each pin comprising two conductive segments connected by an elbow joint, the conductive segments of the same pin being arranged in two separate slots, each elbow joint having a vertex corresponding to the portion at the maximum axial distance of said elbow joint from the first axial end face of the body. Still according to the present invention, the winding also includes at least one connecting pin, which includes two conductive segments, which are arranged in two separate slots, the conductive segments are connected together at one end thereof by an elbow joint, and each conductive segment is connected to the corresponding conductive pin at the other end thereof, the elbow joint of the connecting pin has a vertex corresponding to the part at which the elbow joint is at the maximum axial distance from the first axial end face of the main body, and the vertex of the elbow joint of the connecting pin is arranged so that the axial distance between the first axial end face and the vertex is less than or equal to the corresponding axial distance between the axial end face and the vertex of the elbow joint of the conductive component.

[0009] According to the invention, the connecting pin does not extend beyond the conducting pin either axially or radially. This therefore means that the space requirement of the winding does not need to be increased and interruptions in the cooling flow are prevented, which would lead to an increase in airborne noise. Furthermore, since the connecting pin has a U-shape due to its elbow joint, no additional connection steps need to be provided when manufacturing the winding.

[0010] According to an embodiment, a first angle defined by the vertices of the elbow of the connecting pin is greater than or equal to a second angle defined by the corresponding vertices of the elbow of the conducting pin. This embodiment allows a distance between the vertices of the elbow of the connecting pin and the first axial end face of the body to be reduced compared to a distance between the vertices of the elbow of the conducting pin and the first face, while maintaining a simple shape of the connecting pin.

[0011] According to an embodiment, the conductive segments of the pins intended to be housed in the same slot form N layers. Thus, each slot comprises N segments belonging to different pins. For example, one layer is formed by a single segment of a pin.

[0012] According to this embodiment, the winding comprises a first group of conducting pins, the conducting segments of which are each arranged in two separate layers, and a second group of conducting pins, the conducting segments of which are each arranged in two separate layers, the layer comprising the first group of pins being separated from the layer comprising the second group of pins, the connecting pins allowing the first group of pins to be connected to the second group of pins. For example, the first conducting segment of the connecting pin is arranged in one of the layers associated with the first group of conducting pins, and the second conducting segment of the pin is arranged in one of the layers associated with the second group of conducting pins.

[0013] According to one embodiment, the vertices of the elbow joints of the conductive pins of the first group of pins are arranged so that the corresponding axial distance between the first axial end surface of the body and the vertex is greater than or equal to the corresponding axial distance between the axial end surface and the vertex of the elbow joints of the conductive pins of the second group of pins.

[0014] According to an embodiment, the conductive segments of the connecting pins are arranged in two adjacent layers. "Adjacent layers" are understood to be continuous layers that are not separated by another layer. This allows to simplify the insertion of the pins in the method for manufacturing the winding and also allows to simplify the shape of the connecting pins.

[0015] According to an embodiment, the adjacent layer in which the conductive segments of the connecting pins are arranged is a central layer. A "central layer" is understood to be a layer which is surrounded by two other layers and is therefore not at the edge of the slot.

[0016] According to an embodiment, the winding comprises at least two power pins forming an input and an output, each power pin comprising a conducting segment connected via one of its ends to a conducting pin, each conducting segment being intended to be arranged in a slot of a conducting segment comprising a connecting pin. The power pins allow the winding to be connected to an electronic power supply and / or a control module.

[0017] According to an embodiment, the conductive segments of the power pins are arranged in edge layers. "Edge layers" are understood to be layers located at the inner or outer radial ends of the winding, ie layers that are not in the center.

[0018] According to an embodiment, the winding forms a plurality of phases, each phase comprising a plurality of conducting pins, at least one connecting pin and a number of power supply pins equal to twice the number of connecting pins.

[0019] According to an embodiment, for each connection pin, the electrical winding comprises a first power pin and a second power pin, the shape of the first pin being different from the shape of the second pin. For example, each power pin has a single conductive segment and two free ends. Still for example, the two free ends of the first power pin extend in opposite circumferential directions relative to each other, and the two free ends of the second power pin extend in the same circumferential direction.

[0020] According to an embodiment, the conductive segments of the same conductive pin are arranged in two separate layers and are separated from each other by at least one intermediate layer. In other words, the conductive segments of the same conductive pin are arranged in non-adjacent layers.

[0021] According to an embodiment, the layers comprising the conductive segments of the conductive pins of the first group of pins are alternated with the layers comprising the conductive segments of the conductive pins of the second group of pins. For example, the inner radial layers comprise the conductive segments of the conductive pins of the first group of pins and the outer radial layers comprise the conductive segments of the conductive pins of the second group of pins.

[0022] According to an embodiment, the conductive pins of the first group of pins respectively have shapes different from those of the conductive pins of the second group of pins.

[0023] According to an embodiment, the conductive pins of the first group of pins each include two free ends extending two conductive segments respectively, and the ends are bent so as to approach each other in a circumferential direction.

[0024] According to an embodiment, the conductive pins of the second group of pins each include two free ends extending two conductive segments respectively, and the ends are bent so as to be separated from each other in a circumferential direction.

[0025] The invention also relates to an active part of a rotating electrical machine, in particular formed by a stator or a rotor, comprising an electrical winding as described above.

[0026] Furthermore, the invention also relates to a rotating electrical machine comprising an active part, in particular formed by a stator or a rotor, comprising an electrical winding as described above. The rotating electrical machine can advantageously form an alternator, a starter-alternator, a reversible electrical machine or a motor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The invention may be better understood by reading the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments of the invention and by referring to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view schematically and partially shows a rotating electrical machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 Schematically shows Figure 1 Perspective view of the stator.

[0030] Figure 3 Schematically shows the Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a radial plane of a part of a stator.

[0031] Figure 4 Schematically shows Figure 2 A side view of a modified portion of a stator.

[0032] Figure 5 Schematically shows Figure 2 A perspective view of the conductive pins of the first set of pins of the stator.

[0033] Figure 6 Schematically shows Figure 2 A perspective view of the conductive pins of the second set of pins of the stator.

[0034] Figure 7 Schematically shows Figure 2 A perspective view of the connection pins of the stator.

[0035] Figure 8 Schematically shows Figure 2 A perspective view of the first power pin of the stator.

[0036] Fig. 9 Schematically shows Figure 2 A perspective view of the second power pin of the stator.

[0037] Fig.10 Partially shown Figure 2 Circuit diagram of the stator winding.

[0038] The same reference numerals are used for the same, similar or corresponding elements in the various figures. It should also be noted that the different figures are not necessarily to the same scale. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] Figure 1 An example of a compact multiphase rotating electrical machine 10 is shown, in particular for use in a motor vehicle. The electrical machine 10 converts mechanical energy into electrical energy in alternator mode and can be operated in motor mode to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. The rotating electrical machine 10 is, for example, an alternator, a starter-alternator, a reversible electrical machine or a motor.

[0040] In this example, the electric machine 10 comprises a housing 11. Inside this housing 11, it also comprises a shaft 13, a rotor 12 rotating integrally with the shaft 13 and a stator 15 surrounding the rotor 12. The rotational movement of the rotor 12 takes place around an axis X. In the remainder of the description, the axial direction corresponds to the axis X, passing through the center of the shaft 13, while the radial direction corresponds to a plane parallel to the axis X, in particular a plane perpendicular to the axis X. For the radial direction, the designation "inner" corresponds to an element facing the axis, or closer to the axis relative to a second element, and the designation "outer" means away from the axis.

[0041] In this example, the housing 11 comprises a front flange 16 and a rear flange 17 assembled together. These flanges 16, 17 are hollow and each supports a bearing coupled to a respective ball bearing 18, 19 in the center so as to allow the shaft 13 to rotate. Furthermore, the housing 11 comprises fixing means 14 allowing the rotary electric machine 10 to be mounted in a vehicle.

[0042] A drive component 20, such as a pulley or sprocket, can be fixed to the front end of the shaft 13. This component allows the transfer of rotational motion to the shaft, or allows the shaft to transfer its rotational motion. In the remainder of this specification, the designations front / rear refer to this component. Thus, the front is the face oriented toward the component, and the rear is the face oriented in the opposite direction to the component.

[0043] In this case, the front flange 16 and the rear flange 17 are arranged to form a chamber for circulating a coolant such as water or oil. Alternatively, the flanges may comprise openings for the passage of a cooling air flow generated by the rotation of at least one fan integral with the rotor or shaft.

[0044] In this example, the rotor 12 is formed by a set of sheets housing permanent magnets forming the magnetic poles. Alternatively, the rotor may be a claw rotor comprising two pole wheels and a rotor coil.

[0045] In this embodiment, the stator 15 comprises a body 21 formed by a set of sheets provided with slots 22, which are provided with slot insulators 23 for mounting an electrical winding 24. The winding passes through the slots of the body 21 and forms a front beam 25a and a rear beam 25b on both sides of the stator body. In addition, the winding 24 is formed by one or more phases including at least one electrical conductor and electrically connected to an electronic component 26.

[0046] The electronic assembly 26 mounted on the housing 11 in this case comprises at least one electronic power module allowing control of at least one phase of the winding 24. The power module forms a voltage rectifier bridge for converting the generated alternating voltage into a direct voltage and vice versa. Alternatively, the electronic assembly can be remote from the motor.

[0047] Figure 2 and 3The stator 15 is shown in more detail. The body of the stator 21 is formed by an annular yoke 27 around the axis X and a plurality of teeth 28 extending radially from the yoke towards the center of the stator, in particular in this case from the side that forms the inner wall of the yoke 27. The teeth 28 are evenly distributed at an angle on the periphery of the annular body, providing continuous spaces between them so as to define slots 22 extending continuously on the periphery of the annular body of the stator, each slot being defined by two consecutive teeth. According to the present example, the teeth 48 define slots distributed along the circumference of the stator body, which are arranged to form a support for the electric winding 24. As a variant, a different number of slots can be used, for example 96, 84, 72, 60. It will be understood that this number depends in particular on the application of the electric machine, the diameter of the stator and the number of poles of the rotor.

[0048] In the axial direction, i.e. parallel to the axis X, the slots 22 open on a first axial end face 29a and a second axial end face 29b of the stator body 21. In other words, the slots pass axially through the body and open onto two opposite axial end faces of the stator. The term "axial end face" is understood to mean a face perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the axis X of rotation of the stator.

[0049] The winding 24 is formed by a plurality of pins electrically connected together to form an electrical path forming a winding phase. In this example, each phase includes a plurality of conductive pins 30, 31, a connection pin 32 and two power pins 33, 34. Figure 5 and 6 In further detail, each conductive pin 30, 31 is formed by two conductive segments 30A, 30B, 31A, 31B extending axially into the slot 22 and, for this purpose, being substantially parallel to one another. The conductive segments are connected together by an elbow joint 30C, 31C, which is also conductive, so as to form electrical continuity. Figure 7 In further detail, the connecting pin 32 is formed by two conductive segments 32A, 32B extending axially into the slot 22 and, for this purpose, being substantially parallel to one another. The conductive segments are connected together by an elbow joint 32C, which is also conductive, so as to form electrical continuity. The conductive segments 30A, 30B, 31A, 31B, 32A, 32B of the same pin 30, 31, 32 are arranged in two slots separated from one another. As will be described below with reference to Figure 8 and 9 In further detail, the power pins 33 , 34 are each formed by a conductive segment 33A, 34A extending axially into the slot 22 .

[0050] To make it clearer, Figure 4A portion of the stator is shown, which shows only two conducting pins 30, 31, one connecting pin 32 and two power pins 33, 34. Each elbow joint 30C, 31C, 32C has two inclined parts 30D, 31D, 32D, which are combined to form a vertex 30E, 31E, 32E (as shown in FIG. Figure 5 , 6 7). Thus, the inclined portion extends between the conductive segment and the corresponding vertex. Each vertex is defined as the portion of the elbow joint at the maximum axial distance from the first axial end face 29a of the stator body 21. The vertex 32E of the connecting pin 32 is axially closer to the stator body 21 than the corresponding vertices 30E, 31E of the conductive pins 30, 31. In other words, the axial distance D2 between the vertex 32E of the connecting pin 32 and the first axial end face 29a of the stator body 21 is less than or equal to the axial distance D0 between the vertex 30E of the conductive pin 30 and the face 29a, and is also less than or equal to the axial distance D1 between the vertex 31E of the conductive pin 31 and the face 29a.

[0051] The height difference between the vertices of the pins 30, 31, 32 is obtained, for example, by the difference in the inclination of the inclined portions 30D, 31D, 32D relative to the associated conductive segment. In other words, the inclined portions of one and the same elbow joint define an angle at the vertex of said joint facing the stator body by their inclination towards each other. The angle defined by the inclined portion 32D of the connecting pin 32 is greater than or equal to the angle defined by the inclined portion 30D of the conductive pin 30, and is also greater than or equal to the angle defined by the inclined portion 31D of the conductive pin 31.

[0052] like Figure 3 As shown, the various conductive segments arranged in the same slot are overlapped so as to form a stack of N layers Ci, it being understood that these N layers are present in each slot so that annular rings substantially coaxial with one another are formed on the periphery of the stator. For example, there are four of these layers, which are numbered from C1 to C4 according to their stacking order in the slot 22. The first layer C1 corresponds to the outer layer, the second layer C2 corresponds to the outer central layer directly adjacent to the first layer C1, the third layer C3 corresponds to the inner central layer directly adjacent to the second layer C2, and the fourth layer C4 corresponds to the inner layer. The first layer C1 is therefore occupied by the conductive segments closest to the yoke 27, while the layer C4 is therefore occupied by the conductive segments closest to the slot opening, i.e., closest to the axis X. Of course, the invention is not limited to this single embodiment, so that a greater number of conductive segments can be stacked in each slot, for example 6, 8 or 10 conductors. For example, one layer is formed by a single conductive segment. Therefore, each slot 22 includes N conductive segments, which are radially aligned relative to one another on a single line and each form a layer Ci. In the example shown, each conductive segment has a substantially rectangular cross-section to facilitate their stacking in the slot.

[0053] Figure 5 , 6 , 7 and 8 show various shapes of pins forming the electrical winding 24. The following description is provided with respect to the phases of the electrical winding, and a person skilled in the art will understand that all phases are formed in the same manner. The conductive pins 30, 31 forming the first or second group of pins differ in that the free ends 30F, 31F of the conductive segments are axially opposite to the elbow joints 30C, 31C.

[0054] Figure 5 A conductive pin 30 of a first group of pins is shown, all pins 30 of the first group having the same shape. The conductive pin 30 is characterized by two free ends 30F of the conductive segment, which are bent so as to be closer to each other. More specifically, the free ends 30F of the conductive segment are folded so as to overlap each other in the radial direction. The spacing between the two free ends 30F of the conductive segment of the same pin 30 is smaller than the spacing between the two conductive segments 30A, 30B in their straight portion accommodated in the slot.

[0055] Figure 6 A conductive pin 31 of a second group of pins is shown, all pins 31 of the second group having the same shape. The conductive pin 31 is characterized by two free ends 31F of a conductive segment, which are bent so as to be separated from each other. The spacing between the two free ends 31F of the conductive segment of the same pin 31 is greater than the spacing between the two conductive segments 31A, 31B in the straight portion thereof accommodated in the slot. More specifically, the conductive segments 31A, 31B of the same pin are separated by a step P so as to be inserted into the slot E and the slot E+P, respectively, and the free ends 31F of these conductive segments are separated by a step 2P.

[0056] Figure 7 A connecting pin 32 is shown, which is characterized in particular by two free ends 32F of the conductive segment, which are bent so as to maintain the same spacing as the conductive segments 32A, 32B. The spacing between the two free ends 32F of the conductive segment of the same pin 32 is similar to the spacing of the two conductive segments 32A, 32B in the straight portion thereof housed in the slot. More specifically, the conductive segments 32A, 32B of the same pin are spaced apart by a step P so as to be inserted into the slot E and the slot E+P, respectively, and the free ends 32F of these conductive segments are spaced apart by the same step P.

[0057] Figure 8A first power pin 33 is shown, which comprises a single conductive segment 33A and two free ends 33F, 33G, wherein the free end 33F is arranged on the same side of the stator as the free ends 30F, 31F, 32F of the other pins, and the free end 33G is arranged on the axially opposite side, i.e., on the side of the elbow joint 30C, 31C, 32C. The free ends 33F, 33G are folded in opposite circumferential directions, i.e., the ends do not overlap axially.

[0058] Fig. 9 A second power pin 34 is shown, which comprises a single conductive segment 34A and two free ends 34F, 34G, wherein the free end 34F is arranged on the same side of the stator as the free ends 30F, 31F, 32F of the other pins, and the free end 34G is arranged on the axially opposite side, i.e., on the side of the elbow joint 30C, 31C, 32C. The free ends 34F, 34G are folded in the same direction, i.e., the ends overlap axially.

[0059] Specific as Figure 2 and 10 As shown, each pin 30, 31, 32, 33, 34 is arranged so that, on the one hand, its conductive section extends into two separate slots E and E+P separated by a step P, and on the other hand, each elbow joint is provided at a first axial end face 29a, and the free end is provided at a second axial end face 29b and connected together, thereby generating electrical continuity in the windings between the respective pins. As will be described below, with particular reference to Fig.10 , the free ends of the conductive segments arranged in the first layer C1 and the free ends of the conductive segments arranged in the second layer C2 are connected together, and the free ends of the conductive segments arranged in the third layer C3 and the free ends of the conductive segments arranged in the fourth layer C4 are connected together. For example, these connections are made by welding. Thus, the conductive segments 30A, 30B, 31A, 31B, 32A, 32B, 33A, 34A of the same pin are connected together at one end by an elbow joint 30C, 31C, 32C, and each is connected to another pin at its free end 30F, 31F, 32F, 33F, 34F.

[0060] The first group of conductive pins 30 forms a group called the outer group, which includes pins 30, conductive segments 30A, 30B received in slots, thereby forming a first outer layer C1 and a third inner center layer C3. The second group of conductive pins 31 forms a group called the inner group, which includes pins 31, conductive segments 31A, 31B received in slots, thereby forming a fourth inner layer C4 and a second outer center layer C2.

[0061] like Figure 2 and 10As shown, the two groups of pins are interlocked, i.e. arranged so that one of the conductive segments of the pin 30 of the outer group is located in a slot that is more inside than one of the conductive segments of the pin 31 of the inner group. More specifically, the conductive pins 30 belonging to the first group are arranged in the stator so that the conductive segments 30A occupy the first layer C1 in the slot E and the conductive segments 30B occupy the third layer C3 in the slot E+P. Similarly, the conductive pins 31 belonging to the second group are arranged in the stator so that there are conductive segments 31A occupying the second layer C2 in the slot E and conductive segments 31B occupying the fourth layer C4 in the slot E+P. In other words, the conductive pins 30, 31 are arranged so that the conductive segments of the same conductive pin occupy separate slots, the two layers being radially offset from one slot to the other, or in other words, an intermediate layer is inserted between the two layers occupied by the conductive segments of the same pin. This radial offset corresponds to the insertion of the conductive segments of the conductive pins belonging to the other group. The result of this special arrangement is that the elbow joints at the first axial end face 29a of the stator body 21 are aligned so that adjacent elbow joints are substantially parallel to each other. This allows the compactness of the bundle to be increased.

[0062] The two groups of conductive pins 30, 31 form continuous electrical paths independent of each other. In order to ensure electrical continuity within a phase, a connecting pin 32 is arranged to electrically connect the first group of conductive pins 30 to the second group of conductive pins 31, thereby forming a single electrical path and forming a phase of the electrical winding 24. Thus, the connecting pin 32 closes the circuit and allows the current to flow properly through the coil, in particular, on the one hand, so that the current flows in the same direction in each conductive segment housed in the same slot, and on the other hand, so that the current generally flows in one direction in the slot and in the opposite direction in the slots separated by the steps P and -P.

[0063] exist Fig.10 In the example shown, the first conductive segment 32A of the connecting pin 32 is arranged in one of the layers associated with the first group of conductive pins 30, and the second conductive segment 32B of the pin is arranged in one of the layers associated with the second group of conductive pins 31. This arrangement provides advantages in terms of the electrical connection of the winding. In fact, it allows all the conductive pins 30, 31 to be connected by a U-shaped connecting pin 32, i.e. having a shape similar to that of the conductive pin, the two conductive segments being connected together by an elbow joint. With this arrangement, the electrical winding 24 therefore does not include special pins that allow the current direction to be reversed to conform to the current flow direction in the slot. Therefore, this allows to simplify the electrical winding and its assembly method.

[0064] In particular, in this example, the first conductive segment 32A of the connecting pin 32 is arranged in the third layer C3, and the second conductive segment 32B of said pin is arranged in the second layer C2. Thus, the conductive segments 32A, 32B of the connecting pin are arranged in two adjacent layers in the radial direction of two different slots, i.e. no intermediate layer is inserted between two layers occupied by the conductive segments of the same pin 32. This allows the elbow 32C of the connecting pin to be integrated in the bundle and prevents the height of the bundle from being increased by another part of the pin.

[0065] like Figure 2 , 4 As shown in FIG. 10 , the power pins 33, 34 are arranged in the slots so that their respective conductive segments 33A, 34A are arranged in a layer adjacent to the layer of the same slot including the conductive segments 32A, 32B of the connecting pin 32. In other words, for each conductive segment of the connecting pin 32 occupying the second layer C2 in the slot E, the conductive segment 33A of the power pin 33 is provided so as to occupy the first layer C1 in the slot E. Similarly, for each conductive segment of the connecting pin 32 occupying the third layer C3 in the slot E+P, the conductive segment 34A of the power pin 34 is arranged to occupy the fourth layer C4 in the slot E+P, spaced apart by the step P relative to the slot E. The power pins 33, 34 are thus arranged in the edge layers so as to surround the connecting pins 32 of the same phase, whose conductive segments 32A, 32B are arranged in the center layer.

[0066] It should be understood that each connection pin 32 is associated with a pair of power pins 33, 34, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown. Therefore, the electric winding 24 including six phases also includes six pairs of power pins 33, including six first power pins 33 and six second power pins 34 and six connection pins 32. It should be understood that the number of conductive pins 30, 31 depends on the number of slots of the stator and therefore on the desired application of the rotating electrical machine, in particular the desired performance and the available space, knowing that the number of the first group of conductive pins 30 is the same as the number of the second group of conductive pins 31.

[0067] The free ends 33G, 34G of the power pins 33, 34 form the current input and / or output of the corresponding phase. More specifically, for one phase, the free end 33G, 34G of one of the power pins is connected directly or through interconnection means to a current source, in particular included in an electronic power and / or control module not shown, while the free end 33G, 34G of the other power pin is connected directly or through interconnection means to the free end 33G, 34G of the power pin of the other phase of the winding, so as to produce an electrical coupling.

[0068] Fig.10A schematic diagram of a portion of a winding according to the previous description is shown. To simplify reading, the number of slots has been limited, it being understood that a person skilled in the art can easily extend the following description in order to produce a complete winding, the other slots of the stator also comprising a stack of conductive segments. Still to simplify reading, the pins of the same phase are shown in bold and the pins of the other phases are shown in a transparent manner.

[0069] More specifically, for Fig.10 In the circuit shown, the current is introduced into the winding 24 in the first orientation direction through the first free end 34G of the first power pin 34, which forms the input for the current of the phase shown on the side of the first axial end face 29a. Its path will be described in more detail by the numbered arrows Fi in order to illustrate the fact that for a given slot, the current flows in the same direction in the stacked conductive segments, while for the slots separated by a step P or -P, the current flows in the opposite direction. It should be noted that the slot E+P is separated from the slot E by a predetermined step P in the first orientation direction. In the present example of a double three-phase electrical winding with one slot per pole per phase, the step P corresponds to the insertion of five slots between the slot E and the slot E+P.

[0070] The current flows from the first axial end face 29a to the second axial end face 29b (arrow F1) in the conductive segment 34A housed in the slot E. The conductive segment 34A is arranged to form a part of the fourth layer C4 in the slot E, and has a shape folded on itself at its free end 34F on the side of the second axial end face 29b, which is similar to the shape of the conductive segment 30F of the conductive pin 30 of the first group of pins that it replaces in this layer.

[0071] The free end 34F of the power pin is connected to the free end 31F of the conductive pin 31 of the second group of pins at the second axial end face 29b of the stator, one of the conductive segments of the second group of pins occupying the third layer C3 in the slot EP. The two free ends 34F, 31F are arranged adjacent to each other, in particular in the radial direction, and are electrically connected at a contact point 35, which can be produced by welding, thereby allowing the current to flow through the conductive segments in each slot in the same direction. The direction of the current flow is indicated by the arrow overlapping the conductive pin. As a result, the current is caused to flow from the second axial end face 29b to the first axial end face 29a via the conductive segment 31B in the third layer C3 of the slot EP, as indicated by the arrow F2.

[0072] The conductive segment 31B occupying the third layer C3 in the slot EP forms a part of the conductive pin 31 belonging to the second group of pins, so that the conductive segment extends through the elbow joint 31C at the first axial end face 29a in the direction opposite to the first orientation direction to the conductive segment 31A occupying the first layer C1 in the slot E-2P, which is separated from the slot EP by the space P. Therefore, the current is caused to flow from the first axial end face 29a through the conductive segment 31A in the first layer C1 of the slot E-2P toward the second axial end face 29b, as shown by the arrow F4.

[0073] It will be appreciated that for a given phase the pins interlock continuously around the entire circumference of the stator and for simplicity Fig.10 The reading is that the current has basically bypassed the stator (at the Fig.10 After the solid line between slots E+P and E+2P), the previous description will be continued.

[0074] At this stage, winding continuity is achieved by connecting the free end 31F of the conductive segment 31A occupying the first layer C1 in the slot E+2P to the free end 30F of the conductive segment 30A occupying the second layer C2 in the slot E+P, the ends 31F, 30F being arranged side by side in the radial direction and being electrically connected via a contact point 35 at the second axial end face 29a.

[0075] Then the current is made to flow along the loop of the first directional direction, and flows through the conductive segment 30A of the conductive pin 30 of the first group of pins from the second axial end face 29b toward the first axial end face 29a in the second layer C2 of the slot E+P, as shown by the arrow F3, and then flows through the elbow joint 30C of the conductive pin 30, and then flows through the conductive segment 30B of the conductive pin 30 from the first axial end face 29a toward the second axial end face 29b in the fourth layer C4 of the slot E+2P. As can be seen from the above, in the slot E+2P, the currents flowing in the first layer C1 and the fourth layer C4 all flow in the same direction.

[0076] The current then continues to flow in a direction opposite to the first directional direction, through the contact point 35 to the conductive segment 31B housed in the third layer C3 of the slot E+P, and then through the elbow joint 31C to the conductive segment 31A of the same conductive pin 31 in the first layer C1 of the slot E.

[0077] At this stage, the current flows in a first directional direction from the second axial end face 29b toward the first axial end face 29a through the conductive segment 32A of the connecting pin 32 in the second layer C2 of the slot E after the contact point 35, and then flows from the first axial end face 29a toward the second axial end face 29b through the conductive segment 32B of the connecting pin 32 in the third layer C3 of the slot E+P after the elbow joint 32C.

[0078] According to the previous description, the continuity of the winding is achieved by transitioning from the conductive segment of the first layer C1 to the third layer C3 and from the fourth layer C4 to the second layer C2 on the elbow joint side forming part of the conductive pin, and transitioning from the second layer C2 to the first layer C1 and from the third layer C3 to the fourth layer C4 through the contact point 35, especially welding at the second axial end face 29b, so that the current flows in the same direction in each slot.

[0079] Then, according to the previous description, the current is made to flow from one conductive pin to another until it flows in the slot EP of the first layer C1, where the conductive segment 33A of the power pin 33 is arranged, forming the current output of the phase shown through its free end 33G.

[0080] The invention is particularly applicable in the field of alternators, starter-alternators, electric motors or even reversible machines, but it can also be applied to any type of rotating machine.

[0081] Of course, the preceding description is provided by way of example only and does not limit the field of the present invention, and the field of the present invention will not be departed from by replacing various elements with any other equivalent elements.

Claims

1. An electrical winding for an active part of a rotating electrical machine (10), the active part being formed by a stator or a rotor, the active part comprising a body (21) having an annular yoke (27) around an axis (X) and a plurality of teeth (28) extending in radial direction from the side of the yoke, thereby defining slots (22), the slots opening on a first axial end face (29a) and a second axial end face (29b) of the body; the electrical winding (24) comprising a plurality of electrically conductive pins (30, 31) electrically connected together, each pin comprising two conductive segments (30A, 30B, 31A, 31B) connected by an elbow joint (30C, 31C), the conductive segments of the same pin being arranged in two separate slots, the elbow joints (30C, 31C) each having a vertex (30E, 31E), the vertex (30E, 31E) corresponding to the first axial end face (29a) of the elbow joint at a distance from the body. The winding is characterized in that it also includes at least one connecting pin (32), the connecting pin including two conductive segments (32A, 32B), the two conductive segments are arranged in two separate slots, the conductive segments are connected together at one end thereof by an elbow joint (32C), and each conductive segment is connected to a corresponding conductive pin (30, 31) at the other end thereof, the elbow joint (32C) of the connecting pin having a vertex (32E), the vertex corresponding to the portion at the maximum axial distance of the elbow joint from the first axial end face of the body, the vertex (32E) of the elbow joint of the connecting pin being arranged so that the axial distance (D2) between the first axial end face and the vertex is less than or equal to the corresponding axial distance (D0, D1) between the axial end face and the vertex (30E, 31E) of the elbow joint of the conductive pin.

2. The electric winding according to claim 1, characterized in that The apex (32E) of the connecting pin's elbow joint defines a first angle that is greater than or equal to a second angle defined by the corresponding apex (30E, 31E) of the conducting pin's elbow joint.

3. An electrical winding according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The conductive segments of the pins received in the same slot (22) form N layers (Ci), and the winding comprises a first group of conductive pins (30), whose conductive segments (30A, 30B) are each arranged in two separate layers, and a second group of conductive pins (31), whose conductive segments (31A, 31B) are each arranged in two separate layers, the layer comprising the first group of pins being separated from the layer comprising the second group of pins, and connecting pins (32) allowing the first group of pins to be connected to the second group of pins.

4. The electric winding according to claim 3, characterized in that The conductive segments (32A, 32B) connecting the pins are arranged in two adjacent layers.

5. The electric winding according to claim 3, characterized in that The adjacent layer in which the conductive segments (32A, 32B) of the connection pins are arranged is the center layer.

6. The electric winding according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that It comprises at least two power pins (33, 34) forming an input and an output, each power pin comprising a conductive segment (33A, 34A) connected at one end thereof to a conductive pin (30, 31), each conductive segment being arranged in a slot comprising a conductive segment (32A, 32B) connecting the pins.

7. The electric winding according to claim 6, characterized in that The conductive segments (33A, 34A) of the power pins are disposed in the edge layer.

8. The electric winding according to claim 6, characterized in that It forms a plurality of phases, each phase comprising a plurality of conducting pins (30, 31), at least one connecting pin (32) and a plurality of power supply pins (33, 34) equal to twice the number of the connecting pins.

9. The electric winding according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The segments of the pins received in the same slot form N layers, and the conductive segments (30A, 30B, 31A, 31B) of the same conductive pin are arranged in two separate layers and separated from each other by at least one intermediate layer.

10. A rotating electrical machine comprising an active part formed by a stator or a rotor, the active part comprising an electrical winding (24) as claimed in any one of the preceding claims.

Images