Antenna, device, system, method for determining angle of arrival, array and configuration method

Abstract

Embodiments of the present invention disclose an antenna, device, system, method for determining angle of arrival, array, and configuration method. The antenna includes an antenna body and a grounded coplanar waveguide. The antenna body includes a stacked structure consisting of a first dielectric layer, a radiating portion, and a common ground plane, wherein the first dielectric layer and the radiating portion are located on one side of the common ground plane, and the first dielectric layer is disposed between the radiating portion and the common ground plane. The grounded coplanar waveguide includes a stacked structure consisting of a common ground plane, a second dielectric layer, and a transmission line layer. The second dielectric layer and the transmission layer are located on the other side of the common ground plane, and the second dielectric layer is disposed between the common ground plane and the transmission layer. The transmission line layer includes a feeder and a coplanar waveguide ground plane disposed on both sides of the feeder, with a first gap disposed between the coplanar waveguide ground plane and the feeder. Thus, by providing the grounded coplanar waveguide, the antenna can reduce size while increasing bandwidth, thereby meeting practical needs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to an antenna, a device, a system, a method for determining an angle of arrival, an array, and a configuration method. Background Art

[0002] UWB antennas, as positioning antennas, need to be integrated into various electronic devices, requiring the smallest possible size. UWB antennas operate at a bandwidth of 500MHz, requiring a reduced antenna size while maintaining the required bandwidth. However, the bandwidth of existing microstrip antennas decreases as their thickness decreases. Consequently, even with smaller microstrip antennas, the bandwidth also decreases, failing to meet practical requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide an antenna, device, system, method for determining an angle of arrival, array, and configuration method to address the problem that the bandwidth of existing microstrip antennas decreases as the thickness of the microstrip antenna decreases, resulting in a decrease in bandwidth when the size of the microstrip antenna is reduced, which cannot meet actual needs.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna, comprising an antenna body and a grounded coplanar waveguide;

[0005] The antenna body includes a stacked structure consisting of a first dielectric layer, a radiating portion, and a common ground plane, wherein the first dielectric layer and the radiating portion are located on one side of the common ground plane, and the first dielectric layer is disposed between the radiating portion and the common ground plane;

[0006] The grounded coplanar waveguide includes a stacked structure consisting of the common ground plate, a second dielectric layer and a transmission line layer; the second dielectric layer and the transmission layer are located on the other side of the common ground plate, and the second dielectric layer is arranged between the common ground plate and the transmission layer. The transmission line layer includes a feeder and a coplanar waveguide ground plate arranged on both sides of the feeder, and a first gap is provided between the coplanar waveguide ground plate and the feeder.

[0007] Specifically, a first slot is provided in the middle of the radiation portion.

[0008] Specifically, the first groove is a waist-shaped groove or an elliptical groove.

[0009] Specifically, the central axis of the waist-shaped groove is arranged at an angle to the longitudinal central axis of the radiation portion, and the central axis of the waist-shaped groove is the symmetry axis of the waist-shaped groove along the waist length direction;

[0010] The long axis of the elliptical groove is arranged at an angle to the longitudinal center axis of the radiation portion.

[0011] Specifically, the angle is 44°-46°.

[0012] Specifically, the radiating portion has at least one corner, and a second slot is provided at each corner; each of the second slots includes a first slot section and a second slot section connected to the first slot section, the first slot section is parallel to the extension direction of the edge of the radiating portion opposite to the first slot section, and the second slot section is parallel to the extension direction of the edge of the radiating portion opposite to the first slot section.

[0013] Specifically, a third slot is further formed in the middle of each side of the radiation portion.

[0014] Specifically, the third slot is rectangular.

[0015] Specifically, the radiation portion is rectangular or square.

[0016] Specifically, the radiating portion is square, the side length of the radiating portion is 9.7mm-10.7mm, the length of the first slot segment and the second slot segment is 2mm-3mm, and the width is 0.15mm-0.25mm, the length of the third slot is 1.5mm-2.5mm, and the width is 1.2mm-2.2mm, the thickness of the first dielectric layer is 0.712mm-0.812mm, and the dielectric constant of the first dielectric layer is 3.61-3.71.

[0017] Specifically, the radiation portion is rectangular, the length of the radiation portion is 10.4 mm-11.4 mm, the width is 11.1 mm-12.1 mm, the thickness of the first dielectric layer is 0.712 mm-0.812 mm, and the dielectric constant of the first dielectric layer is 3.61-3.71.

[0018] Specifically, the radiating portion is rectangular, the length of the radiating portion is 10.5mm-11.5mm, and the width is 10mm-11mm. The length of the first slot segment and the second slot segment is 0.5mm-1.5mm, and the width is 0.15mm-0.25mm. The length of the third slot is 1.1mm-2.1mm, and the width is 0.5mm-0.15mm. The thickness of the first dielectric layer is 0.712mm-0.812mm, and the dielectric constant of the first dielectric layer is 3.61-3.71.

[0019] Specifically, the radiating portion is rectangular, the length of the radiating portion is 8.4mm-9.4mm, and the width is 8.1mm-9.1mm. The length of the first slot segment and the second slot segment is 0.5mm-1.5mm, and the width is 0.15mm-0.25mm. The length of the third slot is 1mm-2mm, and the width is 0.5mm-1.5mm. The thickness of the first dielectric layer is 0.712mm-0.812mm, and the dielectric constant of the first dielectric layer is 3.61-3.71.

[0020] Specifically, the antenna also includes a metallized conductive part that passes through the antenna body and the grounded coplanar waveguide, the metallized conductive part is connected to the feed line, the metallized conductive part forms a feeding point on the radiating part, and an opening is provided on the common ground plate and the transmission line layer at a position corresponding to the metallized conductive part, and a second gap is provided between the opening and the metallized conductive part.

[0021] Specifically, the feeding point is located on the longitudinal center axis of the radiating portion, or in a region close to the longitudinal center axis.

[0022] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna array, comprising at least three antennas according to any of the above solutions.

[0023] Specifically, at least three antennas are arranged in a triangular array.

[0024] Specifically, the triangular array is a right-angled triangle array, an acute-angled triangle array, or an obtuse-angled triangle array.

[0025] Specifically, the triangle array is an isosceles triangle array or an equilateral triangle array.

[0026] Specifically, the vertical distance between two adjacent rows of antennas is greater than or equal to λ / 8, and the vertical distance between two adjacent antennas in each row is greater than or equal to λ / 8, where λ is the wavelength of electromagnetic waves received by the antenna.

[0027] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna system, characterized in that it includes an antenna array according to any of the above solutions.

[0028] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising an antenna according to any of the above schemes, or an antenna array according to any of the above schemes, or an antenna system according to any of the above schemes.

[0029] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for configuring an antenna array, including:

[0030] At least three antennas of any of the above solutions are configured into a triangular array.

[0031] Specifically, the triangular array is a right-angled triangle array, an acute-angled triangle array, or an obtuse-angled triangle array.

[0032] Specifically, the triangle array is an isosceles triangle array or an equilateral triangle array.

[0033] Specifically, the vertical distance between two adjacent rows of antennas is greater than or equal to λ / 8, and the vertical distance between two adjacent antennas in each row is greater than or equal to λ / 8, where λ is the wavelength of electromagnetic waves received by the antenna.

[0034] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for determining the angle of arrival of an electromagnetic wave of an antenna array of any of the above solutions, comprising:

[0035] detecting electromagnetic waves impinging on the antenna array;

[0036] detecting that electromagnetic waves at outputs of at least two antennas on the antenna array reach a phase value;

[0037] Obtaining an arrival phase difference between any two of the at least two antennas according to the arrival phase value of the electromagnetic wave;

[0038] The arrival angle of the electromagnetic wave is determined based on the arrival phase difference.

[0039] According to an antenna, device, system, method for determining an angle of arrival, array, and configuration method provided by embodiments of the present invention, the antenna can reduce size while increasing bandwidth by providing a grounded coplanar waveguide, thereby meeting actual needs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] The following drawings of the present invention are used as part of the embodiments of the present invention for understanding the present invention. The embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings and the description thereof is used to explain the principle of the present invention.

[0041] In the attached figure:

[0042] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a radiation portion according to an optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 is a structural diagram of a radiation portion according to another optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of an antenna according to an optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 A structural diagram of a radiation portion of an antenna in the prior art;

[0046] Figure 5is a schematic diagram of the dimensions of a radiation portion according to an optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the dimensions of a radiation portion according to another optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the dimensions of a radiation portion according to yet another optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of an antenna array according to an optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 9 is a simulation curve diagram of the return loss S11 of the antenna according to an optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 10 is a simulation curve diagram of an axial ratio of an antenna according to an optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 11 is a simulation curve diagram of the return loss S11 of the antenna according to another optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 12 is a simulation curve diagram of an axial ratio of an antenna according to another optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 13 is a simulation curve diagram of the return loss S11 of the antenna according to yet another optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 14 is a gain curve diagram of an antenna according to yet another optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 15 is a simulation curve diagram of an axial ratio of an antenna according to yet another optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 16 is a simulation curve diagram of the return loss S11 of the antenna according to yet another optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 17 is a gain curve diagram of an antenna according to yet another optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 18 is a simulation curve diagram of an axial ratio of an antenna according to yet another optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 19 is a simulation curve diagram of the return loss S11 of the antenna array according to an optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 20 is a gain simulation curve diagram of the first antenna in the antenna array according to an optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 21 is a gain simulation curve diagram of the second antenna in the antenna array according to an optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 22 is a gain simulation curve diagram of the third antenna in the antenna array according to an optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 23 is a simulation curve diagram of the axial ratio of the first antenna in the antenna array according to an optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 24 is a simulation curve diagram of the axial ratio of the second antenna in the antenna array according to an optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 25 is a simulation curve diagram of the axial ratio of the third antenna in the antenna array according to an optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 26 A flow chart of a method for determining the angle of arrival of electromagnetic waves of an antenna array is provided for an embodiment of the present invention.

[0068] Among them, 1-antenna body, 101-radiating part, 1011-longitudinal central axis, 102-first dielectric layer, 2-first slot, 3-second slot, 301-first slot section, 302-second slot section, 4-third slot, 5-feeding point, 6-metallized conductive part, 7-grounded coplanar waveguide, 701-common ground plate, 702-second dielectric layer, 703-transmission line layer, 7031-feeding line, 7032-coplanar waveguide ground plate, 7033-first gap, 8-opening, 9-first antenna, 10-second antenna, 11-third antenna, 12-antenna, 13-front hemisphere, 14-rear hemisphere, 15-array plane, 16-antenna array, 17-incident radio wave, 18-radiation source. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without one or more of these details. In other instances, certain technical features well known in the art are not described to avoid confusion with the present invention.

[0070] It should be noted that the terms used herein are intended only to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of the features, wholes, steps, operations, antennas and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, antennas, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0071] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments may be implemented in a variety of different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. It should be understood that these embodiments are provided to make the disclosure of the present invention thorough and complete and to fully convey the concepts of these exemplary embodiments to those of ordinary skill in the art.

[0072] First, as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the X direction is the length direction of the radiating portion 101, the Y direction is the width direction of the radiating portion 101, and the Z direction is the thickness direction of the antenna, which is also the direction perpendicular to the surface of the radiating portion 101. An embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna, including an antenna body 1 and a grounded coplanar waveguide 7; the antenna body 1 includes a stacked structure consisting of a first dielectric layer 102, a radiating portion 101 and a common ground plate 701, the first dielectric layer 102 and the radiating portion 101 are located on one side of the common ground plate 701, and the first dielectric layer is provided between the radiating portion 101 and the common The grounded coplanar waveguide 7 includes a stacked structure consisting of a common ground plate 701, a second dielectric layer 702 and a transmission line layer 703; the second dielectric layer 702 and the transmission layer 703 are located on the other side of the common ground plate 701, and the second dielectric layer 702 is located between the common ground plate 701 and the transmission layer 703. The transmission line layer 703 includes a feeder 7031 and a coplanar waveguide ground plate 7032 arranged on both sides of the feeder 7031. A first gap 7033 is provided between the coplanar waveguide ground plate 7032 and the feeder 7031.

[0073] The first dielectric layer 102 and the second dielectric layer 702 can be made of bismaleimide triazine resin or glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin. In some preferred implementations, the first dielectric layer 102 and the second dielectric layer 702 are FR4 dielectric substrates. FR4 material offers stable electrical insulation, good flatness, a smooth surface without pits, and standard thickness tolerances. It has excellent electrical properties and is less susceptible to environmental influences. The substrate can have a regular shape, such as a circle or rectangle, or an irregular shape, though this embodiment does not impose strict restrictions. The radiating portion 101, common ground plate 701, feed line 7031, and coplanar waveguide ground plate 7032 can utilize patch structures. Specifically, the patch can be made of conductive materials such as silver, aluminum, iron, zinc, or metal alloys, preferably low-loss conductive materials such as copper or silver. Non-metallic materials, such as graphite or composite plastic materials with conductive materials added, can also be used, though this embodiment does not impose restrictions.

[0074] Compared to microstrip lines and coplanar waveguides, the grounded coplanar waveguide 7's characteristic impedance decreases less with increasing frequency, making its characteristic impedance more stable over frequency. Furthermore, the grounded coplanar waveguide 7 exhibits lower losses. As a UWB antenna, the grounded coplanar waveguide 7 can significantly reduce size while increasing bandwidth, thus meeting the requirements for miniaturization and wide bandwidth in UWB antennas.

[0075] According to an antenna, antenna array, and device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the antenna can reduce size while increasing bandwidth by providing a grounded coplanar waveguide 7, thereby meeting actual needs.

[0076] Furthermore, if Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a first slot 2 is provided in the middle of the radiation portion 101 .

[0077] In specific applications, the axial ratio of the radiating portion 101 can be adjusted by cutting grooves in the radiating portion 101. The first groove 2 has closed edges and is an elongated slot. The shape of the first groove 2 can be designed based on the actual needs of the antenna, and this invention does not impose strict restrictions. Furthermore, the first groove 2 can reduce the frequency without increasing the size of the radiating portion 101, thereby enabling the antenna to have a lower frequency without changing the size of the radiating portion 101.

[0078] Alternatively, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first slot 2 is a waist-shaped slot or an elliptical slot. The waist-shaped slot is a closed slot in which two opposite sides are straight lines of equal length and the other two opposite sides are arcs. Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the central axis of the waist-shaped groove forms an angle with the longitudinal central axis 1011 of the radiating portion 101. The central axis of the waist-shaped groove is the axis of symmetry along the waist length of the waist-shaped groove; the long axis of the elliptical groove forms an angle with the longitudinal central axis 1011 of the radiating portion 101. Angle α also affects the axial ratio and matching performance of the antenna. That is, the smaller the angle α, the smaller the axial ratio of the antenna and the worse the matching performance of the antenna. Optionally, angle α is 44°-46°, and preferably, angle α is 45°.

[0079] It can be understood that the longitudinal center axis 1011 of the radiating portion 101 is a symmetry axis parallel to the X direction.

[0080] Furthermore, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the radiation portion 101 has at least one corner, and a second slot 3 is provided at each corner; each second slot 3 includes a first slot section 301 and a second slot section 302 connected to the first slot section 301, the first slot section 301 is parallel to the extension direction of the side of the radiation portion 101 opposite to the first slot section 301, and the second slot section 302 is parallel to the extension direction of the side of the radiation portion 101 opposite to the first slot section 301.

[0081] The first slot section 301 and the second slot section 302 can lower the frequency without increasing the size of the radiating portion 101. As the length of the first slot section 301 and the second slot section 302 increases, the frequency of the antenna can be moved toward a lower frequency, thereby enabling the antenna to have a lower frequency without changing the size of the radiating portion 101.

[0082] Furthermore, if Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a third slot 4 is further formed in the middle of each side of the radiation portion 101 .

[0083] As the size of the third slot 4 increases, the frequency point of the microstrip antenna moves toward a lower frequency point, thereby enabling the antenna to have a lower frequency point without changing the size of the radiating portion 101. Optionally, the third slot 4 is rectangular.

[0084] In the above embodiment, if Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, radiating portion 101 is rectangular or square. Compared to square radiating portions 101, rectangular radiating portion 101 has a wider bandwidth. Furthermore, the longer the length, the lower the frequency. In other words, length can adjust the frequency. In practical applications, increasing the length can reduce the frequency increase. The length is proportional to 1 / 4λ, where λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves received by the antenna. By appropriately adjusting the length and width of rectangular radiating portion 101, a dual-band microstrip antenna with two similar frequencies can be obtained, thereby improving the antenna's performance and adaptability.

[0085] In specific applications, the radiation portion 101, the first slot 2, the second slot 3 and the third slot 4 can be flexibly configured by the staff according to actual needs. Hereinafter, the structures and corresponding dimensions of several radiation portions 101 will be specifically described:

[0086] In some embodiments, as Figure 5 As shown, the radiating portion 101 is a square, the side length d1 of the radiating portion 101 is 9.7 mm-10.7 mm, the first slot 2 is a waist-shaped slot, the length d2 of the first slot section 301 and the second slot section 302 is 2 mm-3 mm, the width d3 is 0.15 mm-0.25 mm, the length d5 ​​of the third slot 4 is 1.5 mm-2.5 mm, the width d4 is 1.2 mm-2.2 mm, the thickness of the first dielectric layer 102 is 0.712 mm-0.812 mm, and the dielectric constant of the first dielectric layer 102 is 3.61-3.71.

[0087] Preferably, the side length d1 of the radiating portion 101 is 10.2 mm, the first slot 2 is a waist-shaped slot, the length d2 of the first slot section 301 and the second slot section 302 is 2.5 mm, and the width d3 is 0.2 mm. The length d5 ​​of the third slot 4 is 2 mm, and the width d4 is 1.7 mm. The thickness of the first dielectric layer 102 is 0.717 mm, and the dielectric constant of the first dielectric layer 102 is 3.66. Figure 9 and Figure 10 The simulation results of the antenna with the above dimensions are shown in the simulation software. The bandwidth of the antenna is 500MHz and the return loss S11 is less than -6. Figure 5 As shown, when the radiating portion 101 adopts a square with a side length d1 of 11.2 mm and the first slot 2 is a waist-shaped slot, the bandwidth of the antenna is 500 MHz and the return loss S11<-5. It can be seen that the side length of the radiating portion 101 of this embodiment is smaller than the side length of the radiating portion 101 in the prior art, so that the antenna in this embodiment can reduce the size while ensuring that the bandwidth of the antenna does not decrease, which is conducive to miniaturization of the antenna and meets the actual needs of the antenna.

[0088] In other embodiments, Figure 6As shown, the radiation portion 101 is rectangular, the first slot 2 is a waist-shaped slot, the length of the radiation portion 101d7 is 10.4mm-11.4mm, the width d6 is 11.1mm-12.1mm, the thickness of the first dielectric layer 102 is 0.712mm-0.812mm, and the dielectric constant of the first dielectric layer 102 is 3.61-3.71.

[0089] Preferably, the radiation portion 101 is rectangular, the length d7 of the radiation portion 101 is 10.9 mm, the width d6 is 11.6 mm, the thickness of the first dielectric layer 102 is 0.717 mm, and the dielectric constant of the first dielectric layer 102 is 3.66. Figure 12 and Figure 11 The simulation results of the antenna with the above dimensions are shown in the simulation software. The bandwidth of the antenna is 550MHz and the return loss S11 is less than -10. Figure 4 As shown, when the radiating portion 101 adopts a square with a side length of 11.2 mm and the first slot 2 is a waist-shaped slot, the bandwidth of the antenna is 500 MHz and the return loss S11<-5. It can be seen that the radiating portion 101 of this embodiment adopts a rectangle of similar size, which can enable the antenna to have a larger bandwidth, thereby meeting the actual needs of the antenna.

[0090] In some other embodiments, Figure 7 As shown, the radiating portion 101 is rectangular, the length d7 of the radiating portion 101 is 10.5 mm-11.5 mm, the width d6 is 10 mm-11 mm, the length d2 of the first slot section 301 and the second slot section 302 is 0.5 mm-1.5 mm, the width d3 is 0.15 mm-0.25 mm, the length d5 ​​of the third slot 4 is 1.1 mm-2.1 mm, the width d4 is 0.5 mm-1.5 mm, the thickness of the first dielectric layer 102 is 0.712 mm-0.812 mm, and the dielectric constant of the first dielectric layer 102 is 3.61-3.71.

[0091] Preferably, the radiating portion 101 is rectangular, the length d7 of the radiating portion 101 is 11 mm, the width d6 is 10.5 mm, the length d2 of the first slot section 301 and the second slot section 302 is 1 mm, the width d3 is 0.2 mm, the length d5 ​​of the third slot 4 is 1.6 mm, the width d4 is 1 mm, the thickness of the first dielectric layer 102 is 0.717 mm, and the dielectric constant of the first dielectric layer 102 is 3.66. Figure 13 、 Figure 14 and Figure 15 The simulation results of the antenna of the above size using simulation software are as follows: the bandwidth of the antenna is 500MHz and the return loss S11 is less than -10.

[0092] In some other embodiments, the radiating portion 101 is rectangular, the length d7 of the radiating portion 101 is 8.4 mm-9.4 mm, the width d6 is 8.1 mm-9.1 mm, the length d2 of the first slot section 301 and the second slot section 302 is 0.5 mm-1.5 mm, the width d3 is 0.15 mm-0.25 mm, the length d5 ​​of the third slot 4 is 1 mm-2 mm, the width d4 is 0.5 mm-1.5 mm, the thickness of the first dielectric layer 102 is 0.712 mm-0.812 mm, and the dielectric constant of the first dielectric layer 102 is 3.61-3.71.

[0093] Preferably, the radiating portion 101 is rectangular, the length d7 of the radiating portion 101 is 8.9 mm, the width d6 is 8.6 mm, the length d2 of the first slot section 301 and the second slot section 302 is 1 mm, the width d3 is 0.2 mm, the length d4 of the third slot 4 is 1.5 mm, the width d4 is 1 mm, the thickness of the first dielectric layer 102 is 0.717 mm, and the dielectric constant of the first dielectric layer 102 is 3.66. Figure 16 、 Figure 17 and Figure 18 The simulation results of the antenna of the above size using simulation software show that the antenna has a bandwidth of 500MHz, a return loss S11<-10, and a higher frequency band, which can meet the 8GHz frequency band requirements of UWB antennas. When the center frequency is 6.5GHz, the bandwidth of the antenna is 500MHz, which also meets the usage requirements of UWB. Therefore, the antenna has the advantages of wide bandwidth, good axial ratio, and small overall size.

[0094] Furthermore, the antenna also includes a metallized conductive member 6 that passes through the antenna body 1 and the grounded coplanar waveguide 7. The metallized conductive member 6 is connected to the feed line 7031. The metallized conductive member 6 forms a feeding point 5 on the radiating portion 101. An opening 8 is provided at a position corresponding to the metallized conductive member 6 on the common ground plate 701 and the transmission line layer 703. A second gap is provided between the opening 8 and the metallized conductive member 6.

[0095] A gap is provided between the metallized conductive member 6 and the via hole so that the feed is transmitted from the via hole to one end of the metallized conductive member 6 close to the via hole of the transmission line layer 703, and then transmitted to the other end of the metallized conductive member 6, i.e., the feeding point 5, thereby preventing the feeding point 5 from being directly grounded.

[0096] The position of the feeding point 5 affects the matching impedance value of the antenna. The staff can adjust the matching impedance value of the antenna by adjusting the position of the feeding point 5 to improve the matching degree of the antenna.

[0097] Specifically, the feeding point 5 is located on the longitudinal center axis 1011 of the radiating portion 101 , or in a region close to the longitudinal center axis 1011 .

[0098] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna array, comprising at least three antennas according to any of the above solutions.

[0099] The antenna array includes the antennas described in the above embodiments. Therefore, the antennas in the antenna array can reduce the size while increasing the bandwidth by providing the grounded coplanar waveguide 7, thereby meeting actual needs.

[0100] Furthermore, at least three antennas are arranged in a triangular array. Specifically, the triangular array is a right-angled triangle array, an acute-angled triangle array, or an obtuse-angled triangle array. Furthermore, the triangular array is an isosceles triangle array or an equilateral triangle array.

[0101] Exemplarily, there are three antennas, namely the first antenna 9, the second antenna 10 and the third antenna 11. The second antenna 10 and the third antenna 11 are located below the first antenna 9 and arranged side by side, and the second antenna 10 and the third antenna 11 are symmetrically arranged with the central axis of the first antenna 9 as the symmetry axis.

[0102] Furthermore, if Figure 8 As shown, the vertical distance d8 between two adjacent rows of antennas is greater than or equal to λ / 8, and the vertical distance d8 between two adjacent antennas in each row is greater than or equal to λ / 8, where λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave received by the antenna, so that the antennas do not interfere with each other, thereby enhancing the anti-interference ability of the antenna array and enhancing the compactness of the antenna arrangement, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the antenna array. Specific simulation results can be found in Figures 19 to 25 .

[0103] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna system, including the antenna array in the above solution.

[0104] In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an electronic device comprising an antenna according to any of the aforementioned solutions, an antenna array according to any of the aforementioned solutions, or an antenna system according to any of the aforementioned solutions. Such electronic devices include, but are not limited to, UWB positioning devices, and include the antenna structure and / or antenna array structure described in the aforementioned embodiments.

[0105] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for configuring an antenna array, including:

[0106] At least three antennas of any of the above solutions are configured into a triangular array.

[0107] Optionally, the triangle array is a right-angled triangle array, an acute-angled triangle array, or an obtuse-angled triangle array. Further, the triangle array is an isosceles triangle array or an equilateral triangle array.

[0108] Furthermore, the vertical distance between two adjacent rows of antennas is greater than or equal to λ / 8, and the vertical distance between two adjacent antennas in each row is greater than or equal to λ / 8, where λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves received by the antenna, so that the antennas do not interfere with each other, thereby enhancing the anti-interference capability of the antenna array and enhancing the compactness of the antenna arrangement, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the antenna array.

[0109] Sixth aspect, such as Figure 26 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for determining the arrival angle of electromagnetic waves of an antenna array of any of the above solutions, including:

[0110] Step S101: Detecting electromagnetic waves impacting the antenna array.

[0111] Step S102: detecting whether electromagnetic waves outputted by at least two antennas on the antenna array reach a phase value.

[0112] Step S103: Obtaining a phase difference of arrival (PDoA) between any two antennas of at least two antennas according to the phase of arrival value of the electromagnetic wave.

[0113] Step S104: Determine the angle of arrival (AoA) of the electromagnetic wave based on the arrival phase difference.

[0114] The present invention has been described through the above-described embodiments. However, it should be understood that the above-described embodiments are for illustrative and illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the present invention to the described embodiments. Furthermore, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and that various variations and modifications may be made based on the teachings of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that: including an antenna body and a grounded coplanar waveguide; The antenna body includes a stacked structure consisting of a first dielectric layer, a radiating portion, and a common ground plane. The first dielectric layer and the radiating portion are located on one side of the common ground plane, and the first dielectric layer is disposed between the radiating portion and the common ground plane. The radiating portion has at least one corner, each of which is provided with a second slot. Each second slot includes a first slot section and a second slot section connected to the first slot section. The first slot section is parallel to the extension direction of the side of the radiating portion opposite to the first slot section, and the second slot section is parallel to the extension direction of the side of the radiating portion opposite to the first slot section. The grounded coplanar waveguide includes a stacked structure consisting of the common ground plate, a second dielectric layer and a transmission line layer; the second dielectric layer and the transmission line layer are located on the other side of the common ground plate, the second dielectric layer is arranged between the common ground plate and the transmission line layer, the transmission line layer includes a feeder and a coplanar waveguide ground plate arranged on both sides of the feeder, and a first gap is provided between the coplanar waveguide ground plate and the feeder; the radiation part, the common ground plate, the feeder and the coplanar waveguide ground plate adopt a patch structure.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein A first slot is provided in the middle of the radiation portion.

3. The antenna according to claim 2, wherein: The first groove is a waist-shaped groove or an oval groove.

4. The antenna according to claim 3, wherein: The central axis of the waist-shaped groove is set at an angle to the longitudinal central axis of the radiation portion, and the central axis of the waist-shaped groove is the symmetry axis of the waist-shaped groove along the waist length direction; The long axis of the elliptical groove is arranged at an angle to the longitudinal center axis of the radiation portion.

5. The antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that The included angle is 44°-46°.

6. The antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that A third slot is further formed in the middle of each side of the radiation portion.

7. The antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that The third slot is rectangular.

8. The antenna according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that: The radiation portion is rectangular or square.

9. The antenna according to claim 6, wherein: The radiating portion is square, the side length of the radiating portion is 9.7mm-10.7mm, the length of the first slot segment and the second slot segment is 2mm-3mm, and the width is 0.15mm-0.25mm, the length of the third slot is 1.5mm-2.5mm, and the width is 1.2mm-2.2mm, the thickness of the first dielectric layer is 0.712mm-0.812mm, and the dielectric constant of the first dielectric layer is 3.61-3.

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10. The antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that The radiation portion is rectangular, has a length of 10.4 mm to 11.4 mm, and a width of 11.1 mm to 12.1 mm. The thickness of the first dielectric layer is 0.712 mm to 0.812 mm, and the dielectric constant of the first dielectric layer is 3.61 to 3.

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11. The antenna according to claim 6, wherein The radiating portion is rectangular, the length of the radiating portion is 10.5mm-11.5mm, and the width is 10mm-11mm. The length of the first slot segment and the second slot segment is 0.5mm-1.5mm, and the width is 0.15mm-0.25mm. The length of the third slot is 1.1mm-2.1mm, and the width is 0.5mm-0.15mm. The thickness of the first dielectric layer is 0.712mm-0.812mm, and the dielectric constant of the first dielectric layer is 3.61-3.

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12. The antenna according to claim 6, wherein The radiating portion is rectangular, the length of the radiating portion is 8.4mm-9.4mm, and the width is 8.1mm-9.1mm. The length of the first slot segment and the second slot segment is 0.5mm-1.5mm, and the width is 0.15mm-0.25mm. The length of the third slot is 1mm-2mm, and the width is 0.5mm-1.5mm. The thickness of the first dielectric layer is 0.712mm-0.812mm, and the dielectric constant of the first dielectric layer is 3.61-3.

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13. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein The antenna also includes a metallized conductive member that passes through the antenna body and the grounded coplanar waveguide, the metallized conductive member is connected to the feed line, and the metallized conductive member forms a feeding point on the radiating portion. An opening is provided on the common ground plate and the transmission line layer at a position corresponding to the metallized conductive member, and a second gap is provided between the opening and the metallized conductive member.

14. The antenna according to claim 13, wherein: The feeding point is located on the longitudinal center axis of the radiating portion, or in an area close to the longitudinal center axis.

15. An antenna array, characterized in that: The device comprises at least three antennas according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

16. The antenna array according to claim 15, characterized in that At least three of the antennas are arranged in a triangular array.

17. The antenna array according to claim 16, characterized in that The triangle array is a right-angle triangle array, an acute-angle triangle array or an obtuse-angle triangle array.

18. The antenna array according to claim 17, characterized in that The triangle array is an isosceles triangle array or an equilateral triangle array.

19. The antenna array according to claim 15, wherein: The vertical distance between the antennas in two adjacent rows is greater than or equal to λ / 8, and the vertical distance between two adjacent antennas in each row is greater than or equal to λ / 8, where λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves received by the antenna.

20. A method for determining the angle of arrival of electromagnetic waves of the antenna array according to any one of claims 15 to 19, characterized in that: include: detecting electromagnetic waves impinging on the antenna array; detecting that electromagnetic waves at outputs of at least two antennas on the antenna array reach a phase value; Obtaining an arrival phase difference between any two of the at least two antennas according to the arrival phase value of the electromagnetic wave; The arrival angle of the electromagnetic wave is determined based on the arrival phase difference.

21. An antenna system, characterized in that: Comprising the antenna array according to any one of claims 15 to 19.

22. An electronic device, characterized in that: It comprises the antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 14, or the antenna array according to any one of claims 15 to 19, or the antenna system according to claim 20.

23. A method for configuring an antenna array, characterized in that: include: At least three antennas according to any one of claims 1 to 14 are configured as a triangular array.

24. The method according to claim 23, wherein The triangle array is a right-angle triangle array, an acute-angle triangle array or an obtuse-angle triangle array.

25. The method according to claim 24, characterized in that The triangle array is an isosceles triangle array or an equilateral triangle array.

26. The method according to claim 23, wherein The vertical distance between the antennas in two adjacent rows is greater than or equal to λ / 8, and the vertical distance between two adjacent antennas in each row is greater than or equal to λ / 8, where λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves received by the antenna.

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