A fault simulation method and device for automatic power generation control system of power grid

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a fault simulation method and device for an automatic power generation control system of a power grid, and belongs to the technical field of information-physical coupling analysis of power systems. The method comprises: setting mapping functions for each stage of the automatic voltage control system; in each round of simulation, taking the system frequency, tie line power, plant active output, and node active injection as physical quantities, and the plant active output setting value as the control quantity; updating the current value of the control quantity through the mapping function according to the current value of the physical quantity; and updating the current value of the previous physical quantity according to the current value of the control quantity. The present disclosure can realize quantitative analysis of the impact of information disturbance on the power grid, which is conducive to the safe operation of the power grid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of cyber-physical coupling analysis of power systems, and in particular relates to a fault simulation method and device for an automatic power generation control system of a power grid. Background Art

[0002] With the application and development of measurement, communication, simulation, and control technologies in power systems, power systems have become a typical cyber-physical system (CPS). The physical side of a CPS primarily refers to the primary power system, including various substations, power generation equipment, loads, and the power grid. The cyber side encompasses the measurement, communication, simulation, and control components of the power system, including phasor measurement units (PMUs), energy management systems (EMSs), and wide area measurement systems (WAMSs).

[0003] The application of information systems in primary power systems has made power system operation more automated and intelligent, but it has also increased the system's reliance on information systems. The coupling of information systems with physical systems introduces new risks to the stable operation of power systems. Disturbances on the information side can affect the normal operation of the power system. For the automatic generation control (AGC) system, frequency measurement errors, tie-line power planning errors, and command delays can all cause fluctuations in grid frequency and power station output, leading to control errors and challenges to the normal operation of the power system.

[0004] Simulating information-side disturbances in an automatic power generation control system (AGC) can simulate the impact of different information-side disturbances on grid operation. This helps operators understand the potential risks of the grid under its current operating state and the severity of different information disturbances, thereby helping to reduce potential operational risks. Currently, there is no cyber-physical coupling simulation method specifically for AGC systems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this disclosure is to fill the gaps in the existing technology and propose a fault simulation method and device for an automatic power generation control system in a power grid. This disclosure can achieve quantitative analysis of the impact of information disturbances on the power grid, contributing to the safe operation of the power grid.

[0006] The first embodiment of the present disclosure provides a fault simulation method for a power grid automatic power generation control system, comprising:

[0007] Set the mapping functions of each stage of the automatic voltage control system;

[0008] Taking the system frequency, tie line power, plant active output and node active injection as physical quantities, taking the plant active output setting value as the control quantity, and updating the current value of the control quantity through the mapping function according to the current value of the physical quantities;

[0009] The current value of the physical quantity is updated according to the current value of the control quantity.

[0010] In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, the method further includes: when the current values ​​of the physical quantity and the control quantity are updated once, a round of iteration ends; when the number of iteration rounds reaches a set upper limit, the simulation ends, and the system frequency, the interconnection line power and the active output of the plant station obtained in each round of iteration are output.

[0011] In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, the mapping function includes: a measurement phase mapping function, a decision phase mapping function, and an execution phase mapping function.

[0012] In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, the initial values ​​of the tie line power, the active output of the plant and the active injection amount of the node are obtained by performing a power flow calculation under set operating conditions.

[0013] In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, the power flow calculation further includes:

[0014] Calculate the tie line-node injection power sensitivity:

[0015]

[0016] in, is the value of the node impedance matrix in row i and column k, and the superscript n represents the node impedance. is the tie line impedance between node i and node j, and the superscript l represents the tie line impedance.

[0017] In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, updating the current value of the control variable by using the mapping function according to the current value of the physical quantity includes:

[0018] 1) Calculate the virtual measurement signal according to the measurement phase mapping function;

[0019] x→z=E(x)

[0020] Among them, E represents the mapping function of the measurement phase, and x represents the physical quantity to be measured, including: system frequency f, power of each tie line (i,j)∈N T , Active power output of each plant and station k∈N g; z represents the virtual measurement signal of each physical quantity in x after the measurement stage and when it reaches the dispatching center; N T is the grid tie line set, N b is the set of buses in the power grid, N g is the node set where the power plant station is located;

[0021] 2) Calculate the control instructions according to the decision-making stage mapping function:

[0022] z→y=Φ(z)

[0023] Among them, Φ represents the decision-making stage mapping function, and y represents the control instruction;

[0024] 3) Calculate the power grid control variables according to the execution phase mapping function:

[0025] y→u=Ω(y)

[0026] Where Ω represents the mapping function in the execution phase, u is the control quantity, and the control quantity u is the active output setting value of each plant station k∈N g .

[0027] In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, simulating and updating the value of the current physical quantity according to the value of the current control quantity includes:

[0028] 1) Calculate the node active injection power change based on the current system frequency and the active output setting value of each plant station:

[0029] Among them, the active injection power change of node k ΔP k for:

[0030]

[0031] Where, is the active load change of node k, is the change in active power output of the plant at node k;

[0032] According to the active injection power change of k nodes and the active injection power P of k nodes in the current iteration iter step k (iter), update the active injection power of k nodes in the iter+1th step:

[0033] P k (iter+1)=P k (iter)+ΔP k ,k∈N b

[0034] Among them, iter is the round number of the current iteration;

[0035] According to the change of the active power output of the k-node plant and the active power output of the k-node plant in the current iteration iter step Update the active power output of the k-node plant in the iter+1 step:

[0036]

[0037] 2) Based on the change in active power injection at the node, the power change of each tie line is calculated using the tie line-node injection power sensitivity;

[0038] Among them, the power change of the tie line between node i and node j is:

[0039]

[0040] According to the change in the tie line power between node i and node j and the tie line power of the current iteration step iter Update the tie line power at step iter+1:

[0041]

[0042] 3) Calculate the change in total unbalanced power of the grid based on the change in active power injection of the node:

[0043]

[0044] According to the change of the total unbalanced power of the power grid and the total unbalanced power P of the power grid in the current iteration iter step sur (iter), update the total unbalanced power of the power grid at the iter+1 step:

[0045] P sur (iter+1)=P sur (iter)+ΔP sur

[0046] 4) Calculate the system frequency change:

[0047]

[0048] Where H is the system inertia, t step is the simulation step length, P sur =P sur (iter+1);

[0049] According to the frequency change and the system frequency of the current iteration iter step, update the system frequency of the iter+1 step:

[0050] f(iter+1)=f(iter)+Δf.

[0051] A second embodiment of the present disclosure provides a fault simulation device for an automatic power generation control system of a power grid, comprising:

[0052] A mapping function building module is used to set the mapping functions of each stage of the automatic voltage control system;

[0053] a control quantity updating module, configured to use the system frequency, tie line power, plant active output, and node active injection as physical quantities, and the plant active output set value as the control quantity, and update the current value of the control quantity through the mapping function according to the current value of the physical quantity;

[0054] The physical quantity updating module is used to simulate and update the current value of the physical quantity according to the current value of the control quantity.

[0055] A third embodiment of the present disclosure provides an electronic device, including:

[0056] at least one processor; and a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor;

[0057] The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the instructions are configured to execute the above-mentioned fault simulation method for an automatic power generation control system of a power grid.

[0058] A fourth aspect of the present disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for enabling the computer to execute the above-mentioned method for simulating faults in an automatic power generation control system of a power grid.

[0059] Features and beneficial effects of the present disclosure:

[0060] The present disclosure realizes the system state simulation after the information side disturbance by alternately performing step-by-step simulation of the information system and the physical system, wherein the physical system simulation is realized based on the tie line-node injection power sensitivity, and the system frequency simulation can be realized with a small amount of calculation on the basis of the base state flow, and the potential impact of various different information system disturbances on the power grid can be analyzed, which helps dispatchers to better understand the operation risks of the power grid. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0061] Figure 1 This is an overall flow chart of a fault simulation method for an automatic power generation control system of a power grid according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The present disclosure provides a fault simulation method and device for an automatic power generation control system of a power grid, which will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0063] The first embodiment of the present disclosure proposes a fault simulation method for an automatic power generation control system of a power grid. The overall process is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0064] 1) Based on the grid structure and given operating conditions, the power flow is calculated to obtain the initial power flow and calculate the injection power sensitivity of each tie line-node.

[0065] In the disclosed embodiments, the grid structure includes the connection relationship between nodes and branches in the grid, and the location of power plants; the operating conditions refer to the operating status of the grid, including: active power output of the plant, active power injection amount of the node, node load, grid frequency, etc.

[0066] The tie line-node injection power sensitivity represents the rate of change of tie line power when the net active power injected by the node changes. The tie line power between node i and node j is denoted as The active power injection at node k is denoted as P k (where node k is any node, which can be the same as node i or j), then the sensitivity of the tie line power between node i and node j to the active power injection at node k is The calculation expression is as follows:

[0067]

[0068] Where, is the value of the node impedance matrix in row i and column k, and the superscript n represents the node impedance. is the tie line impedance between node i and node j, and the superscript l represents the tie line impedance.

[0069] 2) Set the initial iteration number iter = 0;

[0070] 3) According to the given information system fault, the mapping functions E, Φ, and Ω of each stage of the AGC system are set; where E represents the mapping function of the measurement stage, Φ represents the mapping function of the decision stage of the dispatch center, and Ω represents the mapping function of the control instruction execution stage.

[0071] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the information system failure includes: frequency measurement error, tie line power plan error, instruction issuance delay, etc.

[0072] 4) Perform single-step simulation of the AGC system based on the current values ​​of each physical quantity and update the value of the current control quantity;

[0073] The physical quantities include: system frequency f, power of each tie line (i,j)∈N T , Active power output of each plant and station k∈N g , Active power injection amount P of each nodek ,k∈N b ; N T is the grid tie line set, N b is the set of buses in the power grid, N g The control quantity is the active output setting value of each power station. k∈N g .

[0074] Furthermore, when iter=0, the current value of the physical quantity is the set initial value; wherein, the initial value of the system frequency is specified by the user, and the initial values ​​of the remaining physical quantities are obtained from the initial power flow solution in 1), and then each physical quantity is updated through the system frequency simulation method in step 4).

[0075] The physical quantities required for the AGC system to be input (i.e., the physical quantities to be measured) include: system frequency, power of each tie line, and active power output of each plant. Each input physical quantity may include measurement information of one or more measurement points as input. The single-step simulation method of the AGC system information system specifically includes the following steps:

[0076] 4-1) Calculating a virtual measurement signal according to a set measurement phase mapping function;

[0077] x→z=E(x) (2)

[0078] Where x represents the physical quantity to be measured in the power grid, including: system frequency f, power of each tie line (i,j)∈N T , Active power output of each plant and station k∈N g ; z represents the virtual measurement signal of each physical quantity in x when it reaches the dispatching center after the measurement stage.

[0079] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, for the AGC system, each physical quantity to be measured may have multiple measurement points.

[0080] 4-2) Calculate the control instructions issued according to the set decision stage mapping function:

[0081] z→y=Φ(z) (3)

[0082] Among them, y represents the control instruction issued by the dispatch center;

[0083] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, for the AGC system, the control instruction includes the target power of each plant in the jurisdiction.

[0084] Specifically, for the AGC system, the dispatch center first calculates the area control error (ACE), which is the unbalanced power value within its jurisdiction. It then uses a PI controller to obtain control instructions, with the target value of ACE in the PI controller set to 0. (It should be noted that the PI controller is a very classic controller. Its inputs include ACE and ACE target values, and its output is the target power of each plant, i.e., the control instruction.) If there are multiple dispatch centers controlling plants in different areas, the control instructions need to be calculated separately for each dispatch center.

[0085] 4-3) Execute the phase mapping function according to the set control instructions and calculate the power grid control quantity;

[0086] y→u=Ω(y) (4)

[0087] Where u is the power grid control variable.

[0088] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, for the AGC system, the power grid control quantity is the target power of each plant (it should be noted that the instructions output by the control center need to be transmitted through the information system and executed before they can be finally reflected in the control quantity. Normally, the values ​​of the instructions and the control quantity are not much different, but if there is a fault in the information system, there may be a large difference. This difference is reflected by the function Ω), which is recorded as k∈N g ,in is the active output setting value of the k-node plant (i.e., target power), N g It is the node set where the power plant station is located.

[0089] 5) According to the value of the current control quantity (i.e. step 4), k∈N g ), perform system frequency simulation and update the values ​​of various physical quantities; wherein the single-step simulation of the system frequency specifically includes the following steps:

[0090] 5-1) Calculate the change in active power injection at each node based on the current system frequency, the frequency dynamics of the loads and generators at each node, and the active output setpoints of the power plants at each node;

[0091] Among them, the active load change of node k is recorded as (This change is related to the system frequency), and the change in the active output of the plant at node k is recorded as (This change is related to the system frequency and the active output setting value of the plant at this node), then the active injection power change of node k is ΔP k for:

[0092]

[0093] According to the active injection power change of k nodes and the active injection power P of k nodes in the iter step k (iter), update the active injection power of k nodes in the iter+1th step:

[0094] P k (iter+1)=P k (iter)+ΔP k ,k∈N b (6)

[0095] According to the change of the active power output of the k-node plant and the active power output of the k-node plant in the iter step Update the active power output of the k-node plant in the iter+1 step:

[0096]

[0097] It should be noted that in each round of iteration, and The corresponding functional relationship remains unchanged, but its function value changes with f and The value changes.

[0098] 5-2) Based on the active injection power change of each node, the tie line-node injection power sensitivity is used to calculate the power change of each tie line.

[0099] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the power variation of the tie line between node i and node j is:

[0100]

[0101] According to the change in the tie line power between node i and node j and the tie line power in the iter step renew

[0102] Tie line power at step iter+1:

[0103]

[0104] 5-3) Calculate the total unbalanced power P of the grid based on the change in active injection power of each node sur The change in ΔP sur :

[0105]

[0106] According to the change of the total unbalanced power of the power grid and the total unbalanced power P of the power grid in the iter step sur (iter), update the total unbalanced power of the power grid at the iter+1 step:

[0107] P sur (iter+1)=P sur (iter)+ΔP sur (11)

[0108] 5-4) Calculate the system frequency change:

[0109]

[0110] Where H is the system inertia, t step is the simulation step length, P sur =P sur (iter+1). In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, the simulation step size may be 0.1 seconds.

[0111] According to the frequency change and the system frequency of the iter step, update the system frequency of the iter+1 step:

[0112] f(iter+1)=f(iter)+Δf (13)

[0113] 6) Let the number of iterations iter = iter + 1, and determine:

[0114] If the number of iterations reaches the preset maximum number of iterations, the simulation is terminated, and the system frequency, tie line power, and active output of each plant station in each iteration are output to obtain the system frequency curve, tie line power curve, and active output curve of each plant station for reference by the operator; otherwise, the simulation is returned to 4) to continue the calculation. In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, the simulation step size can be 0.1 seconds, the total simulation time is 100 seconds, and the maximum number of iterations is 1000.

[0115] To implement the above embodiment, a second embodiment of the present disclosure provides a fault simulation device for a power grid automatic power generation control system, comprising:

[0116] A mapping function building module is used to set the mapping functions of each stage of the automatic voltage control system;

[0117] a control quantity updating module, configured to use the system frequency, tie line power, plant active output, and node active injection as physical quantities, and the plant active output set value as the control quantity, and update the current value of the control quantity through the mapping function according to the current value of the physical quantity;

[0118] The physical quantity updating module is used to simulate and update the current value of the physical quantity according to the current value of the control quantity.

[0119] To implement the above embodiment, a third aspect of the present disclosure provides an electronic device, including:

[0120] at least one processor; and a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor;

[0121] The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the instructions are configured to execute the above-mentioned fault simulation method for an automatic power generation control system of a power grid.

[0122] To implement the above embodiments, the fourth aspect of the present disclosure proposes a computer-readable storage medium, which stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable the computer to execute the above-mentioned power grid automatic power generation control system fault simulation method.

[0123] It should be noted that the computer-readable medium mentioned above in the present disclosure may be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium, or any combination of the two. A computer-readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device, or component, or any combination of the above. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection with one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above. In the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, device, or component. In the present disclosure, a computer-readable signal medium may include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, which carries computer-readable program code. Such a propagated data signal may take a variety of forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination of the above. A computer-readable signal medium may also be any computer-readable medium other than a computer-readable storage medium that can transmit, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The program code contained on the computer-readable medium may be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to wires, optical cables, RF (radio frequency), etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0124] The computer-readable medium may be included in the electronic device, or may exist independently and not incorporated into the electronic device. The computer-readable medium carries one or more programs. When executed by the electronic device, the one or more programs cause the electronic device to execute the fault simulation method for a power grid automatic generation control system according to the above embodiment.

[0125] Computer program code for performing the operations of the present disclosure may be written in one or more programming languages, or a combination thereof, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Smalltalk, C++, and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as "C" or similar programming languages. The program code may be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on the remote computer or server. In cases involving a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., through the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0126] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0127] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. Throughout the description of this application, "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0128] Any process or method description in a flowchart or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, segment or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing the steps of a specific logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present application includes alternative implementations in which functions may be performed out of the order shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order depending on the functions involved, which should be understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present application belong.

[0129] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing the logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (e.g., a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For purposes of this specification, a "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic devices), a portable computer disk cartridge (magnetic device), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). Furthermore, the computer-readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium and then editing, interpreting or otherwise processing it in a suitable manner if necessary, and then storing it in a computer memory.

[0130] It should be understood that various parts of the present application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented using hardware, as in another embodiment, any one of the following technologies known in the art or a combination thereof can be used to implement: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application-specific integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0131] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the above-mentioned embodiment can be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiment.

[0132] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into a processing module, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a module. The above-mentioned integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0133] The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, etc. Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application. Persons skilled in the art may make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A fault simulation method for an automatic power generation control system of a power grid, characterized in that: include: Set the mapping functions of each stage of the automatic voltage control system; Taking the system frequency, tie line power, plant active output and node active injection as physical quantities, taking the plant active output setting value as the control quantity, and updating the current value of the control quantity through the mapping function according to the current value of the physical quantities; updating the current value of the physical quantity according to the current value of the control quantity; The initial values ​​of the tie line power, the active output of the plant and the active injection amount of the node are obtained by performing a power flow calculation under a set operating condition; The power flow calculation also includes: Calculate the tie line-node injection power sensitivity: in, is the value of the node impedance matrix in row i and column k, and the superscript n represents the node impedance. is the tie line impedance between node i and node j, and the superscript l represents the tie line impedance; The updating of the current value of the control variable by the mapping function according to the current value of the physical quantity includes: 1) Calculate the virtual measurement signal according to the measurement phase mapping function; x→z=E(x) Among them, E represents the mapping function of the measurement phase, and x represents the physical quantity to be measured, including: system frequency f, power of each tie line Active power output of each plant and station z represents the virtual measurement signal of each physical quantity in x after it reaches the dispatching center after the measurement stage; N T is the grid tie line set, N b is the set of buses in the power grid, N g is the node set where the power plant station is located; 2) Calculate the control instructions according to the decision-making stage mapping function: z→y=Φ(z) Among them, Φ represents the decision-making stage mapping function, and y represents the control instruction; 3) Calculate the power grid control variables according to the execution phase mapping function: y→u=Ω(y) Where Ω represents the mapping function in the execution phase, u is the control quantity, and the control quantity u is the active output setting value of each plant station The updating of the current value of the physical quantity according to the current value of the control quantity includes: 1) Calculate the node active injection power change based on the current system frequency and the active output setting value of each plant station: Among them, the active injection power change of node k ΔP k for: Where, is the active load change of node k, is the change in active power output of the plant at node k; According to the active injection power change of k nodes and the active injection power P of k nodes in the current iteration iter step k (iter), update the active injection power of k nodes in the iter+1th step: P k (iter+1)=P k (iter)+ΔP k ,k∈N b Among them, iter is the round number of the current iteration; According to the change of the active power output of the k-node plant and the active power output of the k-node plant in the current iteration iter step Update the active power output of the k-node plant in the iter+1 step: 2) Based on the change in active power injection at the node, the power change of each tie line is calculated using the tie line-node injection power sensitivity; Among them, the power change of the tie line between node i and node j is: According to the change in the tie line power between node i and node j and the tie line power of the current iteration step iter Update the tie line power at step iter+1: 3) Calculate the change in total unbalanced power of the grid based on the change in active power injection of the node: According to the change of the total unbalanced power of the power grid and the total unbalanced power P of the power grid in the current iteration iter step sur (iter), update the total unbalanced power of the power grid at the iter+1 step: P sur (iter+1)=P sur (iter)+ΔP sur 4) Calculate the system frequency change: Where H is the system inertia, t step is the simulation step length, P sur =P sur (iter+1); According to the frequency change and the system frequency of the current iteration iter step, update the system frequency of the iter+1 step: f(iter+1)=f(iter)+Δf.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method also includes: when the current values ​​of the physical quantity and the control quantity are updated once, a round of iteration ends; when the number of iteration rounds reaches a set upper limit, the simulation ends, and the system frequency, the tie line power and the active output of the plant station obtained in each round of iteration are output.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The mapping functions include: a measurement phase mapping function, a decision phase mapping function, and an execution phase mapping function.

4. A fault simulation device for an automatic power generation control system of a power grid, characterized in that: include: A mapping function building module is used to set the mapping functions of each stage of the automatic voltage control system; a control quantity updating module, configured to use the system frequency, tie line power, plant active output, and node active injection as physical quantities, and the plant active output set value as the control quantity, and update the current value of the control quantity through the mapping function according to the current value of the physical quantity; A physical quantity updating module, configured to update a current value of the physical quantity according to a current value of the control quantity; The initial values ​​of the tie line power, the active output of the plant and the active injection amount of the node are obtained by performing a power flow calculation under a set operating condition; The power flow calculation also includes: Calculate the tie line-node injection power sensitivity: in, is the value of the node impedance matrix in row i and column k, and the superscript n represents the node impedance. is the tie line impedance between node i and node j, and the superscript l represents the tie line impedance; The updating of the current value of the control variable by the mapping function according to the current value of the physical quantity includes: 1) Calculate the virtual measurement signal according to the measurement phase mapping function; x→z=E(x) Among them, E represents the mapping function of the measurement phase, and x represents the physical quantity to be measured, including: system frequency f, power of each tie line Active power output of each plant and station z represents the virtual measurement signal of each physical quantity in x after it reaches the dispatching center after the measurement stage; N T is the grid tie line set, N b is the set of buses in the power grid, N g is the node set where the power plant station is located; 2) Calculate the control instructions according to the decision-making stage mapping function: z→y=Φ(z) Among them, Φ represents the decision-making stage mapping function, and y represents the control instruction; 3) Calculate the power grid control variables according to the execution phase mapping function: y→u=Ω(y) Where Ω represents the mapping function in the execution phase, u is the control quantity, and the control quantity u is the active output setting value of each plant station The updating of the current value of the physical quantity according to the current value of the control quantity includes: 1) Calculate the node active injection power change based on the current system frequency and the active output setting value of each plant station: Among them, the active injection power change of node k ΔP k for: Where, is the active load change of node k, is the change in active power output of the plant at node k; According to the active injection power change of k nodes and the active injection power P of k nodes in the current iteration iter step k (iter), update the active injection power of k nodes in the iter+1th step: P k (iter+1)=P k (iter)+ΔP k ,k∈N b Among them, iter is the round number of the current iteration; According to the change of the active power output of the k-node plant and the active power output of the k-node plant in the current iteration iter step Update the active power output of the k-node plant in the iter+1 step: 2) Based on the change in active power injection at the node, the power change of each tie line is calculated using the tie line-node injection power sensitivity; Among them, the power change of the tie line between node i and node j is: According to the change in the tie line power between node i and node j and the tie line power of the current iteration step iter Update the tie line power at step iter+1: 3) Calculate the change in total unbalanced power of the grid based on the change in active power injection of the node: According to the change of the total unbalanced power of the power grid and the total unbalanced power P of the power grid in the current iteration iter step sur (iter), update the total unbalanced power of the power grid at the iter+1 step: P sur (iter+1)=P sur (iter)+ΔP sur 4) Calculate the system frequency change: Where H is the system inertia, t step is the simulation step length, P sur =P sur (iter+1); According to the frequency change and the system frequency of the current iteration iter step, update the system frequency of the iter+1 step: f(iter+1)=f(iter)+Δf.

5. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: at least one processor; and, a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the instructions are configured to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

6. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable the computer to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

Images