A safe evacuation system for super high-rise building construction sites based on building information modeling

Abstract

The invention discloses a super high-rise building construction site safety evacuation system based on building information model, including a processor, a display screen and a memory connected to the processor, the memory stores an information browsing module and a quick guidance module; the information browsing module includes a disaster information module and an emergency evacuation information module, the disaster information module includes a disaster interpretation module, a disaster damage information module, a disaster fortification intensity module and a hazard source information module; the quick guidance module includes an information input module and a calculation analysis and result output module, the calculation analysis and result output module performs escape parameter limitation, hazard source analysis and calculates an evacuation simulation curve according to the simulation results of the evacuation simulation module. When a disaster occurs, according to the actual working conditions of the project under construction and the grasp of the previous similar disaster situations, the corresponding evacuation simulation route and evacuation simulation time are quickly simulated for reference, and the user can quickly and accurately determine the evacuation plan.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of computer simulation, and in particular to a super high-rise building construction site safety evacuation system based on a building information model. Background Art

[0002] As the most important link in the construction process, the construction link has brought inevitable dangers to the industry while playing a huge role. The construction industry is undoubtedly one of the industries with the most frequent safety accidents, with high casualties and increasing deaths year by year. In recent years, the construction industry has become the third source of danger after road traffic and coal mining due to the high incidence of accidents. According to the statistics of the State Administration of Work Safety, from 2007 to 2016, a total of 6,371 construction safety accidents occurred nationwide, causing 7,804 deaths, causing huge economic losses to the construction, and also bringing unstable factors to social harmony. Super high-rise buildings have a long construction period and are difficult to organize due to their super-high structure, large scale, various functions, complex systems, and high construction standards. On-site safety management is even more difficult. Once an emergency occurs, the time-consuming and operational difficulty of personnel safe evacuation and emergency rescue work will increase sharply, which also increases the probability of safety accidents. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a super high-rise building construction site safety evacuation system based on building information modeling to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] The technical solution adopted to achieve the purpose of the present invention is as follows: a super high-rise building construction site safety evacuation system based on building information model, including a processor, a display screen and a memory connected to the processor, the memory storing an information browsing module and a quick guidance module;

[0005] The information browsing module includes a disaster information module and an emergency evacuation information module. The disaster information module includes a disaster interpretation module, a disaster damage information module, a disaster fortification intensity module and a hazard source information module.

[0006] The disaster interpretation module stores the concept, origin, manifestation, characteristics, secondary disasters and related cases of disasters;

[0007] The disaster damage information module displays the destructive power of actual disaster cases, the damage response of building structures in earthquakes, and the damage of various components. The disaster damage information module displays the earthquake response of buildings under construction and clarifies the danger zone.

[0008] The disaster prevention intensity module provides disaster prevention intensity information for all regions of the country;

[0009] The hazard source information module displays major hazard sources and prone accidents at the construction site in the disaster area;

[0010] The emergency evacuation information module provides evacuation mode information, evacuation speed information, safety protection measures information and simulation information of the evacuation simulation module; the simulation information includes evacuation escape route simulation, evacuation time simulation and evacuation personnel simulation; when the emergency evacuation information module is executed by the processor, the information provided by the emergency evacuation information module is displayed on the display screen;

[0011] The quick guidance module includes an information input module and a calculation analysis and result output module. The user inputs project information, environmental information, personnel information and management information into the evacuation simulation module through the information input module. The calculation analysis and result output module limits escape parameters, analyzes hazard sources and calculates an evacuation simulation curve based on the simulation results of the evacuation simulation module.

[0012] Furthermore, the evacuation mode information is the evacuation path and evacuation strategy adopted by the evacuation team, including a single-team model, a two-team model, and a herringbone model;

[0013] The evacuation speed information is the moving speed of the evacuation object during evacuation, and the evacuation object is an evacuation individual or a evacuation crowd;

[0014] The safety protection measures information includes safety and civilized prevention measures at the construction site and management measures for emergency evacuation in the event of a disaster.

[0015] Furthermore, when the evacuation body is an evacuation individual, the escape parameters include the evacuation individual size, evacuation spacing, free speed and related correction coefficients;

[0016] When the evacuation object is a crowd, the escape parameters include the crowd speed and its correction coefficient and the minimum channel width under different queues.

[0017] Furthermore, the results of the hazard source analysis include risk scores, hazard levels and safety warning distances for various types of major accidents.

[0018] Furthermore, the project information is the actual working condition information of the project under construction;

[0019] The environmental information includes whether the impact of disasters is considered, whether the impact of adverse evacuation planes is considered, and whether the impact of major hazard sources is considered;

[0020] Said personnel information includes peak labor force of individual buildings and the ratio of male to female personnel in the project;

[0021] The management information includes the integrity and implementation of construction work system specifications, earthquake knowledge training and emergency drills, on-site safety and civilization inspections and rectification efforts, seismic reinforcement and post-maintenance of mechanical equipment and related research work, and the integrity and implementation of fire protection work systems.

[0022] The technical effect of the present invention is unquestionable. When a disaster occurs, the system of the present invention can quickly simulate an appropriate evacuation simulation route and evacuation simulation time for user reference based on the actual working conditions of the project under construction and the understanding of previous similar disaster situations. This is beneficial for users to quickly and accurately determine evacuation plans in emergency situations, and can effectively reduce or even avoid injuries to people in disasters. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is the framework diagram of the construction safety evacuation guidance platform;

[0024] Figure 2 It is the system structure diagram;

[0025] Figure 3 Determine the flow chart for safe distance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the embodiments, but it should not be understood that the above subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments. Without departing from the above technical ideas of the present invention, various substitutions and changes are made according to the common technical knowledge and customary means in the art, which should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0027] Embodiment 1:

[0028] See also Figure 1 Or 2, this embodiment discloses a super high-rise building construction site safety evacuation system based on building information model, including a processor, a display screen and a memory connected to the processor, the memory storing an information browsing module and a quick guidance module;

[0029] The information browsing module includes a disaster information module and an emergency evacuation information module. The disaster information module includes a disaster interpretation module, a disaster damage information module, a disaster fortification intensity module and a hazard source information module.

[0030] The disaster interpretation module stores the concept, origin, manifestation, characteristics, secondary disasters and related cases of disasters;

[0031] The disaster damage information module displays the destructive power of actual disaster cases, the damage response of building structures in earthquakes, and the damage of various components. The disaster damage information module displays the earthquake response of buildings under construction and clarifies the danger zone.

[0032] The disaster prevention intensity module provides disaster prevention intensity information for all regions of the country;

[0033] The hazard source information module displays major hazard sources and prone accidents at the construction site in the disaster area;

[0034] The emergency evacuation information module provides evacuation mode information, evacuation speed information, safety protection measures information and simulation information of the evacuation simulation module; the simulation information includes evacuation escape route simulation, evacuation time simulation and evacuation personnel simulation; when the emergency evacuation information module is executed by the processor, the information provided by the emergency evacuation information module is displayed on the display screen;

[0035] The evacuation mode information is the evacuation path and evacuation strategy adopted by the evacuation team, including a single-team model, a two-team model and a T-shaped model; the evacuation speed information is the moving speed of the evacuation body during evacuation, and the evacuation body is an evacuated individual or a evacuated crowd; the safety protection measures information includes safety and civilized prevention measures at the construction site and management measures for emergency evacuation in the event of a disaster.

[0036] The quick guidance module includes an information input module and a calculation analysis and result output module. The user inputs project information, environmental information, personnel information and management information into the evacuation simulation module through the information input module. The calculation analysis and result output module limits escape parameters, analyzes hazard sources and calculates an evacuation simulation curve based on the simulation results of the evacuation simulation module.

[0037] When the evacuation body is an evacuation individual, the escape parameters include the evacuation individual size, evacuation spacing, free speed and related correction coefficients;

[0038] When the evacuation object is a crowd, the escape parameters include the crowd speed and its correction coefficient and the minimum channel width under different queues.

[0039] The results of the hazard source analysis include the hazard scores, hazard levels and safety warning distances for various types of major accidents.

[0040] The project information is the actual working condition information of the project under construction;

[0041] The environmental information includes whether the impact of disasters is considered, whether the impact of adverse evacuation planes is considered, and whether the impact of major hazard sources is considered;

[0042] Said personnel information includes peak labor force of individual buildings and the ratio of male to female personnel in the project;

[0043] The management information includes the integrity and implementation of construction work system specifications, earthquake knowledge training and emergency drills, on-site safety and civilization inspections and rectification efforts, seismic reinforcement and post-maintenance of mechanical equipment and related research work, and the integrity and implementation of fire protection work systems.

[0044] Embodiment 2:

[0045] This embodiment discloses a super high-rise building construction site safety evacuation system based on building information model, including the following modules:

[0046] Building Information Model module: realize building informatization for actual buildings, and the building information model serves as the basis of the safe evacuation system;

[0047] Construction site safety evacuation characteristics analysis module: the module includes evacuation environment safety characteristics analysis, evacuation environment hazard source identification, and evacuation personnel characteristics analysis;

[0048] The analysis of the safety characteristics of the evacuation environment includes the following aspects: a. The unreasonable layout of construction equipment, temporary facilities, materials and tools hinders emergency evacuation during sudden earthquakes; b. There is a lack of safety guidance for emergency evacuation of personnel.

[0049] Fire management: Secondary disasters such as fires caused by sudden earthquakes will bring adverse effects. Construction personnel management: Lack of emergency training and drills leads to irregular earthquake emergency evacuation, crowding and stampede accidents.

[0050] Equipment and safety facility management: a. Mechanical equipment such as tower cranes and construction elevators at the construction site lack earthquake-proof measures b. No safety protection measures: such as guardrails and safety nets to provide necessary protection for evacuated people;

[0051] The analysis of the characteristics of evacuees includes analysis of the gender ratio of construction site personnel, analysis of the age ratio of construction site personnel, statistical analysis of the education level of construction site personnel, statistical analysis of the positions of construction site personnel, analysis of the impact of earthquake and other disaster-related experiences on psychological reactions, analysis of the impact of earthquake knowledge training or emergency evacuation drills on emergency evacuation behavior, and analysis of factors at the construction site that have an adverse impact on safe evacuation;

[0052] Generally speaking, the personnel on construction sites are mainly male, mainly young and middle-aged people, and the vast majority are laborers, with an education level generally at junior high school or below.

[0053] People who have experienced disasters such as earthquakes have a certain degree of improvement in their psychological quality when encountering sudden disasters, but it is not obvious.

[0054] People who have participated in earthquake knowledge training and emergency drills appear to be calmer and more rational when faced with crowded and congested situations when encountering sudden disasters.

[0055] In addition, the main reason affecting safe evacuation is the uneven working surface. At the same time, a large number of people to be evacuated, inaccurate alarm systems, obstacles such as materials and equipment also greatly affect the normal progress of safe evacuation. These unfavorable factors should be taken seriously in the evacuation model.

[0056] Construction site safety evacuation parameter analysis module: The module includes basic characteristic parameter analysis of evacuated people, evacuation spacing analysis, evacuation speed analysis, and obstacle safety distance analysis;

[0057] The analysis of the basic characteristic parameters of the evacuated crowd includes the size of the evacuated personnel: since the purpose of calculating the physiological dimensions of the evacuated personnel is to analyze the queue size, the 50th percentile data that is closer to the average value is used, and the physiological dimension data of the construction personnel are weighted averaged according to the age group ratio and gender ratio (the gender ratio is calculated with a weight of 10:1), and the recommended values ​​of the thickness and width of the human body and the horizontal projection area at the construction site are obtained, which are 0.212m for thickness and 0.428m for shoulder width.

[0058] Number of evacuees: The number of workers under the project schedule can be determined based on the labor demand table in the construction organization plan. If the total number of evacuees cannot be estimated, a reference number of 100 or 150 can be used based on the questionnaire survey results. If the construction unit needs to organize a safety evacuation emergency drill, it is recommended to consider the most unfavorable situation and make personnel arrangements based on the peak labor demand in the construction organization plan.

[0059] Evacuation position: Construction workers inside the core tube should immediately move to the nearest stairwell through the external climbing frame plane and go down the stairs; construction workers on the external frame should immediately move to the core tube entrance, and after entering the core tube, move to the nearest stairwell and go down the stairs;

[0060] The evacuation spacing analysis includes determining the evacuation spacing determination method: the method for determining the optimal evacuation spacing is to ensure the principle of a single variable, change the spacing value within a valid range, and seek an evacuation state with the minimum total evacuation time through evacuation simulation.

[0061] The mathematical model of evacuation assumes that: the construction materials and equipment at the construction site are arranged in a relatively regular shape (cluster type), there are no obstacles in the corridors and stairs that affect the evacuation of personnel, when an earthquake occurs, the construction workers are randomly distributed on the top construction plane, during evacuation, the evacuees travel along the core tube stairwell with the shortest distance, and accelerate to form a standardized evacuation queue in the shortest time, all evacuees have the same reaction time and the same body size, during the evacuation process, if multiple queues meet at a certain exit, they are treated as queues, ignoring blockages or falls;

[0062] Construction of mathematical model for evacuation: Considering reaching the ground or designated refuge floor as the evacuation destination, the evacuation time of the corresponding number of stairs is increased accordingly. When the number of evacuees is large, the two teams of evacuees on both sides of the cave entrance are very likely to meet at the cave entrance. At this time, the evacuation principle of first-come, first-served and last-served waiting is adopted. If there are three or more evacuation queues, except for the first queue that arrives at the cave entrance first, the rest of the queues should wait in line. It can also be simplified to the situation of two queues.

[0063] Solution and analysis of evacuation mathematical model.

[0064] The evacuation speed analysis includes the analysis of factors affecting the evacuation speed: the destructiveness of the earthquake causes a panic effect on the evacuated crowd, the earthquake wave causes the high-rise floor to vibrate or shake, the safe evacuation of super high-rise buildings is mainly vertical evacuation, the evacuation speed in non-horizontal directions such as stair evacuation will change to a certain extent, the unfavorable construction plane causes evacuation inconvenience, and the evacuation density of the crowd affects the evacuation speed; the speed correction of stair evacuation; the correction of emergency flow evacuation speed; the correction of evacuation speed under construction environment; the correction of evacuation speed under earthquake action;

[0065] The obstacle safety distance analysis includes evacuation obstacle classification: physical obstacle model (physical obstacles at the construction site are divided into permanent obstacles and temporary obstacles), hazard source model (static hazard source, dynamic hazard source);

[0066] See also Figure 3 , the determination principle for setting the safety distance:

[0067] Frequency of occurrence of hazardous events (f) ≤ individual risk standard (F1): judged as safe;

[0068] No need to establish a safety distance, individual risk standard (F1) < frequency of occurrence of hazardous events (f) ≤ 100 × individual risk standard (100F1): judged as unsafe;

[0069] Set the safety distance to the distance corresponding to the "harm standard", and the frequency of harmful events (f)>100×individual risk standard (100F1): it is judged as extremely dangerous;

[0070] Set the safety distance to the distance corresponding to the "no harm standard" and the frequency of occurrence of hazardous events (f) ≤ individual risk standard (F1): judged as safe;

[0071] According to the "edge effect", the safety distance is set. The frequency of hazardous events (f)> individual risk standard (F1): it is judged as extremely dangerous;

[0072] Set the safety distance to the distance corresponding to the "no harm standard";

[0073] The method for determining the safety distance is the quantitative method of safety distance based on the danger level;

[0074] Assessment method for obstacle safety distance:

[0075] First determine the type of obstacle and select the source of danger;

[0076] Using the individual risk criteria of the exposure targets (risk-based approach) to select the hazards that require safe distances and define the types of safe distances;

[0077] Then, the hazard level of the target hazard source is evaluated based on the modified operating condition hazard analysis method according to the expert scoring results;

[0078] Determine the additional factor of safety distance;

[0079] Calculate the “no harm standard” distance based on the hazard category;

[0080] Calculate the safe distance.

[0081] Embodiment 3:

[0082] This embodiment discloses a super high-rise building construction site safety evacuation system based on a building information model. Specifically,

[0083] The super high-rise building construction site safe evacuation system based on building information model can guide the construction site safe evacuation simulation under the influence of earthquake.

[0084] It is suitable for emergency evacuation management at construction sites in high-intensity earthquake zones and is highly targeted.

[0085] The overall framework of the guidance system consists of two functional modules: "information browsing" and "quick guidance", as well as the earthquake construction safety evacuation information database and safety evacuation simulation parameter guidance. Therefore, with practicality as the design principle, the overall framework of the system is designed as follows: Figure 1 shown.

[0086] The information browsing module is used to sort out and summarize key information that is not involved in the research results of safe evacuation in ordinary environments into the module.

[0087] Earthquake disaster information includes: earthquake disaster information, earthquake damage information, seismic fortification intensity and hazard source information.

[0088] The earthquake disaster information module briefly explains the concept definition, origin, manifestation, characteristics and secondary disasters of earthquake disasters, and analyzes related cases of major earthquake disasters in my country in the form of pictures and texts. By browsing the information in this module, users can gain a deeper understanding of earthquake disasters.

[0089] The earthquake damage information module mainly analyzes the destructive power of earthquakes, the damage response of building structures in earthquakes, and the damage of various components based on actual cases. By browsing the information in this module, users can clearly understand the earthquake response of buildings under construction and identify dangerous areas.

[0090] The seismic fortification intensity module mainly provides seismic fortification intensity information for various regions across the country.

[0091] The hazard source information module mainly lists the major hazard sources and prone accidents at construction sites in high-intensity earthquake zones. By browsing the information in this module, users can obtain ideas for carrying out construction site safety management work.

[0092] Emergency evacuation information includes: evacuation route, evacuation mode, evacuation distance, evacuation speed and safety measures.

[0093] The evacuation mode mainly refers to the evacuation path and evacuation strategy adopted by the evacuation team, and includes single-team model, two-team model, and T-shaped model.

[0094] The evacuation speed refers to the moving speed of the evacuated individuals in individual evacuation and the overall moving speed of the evacuated people in queue evacuation.

[0095] Safety measures include safety and civilized prevention measures at the construction site and management measures for emergency evacuation in the event of an earthquake.

[0096] Evacuation simulation module: including evacuation route simulation, evacuation time simulation, and evacuation personnel simulation.

[0097] The quick guidance module uses an existing algorithm, and the user can quickly input necessary information to obtain parameter data and guidance instructions that are targeted to a certain extent for the project.

[0098] Information input includes project information, environmental information, personnel information and management information.

[0099] The project information module includes three sections: whether to consider the impact of earthquakes, whether to consider the impact of adverse evacuation planes, and whether to consider the impact of major hazardous sources.

[0100] Users can choose whether to consider various influencing factors based on project type and current progress.

[0101] Personnel information includes the peak workforce of individual buildings and the ratio of male to female employees on the project.

[0102] Management information includes five sections: the integrity and implementation of construction work system specifications, earthquake knowledge training and emergency drills, on-site safety and civilization inspections and rectification efforts, seismic reinforcement and post-maintenance of mechanical equipment and related research work, and the integrity and implementation of fire protection work systems.

[0103] The calculation analysis and result output module system can quickly calculate the optimal value, optimal value range or reference value of relevant parameters according to the internally stored algorithm, and provide guidance information text to the user.

[0104] The output includes parameter guidance, hazard analysis and evacuation guidance suggestions.

[0105] Parameter guidance includes individual evacuation size, evacuation spacing, free speed, crowd speed, related correction factors, and minimum channel width under different queues.

[0106] Hazard source analysis includes risk scores, hazard levels, and safety warning distances for various types of major accidents.

Claims

1. A super high-rise building construction site safety evacuation system based on building information model, characterized by: It includes a processor, a display screen and a memory connected to the processor, wherein the memory stores an information browsing module and a quick guidance module; The information browsing module includes a disaster information module and an emergency evacuation information module. The disaster information module includes a disaster interpretation module, a disaster damage information module, a disaster fortification intensity module and a hazard source information module. The disaster interpretation module stores the concept, origin, manifestation, characteristics, secondary disasters and related cases of disasters; The disaster damage information module displays the destructive power of actual disaster cases, the damage response of building structures in earthquakes, and the damage of various components. The disaster damage information module displays the earthquake response of buildings under construction and clarifies the danger zone. The disaster prevention intensity module provides disaster prevention intensity information for all regions of the country; The hazard source information module displays major hazard sources and prone accidents at the construction site in the disaster area; The emergency evacuation information module provides evacuation mode information, evacuation speed information, safety protection measures information and simulation information of the evacuation simulation module; the simulation information includes evacuation escape route simulation, evacuation time simulation and evacuation personnel simulation; when the emergency evacuation information module is executed by the processor, the information provided by the emergency evacuation information module is displayed on the display screen; The quick guidance module includes an information input module and a calculation analysis and result output module. The user inputs project information, environmental information, personnel information and management information into the evacuation simulation module through the information input module. The calculation analysis and result output module limits escape parameters, analyzes hazard sources and calculates an evacuation simulation curve based on the simulation results of the evacuation simulation module.

2. According to claim 1, a super high-rise building construction site safety evacuation system based on building information modeling is characterized by: The evacuation mode information is the evacuation path and evacuation strategy adopted by the evacuation team, including a single-team model, a two-team model, and a herringbone model; The evacuation speed information is the moving speed of the evacuation object during evacuation, and the evacuation object is an evacuation individual or a evacuation crowd; The safety protection measures information includes safety and civilized prevention measures at the construction site and management measures for emergency evacuation in the event of a disaster.

3. The super high-rise building construction site safety evacuation system based on building information model according to claim 2 is characterized by: When the evacuation body is an evacuation individual, the escape parameters include the evacuation individual size, evacuation spacing, free speed and related correction coefficients; When the evacuation object is a crowd, the escape parameters include the crowd speed and its correction coefficient and the minimum channel width under different queues.

4. The super high-rise building construction site safety evacuation system based on building information model according to claim 1 is characterized by: The results of the hazard source analysis include the hazard scores, hazard levels and safety warning distances for various types of major accidents.

5. The super high-rise building construction site safety evacuation system based on building information model according to claim 1 is characterized by: The project information is the actual working condition information of the project under construction; The environmental information includes whether the impact of disasters is considered, whether the impact of adverse evacuation planes is considered, and whether the impact of major hazard sources is considered; Said personnel information includes peak labor force of individual buildings and the ratio of male to female personnel in the project; The management information includes the integrity and implementation of construction work system specifications, earthquake knowledge training and emergency drills, on-site safety and civilization inspections and rectification efforts, seismic reinforcement and post-maintenance of mechanical equipment and related research work, and the integrity and implementation of fire protection work systems.

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