500-ton vertical four-column multi-functional hydraulic press

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of forging and forming mechanical equipment, and proposes a 500-ton vertical four-column multi-functional hydraulic press with reasonable structural design, simple operation, and capable of realizing integral forming of holes, including a lower die base, upper columns, and an upper die base. An upper crossbeam is provided above the upper die base. The upper columns are erected between the lower die base and the upper crossbeam. A die opening and closing positioning sleeve is detachably provided on the lower die base. Two side dies are provided on the lower die base. A die closing cover is detachably provided on the upper die base. A forging cavity for forging components is formed among the die opening and closing positioning sleeve, the side dies, and the die closing cover. An upper forming hole is opened on the upper die base. An upper forming punch is provided above the upper forming hole. A first side forming punch is provided on the lower die base. At least one of the side dies, the die closing cover, and the die opening and closing positioning sleeve is provided with a first hole forming channel communicating with the forging cavity. A side driving mechanism is provided on the lower die base, and an upper driving mechanism is provided on the upper crossbeam.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of forging and forming mechanical equipment, and particularly relates to a 500-ton vertical four-column multi-functional hydraulic press. Background Art

[0002] The properties of components formed by forging and casting with the same material are different. The mechanical properties of castings are lower than those of forgings of the same material. Forging can ensure the continuity of the metal fiber structure, making the fiber structure of the forging consistent with the forging shape, and the metal streamline is complete, which can ensure that the component has good mechanical properties and a longer service life. Forgings produced by processes such as precision die forging, cold extrusion, and warm extrusion are incomparable to castings. A forging is an object in which metal is subjected to pressure and shaped by plastic deformation to obtain the required shape or an appropriate compressive force. A casting is an object obtained by pouring the smelted liquid metal into a pre-prepared mold by pouring, injection, suction, or other casting methods, and after cooling, through shakeout, cleaning, and post-treatment, etc., with a certain shape, size, and performance.

[0003] Therefore, the shape of a casting can be diversified with the mold, and some holes can also be directly integrally formed by casting. However, a forging is formed by extrusion, and after forming, the mold needs to be opened to take out the part. Therefore, the shape of the forging die cannot be diversified, and it is difficult to integrally forge some holes and cavities. There is almost no equipment in the existing equipment that can flexibly forge holes in forgings, so that after the forging is formed, other cutting equipment is required to process the holes in the forging. Reaming the hole after forging not only causes waste of raw materials, but also the removed materials increase the forging tonnage of the forging equipment and increase the operating cost of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, in view of the above problems, the present invention provides a 500-ton vertical four-column multi-functional hydraulic press with reasonable structural design, simple operation, and capable of realizing integral hole forming.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a 500-ton vertical four-column multi-functional hydraulic press, including a lower die base, upper columns, and an upper die base slidably arranged on the upper columns. An upper crossbeam is arranged above the upper die base. The upper columns are erected between the lower die base and the upper crossbeam. A mold opening and closing positioning sleeve is detachably arranged on the lower die base. Two side dies that can be opened and closed symmetrically on the lower die base can enclose the mold opening and closing positioning sleeve. A mold closing cover that can enclose the two side dies is detachably arranged on the lower end surface of the upper die base. A forging cavity for forging parts is formed among the mold opening and closing positioning sleeve, the side dies, and the mold closing cover. The upper die base is provided with an upper forming hole communicating with the forging cavity. An upper forming punch that can extend into the forging cavity is slidably arranged up and down above the upper forming hole. At least one side of the lower die base is provided with a first side forming punch for forming holes on the side wall of the forging. At least one of the side dies, the mold closing cover, and the mold opening and closing positioning sleeve is provided with a first hole forming channel communicating with the forging cavity for the first side forming punch to extend into. A side driving mechanism is arranged on the lower die base for driving the side dies to close or open and driving the first side forming punch to stamp and form the forging. An upper driving mechanism is arranged on the upper crossbeam for driving the mold closing cover to slide up and down for mold closing or mold lifting and driving the upper forming punch to slide up and down to stamp and form the forging.

[0006] Further improvement is: a lower crossbeam is arranged below the lower die base. Lower columns are erected between the lower die base and the lower crossbeam. The lower die base is provided with a lower forming hole communicating with the forging cavity. A lower forming punch is slidably arranged up and down below the lower forming hole. A lower driving mechanism is arranged on the lower crossbeam for driving the lower forming punch to slide up and down to stamp and form the forging.

[0007] Further improvement is: a mold lifting device is arranged on the upper die base for breaking the viscous force generated between the forging and the mold closing cover during forging to assist the mold closing cover in mold lifting.

[0008] Further improvement is: a mold locking device is arranged on the lower die base for locking the side dies when the side dies are closed to prevent the mold from exploding during the forging process.

[0009] Further improvement: The side driving mechanism includes supports respectively arranged on both sides of the lower die base. An installation channel for the upper upright column to pass through is formed on the support. A side die driving cylinder is arranged on the side surface of the support. A side die driving piston is slidably arranged in the side die driving cylinder. A side die driving guide sleeve is arranged at the port of the side die driving cylinder. First oil channels for oil inlet and outlet are respectively arranged on the end face and side wall of the side die driving cylinder. A driving groove for the free end of the side die driving piston to stretch is formed on the support. At least one driving rod for driving the side die to open and close is arranged on the side die driving piston. A driving channel for the driving rod to pass through is formed on the support. The free end of the driving rod is arranged on the side die. A first side forming driving device for driving the first side forming punch to act is arranged on the side die driving piston. A deformation prevention device for preventing the supports from deforming and breaking during forging is arranged between the supports.

[0010] Further improvement: The first side forming driving device includes a piston cavity formed inside the side die driving piston. A side punch driving piston rod is arranged in the piston cavity. A side punch guide sleeve is arranged at the cavity opening of the piston cavity. A first oil guide pipe connected to the piston cavity is arranged at one end of the side die driving piston far away from the side punch guide sleeve. The free end of the first oil guide pipe is slidably penetrated through the end face of the side die driving cylinder. A second oil channel connected to the piston cavity is arranged on the side wall of the side die driving piston. The first side forming punch is detachably arranged on the side punch driving piston rod.

[0011] Further improvement: The deformation prevention device includes two pull rods for restricting the deformation of the two supports in the direction away from each other. The two ends of the pull rods are respectively fixedly penetrated through the supports and the side die driving cylinders. A sleeve for restricting the deformation of the two supports in the direction close to each other is sleeved on the pull rod located between the two supports.

[0012] Further improvement: The sleeve is a semi-circular sleeve, and the semi-circular sleeve is arranged outside the pull rod.

[0013] Further improvement: First side forming punches moving in the same direction as the side die are respectively arranged on both sides of the lower die base and on both sides of the side die. Second supports are respectively slidably arranged up and down between both sides of the support. A second side forming punch for forming holes on the side wall of the forging is arranged on the second support. At least one of the side die, the mold closing cover, and the mold opening and closing positioning sleeve is provided with a second hole forming channel communicated with the forging cavity for the first side forming punch to extend into. A second side forming driving device for driving the second side forming punch to act is arranged on the second support.

[0014] Further improvement is that a sliding hydraulic cylinder for driving the second support to slide up and down is arranged on the lower cross beam. The cylinder body of the sliding hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged on the lower cross beam, and the free end of the piston rod of the sliding hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the second support. A guiding device for enabling the second support to slide vertically up and down is arranged on the support.

[0015] Further improvement is that the guiding device includes guiding chutes respectively opened on the two supports, and both sides of the second support are slidably arranged in the guiding chutes.

[0016] Further improvement is that the second side forming driving device includes a second side forming hydraulic cylinder. The cylinder body of the second side forming hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged on the second support, and the second side forming punch is detachably arranged on the piston rod of the second side forming hydraulic cylinder.

[0017] Further improvement is that the upper driving mechanism includes a die closing hydraulic cylinder. The cylinder body of the die closing hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the upper cross beam, and an installation plate is arranged on the piston rod of the die closing hydraulic cylinder. Support columns are arranged between the installation plate and the upper die base. Both ends of the support columns are respectively fixedly arranged on the installation plate and the upper cross beam. An upper forming device for driving the upper forming punch to slide up and down to stamp and form the forging is arranged on the installation plate.

[0018] Further improvement is that the upper forming device includes an upper hydraulic cylinder. The cylinder body of the upper hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the installation plate, and the upper forming punch is detachably arranged on the piston rod of the upper hydraulic cylinder.

[0019] Further improvement is that the lower driving mechanism includes a lower hydraulic cylinder. The cylinder body of the lower hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the lower cross beam, and the lower forming punch is detachably arranged on the piston rod of the lower hydraulic cylinder.

[0020] Further improvement is that the mold lifting device includes mold lifting hydraulic cylinders symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mold closing cover. An installation groove is opened upwards on the lower end surface of the upper die base. The cylinder body of the mold lifting hydraulic cylinder is arranged in the installation groove. The upper end of the mold lifting hydraulic cylinder is provided with a second oil pipe. An oil guiding through hole for the second oil pipe to pass through is opened at the bottom of the installation groove. External threads are arranged on the outer wall of the second oil pipe, and a fastening nut is threadedly connected to the external threads. The outer diameter of the fastening nut is larger than the inner diameter of the oil guiding through hole. A third oil passage communicated with the hydraulic cavity of the mold lifting hydraulic cylinder is opened on the guiding sleeve of the mold lifting hydraulic cylinder.

[0021] Further improvements are as follows: The mold clamping device includes mold clamping hydraulic cylinders respectively arranged on the side edges of the two side molds. The cylinder body of the mold clamping hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged on the lower end face of the lower mold base. A mold clamping channel for the piston rod of the mold clamping hydraulic cylinder to pass through is provided on the lower mold base, and a mold clamping hole for the piston rod of the mold clamping hydraulic cylinder to extend into is provided at the lower end of the side mold.

[0022] By adopting the foregoing technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] 1. The research and development of the present invention is of great significance for forgings, enabling components with holes on the side walls not to be limited to casting production. For environmental protection, forging has less pollution than casting. If it can be popularized and used, it can greatly reduce the environmental pollution caused by casting in the long run. For components that require hole processing, the performance of forgings is better than that of castings, avoiding the existence of defects such as air bubbles, and can optimize the performance of the equipment using such components. For production, the forming steps of forgings are fewer than those of castings, and there is no need for post-treatment such as making sand molds, shakeout, and cleaning, which can improve production efficiency. Compared with the original forgings, the holes on the side walls of the components forged by this equipment can be integrally forged and formed, eliminating the step of machining holes after the original forgings are formed, which not only simplifies the production steps but also avoids the waste of raw materials cut off.

[0024] 2. The present invention is provided with a mold clamping hydraulic cylinder for clamping the side mold. A smaller hydraulic cylinder is used to limit the opening of the side mold, replacing the original side mold pressing hydraulic cylinder that requires a larger tonnage, reducing the volume of the hydraulic cylinder, reducing the space occupied by the equipment horizontally and the size of the supporting parts, reducing the manufacturing cost of the equipment, and optimizing the operating space at the same time.

[0025] 3. The opening and closing mold positioning sleeves, side molds, mold closing covers, upper forming punches, lower forming punches, first side forming punches, and second side forming punches in the present invention are all detachable and can be replaced accordingly according to the shape and size of the forgings. The upper forming punch, lower forming punch, first side forming punch, and second side forming punch can perform corresponding actions selectively according to the structure of the forgings. The second side forming punch can also slide up and down to adjust the punching position. This enables the equipment to more flexibly adapt to the forging of forgings with different shapes, enhances the versatility of the equipment, and facilitates the popularization and use of the equipment.

[0026] 4. The ejection hydraulic cylinder provided in the present invention can assist the mold closing hydraulic cylinder to drive the upper mold base and the mold closing cover to move upward for ejection, facilitating the demolding of the forgings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of a 500-ton vertical four-column multi-functional hydraulic press according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic side view structure diagram of a 500-ton vertical four-column multi-functional hydraulic press according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 is Figure 1 It is a schematic internal structure diagram in the direction of line A-A in a 500-ton vertical four-column multi-functional hydraulic press according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 is Figure 2 It is a schematic internal structure diagram in the direction of line B-B in a 500-ton vertical four-column multi-functional hydraulic press according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 is Figure 3 It is an enlarged partial structure diagram at position C in a 500-ton vertical four-column multi-functional hydraulic press according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 is Figure 3 It is an enlarged partial structure diagram at position D in a 500-ton vertical four-column multi-functional hydraulic press according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 7 is Figure 4 It is an enlarged partial structure diagram at position E in a 500-ton vertical four-column multi-functional hydraulic press according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 8 is Figure 4 It is an enlarged partial structure diagram at position F in a 500-ton vertical four-column multi-functional hydraulic press according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] Refer to Figures 1 to 8, what is disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention is a 500-ton vertical four-column multi-functional hydraulic press, including a lower die base 10, four upper columns 11, and an upper die base 12 slidably arranged on the upper columns 11. An upper crossbeam 13 is arranged above the upper die base 12. The upper columns 11 are erected between the lower die base 10 and the upper crossbeam 13. A mold opening and closing positioning sleeve 14 is detachably arranged on the lower die base 10. Two side dies 15 that can be opened and closed symmetrically are arranged on the lower die base 10 to enclose the mold opening and closing positioning sleeve 14. A mold closing cover 16 that can enclose the two side dies 15 is detachably arranged on the lower end surface of the upper die base 12. A forging cavity for forging components is formed among the mold opening and closing positioning sleeve 14, the side dies 15, and the mold closing cover 16. An upper forming hole 18 communicating with the forging cavity is opened on the upper die base 12. An upper forming punch 19 that can extend into the forging cavity is slidably arranged up and down above the upper forming hole 18. First side forming punches 20 that move in the same direction as the side dies 15 are respectively arranged on both sides of the two side dies 15 on the lower die base 10. At least one of the side dies 15, the mold closing cover 16, and the mold opening and closing positioning sleeve 14 is provided with a first hole forming channel 21 communicating with the forging cavity for the first side forming punch 20 to extend into. A lower crossbeam 22 is arranged below the lower die base 10. Four lower columns 23 are erected between the lower die base 10 and the lower crossbeam 22. A lower forming hole 24 communicating with the forging cavity is opened on the lower die base 10. A lower forming punch 25 is slidably arranged up and down below the lower forming hole 24. A side driving mechanism for driving the side dies 15 to close or open and driving the first side forming punch 20 to stamp and form the forging is arranged on the lower die base 10. An upper driving mechanism for driving the mold closing cover 16 to slide up and down for mold closing or mold lifting and driving the upper forming punch 19 to slide up and down to stamp and form the forging is arranged on the upper crossbeam 13. A lower driving mechanism for driving the lower forming punch 25 to slide up and down to stamp and form the forging is arranged on the lower crossbeam 22. A mold lifting device for breaking the viscous force generated between the forging and the mold closing cover 16 during forging formation to assist the mold closing cover 16 to lift the mold is arranged on the upper die base 12. A mold locking device for locking the side dies 15 when the side dies 15 are closed to prevent the mold from exploding during the forging formation process is arranged on the lower die base 10.

[0037] The side driving mechanism includes supports 26 respectively arranged on both sides of the lower die base 10. An installation channel for the upper upright column 11 to pass through is formed on the support 26. A side die driving cylinder 28 is arranged on the side surface of the support 26. A side die driving piston 29 is slidably arranged in the side die driving cylinder 28. A side die driving guide sleeve 30 is arranged at the port of the side die driving cylinder 28. First oil channels 31 for oil inlet and outlet are respectively arranged on the end face and the side wall of the side die driving cylinder 28. A driving groove 32 for the free end of the side die driving piston 29 to stretch is formed on the support 26. Two driving rods 33 for driving the side die 15 to open and close are symmetrically arranged on the side die driving piston 29. A driving channel 34 for the driving rod 33 to pass through is formed on the support 26. The free end of the driving rod 33 is arranged on the side die 15. A convex block is arranged at the free end of the driving rod 33. A slideway for the convex block to slide into is formed on the side die 15. A first side forming driving device for driving the first side forming punch 20 to act is arranged on the side die driving piston 29. A deformation prevention device for preventing the supports 26 from deforming and breaking during forging is arranged between the supports 26.

[0038] The first side forming driving device includes a piston cavity 37 formed inside the side die driving piston 29. A side punch driving piston rod 38 is arranged in the piston cavity 37. A side punch guide sleeve 39 is arranged at the cavity opening of the piston cavity 37. A first oil guide pipe 40 communicated with the piston cavity 37 is arranged at one end of the side die driving piston 29 far away from the side punch guide sleeve 39. The free end of the first oil guide pipe 40 is slidably arranged through the end face of the side die driving cylinder 28. A second oil channel 41 communicated with the piston cavity is arranged on the side wall of the side die driving piston 29. The first side forming punch 20 is detachably arranged on the side punch driving piston rod 38 by threads.

[0039] The deformation prevention device includes two pull rods 42 for restricting the deformation of the two supports 26 in the direction away from each other. The two ends of the pull rod 42 are respectively fixedly arranged through the supports 26 and the side die driving cylinder 28. A sleeve for restricting the deformation of the two supports 26 in the direction close to each other is sleeved on the pull rod 42 between the two supports 26. In order to make the space compact and avoid occupying a large space, the sleeve is a semi-circular sleeve 43, and the semi-circular sleeve 43 is arranged outside the pull rod 42.

[0040] On both sides of the support 26, second supports 44 are respectively arranged to be slidable up and down. A sliding hydraulic cylinder 45 for driving the second supports 44 to slide up and down is arranged on the lower cross beam 22. The cylinder body of the sliding hydraulic cylinder 45 is fixedly arranged on the lower cross beam 22, and the free end of the piston rod of the sliding hydraulic cylinder 45 is arranged on the second support 44. A convex block is arranged on the piston rod of the sliding hydraulic cylinder 45, and a slideway for the convex block to slide into is formed on the second support 44. A second side forming punch 46 for forming holes in the side wall of the forging is arranged on the second support 44. At least one of the side die 15, the mold closing cover 16, and the mold opening and closing positioning sleeve 14 is provided with a second hole forming channel 47 communicating with the forging cavity for the first side forming punch 20 to extend into. A guiding device for enabling the second support 44 to slide vertically up and down is arranged on the support 26. The guiding device includes guiding chutes 48 respectively formed on the two supports 26, and both sides of the second support 44 are slidably arranged in the guiding chutes 48. A second side forming driving device for driving the second side forming punch 46 to act is arranged on the second support 44.

[0041] The second side forming driving device includes a second side forming hydraulic cylinder 49. The cylinder body of the second side forming hydraulic cylinder 49 is fixedly arranged on the second support 44, and the second side forming punch 46 is detachably arranged on the piston rod of the second side forming hydraulic cylinder 49.

[0042] The upper driving mechanism includes a mold closing hydraulic cylinder 50. The cylinder body of the mold closing hydraulic cylinder 50 is arranged on the upper cross beam 13, and the upper cross beam 13 and the rod body of the mold closing hydraulic cylinder 50 are integrally formed. An installation plate 51 is arranged on the piston rod of the mold closing hydraulic cylinder 50. Four support columns 52 are arranged between the installation plate 51 and the upper mold base 12. Both ends of the support columns 52 are respectively fixedly arranged on the installation plate 51 and the upper cross beam 13 through nuts. An upper forming device for driving the upper forming punch 19 to slide up and down to stamp and form the forging is arranged on the installation plate 51. The upper forming device includes an upper hydraulic cylinder 53. The cylinder body of the upper hydraulic cylinder 53 is arranged on the installation plate 51, and the upper forming punch 19 is detachably arranged on the piston rod of the upper hydraulic cylinder 53.

[0043] The lower driving mechanism includes a lower hydraulic cylinder 54. The cylinder body of the lower hydraulic cylinder 54 is arranged on the lower cross beam 22, and the lower cross beam 22 and the cylinder body of the lower hydraulic cylinder 54 are integrally manufactured. The lower forming punch 25 is detachably arranged on the piston rod of the lower hydraulic cylinder 54.

[0044] The mold-lifting device includes mold-lifting hydraulic cylinders 55 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mold-closing cover 16. An installation groove 56 is opened upward on the lower end surface of the upper mold base 12. The cylinder body of the mold-lifting hydraulic cylinder 55 is arranged in the installation groove 56. A second oil pipe 57 is arranged at the upper end of the mold-lifting hydraulic cylinder 55. An oil guiding through hole 58 for the second oil pipe 57 to pass through is opened at the bottom of the installation groove 56. An external thread 59 is arranged on the outer wall of the second oil pipe 57. A fastening nut 60 is threadedly connected to the external thread 59. The outer diameter of the fastening nut 60 is greater than the inner diameter of the oil guiding through hole 58. A third oil passage 61 communicating with the hydraulic chamber of the mold-lifting hydraulic cylinder 55 is opened on the guide sleeve of the mold-lifting hydraulic cylinder 55.

[0045] The mold-locking device includes mold-locking hydraulic cylinders 62 respectively arranged on the side edges of the two side molds 15. The cylinder body of the mold-locking hydraulic cylinder 62 is fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the lower mold base 10. A mold-locking channel 63 for the piston rod of the mold-locking hydraulic cylinder 62 to pass through is opened on the lower mold base 10. A mold-locking hole 64 for the piston rod of the mold-locking hydraulic cylinder 62 to extend into is opened at the lower end of the side mold 15. The mold-locking hydraulic cylinder 62 is arranged on the lower end surface of the lower mold base 10, which is convenient for using the stress of the lower mold base 10 to enhance the mold-locking force of the piston rod of the mold-locking hydraulic cylinder 62.

[0046] Usage method of the 500-ton vertical four-column multi-functional hydraulic press: Place the blank on the lower mold base 10, and control the side mold 15 and the mold-closing cover 16 to close. The piston rod of the mold-locking hydraulic cylinder 62 extends through the mold-locking channel 63 and extends into the mold-locking hole 64 to lock the side mold 15 to prevent mold explosion during the forging process. The upper forming punch 19 and the lower forming punch 25 act successively or simultaneously to extrude and form the blank. The first side forming punch 20, the second side forming punch 46, the upper forming punch 19, and the lower forming punch 25 act successively or simultaneously to form the holes on the side wall of the forging. After the forging is formed, the first side forming punch 20, the second side forming punch 46, the upper forming punch 19, and the lower forming punch 25 reset. The piston rod of the mold-lifting hydraulic cylinder 55 extends and acts on the side mold 15 to assist the mold-closing hydraulic cylinder 50 to drive the upper mold base 12 and the mold-closing cover 16 to move upward for mold lifting. The piston rod of the mold-locking hydraulic cylinder 62 resets, the side mold 15 resets, and the forging is taken out.

[0047] The present invention can replace the positioning sleeve for opening and closing the die, the side die, the die closing cover, the upper forming punch, the lower forming punch, the first side forming punch and the second side forming punch according to the shape and size of the forging to be forged, select a suitable forging die, and only the corresponding punch actions are required. For example, when the side wall holes of the forging do not need to be forged, the positioning sleeve for opening and closing the die on the lower die base is replaced with the lower die body of the forging die (i.e., the combination of the positioning sleeve for opening and closing the die and the side die), and the upper die body of the forging die (i.e., the die closing cover) is arranged on the upper die base. It is also possible to control whether the lower forming punch acts according to whether the internal channel of the forging is fully open or semi-open.

[0048] The accompanying drawings are only for better illustrating the technical solution and do not represent the final structural style of this case.

[0049] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and descriptions only illustrates the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A 500-ton vertical four-column multi-functional hydraulic press, comprising a lower die base, upper columns, and an upper die base slidably disposed on the upper columns, characterized in that: Above the upper die holder, there is an upper crossbeam. The upper columns are erected between the lower die holder and the upper crossbeam. A mold opening and closing positioning sleeve is detachably arranged on the lower die holder. Two side dies that can be opened and closed symmetrically are arranged on the lower die holder to enclose the mold opening and closing positioning sleeve. A mold closing cover that can enclose the two side dies is detachably arranged on the lower end face of the upper die holder. A forging cavity for forging parts is formed among the mold opening and closing positioning sleeve, the side dies, and the mold closing cover. The upper die holder is provided with an upper forming hole communicating with the forging cavity. An upper forming punch that can extend into the forging cavity is slidably arranged up and down above the upper forming hole. At least one side of the lower die holder is provided with a first side forming punch for forming holes on the side wall of the forging. At least one of the side dies, the mold closing cover, and the mold opening and closing positioning sleeve is provided with a first hole forming channel communicating with the forging cavity for the first side forming punch to extend into. A side driving mechanism is arranged on the lower die holder to drive the side dies to close or open and drive the first side forming punch to stamp and form the forging. An upper driving mechanism is arranged on the upper crossbeam to drive the mold closing cover to slide up and down for mold closing or mold lifting and drive the upper forming punch to slide up and down to stamp and form the forging. The side driving mechanism includes supports respectively arranged on both sides of the lower die holder. The supports are provided with installation channels for the upper columns to pass through. A side die driving cylinder is arranged on the side surface of the support. A side die driving piston is slidably arranged in the side die driving cylinder. A side die driving guide sleeve is arranged at the port of the side die driving cylinder. First oil channels for oil inlet and outlet are respectively arranged on the end face and the side wall of the side die driving cylinder. The support is provided with a driving groove for the free end of the side die driving piston to stretch. At least one driving rod for driving the side die to open and close is arranged on the side die driving piston. The support is provided with a driving channel for the driving rod to pass through. The free end of the driving rod is arranged on the side die. A first side forming driving device for driving the first side forming punch to act is arranged on the side die driving piston. A deformation prevention device is arranged between the supports to prevent the supports from deforming and breaking during the forging forming. An ejection device is arranged on the upper die holder to break the viscous force generated between the forging and the mold closing cover during forging and assist the mold closing cover to eject the mold.

2. The five-hundred-ton vertical four-column multi-functional hydraulic press according to claim 1, characterized in that: Below the lower die holder, there is a lower crossbeam. Lower columns are erected between the lower die holder and the lower crossbeam. The lower die holder is provided with a lower forming hole communicating with the forging cavity. A lower forming punch is slidably arranged up and down below the lower forming hole. A lower driving mechanism is arranged on the lower crossbeam to drive the lower forming punch to slide up and down to stamp and form the forging.

3. The five-hundred-ton vertical four-column multi-functional hydraulic press according to claim 1, wherein: A mold locking device is arranged on the lower die holder to lock the side die when the side die is closed to prevent the mold from exploding during the forging forming process.

4. The five-hundred-ton vertical four-column multi-functional hydraulic press according to claim 1, wherein: The first side forming driving device includes a piston cavity formed inside the side die driving piston. A side punch driving piston rod is arranged in the piston cavity. A side punch guiding sleeve is arranged at the orifice of the piston cavity. One end of the side die driving piston away from the side punch guiding sleeve is provided with a first oil guiding pipe communicated with the piston cavity. The free end of the first oil guiding pipe can slidably penetrate through the end face of the side die driving cylinder barrel. A second oil passage communicated with the piston cavity is arranged on the side wall of the side die driving piston. The first side forming punch is detachably arranged on the side punch driving piston rod.

5. The five-hundred-ton vertical four-column multi-functional hydraulic press according to claim 1, wherein: The anti-deformation device includes two tie rods for restricting the deformation of the two supports in the direction away from each other. The two ends of each tie rod are respectively fixedly penetrated through the support and the side die driving cylinder barrel. A sleeve for restricting the deformation of the two supports in the direction close to each other is sleeved on the tie rod located between the two supports.

6. The five-hundred-ton vertical four-column multi-functional hydraulic press according to claim 5, wherein: The sleeve is a semi-circular sleeve, and the semi-circular sleeve is arranged outside the tie rod.

7. The five-hundred-ton vertical four-column multi-functional hydraulic press according to claim 2, characterized in that: On both sides of the two side dies, the lower die base is respectively provided with first side forming punches moving in the same direction as the side dies. Second supports are respectively slidably arranged up and down between both sides of the support. Second side forming punches for forming holes on the side wall of the forging are arranged on the second supports. At least one of the side die, the die closing cover, and the die opening and closing positioning sleeve is provided with a second hole forming channel communicated with the forging cavity for the first side forming punch to extend into. A second side forming driving device for driving the second side forming punch to act is arranged on the second support.

8. The five-hundred-ton vertical four-column multi-functional hydraulic press according to claim 7, wherein: A sliding hydraulic cylinder for driving the second support to slide up and down is arranged on the lower cross beam. The cylinder body of the sliding hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged on the lower cross beam. The free end of the piston rod of the sliding hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the second support. A guiding device for enabling the second support to slide vertically up and down is arranged on the support.

9. The five-hundred-ton vertical four-column multi-functional hydraulic press according to claim 8, wherein: The guiding device includes guiding chutes respectively formed on the two supports. Both sides of the second support are slidably arranged in the guiding chutes.

10. The 500-ton vertical four-column multi-functional hydraulic press according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second side forming driving device includes a second side forming hydraulic cylinder. The cylinder body of the second side forming hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged on the second support. The second side forming punch is detachably arranged on the piston rod of the second side forming hydraulic cylinder.

11. The five-hundred-ton vertical four-column multi-functional hydraulic press according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The upper driving mechanism includes a die closing hydraulic cylinder. The cylinder body of the die closing hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the upper cross beam. An installation plate is arranged on the piston rod of the die closing hydraulic cylinder. A support column is arranged between the installation plate and the upper die base. Both ends of the support column are respectively fixedly arranged on the installation plate and the upper cross beam. An upper forming device for driving the upper forming punch to slide up and down to stamp and form the forging is arranged on the installation plate.

12. The 500-ton vertical four-column multi-functional hydraulic press according to claim 11, characterized in that: The upper forming device includes an upper hydraulic cylinder. The cylinder body of the upper hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the installation plate. The upper forming punch is detachably arranged on the piston rod of the upper hydraulic cylinder.

13. The 500-ton vertical four-column multi-functional hydraulic press according to claim 2, wherein: The lower driving mechanism includes a lower hydraulic cylinder. The cylinder body of the lower hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the lower cross beam. The lower forming punch is detachably arranged on the piston rod of the lower hydraulic cylinder.

14. The 500-ton vertical four-column multi-functional hydraulic press according to claim 1, wherein: The mold lifting device includes mold lifting hydraulic cylinders symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mold closing cover. An installation groove is formed upward on the lower end surface of the upper mold base. The cylinder body of the mold lifting hydraulic cylinder is arranged in the installation groove. A second oil guide pipe is arranged at the upper end of the mold lifting hydraulic cylinder. An oil guide through hole for the second oil guide pipe to pass through is formed at the bottom of the installation groove. External threads are arranged on the outer wall of the second oil guide pipe, and a fastening nut is threadedly connected to the external threads. The outer diameter of the fastening nut is larger than the inner diameter of the oil guide through hole. A third oil passage communicating with the hydraulic chamber of the mold lifting hydraulic cylinder is formed in the guide sleeve of the mold lifting hydraulic cylinder.

15. The five-hundred-ton vertical four-column multi-functional hydraulic press according to claim 3, wherein: The mold locking device includes mold locking hydraulic cylinders respectively arranged on the side edges of the two side molds. The cylinder body of the mold locking hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the lower mold base. A mold locking channel for the piston rod of the mold locking hydraulic cylinder to pass through is formed on the lower mold base. A mold locking hole for the piston rod of the mold locking hydraulic cylinder to extend into is formed at the lower end of the side mold.

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