A multifunctional vehicle-mounted power supply controller

Abstract

This invention discloses a multi-functional vehicle-mounted power controller, including an AC / DC conversion circuit, a DC1 / DC1 conversion circuit, a DC2 / DC2 conversion circuit, and a microcomputer control circuit. The input source is adaptable to both AC and DC inputs, where the AC input can be an AC generator or the power grid; the DC input can be a DC generator or photovoltaic power generation. It can simultaneously charge two batteries and power a 125W radio and a laptop. Furthermore, the input terminal of this multi-functional vehicle-mounted power controller employs a power filtering circuit to meet electromagnetic compatibility requirements, ensuring the stability of the 125W radio's power supply and minimizing interference. Finally, the multi-functional vehicle-mounted power controller uses microcomputer control to shut down unnecessary power outputs, ensuring the power supply operates in a low-power state and improving its efficiency. The circuit structure is simple, and the operation is stable and reliable. The use of a cooling fan ensures good thermal conductivity, improving the environmental adaptability of the multi-functional vehicle-mounted power controller.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power controller technology, and more specifically, to a multifunctional vehicle power controller. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional vehicle-mounted radios use manual power control systems. While simple and reliable, this method is inconvenient and lacks flexibility. In particular, its power output performance is often poor, with drawbacks such as high output ripple and weak noise immunity, severely impacting the performance of the 125W radio. Furthermore, inadequate battery charging and discharging management shortens battery life. A multi-functional vehicle-mounted power controller is required to ensure stable and reliable power supply to all onboard equipment, preventing damage or malfunctions caused by power outages or drops. Therefore, higher performance requirements are placed on the vehicle-mounted power system. To ensure the stable and reliable operation of the 125W radio while it is in motion, the power system needs to automatically and quickly switch to new power supply methods to address potential problems, guaranteeing the safe and reliable operation of the 125W radio. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems in related technologies, this invention proposes a multi-functional vehicle-mounted power controller. This controller ensures that when a 125W radio experiences a power outage or power failure during vehicle operation, the multi-functional vehicle-mounted power supply can quickly detect the outage or power failure and promptly switch to the backup power supply mode, while ensuring that the operating performance of the 125W vehicle-mounted radio power system does not decline.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows:

[0005] A multifunctional vehicle power controller includes an AC / DC conversion circuit, a DC1 / DC1 conversion circuit, a DC2 / DC2 conversion circuit, and a microcomputer control circuit. In the AC / DC conversion circuit, pin 13 of the power module 2B1 input is connected to the AC input live wire (L), and pin 14 of the power module 2B1 input is connected to the AC input neutral wire (N). Pins 2, 18, 19, and 20 of the power module 2B1 output are connected to the positive terminals of filter electrolytic capacitors 2C8, 2C9, and 2C10. Pins 15, 16, 17, and 1 of the output are connected to the negative terminals of filter electrolytic capacitors 2C8, 2C9, and 2C10. Pin 4 of the output of the power module 2B1 is connected to voltage regulating resistors 2R3 and 2R4. Voltage regulating resistor 2R4 is connected to pin 3 of transistor 2V3. Resistor 2R4 is connected to resistor 2R11, filter capacitor 2C6, and resistor 2R12. Resistor 2R4 is interconnected with transistor 2V3, resistor 2R9, resistor 2R7, resistor 2R8, and resistor 2R10.

[0006] Furthermore, pin 8 of the power module 2B1 is connected to the cathode of LED 2V1, and the anode of LED 2V1 is connected to resistor 2R2. LED 2V1 serves as an indicator of the power module's operating status. Pin 9 of the power module 2B1 is connected to resistor 2R2. Transistors 2V2 and 2V5, resistors 2R5, 2R6, 2R13, and 2R14 of the power module 2B1 are interconnected with the module's power on / off signal D13. The chip 4N7B of the power module 2B1 and its connected resistor 4R1 are also connected. 5. Resistors 4R16, 4R17, 4R18, 4R19, 4R20, and 4R21 form a comparator with three adjustable reference voltage levels. In the AC / DC converter circuit, capacitor 4C19 serves as a filter and capacitor 4C22 serves as a compensation function. In the AC / DC converter circuit, transistor 4V26, resistors 4R24 and 4R25 form the reference voltage adjustment control signal D10. In the AC / DC converter circuit, transistor 4V27, resistors 4R22 and 4R23 form the reference voltage adjustment control signal D11.

[0007] Furthermore, in the DC1 / DC1 converter circuit, pin 3 of the power module 5B1 input is connected to pin 2 of inductor 5L1, the upper end of capacitor 5C1, and the positive terminal of electrolytic capacitor 5C2. Pin 1 of inductor 5L1 in the DC1 / DC1 converter circuit is connected to pin 1 of connector 2XS1. Pin 2 of the power module 5B1 input is connected to the right end of resistor 5R4. The left end of resistor 5R4, the negative terminal of electrolytic capacitor 5C2, and the lower end of capacitor 5C1 in the DC1 / DC1 converter circuit are all connected to pin 1 of the power module 5B1 input and connected to ground. Pin 4 of the power module 5B1 output... The right end of resistor 5R6, the upper end of capacitor 5C4, the positive terminal of electrolytic capacitor 5C5, and pin 1 of inductor 5L2 are connected. In the DC1 / DC1 converter circuit, pin 2 of inductor 5L2, the positive terminals of electrolytic capacitor 5C5 and 5C6, and the upper end of capacitor 5C7 are connected to pin 1 of connector 5XS1. Pin 6 of power module 5B1 is connected to the left end of resistor 5R6. Pins 7 and 8 of power module 5B1, the lower end of capacitor 5C4, the negative terminals of electrolytic capacitor 5C5 and 5C6, and the lower end of capacitor 5C7 are connected to pin 2 of connector 5XS1 and then to ground.

[0008] Furthermore, in the DC2 / DC2 converter circuit, pin 5 of the power module 4B4 input is connected to pin 2 of inductor 4L3, the upper end of capacitor 4C12, the positive terminal of electrolytic capacitor 4C13, the cathode of Zener diode 4V23, pin 1 of inductor 4L3, the upper end of capacitor 4C11 is connected to pin 1 of connector 1XS3, pin 2 of connector 1XS3, the lower end of capacitor 4C11, the lower end of capacitor 4C12, the negative terminal of electrolytic capacitor 4C13, the left end of resistor 5R5, pin 2 of transistor 4V24, and the lower end of capacitor 4C14. The terminal is connected to pin 1 of the power module 4B4 input. Pin 4 of the power module 4B4 input is connected to pin 3 of transistor 4V24 and the upper end of capacitor 4C14. Pin 1 of transistor 4V24 is connected to the right end of resistor 4R4 and the right end of resistor 4R5. The left end of resistor 4R4 is connected to the anode of Zener diode 4V23. Pins 6 and 7 of the power module 4B4 output are connected to the positive terminals of electrolytic capacitors 4C15 and 4C16, and the right end of resistor 4R6. Pins 9 and 10 of the power module 4B4 output are connected to electrolytic capacitors 4C15 and 4C16, and the right end of resistor 4R6. The negative terminal of capacitor C15 is connected to the negative terminal of electrolytic capacitor 4C16. Pin 8 of the power module 4B4 output is connected to the left end of resistor 4R6, and the upper end of resistor 4R12 is connected. In the constant current circuit, pin 1 of chip 4N7A controls the adjustable output voltage of the module. Pin 1 of chip 4N7A output is connected to the right end of resistor 4R11, the right end of capacitor 4C17, and the left end of resistor 4R13. Pin 3 of transistor 4V25 is connected to the lower end of voltage regulating resistor 4R12. Pin 1 of transistor 4V25 is connected to the right end of resistor 4R13, and the right end of resistor 4R14... The following terminals are connected: the right end of capacitor 4C18, pin 2 of transistor 4V25, the left end of resistor 4R14, and the left end of capacitor 4C18 are all connected to ground; pin 3 of chip 4N7A input is connected to the right end of resistor 4R7 and the right end of resistor 4R8; the current detection signal A3A is connected to the left end of resistor 4R7; the left end of resistor 4R8 is connected to ground; pin 2 of chip 4N7A input is connected to the right end of resistor 4R9, the right end of resistor 4R10, and the left end of resistor 4R11; the left end of capacitor 4C17 is connected to ground; and the left end of resistor 4R10 is connected to ground.

[0009] Furthermore, in the microcomputer control circuit, pins 1 and 2 of the control chip UC are directly connected to ground; pin 4 of the control chip UC is connected to the RX0 of the serial port; pin 6 of the control chip UC is connected to the TX0 of the serial port; pin 11 of the control chip UC is connected to the current sampling signal A0; the current sampling signal A0 is connected to the left end of resistor 1R10; pin 13 of the control chip UC is connected to the current sampling signal A1; the current sampling signal A1 is connected to the left end of resistor 1R9; the right ends of resistor 1R9 and resistor 1R10 are directly connected to ground; pin 12 of the control chip UC is connected to the reference voltage adjustment control signal D10; and pin 12 of the control chip UC is connected to the reference voltage adjustment control signal D11.

[0010] Furthermore, pin 15 of the control chip UC is connected to the 28VAC output voltage sampling signal of the ACDC converter; pin 17 of the control chip UC is connected to the right end of resistor 1R7 and the left end of resistor 1R8; the left end of resistor 1R7 is connected to the current sampling signal A3A; and the right end of resistor 1R8 is connected to ground. Pin 18 of the control chip UC is connected to the module power-on / off signal D13; pin 19 of the control chip UC is connected to the charging current sampling signal A4; pin 21 of the control chip UC is connected to the voltage sampling signal A5, which is connected to the 28VDC output of the DC2 / DC2 converter circuit; pin 23 of the control chip UC is connected to the voltage sampling signal A6, which is connected to the 24V output of the front panel; and pin 24 of the control chip UC is connected to the battery charging switch signal D16. Pin 25 of the control chip UC is connected to the battery charging voltage sampling signal A7; pin 26 of the control chip UC is connected to the LED control signal D17; pin 28 of the control chip UC is connected to the LED control signal D18; pin 30 of the control chip UC is connected to the LED control signal D19; pin 29 of the control chip UC is connected to the front panel 24V output signal D20; pins 31 and 32 of the control chip UC are both connected to the 3.3V positive power supply; pin 52 of the control chip UC is connected to the TDO of the emulator connector; pin 54 of the control chip UC is connected to the TD1 of the emulator connector; pin 56 of the control chip UC is connected to the TCK of the emulator connector; and pin 58 of the control chip UC is connected to the TMS of the emulator connector.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: (1) The operating mode of the power supply is determined by the input and output current, port voltage and key signals of the microcomputer sampling power supply system, and the operating mode is automatically switched by the program control and the operating status is indicated by the indicator light. This power supply system is convenient to use and simple to operate, and can adapt to the power supply requirements of multiple environments, namely AC / DC generator power generation, photovoltaic panel power generation, dual battery charging and discharging, and grid power supply.

[0012] (2) The constant current charging circuit for AC input battery uses comparator 4N7B and microcomputer control signal D10 and control signal D11, and has three voltage adjustment functions to realize constant current charging of AC input battery. The constant current charging circuit for DC input battery uses comparator 4N7S and current sampling signal A3A, and has two voltage adjustment functions to realize constant current charging of DC input battery.

[0013] (3) The overvoltage protection circuit of the DC-DC2 converter circuit is composed of Zener diode 4V23, resistor 4R4, resistor 4R5 and transistor 4V24. The components are inexpensive, the circuit works stably, the overvoltage protection function is reliable, and its structure is simple. The input and output of each converter circuit adopt filter circuits to ensure low output ripple and good electromagnetic compatibility. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front and rear panels of a multi-functional vehicle power controller according to the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 A power supply principle block diagram of a multifunctional vehicle power controller according to the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 This invention provides a schematic diagram of an AC-DC converter circuit and a DC1 / DC1 converter circuit for a multifunctional vehicle power controller.

[0018] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a DC2 / DC2 converter circuit for a multifunctional vehicle power controller according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of a microcomputer control circuit for a multifunctional vehicle power controller.

[0020] Figure 6 The present invention provides a microcomputer control program flowchart for a multifunctional vehicle power controller;

[0021] In the diagram: 1. AC charging input interface; 2. DC output circuit breaker; 3. DC input; 4. AC input circuit breaker; 5. Status indicator; 6. Lithium battery charging switch; 7. Lithium battery charging output interface; 8. 19V output interface; 9. 24V output interface; 10. Battery A interface; 11. Battery B interface; 12. 12V input interface; 13. Grounding post. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] like Figure 1As shown, a front panel and a rear panel of a multi-functional vehicle power controller according to an embodiment of the present invention are provided. The front panel includes an AC charging input interface 1. A DC output circuit breaker 2, a DC input circuit breaker 3 and an AC input circuit breaker 4 are provided on the right side of the AC charging input interface 1. A status indicator 5 is provided on the right side of the DC input circuit breaker 3. A lithium battery charging switch 6 and a lithium battery charging output interface 7 are provided on the right side of the status indicator 5.

[0024] The rear panel includes a 19V output interface 8, and to the right of the 19V output interface 8 are arranged a 24V output interface 9, a battery A interface 10, a battery B interface 11, a 12V input interface 12, and a grounding post 13.

[0025] The power supply block diagram of this scheme is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, when the AC input is 220V, it includes an AC input filter circuit and an AC-DC converter circuit. When the DC input is 12V, it includes a DC input filter circuit and a DC2-DC2 converter circuit. Finally, the outputs corresponding to the AC and DC inputs are used as the inputs of the DC1-DC1 converter circuit. The output of the DC1-DC1 converter circuit powers the vehicle-mounted laptop computer. The microcomputer control circuit realizes the sampling and program control functions.

[0026] In the ACDC conversion circuit, as follows Figure 3Pin 13 of the power module 2B1 input is connected to the AC input live wire (L), and pin 14 of the power module 2B1 input is connected to the AC input neutral wire (N). Pins 2, 18, 19, and 20 of the power module 2B1 output are connected to the positive terminals of filter electrolytic capacitors 2C8, 2C9, and 2C10. Pins 15, 16, 17, and 1 of the power module 2B1 output are connected to the negative terminals of filter electrolytic capacitors 2C8, 2C9, and 2C10. Pin 4 of the power module 2B1 output is connected to voltage regulating resistors 2R3 and 2R4. Voltage regulating resistor 2R4 is connected to pin 3 of transistor 2V3. Transistor 2V4, resistors 2R11 and 2R12 are interconnected in a circuit that enables voltage regulation by resistor 2R4. Capacitor 2C6 is used for filtering. Transistor 2V3, resistors 2R9, 2R7, 2R8, and 2R10 are connected in a circuit that enables voltage regulation by resistor 2R4. The interconnection circuit controls the voltage regulation function of the voltage regulating resistor 2R4; pin 8 of the power module 2B1 output is connected to the cathode of LED 2V1, and the anode of LED 2V1 is connected to resistor 2R2. LED 2V1 serves as an indicator of the power module's operating status. Pin 9 of the power module 2B1 output is connected to resistor 2R2; the interconnection circuit of transistors 2V2 and 2V5, resistors 2R5, 2R6, 2R13, 2R14, and module power-on / off signal D13 enables the power module 2B1 to power on / off; the chip 4N7B and the connected resistors 4R15, 4R16, 4R17, 4R18, 4R19, 4R20, and 4R21 form a comparator with three adjustable reference voltage levels; capacitor 4C19 serves as a filter, and capacitor 4C22 serves as a compensation function. Transistor 4V26, resistor 4R24, and resistor 4R25 form the reference voltage adjustment control signal D10; transistor 4V27, resistor 4R22, and resistor 4R23 form the reference voltage adjustment control signal D11.

[0027] In the DC2DC2 conversion circuit, such as Figure 4Pin 5 of the power module 4B4 input is connected to pin 2 of inductor 4L3, the upper end of capacitor 4C12, the positive terminal of electrolytic capacitor 4C13, the cathode of Zener diode 4V23, pin 1 of inductor 4L3, the upper end of capacitor 4C11 is connected to pin 1 of connector 1XS3, pin 2 of connector 1XS3, the lower end of capacitor 4C11, the lower end of capacitor 4C12, the negative terminal of electrolytic capacitor 4C13, the left end of resistor 5R5, pin 2 of transistor 4V24, and the lower end of capacitor 4C14 is connected to the power module 4B4 input. Pin 1 is connected to pin 4 of the power module 4B4 input, which is connected to pin 3 of the transistor 4V24. The upper end of capacitor 4C14 is connected to pin 1 of transistor 4V24, which is connected to the right end of resistor 4R4. The right end of resistor 4R5 is connected to pin 1 of resistor 4R4, which is connected to the anode of Zener diode 4V23. Pins 6 and 7 of the power module 4B4 output are connected to the positive terminals of electrolytic capacitors 4C15 and 4C16, respectively. The right end of resistor 4R6 is connected to pin 10 of the power module 4B4 output, which is connected to the negative terminal of electrolytic capacitor 4C15. The negative terminal of capacitor 4C16 is connected. Pin 8 of the power module 4B4 output is connected to the left end of resistor 4R6, and the upper end of resistor 4R12 is connected. In the constant current circuit, pin 1 of chip 4N7A controls the adjustable output voltage of the module. Pin 1 of chip 4N7A output is connected to the right end of resistor 4R11, the right end of capacitor 4C17, and the left end of resistor 4R13. Pin 3 of transistor 4V25 is connected to the lower end of voltage regulating resistor 4R12. Pin 1 of transistor 4V25 is connected to the right end of resistor 4R13, the right end of resistor 4R14, and capacitor... The right end of 4C18 is connected to pin 2 of transistor 4V25, the left end of resistor 4R14, and the left end of capacitor 4C18 are all connected to ground. Pin 3 of chip 4N7A input is connected to the right end of resistor 4R7 and the right end of resistor 4R8. Current detection signal A3A is connected to the left end of resistor 4R7, and the left end of resistor 4R8 is connected to ground. Pin 2 of chip 4N7A input is connected to the right end of resistor 4R9, the right end of resistor 4R10, and the left end of resistor 4R11. The left end of capacitor 4C17 is connected to ground, and the left end of resistor 4R10 is connected to ground.

[0028] In the DC1DC1 converter circuit, as shown in Figure 3Pin 3 of the power module 5B1 input is connected to pin 2 of inductor 5L1, the upper end of capacitor 5C1, and the positive terminal of electrolytic capacitor 5C2. Pin 1 of inductor 5L1 is connected to pin 1 of connector 2XS1. Pin 2 of the power module 5B1 input is connected to the right end of resistor 5R4. The left end of resistor 5R4, the negative terminal of electrolytic capacitor 5C2, and the lower end of capacitor 5C1 are all connected to pin 1 of the power module 5B1 input and then to ground. Pin 4 of the power module 5B1 output is connected to the right end of resistor 5R6, the upper end of capacitor 5C4, and the... Connect the positive terminal of electrolytic capacitor 5C5 to pin 1 of inductor 5L2. Connect pin 2 of inductor 5L2 to the positive terminal of electrolytic capacitor 5C5 and electrolytic capacitor 5C6. Connect the upper end of capacitor 5C7 to pin 1 of connector 5XS1. Connect pin 6 of power module 5B1 output to the left end of resistor 5R6. Connect pins 7 and 8 of power module 5B1 output to the lower end of capacitor 5C4. Connect the negative terminals of electrolytic capacitors 5C5 and 5C6. Connect the lower end of capacitor 5C7 to pin 2 of connector 5XS1 and then to ground.

[0029] The microcomputer control circuit is as follows Figure 5Pins 1 and 2 of the control chip UC are directly connected to ground. Pin 4 of the control chip UC is connected to the RX0 pin of the serial port. Pin 6 of the control chip UC is connected to the TX0 pin of the serial port. Pin 11 of the control chip UC is connected to the current sampling signal A0, which is connected to the left end of resistor 1R10. Pin 13 of the control chip UC is connected to the current sampling signal A1, which is connected to the left end of resistor 1R9. The right ends of resistor 1R9 and resistor 1R10 are directly connected to ground. Pin 12 of the control chip UC is connected to the reference voltage adjustment control signal D10. Pin 12 of the control chip UC is also connected to the reference voltage adjustment control signal D11. Pin 15 of the control chip UC is connected to the 28VAC AC / DC converter output voltage sampling signal. The connections are as follows: pin 17 of control chip UC is connected to the right end of resistor 1R7 and the left end of resistor 1R8. The left end of resistor 1R7 is connected to the current sampling signal A3A, and the right end of resistor 1R8 is connected to ground. Pin 18 of control chip UC is connected to the module power-on / off signal D13. Pin 19 of control chip UC is connected to the charging current sampling signal A4. Pin 21 of control chip UC is connected to the voltage sampling signal A5. Voltage sampling signal A5 is connected to the 28VDC output of the DC2 / DC2 converter circuit. Pin 23 of control chip UC is connected to the voltage sampling signal A6. Voltage sampling signal A6 is connected to the 24V output of the front panel. Pin 24 of control chip UC is connected to the battery charging switch signal D16. Pin 25 of control chip UC is connected to the battery charging voltage sampling signal A7. Pin 26 of the control chip UC is connected to the control LED signal D17; pin 28 of the control chip UC is connected to the control LED signal D18; pin 30 of the control chip UC is connected to the control LED signal D19; pin 29 of the control chip UC is connected to the control front panel 24V output signal D20; pins 31 and 32 of the control chip UC are both connected to the 3.3V positive power supply; pin 52 of the control chip UC is connected to the TDO of the emulator connector; pin 54 of the control chip UC is connected to the TD1 of the emulator connector; pin 56 of the control chip UC is connected to the TCK of the emulator connector; and pin 58 of the control chip UC is connected to the TMS of the emulator connector.

[0030] Working principle analysis

[0031] (1) The 125W vehicle power supply has six working states, as shown in Table 1. The first state is AC input (power grid or generator), with lithium battery charging off and the DC output of radio 24V and laptop 19V on. The second state is AC input, with lithium battery charging on and DC output off. The third state is AC input, with lithium battery charging on and DC output on. The fourth state is DC input (battery power generation system), with lithium battery charging off and the DC output of radio 24V and laptop 19V on. The fifth state is DC input (battery power generation system), with lithium battery charging on and DC output off. The sixth state is DC input (battery power generation system), with lithium battery charging on and DC output on.

[0032] Table 1 Relationship between operating state and switch state

[0033] Switch status DC input Communication input Lithium battery charging DC output Work status 0 / 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 / 1 0 1 1 0 2 0 / 1 0 1 1 1 3 0 / 1 1 0 0 1 4 0 / 1 1 0 1 0 5 0 / 1 1 0 1 1 6

[0034] (2) When the 125W vehicle power supply is in its first operating state, such as Figure 2 In this circuit, the ACDC converter operates while DC1 is not working, outputting power to battery A and turning off battery B. DC2 operates and outputs power to the laptop. The ACDC converter also operates and outputs power to the radio. The ACDC circuit principle is as follows: Figure 3 When AC power is plugged in and the AC circuit breaker is closed, the microcomputer detects that all signals are normal and detects that the lithium battery charging signal is off. The power-on signal D13 is high, and the module operates with a default output radio voltage of 24V. This 24V also serves as... Figure 3 5B1 (corresponding to) Figure 2 The DC2DC2 input is used to power the laptop, and the DC2DC2 output is 19V to power the laptop.

[0035] (3) When the 125W vehicle power supply is in its second operating state, such as Figure 2 When the ACDC circuit is working, DC1 is not working and the output is connected to battery A and battery B. DC2 is working and the output is off, so it does not power the radio or laptop. The working principle of the ACDC circuit is as follows: Figure 3 When the AC power is plugged in and the AC air switch is closed, the microcomputer detects that all signals are normal and detects that the lithium battery charging signal is on. The power-on signal D13 is at a high level, and the constant current control signals D10 and D11 work as shown in Table 2. Signals D10 and D11 are controlled by the microcomputer. This state is the battery charging state.

[0036] Table 2 Relationships of Constant Current Charging Control Signals

[0037]

[0038] (4) When the 125W vehicle power supply is in its third state, such as Figure 2The ACDC circuit works, DC1 and DC2 also work, outputting to batteries A and B, and DC2 outputs to power the radio and laptop. The ACDC circuit principle is as follows: Figure 3 When the AC power is plugged in and the AC air switch is closed, the microcomputer detects that all signals are normal and detects that the lithium battery charging signal is on. The power-on signal D13 is at a high level, and the constant current control signals D10 and D11 work as shown in Table 2. Signals D10 and D11 are controlled by the microcomputer. This state is the 125W vehicle power supply working and charging at the same time.

[0039] (5) When the 125W vehicle power supply is in its fourth state, such as Figure 2 The AC-DC converter is not working. DC1 is working, outputting to battery A while battery B is off. DC2 is working and outputting to power the laptop. DC1 is working and outputting to power the radio. The working principle of DC1 is as follows: Figure 4 When DC power is plugged in and the DC air switch is closed, the microcomputer detects that all signals are normal and detects that the lithium battery charging signal is off. The power-on signal D13 is high, and the module operates with a default output radio voltage of 24V. This 24V also serves as... Figure 3 5B1 (corresponding to) Figure 2 The DC2DC2 input is used to power the laptop, and the DC2DC2 output is 19V to power the laptop.

[0040] (6) When the 125W vehicle power supply is in its fifth operating state, such as Figure 2 The AC / DC converter is not working; DC1 is working, outputting to batteries A and B; DC2 is working but outputting off, not supplying power to the radio or laptop. The working principle of DC1 is as follows: Figure 4 When DC power is plugged in and the DC air switch is closed, the microcomputer detects that all signals are normal and detects that the lithium battery charging signal is on. The power module 4B4 will turn on as soon as it is powered on. The constant current control signal A3A works as shown in Table 3. Signal A3A is controlled by the microcomputer. This state is the battery charging state.

[0041] Table 3 Relationships of Constant Current Charging Control Signals

[0042]

[0043] When the 125W car power supply is in its sixth operating state, such as Figure 2 The AC-DC converter is not working, DC1 is working, and the output to batteries A and B is turned on. DC2 is also working and its output is turned on, powering the radio and laptop. The working principle of DC1 is as follows: Figure 3When the DC power is plugged in and the DC air switch is closed, the microcomputer detects that all signals are normal and detects that the lithium battery charging signal is on. The DC module works, and the constant current control signal A3A works as shown in Table 2. Signal A3A is controlled by the microcomputer. This state is the 125W vehicle power supply working and charging at the same time.

[0044] like Figure 6 The diagram shown is a flowchart of a microcomputer control program, which includes the following steps:

[0045] S1: Instruction start, initialization;

[0046] S2: Determine the power-on status. If the power-on is normal, turn on the corresponding switch. If the power-on is abnormal, enter the status detection.

[0047] S3: Determine if the battery is fully charged;

[0048] S4: Disable input / output;

[0049] In summary, the above-mentioned technical solution of the present invention provides the following advantages:

[0050] (1) The microcomputer samples the input and output current, port voltage, and key signals of the power supply system to determine the operating mode of the power supply. The system then automatically switches between operating modes via program control and displays the operating status using indicator lights. This power supply system is convenient to use, simple to operate, and can adapt to power supply requirements in various environments, including AC / DC generator power generation, photovoltaic panel power generation, dual-battery charging and discharging, and grid power supply.

[0051] (2) The constant current charging circuit for AC input battery uses comparator 4N7B and microcomputer control signal D10 and control signal D11, and has three voltage adjustment functions to realize constant current charging of AC input battery. The constant current charging circuit for DC input battery uses comparator 4N7S and current sampling signal A3A, and has two voltage adjustment functions to realize constant current charging of DC input battery.

[0052] (3) The overvoltage protection circuit of the DC-DC2 converter circuit is composed of Zener diode 4V23, resistor 4R4, resistor 4R5 and transistor 4V24. The components are inexpensive, the circuit works stably, the overvoltage protection function is reliable, and its structure is simple. The input and output of each converter circuit adopt filter circuits to ensure low output ripple and good electromagnetic compatibility.

[0053] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-functional vehicle power controller, characterized in that, It includes an AC / DC conversion circuit, a DC1 / DC1 conversion circuit, a DC2 / DC2 conversion circuit, and a microcomputer control circuit. The specific connection method of the AC / DC conversion circuit is as follows: Input pin 13 of power module 2B1 is connected to the AC input live wire (L), and input pin 14 is connected to the AC input neutral wire (N). The output pins 2, 18, 19, and 20 of power module 2B1 are connected to the positive terminals of filter electrolytic capacitors 2C8, 2C9, and 2C10, and the output pins 15, 16, 17, and 1 of power module 2B1 are connected to the negative terminals of filter electrolytic capacitors 2C8, 2C9, and 2C10. The output pin 4 of power module 2B1 is connected to the upper end of voltage regulating resistor 2R3 and the left end of voltage regulating resistor 2R4, and the lower end of voltage regulating resistor 2R3 is grounded. The right end of the voltage regulating resistor 2R4 is connected to pin 3 of transistor 2V3; the lower end of resistor 2R11 is connected to the upper end of capacitor 2C6 and the upper end of resistor 2R12; the lower end of capacitor 2C6 is grounded; the lower end of resistor 2R12 is grounded. Pin 1 of transistor 2V3 is connected to the left end of resistor 2R9; pin 2 of transistor 2V3 is grounded; the left end of resistor 2R9 is connected to the lower end of resistor 2R8 and the upper end of resistor 2R10; the lower end of resistor 2R10 is grounded; the upper end of resistor 2R7 is connected to the reference voltage; the upper end of resistor 2R8 and the lower end of resistor 2R7 are both connected to pin 3 of transistor 2V4.

2. The multi-functional vehicle power controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the AC / DC conversion circuit: The output pin 8 of power module 2B1 is connected to the cathode of LED 2V1, the anode of LED 2V1 is connected to the right end of resistor 2R2, and the left end of resistor 2R2 is connected to the output pin 9 of power module 2B1. The module power-on / off signal D13 is connected to the right end of resistor 2R13, the left end of resistor 2R13 is connected to the left end of resistor 2R14, and the right end of resistor 2R14 is grounded; the left end of resistor 2R13 is also connected to pin 1 of transistor 2V5, pin 2 of transistor 2V5 is grounded, pin 3 of transistor 2V5 is connected to the left end of resistor 2R6; the left end of resistor 2R6 is connected to pin 1 of transistor 2V2, pin 3 of transistor 2V2 is connected to pin 7 of power module 2B1, pin 1 of transistor 2V2 is connected to the lower end of resistor 2R5, and the upper end of resistor 2R5 is connected to pin 5 of power module 2B1. The chip 4N7B and its connected resistors 4R15, 4R16, 4R17, 4R18, 4R19, 4R20, and 4R21 form a comparator with an adjustable reference voltage of three levels; capacitor 4C19 is a filter capacitor, and capacitor 4C22 is a compensation capacitor; transistor 4V26, resistors 4R24 and 4R25 form the circuit for generating the reference voltage adjustment control signal D10; transistor 4V27, resistors 4R22 and 4R23 form the circuit for generating the reference voltage adjustment control signal D11.

3. The multi-functional vehicle power controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the DC1 / DC1 converter circuit: The input pin 3 of power module 5B1 is connected to pin 2 of inductor 5L1, the upper end of capacitor 5C1, and the positive terminal of electrolytic capacitor 5C2; pin 1 of inductor 5L1 is connected to pin 1 of connector 2XS1. Input pin 2 of power module 5B1 is connected to the left end of resistor 5R4; the right end of resistor 5R4, the negative terminal of electrolytic capacitor 5C2, and the lower end of capacitor 5C1 are all connected to input pin 1 of power module 5B1 and then connected to ground. The output pin 4 of power module 5B1 is connected to the left end of resistor 5R6, the upper end of capacitor 5C4, the positive terminal of electrolytic capacitor 5C5, and pin 1 of inductor 5L2. Pin 2 of inductor 5L2, the positive terminal of electrolytic capacitor 5C6, the upper end of capacitor 5C7, and pin 1 of connector 5XS1 are connected. The output pin 6 of power module 5B1 is connected to the right end of resistor 5R6; the output pins 7 and 8 of power module 5B1, as well as the lower end of capacitor 5C4, the negative terminal of electrolytic capacitor 5C5, the negative terminal of electrolytic capacitor 5C6, and the lower end of capacitor 5C7 are all connected to pin 2 of connector 5XS1 and connected to ground.

4. The multi-functional vehicle power controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the DC2 / DC2 converter circuit: The input pin 5 of the power module 4B4 is connected to pin 2 of the inductor 4L3, the upper end of the capacitor 4C12, the positive terminal of the electrolytic capacitor 4C13, and the cathode of the Zener diode 4V23; pin 1 of the inductor 4L3 and the upper end of the capacitor 4C11 are connected to pin 1 of the connector 1XS3. Pin 2 of connector 1XS3, the lower end of capacitor 4C11, the lower end of capacitor 4C12, the negative terminal of electrolytic capacitor 4C13, the left end of resistor 4R5, pin 2 of transistor 4V24, and the lower end of capacitor 4C14 are all connected to pin 1 of input of power module 4B4. The input pin 4 of power module 4B4 is connected to pin 3 of transistor 4V24 and the upper end of capacitor 4C14; pin 1 of transistor 4V24 is connected to the right end of resistor 4R4 and the right end of resistor 4R5; the left end of resistor 4R4 is connected to the anode of Zener diode 4V23. Output pins 6 and 7 of power module 4B4 are connected to the positive terminals of electrolytic capacitors 4C15 and 4C16, and the right end of resistor 4R6; output pins 9 and 10 of power module 4B4 are connected to the negative terminals of electrolytic capacitors 4C15 and 4C16; output pin 8 of power module 4B4 is connected to the left end of resistor 4R6 and the upper end of resistor 4R12. In the constant current circuit, pin 1 of the output of chip 4N7A is connected to the right end of resistor 4R11, the right end of capacitor 4C17, and the left end of resistor 4R13; pin 3 of transistor 4V25 is connected to the lower end of voltage regulating resistor 4R12; pin 1 of transistor 4V25 is connected to the right end of resistor 4R13, the right end of resistor 4R14, and the right end of capacitor 4C18; pin 2 of transistor 4V25, the left end of resistor 4R14, and the left end of capacitor 4C18 are all grounded; pin 3 of the input of chip 4N7A is connected to the right end of resistor 4R7 and the right end of resistor 4R8; the current detection signal A3A is connected to the left end of resistor 4R7, and the left end of resistor 4R8 is grounded; pin 2 of the input of chip 4N7A is connected to the right end of resistor 4R9, the right end of resistor 4R10, the left end of resistor 4R11, and the left end of capacitor 4C17, and the left end of resistor 4R10 is grounded.

5. The multi-functional vehicle power controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the microcomputer control circuit: Pins 1 and 2 of the control chip UC are directly connected to ground; Pin 4 of the control chip UC is connected to RX0 of the serial port, and pin 6 is connected to TX0 of the serial port. Pin 11 of the control chip UC is connected to the current sampling signal A0, and the current sampling signal A0 is connected to the left end of the resistor 1R10; pin 13 of the control chip UC is connected to the current sampling signal A1, and the current sampling signal A1 is connected to the left end of the resistor 1R9; the right ends of the resistors 1R9 and 1R10 are both grounded. Pin 12 of the control chip UC is connected to the reference voltage adjustment control signal D10; pin 14 of the control chip UC is connected to the reference voltage adjustment control signal D11. Pin 15 of the control chip UC is connected to the 28VAC sampling signal of the AC / DC converter output voltage; Pin 17 of the control chip UC is connected to the right end of resistor 1R7 and the left end of resistor 1R8; the left end of resistor 1R7 is connected to the current sampling signal A3A; the right end of resistor 1R8 is grounded. Pin 18 of the control chip UC is connected to the module power on / off signal D13; Pin 19 of the control chip UC is connected to the charging current sampling A4; Pin 21 of the control chip UC is connected to voltage sampling A5, and voltage sampling A5 is connected to the 28VDC output of the DC2 / DC2 converter circuit. Pin 23 of the control chip UC is connected to voltage sampling A6, and voltage sampling A6 is connected to the 24V output of the front panel. Pin 24 of the control chip UC is connected to the battery charging switch signal D16; Pin 25 of the control chip UC is connected to the battery charging voltage sampling signal A7; Pin 26 of the control chip UC is connected to the control LED signal D17, pin 28 is connected to the control LED signal D18, and pin 30 is connected to the control LED signal D19. Pin 29 of the control chip UC is connected to the 24V output signal D20 of the control front panel; Pins 31 and 32 of the control chip UC are both connected to the positive terminal of the 3.3V power supply; Pin 52 of the control chip UC is connected to TDO of the emulator connector, pin 54 is connected to TD1, pin 56 is connected to TCK, and pin 58 is connected to TMS.

6. A multi-functional vehicle power controller according to claim 4, characterized in that, Pin 15 of control chip UC is connected to the 28VAC output voltage sampling signal of the ACDC converter. Pin 17 of control chip UC is connected to the right end of resistor 1R7 and the left end of resistor 1R8. The left end of resistor 1R7 is connected to the current sampling signal A3A, and the right end of resistor 1R8 is connected to ground. Pin 18 of control chip UC is connected to the module power-on / off signal D13. Pin 19 of control chip UC is connected to the charging current sampling signal A4. Pin 21 of control chip UC is connected to the voltage sampling signal A5, which is connected to the 28VDC output of the DC2 / DC2 converter circuit. Pin 23 of control chip UC is connected to the voltage sampling signal A6, which is connected to the 24V output of the front panel. Pin 24 of control chip UC is connected to the battery charging switch signal D16. Pin 25 of chip UC is connected to the battery charging voltage sampling signal A7; pin 26 of control chip UC is connected to the LED control signal D17; pin 28 of control chip UC is connected to the LED control signal D18; pin 30 of control chip UC is connected to the LED control signal D19; pin 29 of control chip UC is connected to the front panel 24V output signal D20; pins 31 and 32 of control chip UC are both connected to the 3.3V positive power supply; pin 52 of control chip UC is connected to the emulator connector TDO; pin 54 of control chip UC is connected to the emulator connector TD1; pin 56 of control chip UC is connected to the emulator connector TCK; and pin 58 of control chip UC is connected to the emulator connector TMS.

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