A shield tunnel segment displacement monitoring method and device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a shield tunnel segment displacement monitoring method and device, aiming to reduce monitoring costs and improve monitoring efficiency. To this end, an embodiment of the present invention provides a shield tunnel segment displacement monitoring device, comprising a moving trolley installed on a track at the bottom of the shield tunnel, a laser rangefinder arranged on the moving trolley, and a reflective sheet installed on a monitoring point segment on the shield tunnel wall, wherein the moving trolley can move along the track, and the moving trolley is also provided with a driving mechanism for driving the laser rangefinder to rotate along the circumferential direction of the shield tunnel and an angle measuring mechanism for measuring the rotation angle of the laser rangefinder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering, and in particular relates to a method and equipment for monitoring the displacement of shield tunnel segments. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel engineering can be divided into three categories according to its location: mountain tunnels, underwater tunnels and urban tunnels. Among them, shield tunneling is increasingly used in urban tunnels. During the construction of shield tunnels, in order to ensure the safety of construction, the displacement of shield tunnel segments is one of the issues that need to be focused on. Shield tunnel segment displacement monitoring is divided into two categories: contact measurement and non-contact measurement. When using contact measurement, it is difficult to erect a level rod and hang a steel ruler in the tunnel, and the illumination in the tunnel is weak, which is inconvenient to operate. When using non-contact measurement, the measurement range of total stations and levels is limited, and the manual workload is large, time-consuming, and inefficient. In addition, total stations, levels, etc. are expensive, and the measurement cost is high. Summary of the invention

[0003] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a shield tunnel segment displacement monitoring method and equipment, aiming to reduce monitoring costs and improve monitoring efficiency.

[0004] To this end, an embodiment of the present invention provides a shield tunnel segment displacement monitoring device, comprising a mobile trolley installed on a track at the bottom of the shield tunnel, a laser rangefinder arranged on the mobile trolley, and a reflective sheet installed on the segment at the monitoring point on the wall of the shield tunnel. The mobile trolley can move along the track. The mobile trolley is also provided with a driving mechanism for driving the laser rangefinder to rotate along the circumferential direction of the shield tunnel and an angle measuring mechanism for measuring the rotation angle of the laser rangefinder.

[0005] Specifically, the driving mechanism includes a horizontally arranged rotating shaft and a motor driving the rotating shaft to rotate.

[0006] Specifically, the angle measuring mechanism includes an angle sensor installed on the rotating shaft.

[0007] Specifically, the rotating shaft is also provided with an angle scale.

[0008] Specifically, the mobile vehicle is also provided with a data storage device, the laser rangefinder and the angle measuring mechanism are both electrically connected to the data storage device, and the data storage device is wirelessly connected to a computer.

[0009] Specifically, the bottom of the mobile trolley is provided with rollers that cooperate with the track.

[0010] Specifically, the mobile cart is also provided with a push handle.

[0011] Specifically, a plurality of reflective sheets are arranged along the axial direction of the shield tunnel.

[0012] Another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a shield tunnel segment displacement monitoring method, which uses the above-mentioned shield tunnel segment displacement monitoring device to perform measurement, and includes the following steps:

[0013] Step 1: Install the reflective sheet on the pipe segment at the point to be monitored;

[0014] Step 2: The mobile vehicle is driven to the section to be monitored, and the driving mechanism drives the laser rangefinder to rotate in the section to be monitored so that the emitted laser is aligned with the center of the reflective sheet; at the same time, the angle measuring mechanism measures the rotation angle of the laser rangefinder;

[0015] Step 3: Use the distance d measured by the laser rangefinder and the rotation angle θ measured by the angle measuring mechanism to calculate the coordinates of the monitoring point relative to the mobile vehicle. The difference between the coordinates measured twice at different times is the displacement value of the segment at the monitoring point. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0016]

[0017] Among them, Δx is the horizontal displacement value of the monitoring point, Δy is the vertical displacement value of the monitoring point, d1 is the distance measured by the laser rangefinder for the first time, d2 is the distance measured by the laser rangefinder for the second time, θ1 is the rotation angle measured by the angle measurement mechanism for the first time, and θ2 is the rotation angle measured by the angle measurement mechanism for the second time.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, at least one embodiment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: when it is necessary to monitor the displacement of the pipe segment, it is only necessary to install a reflective sheet on the pipe segment at the monitoring point, move the mobile cart to the section to be monitored, rotate the laser rangefinder so that the emitted laser is aligned with the center of the reflective sheet, and use the measurement data of the laser rangefinder and the angle measuring mechanism to obtain the displacement value of the pipe segment at the monitoring point. The entire monitoring equipment is not only simple in structure, but also greatly reduces the workload of tunnel monitoring personnel, and has the advantages of high monitoring efficiency and suitability for long-term observation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a shield tunnel segment displacement monitoring device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a measurement principle diagram of a shield tunnel segment displacement monitoring device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Among them: 1. Shield tunnel; 2. Track; 3. Mobile trolley; 4. Laser rangefinder; 5. Reflector; 6. Driving mechanism; 601. Rotating shaft; 602. Motor; 7. Angle measuring mechanism; 8. Data storage instrument; 9. Roller; 10. Pusher. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0025] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0026] See also Figure 1 A shield tunnel segment displacement monitoring device comprises a moving trolley 3 installed on a track 2 laid at the bottom of a shield tunnel 1, a laser rangefinder 4 arranged on the moving trolley 3, and a reflective sheet 5 installed on a segment at a monitoring point on the wall of the shield tunnel 1. The moving trolley 3 can move along the track 2. The moving trolley 3 is also provided with a driving mechanism 6 for driving the laser rangefinder 4 to rotate along the circumferential direction of the shield tunnel 1, and an angle measuring mechanism 7 for measuring the rotation angle of the laser rangefinder 4.

[0027] In this embodiment, when it is necessary to monitor the displacement of the pipe segment, it is only necessary to install a reflective sheet 5 on the pipe segment at the monitoring point, move the mobile trolley 3 to the section to be monitored, rotate the laser rangefinder 4 so that the emitted laser is aligned with the center of the reflective sheet 5, and then use the measurement data of the laser rangefinder 4 and the angle measuring mechanism 7 to obtain the displacement value of the pipe segment at the monitoring point. The entire monitoring equipment is not only simple in structure, but also greatly reduces the workload of tunnel monitoring personnel, and has the advantages of high monitoring efficiency and suitability for long-term observation.

[0028] See also Figure 1 In some embodiments, the driving mechanism 6 includes a horizontally arranged rotating shaft 601 and a motor 602 for driving the rotating shaft 601 to rotate. A control button for controlling the start and stop of the motor 602 is also provided on the mobile vehicle 3. The angle measuring mechanism 7 includes an angle sensor installed on the rotating shaft 601. By measuring the angle of each rotation of the rotating shaft 601 through the angle sensor, the rotation angle of the laser rangefinder 4 can be indirectly measured. As for the specific structure of the angle sensor, it is all prior art and will not be described here. Of course, the rotation of the rotating shaft 601 can also be driven directly by manual rotation. In addition, an angle scale can be added to the rotating shaft 601 to measure the rotation angle of the rotating shaft 601 through the angle scale.

[0029] See also Figure 1 In other embodiments, the mobile car 3 is also provided with a data storage device 8, the laser rangefinder 4 and the angle measuring mechanism 7 are electrically connected to the data storage device 8 through a data transmission line, the data storage device 8 is wirelessly connected to the computer, the distance d measured by the laser rangefinder 4 and the rotation angle θ measured by the angle measuring mechanism 7 are stored by the data storage device 8, and transmitted to the computer through the built-in wireless transmission module of the device. Such a design enables the measured data to be transmitted to the computer for automatic processing in the first place, which greatly reduces the workload of tunnel monitoring personnel, and is more conducive to increasing the monitoring frequency and reducing labor costs.

[0030] See also Figure 1 In other embodiments, a roller 9 cooperating with the track 2 is provided at the bottom of the mobile trolley, and a push handle 10 is also provided on the mobile trolley 3. The push handle 10 can facilitate the movement of the trolley. A plurality of reflective sheets 5 are arranged along the axial direction of the shield tunnel 1. When it is necessary to monitor a pair of segments of the shield tunnel 1, it is only necessary to move the mobile trolley 3 to the section to be monitored of the corresponding segment, and align the laser rangefinder 4 with the reflective sheet 5 on the corresponding segment. The displacement monitoring of multiple segments in the entire shield tunnel 1 can be realized through a mobile trolley 3.

[0031] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 A shield tunnel segment displacement monitoring method is provided, which uses the above-mentioned shield tunnel segment displacement monitoring device to perform measurement, and comprises the following steps:

[0032] Step 1: Before starting monitoring, install the reflective sheet on the pipe segment at the point to be monitored;

[0033] Step 2: During monitoring, the mobile car is driven to the section to be monitored, and the driving mechanism drives the laser rangefinder to rotate in the section to be monitored so that the emitted laser is aligned with the center of the reflective sheet; at the same time, the angle measuring mechanism measures the rotation angle of the laser rangefinder;

[0034] Step 3: The distance d measured by the laser rangefinder and the rotation angle θ measured by the angle measuring mechanism are stored in the data storage instrument and transmitted to the computer through the built-in wireless transmission module of the instrument. The coordinates of the monitoring point relative to the mobile car can be calculated by trigonometric functions. The difference between the coordinates measured twice at different times is the displacement value of the pipe segment to be monitored. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0035]

[0036] Among them, Δx is the horizontal displacement value of the monitoring point, Δy is the vertical displacement value of the monitoring point, d1 is the distance measured by the laser rangefinder for the first time, d2 is the distance measured by the laser rangefinder for the second time, θ1 is the rotation angle measured by the angle measurement mechanism for the first time, and θ2 is the rotation angle measured by the angle measurement mechanism for the second time.

[0037] Unless otherwise stated, any technical solution disclosed in the present invention disclosed above, if it discloses a numerical range, then the disclosed numerical range is a preferred numerical range, and any technician in the field should understand that the preferred numerical range is only a numerical value with a more obvious technical effect or representative value among many implementable numerical values. Since there are too many numerical values ​​to be exhaustive, the present invention discloses some numerical values ​​to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and the numerical values ​​listed above should not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] At the same time, if the above-mentioned invention discloses or involves components or structural parts that are fixedly connected to each other, then, unless otherwise stated, the fixed connection can be understood as: a detachable fixed connection (for example, connected by bolts or screws), and can also be understood as: a non-detachable fixed connection (for example, riveting, welding). Of course, the mutual fixed connection can also be replaced by an integrated structure (for example, manufactured by one-piece molding using a casting process) (except when it is obviously impossible to use an one-piece molding process).

[0039] In addition, the terms used in any technical solution disclosed in the present invention to indicate positional relationships or shapes include states or shapes that are similar, similar or close to them unless otherwise stated. Any component provided by the present invention may be assembled from multiple separate components or may be a separate component manufactured by an integrated molding process.

[0040] The above embodiments are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring the displacement of shield tunnel segments, characterized in that: A shield tunnel segment displacement monitoring device is used for measurement. The shield tunnel segment displacement monitoring device comprises a moving trolley (3) installed on a track (2) at the bottom of a shield tunnel (1), a laser rangefinder (4) arranged on the moving trolley (3), and a reflective sheet (5) installed on a monitoring point segment on the wall of the shield tunnel (1). The moving trolley (3) can move along the track (2). The moving trolley (3) is also provided with a driving mechanism (6) for driving the laser rangefinder (4) to rotate along the circumferential direction of the shield tunnel (1) and an angle measuring mechanism (7) for measuring the rotation angle of the laser rangefinder (4). The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Install the reflective sheet on the pipe segment at the point to be monitored; Step 2: The mobile vehicle is driven to the section to be monitored, and the driving mechanism drives the laser rangefinder to rotate in the section to be monitored so that the emitted laser is aligned with the center of the reflective sheet; at the same time, the angle measuring mechanism measures the rotation angle of the laser rangefinder; Step 3: Use the distance d measured by the laser rangefinder and the rotation angle θ measured by the angle measuring mechanism to calculate the coordinates of the monitoring point relative to the mobile vehicle. The difference between the coordinates measured twice at different times is the displacement value of the segment at the monitoring point. The calculation formula is as follows: Among them, Δx is the horizontal displacement value of the monitoring point, Δy is the vertical displacement value of the monitoring point, d1 is the distance measured by the laser rangefinder for the first time, d2 is the distance measured by the laser rangefinder for the second time, θ1 is the rotation angle measured by the angle measurement mechanism for the first time, and θ2 is the rotation angle measured by the angle measurement mechanism for the second time.

2. The shield tunnel segment displacement monitoring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The driving mechanism (6) comprises a horizontally arranged rotating shaft (601) and a motor (602) for driving the rotating shaft (601) to rotate.

3. The shield tunnel segment displacement monitoring method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The angle measuring mechanism (7) comprises an angle sensor mounted on the rotating shaft (601).

4. The shield tunnel segment displacement monitoring method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The rotating shaft (601) is also provided with an angle scale.

5. The method for monitoring the displacement of shield tunnel segments according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The mobile vehicle (3) is also provided with a data storage device (8), the laser rangefinder (4) and the angle measuring mechanism (7) are both electrically connected to the data storage device (8), and the data storage device (8) is wirelessly connected to a computer.

6. The method for monitoring the displacement of shield tunnel segments according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the mobile trolley is provided with a roller (9) which cooperates with the track (2).

7. The method for monitoring the displacement of shield tunnel segments according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The movable trolley (3) is also provided with a push handle (10).

8. The method for monitoring the displacement of shield tunnel segments according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A plurality of the reflective sheets (5) are arranged along the axial direction of the shield tunnel (1).

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