Small hydroelectric power generation device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a small hydroelectric power generation device, comprising: a first water conduit located on the upstream side; a second water conduit located on the downstream side; a water turbine located at the most downstream of these water conduits and having a rotation axis in a direction orthogonal to the water flow; a lateral movement device capable of moving the second water conduit in an upstream direction or a downstream direction; and a longitudinal movement device capable of moving the water turbine in a vertical direction, so that efficient power generation can be performed according to the amount of water in the water conduit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a small hydroelectric power generation device. Background Art

[0002] In the past, small hydroelectric power generation using water flow in waterways installed in farmland areas has been widely carried out. However, since the amount of water flowing in the waterway where the small hydroelectric power generation device is installed greatly increases or decreases depending on the time and location such as the non-irrigation period, irrigation period, and land preparation period, it is difficult to maintain the most appropriate power generation efficiency. Therefore, a small hydroelectric power generation device that can cope with the increase or decrease of the amount of water in the waterway has been proposed.

[0003] As a prior art related to such a small hydroelectric power generation device, Patent Document 1 proposes a structure having a turbine (turbine device), a lifting device, and a flow control device, wherein the water level is adjusted by the flow control device, and the turbine is moved up and down to enable efficient power generation in accordance with the water level. In addition, Patent Document 2 proposes a structure having a turbine (turbine device) and a water level adjustment gate, wherein the angle at which the water flow hits the turbine is adjusted by rotating the water level adjustment gate.

[0004] Prior art literature

[0005] Patent Literature

[0006] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent No. 6168902

[0007] Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent No. 6282236 Summary of the invention

[0008] Technical problem to be solved by the invention

[0009] It is known that in an open waterway, the flow velocity near the bottom is low, and the flow velocity near the water surface is high. Therefore, in order to perform efficient small hydroelectric power generation in an open waterway, it is important to utilize the water flow near the water surface. However, the small hydroelectric power generation device of Patent Document 1 does not utilize the water flow near the water surface, and the flow velocity of the water guided to the turbine by the flow regulating device becomes weak, so it is difficult to say that the flow velocity in the waterway is effectively utilized. In addition, although the small hydroelectric power generation device of Patent Document 2 utilizes the water flow near the water surface with a high flow velocity, the flow velocity of the water guided to the turbine by the water level regulating gate becomes weak, so it is difficult to say that the flow velocity in the waterway is effectively utilized for Patent Document 2.

[0010] The small hydroelectric power generation devices of Patent Documents 1 and 2 are configured to change the angle of the water flow guided by the turbine by adjusting the position of the turbine and the flow control device or the water level control gate. However, since Patent Documents 1 and 2 cannot adjust the positional relationship between the water flow guided to the turbine and the horizontal direction of the turbine, the water flow may collide with the vicinity of the center of the turbine and the flow velocity cannot be effectively utilized. In addition, the small hydroelectric power generation devices of Patent Documents 1 and 2 utilize the full flow of the water flow in the waterway, and it is difficult to release dust and ensure fish passages during operation.

[0011] The small hydroelectric power generation device of the present invention is completed to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. It utilizes the water flow near the water surface with a high flow rate and adjusts the angle at which the water flow collides with the turbine at the same time, so as to perform efficient power generation corresponding to the amount of water in the waterway without weakening the flow rate of the water guided to the turbine.

[0012] Means for solving technical problems

[0013] The small hydroelectric power generation device of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises: a first water conduit located on the upstream side; a second water conduit located on the downstream side; a turbine located at the most downstream of these water conduits and having a rotating axis in a direction orthogonal to the water flow; a lateral moving device capable of moving the second water conduit in an upstream direction or a downstream direction; and a longitudinal moving device capable of moving the turbine in a vertical direction. The second water conduit releases water flow to the turbine, and the lateral moving device moves the second water conduit, thereby enabling the second water conduit and the turbine to move away from or closer to each other in the horizontal direction.

[0014] In the small hydroelectric power generation device of the present invention, it is preferred that the second water conduit, the water turbine, the lateral movement device and the longitudinal movement device are formed as one body, and the base of these integrated parts can be set on the ground.

[0015] Effects of the Invention

[0016] The small hydroelectric power generation device of the present invention can move the second water channel and the turbine respectively through the horizontal moving device and the vertical moving device, so that the water flow near the water surface with a large flow rate can be used to adjust the angle at which the water flow collides with the turbine at the same time, thereby performing efficient power generation corresponding to the amount of water in the water channel without reducing the flow rate of the water guided to the turbine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a side view showing an example of a small hydroelectric power generation device according to the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a front view showing the small hydroelectric power generation device of this example.

[0019] Figure 3It is a side view showing the second water conduit and the lateral movement device in the small hydroelectric power generation device of this example.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a side view showing a water turbine and a longitudinal moving device in the small hydroelectric power generation device of this example.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the second conduit in the small hydroelectric power generation device of this example is moved in the upstream direction.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the second conduit in the small hydroelectric power generation device of this example is moved in the downstream direction.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the water turbine in the small hydroelectric power generation device of this example is moved upward.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the water turbine in the small hydroelectric power generation device of this example is moved downward. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] A mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Hereinafter, the small hydroelectric power generation device of the present invention will be described by taking the structure of the small hydroelectric power generation device and the state of the small hydroelectric power generation device as an example.

[0026] 1. Structure of small hydroelectric power generation device

[0027] The structure of the small hydroelectric power generation device of the present invention will be described. Figure 1 This is a side view showing an example of a small hydroelectric power generation device according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a front view showing the small hydroelectric power generation device of this example. Figure 3 It is a side view showing the second water conduit and the lateral movement device in the small hydroelectric power generation device of this example. Figure 4 This is a side view showing a water turbine and a longitudinal moving device in the small hydroelectric power generation device of this example.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the small hydroelectric power generation device of this example is constructed as follows, comprising: a first water conduit 20 located on the upstream side; a second water conduit 30 located on the downstream side; a turbine 40 located at the most downstream of these continuous water conduits and having a rotating axis in a direction orthogonal to the water flow; a lateral moving device 50 that can move the second water conduit 30 in the upstream direction or the downstream direction; and a longitudinal moving device 60 that can move the turbine 40 in the vertical direction. The first water conduit 20 guides the water flow to the second water conduit 30, and the second water conduit 30 guides the water flow to the turbine 40.

[0029] If structures such as dams and gates are provided in the waterway, the water flow in the waterway will be hindered by them, but in the small hydroelectric power generation device of this example, a configuration is formed in which these structures are not provided in the first water conduit 20 and the second water conduit 30. As a result, the water flow can be guided to the turbine 40 without reducing the flow velocity in the first water conduit 20 and the second water conduit 30. In addition, the water flow guided from the first water conduit 20 and the second water conduit 30 to the turbine 40 for power generation is the water flow 81 near the water surface with a large flow velocity, so that efficient power generation can be performed using the flow velocity.

[0030] In the small hydroelectric power generation device of this example, the water flow 81 near the water surface of the second water conduit 30 collides with the turbine 40 after being released from the second water conduit 30 and is used for power generation, but the water flow 82 near the bottom surface does not collide with the turbine 40 after being released from the second water conduit 30, but flows to the bottom of the turbine. In this way, the small hydroelectric power generation device of this example uses a part of the flow in the water channel instead of the full flow, so that even when the small hydroelectric power generation device is running, dust can be released and fish passages can be ensured. In addition, in the small hydroelectric power generation device of this example, the water flow 82 near the bottom surface of the second water conduit 30 is not used for power generation, but in the small hydroelectric power generation device of the present invention, the water flow near the bottom surface can be used for power generation, or the full flow in the water channel can be used for power generation according to the installation state and power generation environment.

[0031] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in the small hydroelectric power generation device of this example, the second water conduit 30 and the lateral moving device 50 are fixed to the wheel 31 and the track 51 described later, the rack 32 and the pinion 54 described later, and the turbine 40 and the longitudinal moving device 60 are fixed to the center 41 and the lifting part 63 of the turbine 40 described later. In addition, the lateral moving device 50 and the longitudinal moving device 60 are formed into a structure in which the frame having the track 51 of the lateral moving device 50 and the support of the longitudinal moving device 60 are connected by a supporting member. In this way, the second water conduit 30, the turbine 40, the lateral moving device 50 and the longitudinal moving device 60 are formed as a whole, and the base 70 formed as a whole is set on the ground 71.

[0032] Since the base 70 is arranged on the ground 71 outside the waterway 10, it is easy to arrange the small hydroelectric power generation device of the present invention in the waterway even when it is difficult to construct the inside of the waterway. In addition, by applying the present invention, the cost of introducing the small hydroelectric power generation device can be saved.

[0033] In the small hydroelectric power generation device of this example, the first water conduit 20 is formed by setting a bottom 21 on the bottom surface of the water conduit 10, and the second water conduit 30 is a structure arranged on the inner side of the water conduit 10. However, the small hydroelectric power generation device of the present invention is not limited to the structure of this example. The first water conduit 20 can also be separated from the water conduit 10. In addition, the second water conduit 30 may not be arranged on the inner side of the water conduit 10.

[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, in the small hydroelectric power generation device of this example, the second water conduit 30 includes a wheel 31 , a rack 32 and a connection portion 33 , and the lateral movement device 50 includes a rail 51 , a handle 52 , a shaft rod 53 and a pinion 54 .

[0035] The wheel 31 is rotatably arranged on the track 51, and the second water conduit 30 and the lateral movement device 50 are fixed by meshing the rack 32 and the pinion 54. By rotating the handle 52, the rotational force is transmitted from the shaft rod 53 to the pinion 54, and the pinion 54 and the rack 32 function as a rack-and-pinion mechanism. Thus, the lateral movement device 50 can move the second water conduit 30 in the upstream direction or the downstream direction. In addition, the second water conduit 30 is easy to guide water from the first water conduit 20 to the second water conduit 30 by arranging the connecting portion 33 on the inner side of the first water conduit 20.

[0036] In the small hydroelectric power generation device of this example, the lateral moving device 50 is configured to enable the second water conduit 30 to move in the upstream direction or the downstream direction through a gear rack mechanism. However, in the small hydroelectric power generation device of the present invention, it is not limited to the configuration of this example. The lateral moving device 50 can also be a configuration such as a crank mechanism that converts the rotational motion of the handle 52 into the reciprocating motion of the second water conduit 30, thereby enabling the second water conduit 30 to move in the upstream direction or the downstream direction.

[0037] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, in the small hydroelectric power generation device of this example, the turbine 40 includes a core portion 41 and blades 42 , and the longitudinal moving device 60 includes a motor 61 , a suspension portion 62 , a lifting portion 63 , a counterweight 64 , a chain 65 and a generator 66 .

[0038] The water turbine 40 and the longitudinal moving device 60 are fixed in the center part 41 and the lifting part 63 composed of the rotating shaft and the bearing. By rotating the motor 61, the lifting part 63 suspended by the suspension part 62 can be moved in the vertical direction, thereby, the longitudinal moving device 60 can move the water turbine 40 in the vertical direction. In addition, since the longitudinal moving device 60 has a counterweight 64, the suspension part 62 can stably hang the lifting part 63 and the water turbine 40. The water turbine 40 is rotated by the collision of the water flow and the blades 42, and the rotational force of the water turbine 40 is transmitted to the generator 66 by the chain 65, so that the small hydroelectric power generation device of this example can generate electricity.

[0039] In the small hydroelectric power generation device of this example, the lateral moving device 50 and the longitudinal moving device 60 are configured to work independently of each other, but in the small hydroelectric power generation device of the present invention, the lateral moving device 50 and the longitudinal moving device 60 can also be configured to be linked. In addition, the lateral moving device 50 and the longitudinal moving device 60 can also be automatically operated according to the water volume and flow rate in the water channel, thereby moving the second water conduit 30 and the turbine 40.

[0040] 2. Status of small hydroelectric power generation equipment

[0041] The state of the small hydroelectric power generation device of the present invention will be described. Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the second conduit in the small hydroelectric power generation device of this example is moved in the upstream direction. Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the second conduit in the small hydroelectric power generation device of this example is moved in the downstream direction. Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the water turbine in the small hydroelectric power generation device of this example is moved upward. Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the water turbine in the small hydroelectric power generation device of this example is moved downward.

[0042] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in the small hydroelectric power generation device of this example, the second water conduit 30 can be moved in the upstream direction or the downstream direction by the lateral moving device 50. By moving the second water conduit 30 in the upstream direction (rising), the second water conduit 30 and the water turbine 40 can be separated in the horizontal direction, so that even if the amount of water flowing in the water channel increases, the angle at which the water flow 80 hits the blades 42 of the water turbine 40 can be adjusted, and the power generation efficiency can be improved. In addition, by moving the second water conduit 30 in the downstream direction (descending), the second water conduit 30 and the water turbine 40 can be brought close to each other in the horizontal direction, so even if the amount of water flowing in the water channel decreases, the angle at which the water flow 80 hits the blades 42 of the water turbine 40 can be adjusted, and the power generation efficiency can be improved.

[0043] In a small hydroelectric power generation device, if the water flow collides with the vicinity of the center of the water wheel, the rotational force becomes weak and the power generation efficiency becomes low. In the small hydroelectric power generation device of this example, by moving the second water conduit 30 in the upstream direction or the downstream direction, not only the angle at which the water flow 80 collides with the blades 42 of the turbine 40 can be adjusted, but also the horizontal positional relationship between the water flow 80 and the turbine 40 can be adjusted, so that the water flow 80 will not collide with the vicinity of the center portion 41 of the turbine 40, and power generation can be performed by effectively utilizing the flow velocity.

[0044] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, in the small hydroelectric power generation device of this example, the turbine 40 can be moved in the vertical direction by the longitudinal moving device 60. By moving the turbine 40 upward (rising), the second water conduit 30 and the turbine 40 can be separated in the vertical direction, so even if the amount of water flowing in the water channel increases, the angle at which the water flow 80 hits the blades 42 of the turbine 40 can be adjusted, and the power generation efficiency can be improved. In addition, by moving the turbine 40 downward (descending), the second water conduit 30 and the turbine 40 can be brought close to each other in the vertical direction, so even if the amount of water flowing in the water channel decreases, the angle at which the water flow 80 hits the blades 42 of the turbine 40 can be adjusted, and the power generation efficiency can be improved.

[0045] If the amount of water flowing in the water channel increases and the water level in the water channel rises, the blades 42 of the water turbine 40 may contact the water surface, and the power generation efficiency may decrease. In such a case, by moving the water turbine 40 upward using the longitudinal moving device 60, it becomes possible to generate electricity without the blades 42 contacting the water surface.

[0046] exist Figures 5 to 8 , only one of the second water conduit 30 or the water turbine 40 is moved, but in the small hydroelectric power generation device of this example, by moving both the second water conduit 30 and the water turbine 40, the power generation efficiency can be further improved. With respect to the horizontal positional relationship, if the distance between the second water conduit 30 and the water turbine 40 is set to the same level as the water level in the second water conduit by using the lateral moving device 50, a higher power generation efficiency can be obtained.

[0047] Generally, when a small hydroelectric power generation device is introduced into a waterway such as a waterway, it is necessary to design a water turbine with a strength that matches the maximum flow rate in the waterway. On the other hand, in the small hydroelectric power generation device of this example, the second water conduit 30 and the water turbine 40 can be moved according to the increase or decrease of the water volume in the waterway, and the second water conduit 30 can be moved to the upstream side or the water turbine 40 can be moved in the upward direction at a time or place with a large amount of water, so that the flow rate that collides with the water turbine 40 can be adjusted. Therefore, the small hydroelectric power generation device of this example does not need to separately design a water turbine that matches the maximum flow rate in the waterway, and can be widely introduced and used in waterways in various environments.

[0048] Description of Reference Numerals

[0049] 10 Waterway

[0050] 20 First waterway

[0051] 21 Bottom

[0052] 30 Second waterway

[0053] 31 Wheels

[0054] 32 Rack

[0055] 33 Connection

[0056] 40 Turbine

[0057] 41 Center

[0058] 42 blades

[0059] 50 Horizontal movement device

[0060] 51 Guide Rail

[0061] 52 Handle

[0062] 53 Shaft rod

[0063] 54 Small gear

[0064] 60 Vertical moving device

[0065] 61 Electric Motor

[0066] 62 Suspension

[0067] 63 Lifting Department

[0068] 64 Counterweight

[0069] 65 Chain

[0070] 66 Generator

[0071] 70 base

[0072] 71 Ground

[0073] 80 Water Flow

[0074] 81 Water flow near the water surface

[0075] 82 Water flow near the bottom.

Claims

1. A small hydroelectric power generation device, characterized in that: have: The first water conduit is located on the upstream side; A second water conduit, located on the downstream side; a water turbine located most downstream of the water conduits and having an axis of rotation in a direction orthogonal to the water flow; A lateral movement device capable of moving the second water conduit in an upstream direction or a downstream direction; A longitudinal moving device is capable of moving the turbine in a vertical direction. The second water conduit releases water flow to the water turbine, The lateral movement device can move the second water conduit in the horizontal direction so as to move the second water conduit and the water turbine away from or closer to each other in the horizontal direction. By moving the second water conduit in the upstream direction or the downstream direction, the positional relationship between the water flow in the horizontal direction and the water turbine is adjusted, thereby changing the angle at which the water flow hits the blades of the water turbine.

2. The small hydroelectric power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second water conduit, the water turbine, the lateral moving device and the longitudinal moving device are formed as one body, and the bases of these parts formed as one body can be set on the ground.

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