A transformer fire test platform

Abstract

The invention discloses a transformer fire test platform, which belongs to the field of fire protection technology. It includes a transformer high-voltage discharge fire research module, which is composed of a distribution line, a variable frequency power supply, a transformer body oil tank and a grounding iron core; it also includes a transformer bushing jet fire combustion behavior research module, which is composed of a bushing simulation device, a gas cylinder, an oil injection pipeline and an oil injection pump; it also includes a transformer flowing fire combustion behavior research module, which is composed of a transformer body oil tank, an oil pillow, a radiator and an oil injection pump; it also includes a valve side wall flowing fire combustion behavior research module, which is composed of a transformer bushing, a valve side firewall, a gas cylinder and an oil injection pump; all of the above modules are started in sequence to form a transformer combined combustion scene together. The present invention is used to study the fire scene of a substation, and in combination with the fire extinguishing device for the substation, a fire extinguishing experimental method is designed to verify the effectiveness of fire extinguishing of each fire protection system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fire protection, and more specifically, relates to a transformer fire test platform. Background Art

[0002] As the core structure of my country's ultra-high voltage power transmission, large-scale substations are important carriers of power transmission. Once a fire accident occurs, it will not only cause the interruption of power transmission and use of the substation, affecting the power supply capacity, but also cause huge economic losses. Due to the particularity of the substation building's own structure and the operating characteristics of related equipment, the substation has strict requirements for fire prevention. In the process of transformer design and construction, a large number of insulating materials and transformer oil and other combustibles are used. At the same time, in a high-voltage, high-current, and high-load working environment, once a power problem occurs, the probability of substation fires is increased invisibly. Therefore, the study of large transformer fires is urgent. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the problem that once a fire accident occurs in an existing large-scale substation, it will not only cause the interruption of power transmission and use of the substation, affecting the power supply capacity, but also cause huge economic losses. The present invention provides a transformer fire test platform. Based on the test platform, reasonable fire scenarios and fire extinguishing test methods of the substation are designed for different existing fire protection systems of the substation, and the fire extinguishing effectiveness of each fire protection system is verified.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0005] A transformer fire experiment platform comprises a fire wall and a transformer oil tank, wherein the transformer oil tank is arranged in the fire wall; an oil pillow is installed above the transformer oil tank, and the oil pillow is connected with the transformer oil tank through an oil pipe; a shallow oil pool is arranged above the transformer oil tank, and a through hole is opened on the top of the transformer oil tank, and the transformer oil tank is connected with the shallow oil pool through the through hole; and a fire simulation device for igniting the oil in the transformer oil tank is also included.

[0006] According to a further technical solution, the fire simulation device includes a transformer high-voltage discharge fire research module, a transformer bushing jet fire combustion behavior research module, a transformer flowing fire combustion behavior research module and a valve side flowing fire combustion behavior research module.

[0007] A further technical solution is that the transformer high-voltage discharge fire research module includes a distribution line, a variable frequency power supply, a transformer body oil tank and a grounding iron core. The line drawn from the distribution line is connected to the variable frequency power supply. After the voltage is increased, one end of the variable frequency power supply is connected to the transformer body oil tank casing, and the other end is connected to the grounding iron core inside the transformer body oil tank. During the test, power is turned on to ignite the oil inside the transformer body oil tank by short circuit.

[0008] A further technical solution is that the transformer bushing jet fire combustion behavior research module includes an oil injection pump I, a methane gas cylinder I and a bushing simulation device, the injection pipeline of the methane gas cylinder I is set in the bushing simulation device, the oil injection pipeline of the oil injection pump I is connected to the bushing simulation device, the bushing simulation device is located above the transformer body oil tank, and an ignition electrode is provided at the outlet of the injection pipeline of the methane gas cylinder I.

[0009] A further technical solution is that the transformer flowing fire combustion behavior research module includes a radiator, an oil injection pump II and a top oil pool; the radiator is located in front of the transformer main body oil tank, the oil injection pump II is connected to the top oil pool through an oil injection pipeline, and the top oil pool is located above the radiator; after the oil pillow unloads the oil, the oil overflows from the through hole on the top of the transformer main body oil tank, and the oil injection pump II fills the top oil pool with oil to overflow and form flow.

[0010] A further technical solution is that the valve-side flowing fire combustion behavior research module includes a methane gas cylinder II and a riser seat, the riser seat is fixed on the firewall, the injection pipeline of the methane gas cylinder II is sleeved in the riser seat, and an ignition electrode is provided at the outlet of the injection pipeline of the methane gas cylinder II.

[0011] According to a further technical solution, the transformer high-voltage discharge fire research module, the transformer bushing jet fire combustion behavior research module and the transformer flowing fire combustion behavior research module are started in chronological order to form a transformer combined combustion scenario.

[0012] A further technical solution also includes a fire extinguishing device, which is one or more of a fixed foam spray fire extinguishing device, a compressed air foam fire extinguishing device and a foam fine water mist turbofan cannon fire extinguishing device.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] The present invention provides a transformer fire test platform. Aiming at the different existing fire protection systems in substations, a variety of reasonable fire scenarios of substations are designed based on the test platform to study the transformer ignition process, and the fire extinguishing effectiveness of each fire protection system is verified through a variety of fire extinguishing systems and fire extinguishing test methods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a side view of the present invention.

[0017] The numbers in the figure are as follows: 1. Firewall; 2. Transformer body oil tank; 3. Shallow oil pool; 4. Oil pillow; 5. Oil pipe; 6. Grounding iron core; 7. Variable frequency power supply; 8. Bushing simulation device; 9. Methane cylinder I; 10. Oil injection pump I; 11. Radiator; 12. Top oil pool; 13. Oil injection pump II; 14. Rising seat; 15. Methane cylinder II. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and drawings.

[0019] Example

[0020] A transformer fire test platform, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a firewall 1 and a transformer body oil tank 2, and the transformer body oil tank 2 is arranged in the firewall 1. The firewall 1 is U-shaped, surrounded on three sides and open on one side, and the walls on both sides of the firewall 1 are arranged in parallel, and the spacing is adjustable. The transformer body oil tank 2 is rectangular, and contains a grounded iron core 6 inside. A shallow oil pool 3 is provided above the transformer body oil tank 2. Three circular holes are opened on the top of the transformer body oil tank 2 to facilitate the outflow of transformer oil. The three circular holes can be closed by flanges, and the transformer body oil tank 2 is connected to the shallow oil pool 3 through a through hole. A pressure relief valve is also installed on the upper part of the transformer body oil tank 2. An oil pillow 4 is installed above the transformer body oil tank 2. The oil pillow 4 is cylindrical in shape, with a diameter of 1300mm and a length of 5000mm. The height from the top of the transformer body oil tank 2 is about 3000mm, and the maximum oil storage capacity is 5.9 tons. The oil pillow 4 is connected to the transformer body oil tank 2 through an oil pipe 5, on which an electric valve and a ball valve are provided. The vertical drop between the bottom of the oil pillow 4 and the top of the transformer body oil tank 2 is about 3.3m.

[0021] It also includes a high-voltage discharge ignition module for igniting the oil in the transformer body oil tank 2, a transformer bushing jet fire combustion behavior research module, a transformer flowing fire combustion behavior research module, a valve side flowing fire combustion behavior research module and a fire extinguishing device. The fire extinguishing device is one or more of a fixed foam spray fire extinguishing device, a compressed air foam fire extinguishing device and a foam fine water mist turbofan cannon fire extinguishing device.

[0022] Before the test, a mixture of gasoline and transformer oil is injected into the transformer body oil tank 2. In addition, a certain amount of water is added into the transformer body oil tank 2, which can cause the splashing phenomenon of the internal transformer oil after boiling.

[0023] During the actual transformer fire, after the transformer oil tank 2 ruptures, oil overflows and burns to form a flowing fire. To simulate the actual operating conditions, an oil pillow 4 is provided. After the oil pillow 4 is unloaded, the transformer oil flows from the oil pillow 4 into the transformer oil tank. A shallow oil pool 3 is provided on the top, and an opening is provided on the top center line to connect the inside of the main oil tank. After the oil pillow 4 is unloaded, a large amount of transformer oil will flow out from the opening, and the burning oil in the shallow oil pool 3 will also overflow. Metal wires are pasted on the top of the model in a staggered arrangement to form a grid to slow down the flow of transformer oil, so as to ensure that the flowing transformer oil flows stably after burning, and a flowing fire is formed on the top and side walls of the transformer. The experimental platform simulates the above phenomenon through the oil pillow 4, the oil pipe 5 and the transformer oil tank 2.

[0024] Experiment 1: Using the experimental platform to study the transformer ignition process:

[0025] Ignition scheme 1: The transformer high-voltage discharge fire research module includes a variable frequency power supply 7, one end of which is connected to the outer shell of the transformer body oil tank 2, and the other end is connected to the grounded iron core 6 in the transformer body oil tank 2. The line from the 10kV distribution line is connected to the variable frequency power supply 7, and the voltage is increased to 500kV. One end of the variable frequency power supply 7 is connected to the outer shell of the transformer body oil tank 2, and the other end is connected to the grounded iron core 6 in the transformer body oil tank 2. During the test, the oil inside the transformer body oil tank 2 is ignited by short circuiting when the power is turned on.

[0026] Ignition scheme 2: Transformer oil is doped with oxidants, such as dibenzoyl peroxide, potassium chlorate, chlorates, nitrates, sodium dichromate, potassium dichromate, potassium permanganate, etc. The ignition electrode is connected to the transformer body oil tank 2. After the electrode is ignited, gasoline combustion is achieved, and then the transformer oil is ignited. In addition, oxidants are added to ensure that the combustion conditions are met in the body tank, which can keep the inside of the tank body burning continuously, simulating the combustion injection phenomenon of a real accident.

[0027] By changing the distribution voltage level, discharge current, continuous discharge time, body oil storage capacity, body initial oil temperature and cross-sectional area of ​​pressure relief point, the critical conditions for transformer ignition caused by arc fault are studied.

[0028] Experiment 2: Using the experimental platform to study the combustion behavior of jet fire after casing rupture:

[0029] The transformer bushing jet fire combustion behavior research module includes an oil injection pump Ⅰ10, a methane gas cylinder Ⅰ9 and a bushing simulation device 8. The injection pipeline of the methane gas cylinder Ⅰ9 is set in the bushing simulation device 8, and the oil injection pipeline of the oil injection pump Ⅰ10 is connected to the bushing simulation device 8. The bushing simulation device 8 is located above the transformer body oil tank 2, and an ignition electrode is provided at the outlet of the injection pipeline of the methane gas cylinder Ⅰ9.

[0030] During the actual transformer fire, a flashover fault occurs at the transformer bushing end, and the fuel inside the transformer body oil tank 2 quickly heats up and vaporizes. The oil spraying easily causes the BLEVE (boiling liquid vapor cloud explosion) phenomenon. The experimental platform uses jet fire to quickly simulate the combustion behavior of jet fire. During the test, oil is injected into the injection pipeline of the oil injection pump Ⅰ10 and gas is injected into the injection pipeline of the methane gas cylinder Ⅰ9 at the same time. And by changing the rate of the oil injection pump Ⅰ10 and the gas delivery rate of the methane gas cylinder Ⅰ9, the combustion behavior of the jet fire and the fire extinguishing efficiency of the fire extinguishing system are studied.

[0031] Experiment 3: Using the experimental platform to study the behavior of transformer flow fire:

[0032] The transformer flowing fire combustion behavior research module includes a radiator 11, an oil injection pump II 13 and a top oil pool 12. The oil injection pump II 13 is connected to the top oil pool 12 through an oil injection pipeline, and the top oil pool 12 is located above the radiator 11.

[0033] Similarly, after the radiator 11 ruptures, oil overflows and burns to form a flowing fire. A radiator 11 model is processed according to the radiator 11 of the actual transformer, and a top oil pool 12 is arranged on the top of the radiator 11. During the test, the oil filling pump II 13 fills oil into the top oil pool 12, so that the oil flows out from the top oil pool 12 of the radiator 11 to form a flowing fire.

[0034] Experiment 4: Using the experimental platform to study the valve side flow combustion behavior:

[0035] The valve side flowing fire combustion behavior research module includes a methane gas cylinder II 15 and a riser 14. The riser 14 is fixed on the firewall 1. The injection pipeline of the methane gas cylinder II 15 is sleeved in the riser sleeve of the riser 14, and an ignition electrode is provided at the outlet of the injection pipeline of the methane gas cylinder II 15.

[0036] Normally, when a valve side bushing fire occurs, an insulation failure occurs inside the valve side bushing, causing fire at the valve side bushing position, accompanied by physical explosion and chemical explosion. The valve side bushing fire spreads to the connection with the lifting seat 14, where the opening of the lifting seat bushing is damaged due to the fire. Under the action of gravity, the insulating oil begins to overflow and burn at the damaged opening of the lifting seat bushing and flows to the ground.

[0037] During the test, methane cylinder II 15 sprays methane gas outward through the injection pipeline, which is ignited by the ignition electrode. The oil unloading valve of the oil pillow 4 is opened, and the oil in the transformer body oil tank 2 flows out from the riser 14, forming combustion.

[0038] Experiment 5: Using the experimental platform to study the combined combustion process of transformer real fire:

[0039] Referring to the actual engineering layout of the transformer, a fire wall 1 is set up, a transformer body oil tank 2 is arranged, the inside is filled with transformer oil and a small amount of gasoline, and a bushing jet fire research module and a transformer flowing fire combustion behavior research module are arranged.

[0040] During the test, the high-voltage discharge ignition device was started to ignite the oil inside the transformer body oil tank 2. After burning for 5 minutes, the valve of the oil pillow unloading pipeline 5 was opened, and the transformer oil flowed from the oil pillow into the body oil tank 2. A large amount of transformer oil would overflow from the shallow oil pool 3, and the burning oil in the shallow oil pool would also overflow, forming a surface fire and a flowing fire on the top of the transformer. The valve of the methane cylinder Ⅰ9 and the oil injection pump Ⅰ10 and the oil injection pump Ⅱ13 were opened to realize the casing jet fire and the radiator flowing fire, and finally form a three-dimensional wrapped combustion form of the transformer fire.

[0041] The examples described in the present invention are merely descriptions of the preferred implementation modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the concept and scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design concept of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by engineers and technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A transformer fire test platform, comprising a fire wall (1) and a transformer oil tank (2), wherein the transformer oil tank (2) is arranged in the fire wall (1); an oil pillow (4) is installed above the transformer oil tank (2), and the oil pillow (4) is connected to the transformer oil tank (2) through an oil pipe (5); a shallow oil pool (3) is arranged above the transformer oil tank (2), and a through hole is opened at the top of the transformer oil tank (2), and the transformer oil tank (2) is connected to the shallow oil pool (3) through the through hole; the characteristics are: It also includes a fire simulation device for igniting the oil in the transformer body oil tank (2); The fire simulation device includes a transformer high-voltage discharge fire research module, a transformer bushing jet fire combustion behavior research module, a transformer flowing fire combustion behavior research module and a valve side flowing fire combustion behavior research module; The transformer high-voltage discharge fire research module comprises a power distribution line, a variable frequency power supply (7), a transformer main body oil tank (2) and a grounding iron core (6). A line is led out from the power distribution line to connect to the variable frequency power supply (7). After the voltage is increased, one end of the variable frequency power supply (7) is connected to the outer shell of the main body oil tank (2), and the other end is connected to the grounding iron core (6) in the transformer main body oil tank (2), so that the oil inside the main body oil tank (2) is ignited by a short circuit. The transformer bushing jet fire combustion behavior research module comprises an oil injection pump I (10), a methane gas cylinder I (9) and a bushing simulation device (8), wherein the injection pipeline of the methane gas cylinder I (9) is sleeved in the bushing simulation device (8), the oil injection pipeline of the oil injection pump I (10) is connected to the bushing simulation device (8), the bushing simulation device (8) is located above the transformer body oil tank (2), and an ignition electrode is provided at the outlet of the injection pipeline of the methane gas cylinder I (9); The transformer flowing fire combustion behavior research module comprises a radiator (11), an oil injection pump II (13) and a top oil pool (12); the radiator (11) is located in front of the transformer main body oil tank (2), the oil injection pump II (13) is connected to the top oil pool (12) through an oil injection pipeline, and the top oil pool (12) is located above the radiator (11); after the oil pillow (4) unloads the oil, the oil overflows from the top through hole of the transformer main body oil tank (2), and the oil injection pump II (13) injects oil into the top oil pool (12) to overflow and form flowing; The valve side flowing fire combustion behavior research module comprises a methane gas cylinder II (15) and an elevated seat (14), wherein the elevated seat (14) is fixed on the firewall (1), the injection pipeline of the methane gas cylinder II (15) is sleeved in the elevated seat (14), and an ignition electrode is provided at the outlet of the injection pipeline of the methane gas cylinder II (15); The oil inside the transformer body oil tank (2) is doped with an oxidant, an ignition electrode is connected to the transformer body oil tank (2), and the oil inside the transformer body oil tank (2) is ignited by the ignition electrode; the inside of the transformer body oil tank (2) is kept burning continuously by adding the oxidant, simulating the combustion behavior of a real jet fire; The oxidizing agent includes dibenzoyl, potassium chlorate, chlorates, nitrates, sodium dichromate, potassium dichromate, and potassium permanganate.

2. A transformer fire test platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transformer high-voltage discharge fire research module, the transformer bushing jet fire combustion behavior research module and the transformer flowing fire combustion behavior research module are started in chronological order to form a transformer combined combustion scenario.

3. A transformer fire test platform according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: It also includes a fire extinguishing device, which is one or more of a fixed foam spray fire extinguishing device, a compressed air foam fire extinguishing device and a foam fine water mist turbofan cannon fire extinguishing device.

Images