Adjustment of the position of the light source of the detection assembly

Abstract

A fluid treatment device includes a detection assembly having a light source, an adjustment system, and a light detector. The light source is associated with a component of the fluid treatment device, disposed in an initial position relative to the component of the fluid treatment device, and configured to emit light. The adjustment system is associated with the light source and configured to adjust a position of the light source. The light detector is configured to receive at least a portion of the light from the light source and generate a signal indicative of an amount of light received by the light detector. The fluid treatment device also includes a controller configured to receive the signal from the light detector and control the adjustment system to move the light source to a monitoring position based at least in part on the signal.

Description

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] This application claims the benefit and priority of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 63 / 085,293, filed on September 30, 2020, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure relates to a detection component. More specifically, this disclosure relates to the adjustment of the position of the light source of the detection component. Background Technology

[0004] Currently, various blood processing systems allow for the collection of specific blood components from a blood source instead of whole blood. Typically, in such systems, whole blood is drawn from the source, specific blood components are removed and collected, and any remaining blood components are returned to the source.

[0005] Typically, whole blood is separated into its components by centrifugation. This requires the whole blood to pass through a centrifuge after it has been drawn from a source and before it is returned to the source. To avoid contamination of the source and potential infection, the blood is preferably contained in a sealed, sterile fluid flow loop throughout the centrifugation process. Therefore, a typical blood processing system includes a permanent, reusable centrifuge assembly and a disposable, sealed, and sterile fluid processing assembly. The centrifuge assembly includes hardware (drive system, pump, valve actuator, programmable controller, etc.) for rotating and pumping the blood, and the fluid processing assembly is fitted onto this hardware. During the collection process, the centrifuge assembly engages with the disposable centrifuge chamber of the fluid processing assembly and rotates the disposable centrifuge chamber. However, the blood only comes into actual contact with the fluid processing assembly, which is used only once and then discarded.

[0006] When whole blood is centrifuged, heavier (higher specific gravity) components, such as red blood cells, move radially outward from the center of rotation towards the outer wall or "high G" wall of the separation chamber. Lighter (lower specific gravity) components, such as plasma, move towards the inner wall or "low G" wall of the separation chamber. Some of these components can be selectively removed from the whole blood by forming appropriately positioned channel seals and outlet ports within the separation chamber.

[0007] Optical sensor assemblies are known for monitoring the flow of blood and / or blood components through a flow loop in a centrifuge and determining various characteristics of the flow. For example, PCT Patent Application Publication No. WO 2018 / 053217 A1 (which is incorporated herein by reference) relates to an optical sensor assembly for observing a centrifuge chamber to detect and control the position of the interface between separated blood components. In this assembly, as in any other detection assembly, proper alignment of the various components relative to the object being monitored is necessary to ensure accurate monitoring of the fluid during operation. It is possible that the fluid flow loop is mounted to the hardware in a manner that affects the performance of the detection assembly, making it advantageous to adjust the light source of the detection assembly in response to the orientation of the one-time loop mounted to the hardware (or in response to some other factor), thereby improving performance. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This subject matter comprises several aspects that can be implemented individually or together in the apparatuses and systems described and claimed below. These aspects may be employed individually or in combination with other aspects of the subject matter described herein, and the description of these aspects together is not intended to exclude the individual use of these aspects or to claim these aspects individually or in different combinations as set forth in the appended claims.

[0009] In one aspect, the fluid handling apparatus includes a detection assembly having a light source, an adjustment system, and a photodetector. The light source is associated with a component of the fluid handling apparatus, positioned relative to said component in an initial position, and configured to emit light. The adjustment system is associated with the light source and configured to adjust the position of the light source relative to the associated component of the fluid handling apparatus. The photodetector is configured to receive at least a portion of the light from the light source and generate a signal indicating the amount of light received by the photodetector. The fluid handling apparatus also includes a controller configured to receive the signal from the photodetector and control the adjustment system to move the light source relative to the associated component of the fluid handling apparatus to a monitoring position, at least in part based on the signal.

[0010] In another aspect, a method is provided for adjusting the position of a light source of a detection component, the detection component including a light source and a photodetector, wherein the light source is associated with a component of a fluid handling apparatus and is positioned in an initial position relative to the associated component of the fluid handling apparatus. The method includes: emitting light from the light source; receiving at least a portion of the light through the photodetector and generating a signal indicating the amount of light received by the photodetector; and moving the light source relative to the associated component of the fluid handling apparatus to a monitoring position, at least partially based on the signal. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of an exemplary fluid handling apparatus including components of a fluid handling system according to one aspect of this disclosure;

[0012] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an exemplary disposable fluid flow circuit, which can be installed to... Figure 1 A fluid handling apparatus to complete a fluid handling system according to one aspect of the present disclosure;

[0013] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A perspective view of an exemplary centrifugal separator for a fluid handling apparatus, wherein a centrifugal separation chamber of a fluid flow loop is installed in the centrifugal separator;

[0014] Figure 4 This is a top plan view of an exemplary box for a fluid flow loop, which can be actuated to perform actions related to... Figure 1 The fluid handling apparatus shown is associated with a variety of different fluid handling processes;

[0015] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A perspective view of a centrifuge, wherein a selected portion of the centrifuge is cut open to show the light source of the interface monitoring component;

[0016] Figure 6 yes Figure 3 A three-dimensional view of a centrifuge, in which a light source operates to transmit a beam of light to a photodetector of an interface monitoring component;

[0017] Figure 7 yes Figure 3 A perspective view of a centrifuge, in which a selected portion of the centrifuge is cut open to show the light source and photodetector of the interface monitoring component;

[0018] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of an exemplary centrifugal separation chamber for a fluid flow circuit;

[0019] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 Front view of the centrifuge chamber;

[0020] Figure 10 Is it through Figure 8 A top-down perspective view of the fluid flow path in the centrifugal separation chamber;

[0021] Figure 11 yes Figures 8 to 10 An enlarged perspective view of a portion of the channel of a centrifugal separation chamber, wherein the interface between the separated fluid components is located at a (typically) desired location on an inclined plane confined within the channel.

[0022] Figure 12 yes Figure 11 A magnified 3D view of the channel and the ramp, wherein the interface is located at an (typically) undesirable high position on the ramp;

[0023] Figure 13 yes Figure 11 A magnified stereoscopic view of the channel and the ramp, wherein the interface is located at a (typically) undesirable low position on the ramp.

[0024] Figure 14 Is with Figures 8 to 10 A three-dimensional diagram of the prism reflector used in the centrifugal separation chamber assembly;

[0025] Figure 15 yes Figure 14 A three-dimensional view of a prism reflector, showing how light is transmitted through the prism reflector;

[0026] Figures 16 to 19 This is a schematic diagram of the inclined plane and prism reflector of the centrifugal separation chamber that pass through the light path from the light source during the calibration phase;

[0027] Figures 20 to 23 They are respectively in Figures 16 to 19 A schematic diagram of the voltage output or signal transmitted by the photodetector during the situation shown;

[0028] Figure 24 yes Figures 8 to 10 A three-dimensional view of the passageway and prism reflector of the centrifuge chamber, wherein the prism reflector is correctly aligned with the light source of the interface monitoring component;

[0029] Figure 25 and Figure 26 yes Figures 8 to 10 A three-dimensional view of the passageway and prism reflector of the centrifuge chamber, in which the prism reflector is not properly aligned with the light source of the interface monitoring component;

[0030] Figure 27 yes Figure 8 and Figure 10 A perspective view of the channels and prism reflectors of the centrifuge chamber, showing an exemplary range of motion of the light source of the interface monitoring component;

[0031] Figure 28 This is a perspective view of an exemplary adjustment system for adjusting the position of a light source for an interface monitoring component, wherein a selected portion is cut out for illustrative purposes;

[0032] Figures 29 to 31 yes Figure 28 A three-dimensional diagram of the adjustment system, showing light sources in different positions; and

[0033] Figures 32 to 34This is a flowchart of an exemplary method for adjusting the position of the light source of a detection component according to one aspect of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The embodiments disclosed herein are for the purpose of providing a description of the subject matter, and it should be understood that the subject matter can be implemented in many other forms and combinations not shown in detail. Therefore, the specific designs and features disclosed herein should not be construed as limiting the subject matter as defined in the appended claims.

[0035] Figures 1 to 34 The diagram illustrates components and aspects of a blood or fluid treatment system that realizes various aspects of this subject matter. Although the system is described herein in terms of its use in separating blood into two or more components, it should be understood that the system according to this disclosure can be used to treat a variety of biological or bodily fluids (including fluids containing bodily fluids and non-bodily fluids, such as anticoagulated blood) and non-bodily fluids.

[0036] The fluid handling system according to this disclosure typically includes two main components: a durable and reusable fluid handling device 10. Figure 1 ) and disposable fluid flow circuit 12 ( Figure 2 Although the disposable fluid flow circuit 12 may be advantageous for handling bodily fluids, it should be understood that the principles described herein apply to non-bodily fluids, in which case the disposable fluid flow circuit may be omitted.

[0037] The fluid processing apparatus 10 illustrated includes a rotary membrane separator drive unit 14. Figure 1 ), centrifuge or centrifugal separator 16 ( Figure 3 Additional components for controlling the flow of fluid through a one-time flow loop 12, and a controller 18. Figure 1 The controller 18 governs the operation of other components of the fluid handling apparatus 10 (including the detection assembly) to execute the process selected by the operator. The principles relating to the adjustment of the light source of the detection assembly described herein are not limited to any particular fluid handling system or process, and therefore a complete fluid handling apparatus or process will not be described in detail herein. However, for Figure 1 A detailed description of the fluid handling apparatus 10 and various exemplary processes that can be performed using such a system can be obtained by referring to PCT Patent Application Publication No. WO 2018 / 053217 A1.

[0038] I. Durable fluid handling unit

[0039] Fluid processing device 10 ( Figure 1 It is configured as a durable item designed for long-term use. It should be understood that... Figure 1The fluid processing device 10 is merely an example of one possible configuration, and the fluid processing device according to this disclosure can be configured in different ways.

[0040] In the illustrated embodiment, the fluid handling device 10 is implemented in a single housing or enclosure 20. The illustrated enclosure 20 includes a generally horizontal portion 22 (which may include inclined or angled faces or upper surfaces for enhanced visibility and ergonomics) and a generally vertical portion 24. The rotary membrane separator drive unit 14 and the centrifugal separator 16 are shown integrated into the generally horizontal portion 22 of the enclosure 20, while the controller 18 is shown integrated into the generally vertical portion 24.

[0041] A. Rotary membrane separator drive unit

[0042] The fluid processing device 10 shown in the figure includes a rotary support or a rotary membrane separator drive unit 14. Figure 1 The rotator support or rotary membrane separator drive unit 14 is used to accommodate the fluid flow circuit 12. Figure 2 The rotary membrane separator 26 is generally cylindrical. U.S. Patent No. 5,194,145 (which is incorporated herein by reference) describes an exemplary rotary membrane separator drive unit suitable for integration into a fluid handling apparatus 10, but it should be understood that the rotary membrane separator drive unit 14 may be configured in different ways without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0043] Typically, rotary membrane separators are not monitored by a detection assembly with a light source; therefore, the principles described herein concerning the adjustment of the position of the light source in the detection assembly may be more applicable to centrifuge 16. However, conduits leading to and / or exiting the rotary membrane separator can be monitored by a detection assembly with a light source; therefore, the light source adjustment principles described herein are applicable to such a detection assembly. Furthermore, the light source adjustment principles described herein are applicable to such a detection assembly in terms of the extent to which the rotary membrane will be monitored by a detection assembly with a light source.

[0044] B. Centrifuge

[0045] This document describes the adjustment of the position of the light source of the detection component within the context of the detection component of centrifuge 16. Therefore, for illustrative purposes, this document will describe a specific configuration of centrifuge 16 and its associated centrifuge chamber 32, as well as the detection component. However, it should be understood that this principle can be practiced in any configuration of centrifuge 16 or in the absence of a centrifuge.

[0046] The centrifuge 16 shown in the figure includes a centrifuge chamber 34, which can accommodate other components of the centrifuge 16. Figure 3 The centrifuge chamber 34 may include a cover 36 that is opened to insert and remove the centrifugal separation chamber 32 of the fluid flow circuit 12. During the separation process, the cover 36 may be closed such that the centrifugal separation chamber 32 is positioned within the centrifuge chamber 34 as the centrifugal separation chamber 32 rotates or twirls about axis 38 under the power of the electric drive motor or rotor 40 of the centrifuge 16.

[0047] The specific configuration and operation of the centrifuge 16 depend on the specific configuration of the centrifugal separation chamber 32 of the fluid flow circuit 12. In one embodiment, the centrifuge 16 is constructed and operated similarly to the structure and operation of the ALYX system manufactured by Fenwal, Inc., Lake Zurich, Illinois, a subsidiary of Fresenius Kabi AG, Bad Homburg, Germany, as described in more detail in U.S. Patent No. 8,075,468, which is incorporated herein by reference. More specifically, the centrifuge 16 may include a bracket or support 42 for holding the centrifugal separation chamber 32 and a yoke member 44. The yoke member 44 engages an umbilicus 46 of the fluid flow circuit 12 that extends between the centrifugal separation chamber 32 and the housing 48 of the fluid flow circuit 12. Figure 4 The yoke member 44 causes the umbilicus 46 to rotate around the centrifugal separation chamber 32 at a rotational speed of 1ω. The umbilicus 46 also twists about its own axis as it rotates around the centrifugal separation chamber 32. According to known designs, when the umbilicus 46 rotates at 1ω, the twisting of the umbilicus 46 about its axis, together with the yoke member 44, imparts a rotational speed of 2ω to the centrifugal separation chamber 32. The relative rotation of the yoke member 44 at a rotational speed of 1ω and the centrifugal separation chamber 32 at a rotational speed of 2ω keeps the umbilicus 46 from twisting, thereby avoiding the need for rotation of the seal.

[0048] Fluid is introduced into centrifuge chamber 32 through umbilical tube 46, where it is separated by centrifugal force generated by the rotation of centrifuge chamber 32 (e.g., if the fluid is blood, it is separated into less dense components, such as platelet-rich plasma, and if the fluid is blood, it is separated into denser components, such as concentrated red blood cells). Components of an interface monitoring assembly can be positioned within centrifuge chamber 16 to monitor the separation of fluid within centrifuge chamber 32. Figures 5 to 7As shown, the interface monitoring component may include a light source 50 and a photodetector 52, the photodetector 52 being positioned and oriented to receive at least a portion of the light emitted by the light source 50. The illustrated light source 50 and photodetector 52 are associated with a fixed surface of the centrifuge chamber 34; however, either or both of the illustrated light source 50 and photodetector 52 may alternatively be associated with a movable structure or component of the fluid processing apparatus 10, as described in U.S. Patent No. 5,316,667, which is incorporated herein by reference. Furthermore, as described in more detail herein, according to one aspect of this disclosure, the position of the light source 50 may be adjusted relative to the structure or component of the fluid processing apparatus 10 associated therewith.

[0049] The initial or default orientation and position of the various components of the interface monitoring assembly depend, at least in part, on the specific configuration of the centrifuge chamber 32. However, generally, the light source 50 emits a light beam "L" (e.g., a laser beam) through the separated fluid components within the centrifuge chamber 32 (which may be formed of a material that substantially transmits light L or at least light L of a specific wavelength without absorbing light). A portion of the light L reaches the photodetector 52, which transmits a signal to the controller 18 indicating the interface position between the separated fluid components. If the controller 18 determines that the interface is in an incorrect position (which could affect the separation efficiency of the centrifuge 16 and / or the quality of the separated blood components), the controller 18 can command the appropriate components of the blood separation device 10 to modify the operation of those components, thereby moving the interface to the appropriate position.

[0050] C. Other components of the fluid handling unit

[0051] In addition to the rotary membrane separator drive unit 14 and the centrifugal separator 16, the fluid handling apparatus 10 may also include other components arranged in a compact manner to aid in fluid handling. Exemplary components (including a pump system and a housing station 54 for housing the housing 48 of the fluid flow loop 12) are described in more detail in PCT Patent Application Publication No. WO 2018 / 053217A1.

[0052] There are multiple detection components D1 to D3 in the various components of the fluid handling device 10. Although the regulation principle described herein is illustrated with reference to the interface monitoring component of the centrifugal separator 16, it should be understood that similar principles can be applied to other detection components D1 to D3, as well as detection components configured in a different manner than those described herein.

[0053] One of the detection components includes a centrifuge outlet sensor D1 for determining one or more characteristics of the fluid flowing out of centrifuge 16. If the fluid flowing out of centrifuge 16 contains red blood cells, the centrifuge outlet sensor D1 can be configured to determine the hematocrit of the fluid. If the fluid flowing out of centrifuge 16 is platelet-rich plasma, the centrifuge outlet sensor D1 can be configured to determine the platelet concentration of the platelet-rich plasma. The centrifuge outlet sensor D1 can detect one or more characteristics of the fluid by optically monitoring the fluid as it flows through the tube of the fluid flow loop 12 or by any other suitable method. The controller 18 can receive signals from the centrifuge outlet sensor D1 indicating one or more characteristics of the fluid flowing out of centrifuge 16 and use these signals to optimize the process based on those characteristics.

[0054] Another detection component in the detection assembly includes a rotator outlet sensor D2, which houses the following tube of the fluid flow circuit 12: this tube allows the separated fluid components to flow out of the rotating membrane separator 26 of the fluid flow circuit 12.

[0055] The third detection component in the detection assembly includes an air detector D3 (e.g., an ultrasonic bubble detector) that houses the tube of the fluid flow loop 12 that allows fluid to flow to the receiver. It may be advantageous to prevent air from reaching the receiver by having the air detector D3 send a signal to the controller 18 indicating the presence or absence of air in the tube. If the signal indicates the presence of air in the tube, the controller 18 can activate an alarm or error condition to warn the operator of the condition and / or take corrective action to prevent air from reaching the receiver (e.g., by reversing the flow of fluid through the tube or diverting the fluid to a vent location).

[0056] D. Controller

[0057] As described above, the fluid handling device 10 includes a controller 18, which is appropriately configured and / or programmed to control the operation of the fluid handling device 10. In one embodiment, the controller 18 includes a main processing unit (MPU), which may include, for example, a device manufactured by Intel Corporation. The controller 18 is a microprocessor, but other types of conventional microprocessors can be used. In one embodiment, the controller 18 may be mounted within the generally vertical portion 24 of the housing 20, adjacent to or integrated into the operator interface station (e.g., a touchscreen). In other embodiments, the controller 18 and the operator interface station may be associated with the generally horizontal portion 22 or may be integrated into a separate device that is physically, via cable, or wirelessly connected to the fluid handling device 10.

[0058] The controller 18 is configured and / or programmed to perform at least one fluid handling application, but more advantageously, the controller 18 is configured and / or programmed to perform a variety of different fluid handling applications. For example, the controller 18 may be configured and / or programmed to perform one or more of the following processes: a two-unit erythrocyte collection process, a plasma collection process, a plasma / erythrocyte collection process, an erythrocyte / platelet / plasma collection process, a platelet collection process, a platelet / plasma collection process, and a mononuclear cell collection process. Additional or alternative process applications (e.g., plasma exchange, erythrocyte exchange, and photopuncture) may be included without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0059] More specifically, when performing any of these fluid handling applications, the controller 18 is configured and / or programmed to control one or more of the following tasks: drawing fluid into a fluid flow loop 12 installed in the fluid handling apparatus 10; conveying fluid through the fluid flow loop 12 to a location for separation (i.e., conveying it to a rotary membrane separator 26 or a centrifugal separator 32 in the fluid flow loop 12); separating the fluid into two or more components as desired; and conveying the separated components to a storage container, to a second location for further separation (e.g., to either the rotary membrane separator 26 or the centrifugal separator 32, which were not used in the initial separation stage), or to a receiver (which may be the donor from which the fluid was initially drawn).

[0060] This may include instructing the rotary membrane separator drive unit 14 and / or the centrifugal separator 16 to operate at a specific rotational speed, and instructing the pump to deliver fluid at a specific flow rate through a portion of the fluid flow loop 12. Therefore, although it may be described herein that a specific component of the fluid handling apparatus 10 (e.g., the rotary membrane separator drive unit 14 or the centrifugal separator 16) performs a specific function, it should be understood that the component is controlled by the controller 18 to perform that function.

[0061] Before, during, and after the process, controller 18 can receive signals from various components of fluid handling device 10 to monitor various aspects of the operation of fluid handling device 10 and the characteristics of the fluid and separated fluid components as they flow through fluid flow loop 12. If the operation and / or one or more characteristics of the fluid or any component of the separated fluid components are outside acceptable limits, controller 18 can activate an alarm or error condition to alert the operator and / or take measures to attempt to correct the condition. Appropriate corrective measures will depend on the specific error condition and may include measures performed with or without operator involvement.

[0062] For example, controller 18 may include an interface control module that receives signals from the photodetector 52 of the interface monitoring component and the centrifuge outlet sensor D1. The signal received by controller 18 from photodetector 52 indicates the position of the interface between the separated fluid components within centrifuge chamber 32, while the signal from centrifuge outlet sensor D1 indicates whether the target interface position should be adjusted. If controller 18 determines that the interface is in an incorrect position, it can command appropriate components of fluid handling device 10 to modify their operation, thereby moving the interface to the correct position. For example, controller 18 may instruct the pump to flow blood into centrifuge chamber 32 at different rates and / or to remove separated fluid components from centrifuge chamber 32 at different rates and / or to rotate centrifuge chamber 32 at different speeds via centrifuge separator 16.

[0063] As will be described in more detail, controller 18 can monitor the calibration process and adjust the position of the light source of the detection component to improve performance during the calibration process.

[0064] II. One-time fluid flow loop

[0065] A. Overview

[0066] As for the fluid flow circuit or flow device 12 ( Figure 2 This is intended to be a sterile, single-use, disposable item. Before starting a given process, the operator loads multiple components of the fluid flow circuit 12 within the housing 20 associated with the fluid handling device 10. The correct operation of the individual detection components of the fluid handling device 10 may depend on the correct orientation of the fluid flow circuit 12 relative to the detection component, thus requiring care when installing the fluid flow circuit 12 to the fluid handling device 10. However, if one or more components of the fluid flow circuit 12 are not correctly oriented relative to the associated detection component of the fluid handling device 10, the position of the light source of that detection component can be adjusted to improve the performance of the detection component. While incorrect installation or misalignment of the fluid flow circuit 12 can be a common cause of adjusting the position of the light source of the detection component, it should be understood that other reasons exist that the principles described herein are not limited to use in fluid handling systems employing disposable fluid flow circuits.

[0067] Once the fluid flow loop 12 is installed to the fluid handling device 10, the controller 18 considers other inputs from the operator to implement a process based on a preset protocol. After the process is completed, the operator removes the association between the fluid flow loop 12 and the fluid handling device 10. The portions of the fluid flow loop 12 that hold the collected fluid components or multiple components (e.g., collection containers or bags) are removed from the housing 20 and then retained for storage, immediate use, or further processing. The remaining portions of the fluid flow loop 12 are removed from the housing 20 and discarded.

[0068] Various different disposable fluid flow loops can be used with the fluid handling device 10, wherein a suitable fluid flow loop depends on the process to be performed by the system. However, generally, the fluid flow loop 12 includes a housing 48 ( Figure 4 Other components of the fluid flow circuit 12 are connected to the housing 48 via flexible tubing. In one embodiment, the housing 48 is configured in a similar manner to the housing of U.S. Patent No. 5,868,696 (which is incorporated herein by reference), but is adapted to include additional components (e.g., more tubing circuits T1 to T6) and functions.

[0069] Other components may include multiple fluid containers F1 to F8 (for holding, for example, the fluid to be treated, separated fluid components, intravenous fluid, or additive solutions), one or more fluid source inlet devices (e.g., connectors for allowing fluid to enter the fluid containers), and a rotary membrane separator 26 and / or a centrifugal separation chamber 32. Figure 2 ).

[0070] B. Centrifuge chamber

[0071] Figure 8 and Figure 9 An exemplary centrifugal separation chamber 32 is shown, while Figure 10 The illustration depicts the fluid flow path defined by the centrifuge chamber 32. In this illustrated embodiment, the body of the centrifuge chamber 32 is pre-formed from a rigid, biocompatible plastic material, such as unplasticized medical-grade acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), into the desired shape and configuration (e.g., by injection molding). All contours, ports, channels, and walls affecting the fluid separation process are executed in a single injection molding operation. Alternatively, the centrifuge chamber 32 may be formed from separate molded parts, nested cup-shaped sub-assemblies, or two symmetrical halves.

[0072] The lower side of the centrifugal separation chamber 32 includes a shaped receiving portion 56, which is adapted to receive the end of the umbilicus 46 of the fluid flow circuit 12. Figure 3The manner in which a suitable receiving portion 56 and an umbilical tube 46 can cooperate with the receiving portion 56 to deliver fluid to and remove fluid from the centrifugal separation chamber 32 is described in more detail in U.S. Patent No. 8,075,468.

[0073] The illustrated centrifuge chamber 32 has radially spaced inner (low g) and outer (high g) sidewall portions 58 and 60, a bottom or first end wall portion 62, and a cover or second end wall portion 64. The cover 64 includes a simple flat portion that can be easily welded or otherwise secured to the body of the centrifuge chamber 32. The wall portions 58 and 60, the bottom 62, and the cover 64 together define a closed, generally annular channel 66. Figure 10 ).

[0074] An inlet 68 communicating with channel 66 is defined between opposing inner radial walls 70 and 72. One of the inner walls 70 connects to the outer (high g) wall portion 60 and separates the upstream and downstream ends of channel 66. The inner walls 70 and 72 define an inlet passage 68 for centrifugal chamber 32, which, in a flow configuration, allows fluid to flow from umbilicus 46 to the upstream end of channel 66.

[0075] The illustrated centrifuge chamber 32 also includes corresponding first outlet 74 and second outlet 76, which may be defined by opposing surfaces of an inner radial wall. Both the first outlet 74 and the second outlet 76 extend radially inward from the channel 66. The first outlet 74 extends radially inward from an opening located at the inner sidewall portion 58 in the illustrated embodiment, while the second outlet 76 extends radially inward from an opening associated with the outer sidewall portion 60. The illustrated first outlet 74 is positioned adjacent to the inlet 68 (near the upstream end of the channel 66), while the second outlet 76 may be positioned at the opposite, downstream end of the channel 66.

[0076] It should be understood that, Figure 8 The centrifuge chamber 32 illustrated is merely exemplary, and the centrifuge chamber 32 may be configured in different ways without departing from the scope of this disclosure. For example, PCT Patent Application Publication No. WO2018 / 053217 A1 describes other exemplary centrifuge chamber configurations. Furthermore, as stated above, although the principles relating to adjusting the position of the light source of the detection component are described herein in the context of a detection component for monitoring fluid separation within the centrifuge chamber 32, it should be understood that these principles apply to detection components configured to monitor other objects.

[0077] 1. Principles of centrifugal separation and interface detection

[0078] When the centrifugal separation chamber 32 rotates around the rotation axis 38, the fluid flowing into the channel 66 separates into a light-dense layer "R" and a less light-dense layer "P". Figures 11 to 13 A light-dense layer R is formed when larger and / or heavier fluid particles move toward the outer (high g) wall portion 60 under centrifugal force. If the fluid being separated is blood, the light-dense layer R will typically include red blood cells; however, depending on the speed of rotation of the centrifugation chamber 32, other cellular components (e.g., larger white blood cells) may also be present in the light-dense layer R.

[0079] If the fluid being separated is blood, the oligo-dense layer P typically includes plasma components, such as platelet-rich plasma or platelet-poor plasma. Depending on the rotation speed of the centrifuge chamber 32 and the length of time the blood resides in the centrifuge chamber 32, other components (e.g., smaller white blood cells and anticoagulants) may also be present in the oligo-dense layer P.

[0080] In one embodiment, when the photocompacted layer R separates from the less photocompacted layer P, the fluid introduced into the channel 66 via inlet 68 will move in a generally clockwise direction (in... Figure 8 (In positioning) the optically dense layer R. As the optically dense layer R travels along the length of the channel 66 along the outer sidewall portion 60, it continues to move clockwise from the upstream end to the downstream end. At the downstream end, the optically dense layer R exits the channel 66 through the second outlet 76. The lesser optically dense layer P, separated from the optically dense layer R, reverses its direction and moves counterclockwise along the inner sidewall portion 58 to the first outlet 74 adjacent to the inlet 68.

[0081] The transition between the photocompact layer R and the less photocompact layer P can be referred to as interface "N". If the fluid being separated is blood, then interface N includes monocytes and peripheral blood stem cells. The position of interface N within the channel 66 of the centrifugation chamber 32 can change dynamically during fluid processing, such as... Figures 11 to 13 As shown. If the position of interface N is too high (i.e., if interface N is too close to the inner wall portion 58 and the first outlet 74, as Figure 12 As shown), red blood cells may flow into the first outlet 74, potentially adversely affecting the quality of the low-density component (platelet-rich plasma or platelet-poor plasma). On the other hand, if the location of interface N is too low (i.e., interface N is too far from the inner wall portion 58, such as...), the red blood cells may flow into the first outlet 74, potentially adversely affecting the quality of the low-density component (platelet-rich plasma or platelet-poor plasma). Figure 13 If the system's collection efficiency is compromised (as shown), the ideal or target interface location can be determined experimentally and can vary depending on any of many factors (e.g., the configuration of centrifuge chamber 32, the rate at which centrifuge chamber 32 rotates about axis 38, etc.).

[0082] As described above, the fluid handling device 10 may include an interface monitoring assembly (including a light source 50 and a photodetector 52), a centrifuge outlet sensor D1, and a controller 18 having an interface control module to monitor and, if necessary, control or correct the position of the interface N. In the illustrated embodiment, the centrifuge chamber 32 is formed with a ramp 78 that extends at an angle α from the high g-wall portion 60 through at least a portion of the channel 66. Figure 8 as well as Figures 11 to 13 In one embodiment, the angle α measured relative to the rotation axis 38 is approximately 25°. Figures 11 to 13 The orientation of the ramp 78 as viewed from the low-g sidewall portion 58 of the centrifugal separation chamber 32 is shown. Although a flexible separation chamber is described, the overall structure and function of the ramp 78 can be better understood with reference to U.S. Patent No. 5,632,893, which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0083] The inclined plane 78 makes the interface N between the photo-dense layer R and the less photo-dense layer P easier to identify and detect, displaying the photo-dense layer R, the less photo-dense layer P, and the interface N for observation through the light-transmitting portion of the centrifuge chamber 32. For this purpose, at least a portion of the inclined plane 78 and the centrifuge chamber 32 aligned at an angle to the inclined plane 78 can be formed of a light-transmitting material; however, it may be advantageous for the entire centrifuge chamber 32 to be formed of the same light-transmitting material.

[0084] In the illustrated embodiment, the light source 50 of the interface monitoring system is associated with a fixture or wall of the centrifuge chamber 34 and is oriented to emit light L guided toward the axis of rotation 38 of the centrifuge 16, such as... Figures 5 to 7 As shown. If the photodetector 52 is positioned at an angle relative to the light source 50 (as in the illustrated embodiment), the light L emitted by the light source 50 must be redirected from its initial path before reaching the photodetector 52. In the illustrated embodiment, the light L is redirected by a reflector associated with the light-transmitting portion of the inner sidewall portion 58, as shown. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown. The reflector can be a separate piece fastened to the inner wall portion 58 (e.g., by being bonded to the inner wall portion 58) or it can be integrally formed with the body of the centrifugal separation chamber 66.

[0085] In one embodiment, the reflector may be a reflective surface, such as a mirror, oriented (e.g., at a 45° angle) to guide the light L emitted by the light source 50 to the photodetector 52. In another embodiment, the reflector is configured as a prism reflector 80. Figure 7 , Figure 14 and Figure 15The prism reflector 80 is formed of a light-transmitting material (e.g., transparent plastic material) and has an inner wall 82 and an outer wall 84, as well as a first end wall 86 and a second end wall 88. Figure 14 The inner wall 82 is positioned against the inner sidewall portion 58 of the centrifugal chamber 32 and oriented substantially perpendicular to the initial path of the light L from the light source 50. This allows the light L from the light source 50 to enter the prism reflector 80 via the inner wall 82 while continuing along its initial path. The light L continues along its initial path through the prism reflector 80 until it encounters the first end wall 86. The first end wall 86 is oriented at an angle (e.g., approximately 45°) relative to the inner wall 82 and the second end wall 88, such that the light L is redirected within the prism reflector 80 instead of exiting the prism reflector 80 via the first end wall 86.

[0086] The first end wall 86 guides light L toward the second end wall 88 at an angle (approximately 90°) from its initial path to a path generally parallel to the axis of rotation 38. Figure 15 The first end wall 86, as well as the inner wall 82 and outer wall 84 of the prism reflector 80, can be configured to transmit redirected light L from the first end wall 86 to the second end wall 88 via total internal reflection. The second end wall 88 is oriented substantially perpendicular to the redirected path of light L through the prism reflector 80, such that light L will exit the prism reflector 80 through the second end wall 88 and continue along its redirected path. In one embodiment, the second end wall 88 is roughened or textured or otherwise treated or adjusted to diffuse light L as it exits the prism reflector 80, which better ensures that light L reaches the photodetector 52. Figure 7 ).

[0087] The prism reflector 80 can be angled to the inclined plane 78 such that when the inclined plane 78 is rotated into the path of light L, light L from the light source 50 will only enter the prism reflector 80. In all other periods (when the inclined plane 78 is not in the path of light L), light L will not reach the prism reflector 80, and therefore will not reach the photodetector 52. This is in Figures 16 to 19 The diagram in the middle shows, Figures 16 to 19 The inclined plane 78 and the prism reflector 80 are shown when the centrifugal separation chamber 32 rotates about the rotation axis 38. Figure 16 At this point, the inclined plane 78 and the prism reflector 80 have not yet rotated into the initial path of the light L from the light source 50. No light is transmitted to the photodetector 52, causing the output voltage of the photodetector 52 (i.e., the signal transmitted from the photodetector 52 to the controller 18) to be in a low or zero state. Figure 20 ).

[0088] When the inclined plane 78 is first rotated into the initial path of the light L from the light source 50 ( Figure 17 Light L will begin to reach prism reflector 80, which guides it to photodetector 52. This causes the voltage output of photodetector 52 (i.e., the signal transmitted from photodetector 52 to controller 18) to rise to a non-zero value or state, such as... Figure 21 As shown.

[0089] During the calibration phase, channel 66 is filled with fluid that transmits light L rather than absorbs or reflects it, or otherwise prevents light L from reaching prism reflector 80, such that the voltage output of photodetector 52 remains approximately constant as the ramp 78 and prism reflector 80 rotate through the initial path of light L from light source 50. Figure 18 and Figure 22 Such a calibration phase may be consistent with the infusion phase or may include a separate phase during which brine is pumped through the fluid flow loop 12 to infuse the fluid flow loop 12. The calibration phase can be used to ensure proper operation of the light source 50 and photodetector 52, to normalize readings obtained during the separation process in the event of any irregularities or defects in the centrifugation chamber 36, and to establish a baseline value for the signal transmitted from the photodetector 52 to the controller 18 when the inclined plane 78 and prism reflector 80 are aligned with the light source 50. During the fluid separation process, the voltage output of the photodetector 52 will generally not remain constant as the inclined plane 78 and prism reflector 80 rotate through the initial path of light L from the light source 50, because different fluid layers appearing on the inclined plane 78 will allow different amounts of light L to reach the prism reflector 80.

[0090] The inclined plane 78 and the prism reflector 80 are eventually rotated so that they are not aligned with the light source 50. Figure 19 At this point, no light L will reach the prism reflector 80, and the voltage output of the photodetector 52 will return to a low or zero state. Figure 23 ).

[0091] As the inclined plane 78 and prism reflector 80 rotate through the path of light L from light source 50, light L continues to pass through channel 66 and the fluid within channel 66. At least a portion of light L (i.e., the portion not absorbed or reflected by the fluid) exits channel 66 by illuminating and entering the light-transmitting portion of the inner sidewall portion 58. Light L passes through the inner sidewall portion 58 and enters the prism reflector 80, which redirects light L from its initial path to the photodetector 52, as described above.

[0092] The photodetector 52 generates a signal that is transmitted to the interface control module of the controller 18, which determines the position of the interface N on the ramp 78. In one embodiment, the position of the interface N is associated with a variation in the amount of light L transmitted through the low-light-density layer P and the light-density layer R. For example, the light source 50 can be configured to emit light L, such as red visible light (from a laser or a light source L configured differently), which is more easily transmitted through platelet-rich or platelet-anemic plasma than through red blood cells; red visible light is substantially absorbed by red blood cells. The low-light-density layer P and the light-density layer R each occupy a specific portion of the ramp 78, such that the photodetector 52 receives different amounts of light L depending on whether the light L travels through the low-light-density layer P or the light-density layer R on the ramp 78. The percentage of ramp 78 occupied by each layer is related to the position of the interface N in the channel 66. Therefore, by measuring the relatively high duration of the voltage output or signal from the photodetector 52 (corresponding to the time P during which light L only passes through the low-light-density layer on the slope 78), the controller 18 can determine the position of the interface N and, if necessary, take steps to correct the position of the interface N. An exemplary method for adjusting the position of the interface N is described in more detail in PCT Patent Application Publication No. WO 2018 / 053217 A1.

[0093] 2. Adjustment of the light source of the detection component

[0094] It should be understood that the light L from the light source 50 must reach the photodetector 52 to determine (and adjust) the position of the interface N. For example, Figure 24 A light source 50 is shown positioned relative to the first end wall 86 of the prism reflector 80, thereby allowing light L from the light source 50 to be transmitted through the prism reflector 80 and received by the photodetector 52. On the other hand, Figure 25 and Figure 26 A light source 50 is shown that is not aligned with the first end wall 86 of the prism reflector 80, which prevents light L from reaching the photodetector 52. Figure 25 In this orientation, the light source 50 is positioned too high relative to the first end wall 86, so that the light L does not strike any part of the prism reflector 80. Figure 26 In the orientation, the light source 50 is positioned too low relative to the first end wall 86, so that the light L will pass through the inner wall 82 of the prism reflector 80, but enter the prism reflector 80 at a position where the light L will not hit the first end wall 86.

[0095] For the immovable light source 50, the default position of the light source 50 adopts the specific orientation and position of the prism reflector 80, which depends on the correct installation and orientation of the centrifuge chamber 32 into the centrifuge chamber 34. Therefore, if the centrifuge chamber 32 is not correctly installed and oriented, the prism reflector 80 may not be able to correctly guide light L from the light source 50 to the photodetector 52. Even if the centrifuge chamber 32 is correctly installed and oriented, the prism reflector 80 may not be ideally positioned and / or oriented to guide light L from the light source 50 to the photodetector 52 (e.g., due to tolerance overlap and / or defects in the configuration of the centrifuge chamber 32).

[0096] According to one aspect of this disclosure, the interface monitoring component includes an adjustment system associated with and configured to adjust the position of the light source 50 relative to a fixed surface associated with the light source 50 within the centrifuge chamber 34. In the case of the light source 50 in the interface monitoring system, the position of the light source 50 is adjustable in a direction parallel to the rotation axis 38, wherein... Figure 27 An exemplary range of motion of the light source 50 is shown. Figure 27 Two extreme positions "A" and "B" of the light source 50 are shown, where A represents the lowest position that the light source 50 can be moved to by the adjustment system, and B represents the highest position that the light source 50 can be moved to by the adjustment system. It may be advantageous that extreme positions A and B are selected as positions where the light source 50 will not align with the first end wall 86 of the prism reflector 80. As will be explained in more detail, with this configuration, the controller 18 (or a separate controller associated with the adjustment system) can be able to determine the positions of the upper and lower edges of the first end wall 86 by controlling the adjustment system to move the light source 50 from one extreme position A, B to the other extreme position A, B. However, it should be understood that the adjustment system can achieve any range of motion of the light source 50 without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0097] The control system can be configured in various ways without departing from the scope of this disclosure, but in Figure 28In the illustrated embodiment, the adjustment system 90 includes a bracket 92 that receives at least a portion of the light source 50, a lead screw 94 associated with the bracket 92, and a stepper motor 96. The illustrated adjustment system 90 also includes a housing 98 that is fastened to a fixed surface of the centrifuge chamber 34 and defines an internal space therein where at least a portion of the bracket 92 and the lead screw 94 are located. The stepper motor 96 is shown as being fastened to the bottom end of the housing 98 and at least partially positioned outside the housing 98; however, it should be understood that the stepper motor 96 may be positioned inside the housing 98 without departing from the scope of this disclosure. However, positioning the stepper motor 96 inside the housing 98 may limit the range of motion of the bracket 92, making it preferable to position the stepper motor 96 at least partially outside the housing 98.

[0098] A stepper motor 96 is operatively associated with a lead screw 94 such that actuation of the stepper motor 96 (via controller 18 or a separate controller associated with the adjustment system 90) will rotate the lead screw 94. In the illustrated embodiment, the lower end (not visible) of the lead screw 94 is associated with the stepper motor 96, while the upper end of the lead screw 94 is rotatably received by a bearing 100 coupled to the upper end of the housing 98. The lead screw 94 is configured such that actuation of the stepper motor 96 will cause the lead screw 94 to rotate about its central axis without translational movement relative to the housing 98. The stepper motor 96 is reversible, wherein actuation of the stepper motor 96 in one direction (which may be referred to herein as the positive direction) causes rotation of the lead screw 94 in a first direction, while actuation of the stepper motor 96 in the opposite direction (which may be referred to herein as the reverse direction) causes rotation of the lead screw 94 in a second direction opposite to the first direction.

[0099] The lead screw 94 is associated with the bracket 92 such that rotation of the lead screw 94 is converted into movement of the bracket 92 along the lead screw 94, while the bracket 92 does not rotate when it moves along the lead screw 94. Rotation of the lead screw 94 in one direction via the stepper motor 96 will cause the bracket 92 (and thus the light source 50) to move in one direction (e.g., upward) along the lead screw 94, while rotation of the lead screw 94 in the opposite direction via the stepper motor 96 will cause the bracket 92 (and thus the light source 50) to move in the opposite direction (e.g., downward). The orientation and configuration of the lead screw 94 define the range of motion of the bracket 92 and the light source 50. In the illustrated embodiment, the elongated lead screw 94 extends in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation 38, thereby limiting the movement of the bracket 92 and the light source 50 in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation 38.

[0100] Figures 29 to 31 The illustration shows the rotation of the lead screw 94 in one direction, which causes the bracket 92 to move from the exemplary initial position ( Figure 29 ) Towards the middle position ( Figure 30) and toward the exemplary final location ( Figure 31 The guide screw 94 rotates in the opposite direction, causing the bracket 92 to move from its final position ( Figure 31 ) Towards the initial position ( Figure 29 Move in the direction of ). The initial position can correspond to Figure 27 One of the extreme positions A is the ultimate position, and the final position corresponds to Figure 27 Another extreme position B. Figure 29 and Figure 31 The initial position of bracket 92 and light source 50 is shown as the lowest position, and the final position is the highest position. However, it should be understood that the initial position can be used interchangeably with the highest position. Figure 31 ), and the final position is the lowest position ( Figure 29 In either case, the light source 50 can... Figure 29 and Figure 31 In its initial and final positions, it is positioned not to align with the first end wall 86 of the prism reflector 80 (as described above), but... Figure 30 It is aligned with the first end wall 86 in the middle position.

[0101] The adjustment system 90 may include additional components without departing from the scope of this disclosure. For example, the adjustment system 90 may also include an in-situ sensor 102 associated with and configured to determine when the bracket 92 is in its initial or in-situ position. A second sensor 104 may be provided to determine when the bracket 92 is in some other position (e.g., a final position).

[0102] It should be understood that the illustrated adjustment system 90 is merely exemplary, and the adjustment system for adjusting the position of the light source of the detection component can be configured in different ways without departing from the scope of this disclosure. For example, while the combination of stepper motor 96 and lead screw 94 may be advantageous (because the operation of stepper motor 96 can be precisely controlled and the number of steps taken can be determined, indicating the position of light source 50), other mechanisms for adjusting the position of the light source are employed within the scope of this disclosure. Alternative mechanisms include (but are not limited to): pneumatic or hydraulic cylinders, piezoelectric actuators, cam actuators, telescopic linear actuators, and magnetic linear motors, which may preferably allow for tracking of the position of the light source.

[0103] Regardless of the specific configuration of the conditioning system and the associated light source, the conditioning system can be controlled to perform one or more routines to determine an optimal or at least acceptable position for the light source (referred to herein as the "monitoring" position). Since the alignment and configuration of the monitored component do not tend to change during operation, a single adjustment to the position of the light source may suffice. In one embodiment, the position of the light source is calibrated during the infusion phase, in which brine is pumped through the fluid flow loop 12 to infuse the fluid flow loop 12. This may be preferable to adjusting the light source during active processing, as various factors (e.g., the nature of the fluids separated during the fluid separation process) can make assessing the alignment of the light source more difficult. However, it should be understood that the conditioning system according to this disclosure can be used to move the light source of the detection component at any time, including repositioning the light source multiple times in a single process.

[0104] Figures 32 to 34 Three possible methods for determining the monitoring position of the light source 50 for the interface monitoring component are shown. It should be understood that these methods are merely exemplary and other methods may be employed without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Furthermore, although these routines are presented in the context of adjusting the position of the light source 50 of the interface monitoring component, it should be understood that the principles illustrated by these routines can be used to adjust the position of the light source of detection components configured in different ways.

[0105] exist Figure 32 In the routine, the centrifuge chamber 32 rotates about the rotation axis 38, as in Figure 32 As indicated by 200. The rotational speed of the centrifuge chamber 32 may vary without departing from the scope of this disclosure. In one embodiment, the rotational speed is the speed at which the centrifuge chamber 32 rotates during active processing to separate blood (this speed may be approximately 4,500 rpm).

[0106] The target or expected pulse width is calculated based on the rotational speed of the centrifugal separation chamber 32, such as in... Figure 32 As indicated by 202. In the illustrated embodiment, the target pulse width (PW) target Use the following formula to calculate:

[0107] In formula (1):

[0108] Prism Arc Length is the arc length of the prism reflector 80 about the axis of rotation 32.

[0109] Cent RPM is the rotational speed of the centrifuge chamber 32, and

[0110] LowG Circumference is the perimeter of the lowG sidewall portion 58 of the centrifugal separation chamber 32.

[0111] PW target Corresponding to from Figure 23 The pulse width of the signal transmitted by the photodetector 52 shown represents the full-intensity signal transmitted by the photodetector 52 over the entire arc length of the prism reflector 80 during one rotation of the centrifugal separation chamber 32. As described above, the photodetector 52 will transmit an elevated signal only when the prism reflector 80 rotates through the path of the light L emitted by the light source 50, and not when the prism reflector 80 is not aligned with the light L.

[0112] Next, move the light source 50 to its original or initial position, such as in Figure 32 As indicated by 204. In the case where the adjustment system 90 employs a stepper motor 96 and one or more sensors 102, 104, the light source 50 is moved until it is determined to be in its initial position, and then the position step counter is set to zero (i.e., "home"). In an alternative embodiment, the adjustment system 90 may instead be commanded to return the light source 50 to its home or initial position at the end of each process, rather than during the calibration phase.

[0113] When the light source 50 is in its initial position, the adjustment system 90 is commanded to move the light source 50 a predetermined distance (e.g., a predetermined number of steps in the case where the adjustment system 90 employs a stepper motor 96), as in Figure 32 As indicated by 206. In the illustrated embodiment, the signal from the photodetector 52 is not analyzed when the light source 50 is in its initial position because the initial position has been selected to position the light source 50 not aligned with the first end wall 86 of the prism reflector 80 (i.e., in the "non-monitoring" position). However, in an embodiment where the initial position is selected such that the light source 50 can be aligned with the first end wall 86 of the prism reflector 80 (i.e., in a potential monitoring position), the signal from the photodetector 52 can be analyzed when the light source 50 is in its initial position.

[0114] In either case, the signal from photodetector 52 (if any) is analyzed to determine its amplitude (AMP) and pulse width (PW), as in Figure 32 As indicated by 208. The amplitude is compared to the minimum amplitude or threshold (threshold), as shown in... Figure 32 As indicated by 210. The threshold is selected to determine whether the signal from the photodetector 52 is a high-intensity signal, and therefore can vary in magnitude from device to device. In one embodiment, the threshold is selected as Figure 23The percentage of the full-intensity signal amplitude shown (e.g., the threshold is equal to 80%, 85%, or 90% of the full-intensity signal amplitude, which can be determined experimentally and is device-specific).

[0115] When the amplitude of the signal from photodetector 52 is less than the minimum amplitude or threshold (including the case where photodetector 52 does not transmit a signal), the adjustment system 90 is commanded to move the light source 50 to another position (in Figure 32 The arrows (indicated by points 210 to 206) indicate a position further from the initial position than the position of the light source 50 when the previous signal was analyzed. The signal from the photodetector 52 (if present) is then analyzed as the light source 50 is in the new position to determine the amplitude and pulse width of the signal (e.g., at 208), while comparing the amplitude of the new signal to a minimum amplitude or threshold (e.g., at 210). This process is repeated until the light source 50 is in a position where the signal from the photodetector 52 has an amplitude at least equal to the minimum amplitude or threshold.

[0116] When the amplitude of the signal from photodetector 52 is at least equal to the minimum amplitude or threshold, the pulse width of the signal is compared with the target pulse width, such as in... Figure 32 As indicated by 212. In the illustrated embodiment, the signal is analyzed to determine whether its pulse width is sufficiently close to or at least approximately equal to the target pulse width. This comparison is... Figure 32 The following formula represents the middle:

[0117] PW target –range <PW<PW target +range(2), where range is the permissible difference between the target pulse width and the measured pulse width. The size of range can vary without departing from the scope of this disclosure; in one embodiment, range is 20 μs. It should be understood that... Figure 32 The illustration depicts an exemplary method for comparing a measured pulse width with a target pulse width. For example, in another embodiment, different upper and lower range values ​​may be used. In yet another embodiment, the measured pulse width may be required to be equal to a target or expected pulse width.

[0118] If the measured pulse width satisfies Formula 2, it is considered sufficiently close to or at least approximately equal to the target pulse width. Otherwise, if the measured pulse width does not satisfy Formula 2, the adjustment system 90 is commanded to move the light source 50 to another position (in...). Figure 32The arrows (indicated by points 212 to 206) indicate a position further from the initial position than the position of the light source 50 when the previous signal was analyzed. The signal from the photodetector 52 (if present) is then analyzed as the light source 50 is in the new position to determine the amplitude and pulse width of the signal (e.g., at 208), while comparing the amplitude of the new signal to a minimum amplitude or threshold (e.g., at 210) and the pulse width of the new signal to a target pulse width (e.g., at 212). This process is repeated until the light source 50 is positioned where the signal from the photodetector 52 has an amplitude at least equal to the minimum amplitude or threshold and a pulse width sufficiently close to or at least approximately equal to the target pulse width.

[0119] Upon first determining that the measured pulse width of the signal is equal to or at least approximately equal to the target or expected pulse width and the signal amplitude is at least equal to the minimum amplitude, the controller 18 (or some other controller associated with the adjustment system 90) determines that the current position of the light source 50 is the monitoring position and controls the adjustment system 90 to stop moving the light source 50. Therefore, Figure 32 The algorithm identifies the first acceptable monitoring position, rather than moving the light source 50 across the entire range of motion of the adjustment system 90 to find the optimal position. This approach can be advantageous when the focus is on quickly identifying an acceptable position for the light source 50.

[0120] Turn now Figure 33 The routine, its initial steps are the same as Figure 32 The routine is the same. The centrifuge chamber 32 rotates about the rotation axis 38 (as in...). Figure 33 (As indicated by 300), use Formula 1 to calculate the target or expected pulse width (as shown in...). Figure 33 (as indicated by 302), and move the light source 50 to its original or initial position (as indicated in 302). Figure 33 (As indicated by Section 304). (As mentioned above regarding...) Figure 32 As indicated in the routine, the adjustment system 90 may alternatively be commanded to return the light source 50 to its home or initial position at the end of each process rather than during the calibration phase.

[0121] As in Figure 32 As in the routine, when the light source 50 is in its initial position, the adjustment system 90 is commanded to move the light source 50 a predetermined distance (e.g., in...). Figure 33 The signal (indicated by 306) and from the photodetector 52 (if any) are analyzed to determine its amplitude and pulse width (as shown in 306). Figure 33 (As indicated by Section 308). (As mentioned above regarding...) Figure 32As described in the routine, in the illustrated embodiment, the signal from the photodetector 52 is not analyzed when the light source 50 is in its initial position because this initial position has been selected such that the light source 50 is not aligned with the first end wall 86 of the prism reflector 80 (i.e., in the "non-monitoring" position). However, in an embodiment where the initial position is selected such that the light source 50 can be aligned with the first end wall 86 of the prism reflector 80 (i.e., in the possible monitoring position), the signal from the photodetector 52 can be analyzed when the light source 50 is in its initial position.

[0122] As in Figure 32 As in the routine, the amplitude is compared with the minimum amplitude or threshold, as in Figure 33 As indicated by 310. When the amplitude of the signal from photodetector 52 is less than a minimum amplitude or threshold (which includes the case where photodetector 52 does not transmit a signal), controller 18 (or another controller associated with conditioning system 90) determines (as will be defined below) whether one or more acceptable signals have been received from photodetector 52, as shown in Figure 33 As indicated by 312.

[0123] When the initial position of the light source 50 is selected as a non-monitoring position (e.g., Figure 27 When at one of the extreme positions A and B shown in the diagram, at least one (and usually more than one) measurement will be performed before an acceptable signal has been received. In this case, the adjustment system 90 is commanded to move the light source 50 to another position (in Figure 33 The arrows (indicated by points 312 to 306) indicate a position further from the initial position than the position of the light source 50 when the previous signal was analyzed. The signal from the photodetector 52 is then analyzed as the light source 50 is in the new position to determine the amplitude and pulse width of the signal (e.g., at 308), while comparing the amplitude of the new signal to a minimum amplitude or threshold (e.g., at 310). This process is repeated until the light source 50 is positioned where the signal from the photodetector 52 has an amplitude at least equal to the minimum amplitude or threshold.

[0124] When the amplitude of the signal from photodetector 52 is at least equal to the minimum amplitude or threshold, the pulse width of the signal is compared with the target pulse width, such as in... Figure 33 As indicated by 314. In the illustrated embodiment, Formula 2 is used to analyze the signal to determine whether its pulse width is sufficiently close to or at least approximately equal to the target pulse width. As mentioned above regarding Figure 32 As explained in the routines, it should be understood that... Figure 33The illustration depicts an exemplary method for comparing a measured pulse width with a target pulse width. In other exemplary methods, different upper and lower range values ​​may be used, or the measured pulse width may be required to be equal to the target or expected pulse width.

[0125] If the measured pulse width satisfies Formula 2, it is considered to be sufficiently close to or at least approximately equal to the target pulse width (thus making the signal suitable for use in...). Figure 33 The analysis performed in step 312 is for the “acceptable signal”. Otherwise, if the measured pulse width does not satisfy Formula 2, the controller 18 (or another controller associated with the regulation system 90) again determines whether one or more acceptable signals (as defined above) have been received from the photodetector 52, as in Figure 33 As indicated by 312.

[0126] As described above, when the initial position of the light source 50 is selected as a non-monitoring position, at least one (and usually more than one) measurement will be performed before an acceptable signal has been received. In this case, the adjustment system 90 is commanded to move the light source 50 to another position (again, as in...). Figure 33 The arrows (indicated by points 312 to 306) indicate a position further from the initial position than the position of the light source 50 when the previous signal was analyzed. The signal from the photodetector 52 (if any) is then analyzed as the light source 50 is in the new position to determine the amplitude and pulse width of the signal (e.g., at 308), while comparing the amplitude of the new signal to a minimum amplitude or threshold (e.g., at 310) and the pulse width of the new signal to a target pulse width (e.g., at 314). This process is repeated until the light source 50 is positioned where the signal from the photodetector 52 has an amplitude at least equal to the minimum amplitude or threshold and a pulse width sufficiently close to or at least approximately equal to the target pulse width.

[0127] When the measured pulse width of the signal is determined to be either equal to or at least approximately equal to the target or expected pulse width and the signal amplitude is at least equal to the minimum amplitude, the controller 18 (or some other controller associated with the conditioning system 90) determines whether the signal is a first acceptable signal that has been received from the photodetector 52, as in Figure 33 As indicated by 316. If so, the current position of the light source 50 is understood to be aligned with the first or front edge of the first end wall 86 of the prism reflector 80 (the light source 50 was not aligned with the first end wall 86 in all previous positions). In the illustrated embodiment, where the light source 50 moves upward from the lower limit position A toward the higher limit position B, the first or front edge of the first end wall 86 will be the lower edge of the first end wall 86.

[0128] The light source 50 is then moved again (e.g., at 306), and the amplitude and pulse width of the signal from the photodetector 52 are subsequently analyzed (e.g., at 308, 310, and 314). When a subsequent signal is acceptable (which typically occurs immediately after the first edge of the first endwall 86 of the prism reflector 80 has been identified), the controller 18 (or some other controller associated with the adjustment system 90) again determines whether the signal is the first acceptable signal that has been received from the photodetector 52 (again, e.g., at 316). Since the signal is not the first acceptable signal that has been received, the controller 18 (or some other controller associated with the adjustment system 90) calculates the distance that the light source 50 has traveled while aligned with the first endwall 86 of the prism reflector 80 (i.e., after the photodetector 52 has transmitted an acceptable signal), as shown in... Figure 33 As indicated by 318. This can be determined using any suitable method, and it can vary depending on the nature of the adjustment system 90. In the illustrated embodiment (where a stepper motor 96 is employed), this distance is determined using the following formula:

[0129] signalSteps = signalSteps + moveSteps (3), in formula (3):

[0130] signalSteps is the sum of the number of steps the stepper motor 96 has taken when the light source 50 is aligned with the first end wall 86 of the prism reflector 80, and

[0131] moveSteps is the number of steps that the stepper motor 96 has moved since the previous signal was received.

[0132] Therefore, when executed first Figure 33During the analysis represented by step 318, signalSteps will be zero and then (by increasing moveSteps according to Equation 3) updated to be equal to moveSteps. As long as the photodetector 52 continues to transmit an acceptable signal (instructing the light source 50 to remain aligned with the first endwall 86 of the prism reflector 80), the process of moving the light source 50 (as at 306), subsequently analyzing the amplitude and pulse width of the signal from the photodetector 52 (as at 308, 310, and 314), and updating signalSteps (as at 318) will be repeated. It will be observed that when the light source 50 moves the same distance during each iteration of the loop, signalSteps will be equal to moveSteps multiplied by the number of times the analysis of step 318 has been performed (e.g., if moveSteps equals 5 steps and step 318 has been performed 7 times, then signalSteps will equal 35). However, it should be understood that the light source 50 does not necessarily move the same distance during each iteration of the loop, making this not always the case.

[0133] The loop continues until the photodetector 52 transmits an unacceptable signal. It should be understood that when the photodetector 52 finally transmits an acceptable signal, the position of the light source 50 is where the light source 50 is aligned with the second or rear edge of the prism reflector 80 (wherein, the light source 50 is aligned with the first end wall 86 at all positions between the light source 50 and the front or rear edge of the first end wall 86). In the illustrated embodiment, where the light source 50 moves upward from the lower limit position A toward the higher limit position B, the second or rear edge of the first end wall 86 will be the upper edge of the first end wall 86.

[0134] Once photodetector 52 transmits an unacceptable signal, the routine returns to the analysis in step 312. At this point, controller 18 (or some other controller associated with the conditioning system 90) will determine the acceptable signal previously received from photodetector 52. Figure 33The arrows indicate the direction of travel from 312 to 320. At step 320, controller 18 (or some other controller associated with adjustment system 90) commands adjustment system 90 to operate in the opposite direction until light source 50 has been moved to align with the midpoint of the first end wall 86 of prism reflector 80. This distance is determined by dividing the distance over which the photodetector 52 transmits an acceptable signal (which is equal to signalSteps in the illustrated embodiment) by 2. As previously described, photodetector 52 transmits an acceptable signal between the position where light source 50 is aligned with the first or front edge of the first end wall 86 and the position where light source 50 is aligned with the second or rear edge of the first end wall 86, such that dividing this distance by 2 will equal the distance that light source 50 must travel in the opposite direction from the rear edge of the first end wall 86 to reach the midpoint of the first end wall 86 (i.e., signalSteps / 2 in the illustrated embodiment).

[0135] If the expected distance between the front and rear edges of the first endwall 86 of the prism reflector 80 is known, the position of the midpoint of the first endwall 86 can be determined alternatively based solely on the position of the front edge of the first endwall 86. Specifically, once the position of the front edge of the first endwall 86 has been identified (i.e., once the first acceptable signal has been transmitted by the photodetector 52), the adjustment system 90 can be commanded to move the light source 50 a distance equal to half the (known) distance between the front and rear edges of the first endwall 86, thereby reaching the midpoint of the first endwall 86. This method may be faster than scanning the entire first endwall 86, but it may be less accurate because the actual distance between the front and rear edges of the first endwall 86 may differ slightly from the expected distance. Therefore, when the environment allows for both methods, the choice between them can be based on prioritizing either speed or accuracy.

[0136] When the light source 50 is aligned with the midpoint of the first end wall 86 of the prism reflector 80, the controller 18 (or some other controller associated with the adjustment system 90) will determine whether the signal transmitted by the photodetector 52 is acceptable, such as in Figure 33 As indicated by 322. In the illustrated embodiment, the acceptability of a signal is determined by comparing the measured amplitude to a minimum amplitude or threshold and comparing the measured pulse width to a target or expected pulse width (as in the analyses performed at 310 and 314, respectively). However, several other criteria may be chosen to determine whether a signal is acceptable within the scope of this disclosure.

[0137] If the signal is acceptable, the current position of the light source 50 is considered the monitoring position, and the adjustment system 90 is commanded to stop moving the light source 50. Otherwise, if the signal is unacceptable (which should not be the case), the calibration phase is repeated, as in... Figure 33 As indicated by the arrows extending from 322 to 304.

[0138] and Figure 32 Compared to the algorithm (which finds the first acceptable position for light source 50), Figure 33 The algorithm may take longer to identify light source 50 and move it to the monitoring position. However, the execution... Figure 33 The final position of the light source 50 generated by the algorithm is compared to that generated by the execution Figure 32 The algorithm may produce a final position that tends to generate a stronger signal. Therefore, Figure 33 The algorithm may be advantageous when the strength of the signal from the photodetector 52 (which is equivalent to the alignment of the light source 50 with the first endwall 86 of the prism reflector 80) is emphasized to exceed the speed at which the light source 50 moves to its monitoring position.

[0139] Turn now Figure 34 The routine, its initial steps are the same as Figure 32 and Figure 33 The routine is the same. The centrifuge chamber 32 rotates about the rotation axis 38 (as in...). Figure 34 (As indicated by 400), use Formula 1 to calculate the target or expected pulse width (as shown in...). Figure 34 (as indicated by 402 in the middle), and move the light source 50 to its original or initial position (as in the middle). Figure 34 (As indicated by 404). As mentioned above regarding Figure 32 As indicated in the routine, the adjustment system 90 may alternatively be commanded to return the light source 50 to its home or initial position at the end of each process rather than during the calibration phase.

[0140] As in Figure 32 and Figure 33 As in the routine, when the light source 50 is in its initial position, the adjustment system 90 is commanded to move the light source 50 a predetermined distance (e.g., in...). Figure 34 The signal (indicated by 406) and from the photodetector 52 (if any) are analyzed to determine its amplitude and pulse width (as shown in 406). Figure 34 (As indicated by Section 408). (As mentioned above regarding...) Figure 32 As described in the routine, in the illustrated embodiment, the signal from the photodetector 52 is not analyzed when the light source 50 is in its initial position because this initial position has been selected such that the light source 50 is not aligned with the first end wall 86 of the prism reflector 80 (i.e., in the "non-monitoring" position). However, in an embodiment where the initial position is selected such that the light source 50 can be aligned with the first end wall 86 of the prism reflector 80 (i.e., in the possible monitoring position), the signal from the photodetector 52 can be analyzed when the light source 50 is in its initial position.

[0141] As in Figure 32 and Figure 33 As in the routine, the amplitude of the signal is compared with the minimum amplitude or threshold, such as in Figure 34 As indicated by 410. When the amplitude of the signal from photodetector 52 is less than a minimum amplitude or threshold (which includes the case where photodetector 52 does not transmit a signal), controller 18 (or another controller associated with conditioning system 90) determines (as in...) Figure 33 Whether one or more acceptable signals have been received from photodetector 52 (as defined in the above discussion of the routine) Figure 34 As indicated by 412.

[0142] As described above, when the initial position of the light source 50 is selected as a non-monitoring position (e.g., Figure 27 When at one of the extreme positions A and B shown in the diagram, at least one (and usually more than one) measurement will be performed before an acceptable signal has been received. In this case, the adjustment system 90 is commanded to move the light source 50 to another position (in Figure 34 The arrows (indicated by points 412 to 406) indicate a position further from the initial position than the position of the light source 50 when the previous signal was analyzed. The signal from the photodetector 52, if present, is then analyzed as the light source 50 is in the new position to determine the amplitude and pulse width of the signal (e.g., at 408), while comparing the amplitude of the new signal to a minimum amplitude or threshold (e.g., at 410). This process is repeated until the light source 50 is positioned where the signal from the photodetector 52 has an amplitude at least equal to the minimum amplitude or threshold.

[0143] When the amplitude of the signal from photodetector 52 is at least equal to the minimum amplitude or threshold, the pulse width of the signal is compared with the target pulse width, such as in... Figure 34 As indicated by 414. In the illustrated embodiment, Formula 2 is used to analyze the signal to determine whether the pulse width of the signal is sufficiently close to or at least approximately equal to the target pulse width. As mentioned above regarding... Figure 32 As explained in the routines, it should be understood that... Figure 34 The illustration depicts an exemplary method for comparing a measured pulse width with a target pulse width. In other exemplary methods, different upper and lower range values ​​may be used, or the measured pulse width may be required to be equal to the target or expected pulse width.

[0144] If the measured pulse width satisfies Formula 2, it is considered to be sufficiently close to or at least approximately equal to the target pulse width (i.e., the signal is close to the target pulse width for...). Figure 34The analysis performed in step 412 is "acceptable," and the characteristics of the signal (e.g., its amplitude, pulse width, and the position of the light source 50 when the signal is transmitted) are preserved, as in Figure 34 As indicated by 416. Otherwise, if the measured pulse width does not satisfy Formula 2 (i.e., if the signal is not "acceptable"), the characteristics of the signal are not preserved. In either case, the light source 50 moves again (e.g., at 406), and the amplitude and pulse width of the signal from the photodetector 52 are subsequently analyzed (e.g., at 408, 410, and 414) and the characteristics of the signal (if acceptable) are preserved.

[0145] The next time a signal with an amplitude less than the minimum amplitude or threshold is detected in step 408 (including when photodetector 52 fails to transmit a signal because light source 50 is not aligned with the first endwall 86 of prism reflector 80), controller 18 (or some other controller associated with adjustment system 90) again determines whether an acceptable signal has previously been received from photodetector 52 (again, as at 412). Since an acceptable signal has been received, controller 18 (or some other controller associated with adjustment system 90) moves to the final analysis step, which... Figure 34 China and Israel 418 directive.

[0146] In the final analysis step 418, controller 18 (or some other controller associated with adjustment system 90) determines the monitoring position of light source 50. In the illustrated embodiment, this is accomplished by comparing the characteristics of the stored signal (at step 416) and selecting the position of light source 50 when the signal with the maximum amplitude is transmitted by photodetector 52. It will be observed that... Figure 34 During the execution of the routine, the light source 50 will be moved (in one direction) to align with and then not align with the first end wall 86 of the prism reflector 80, such that all acceptable positions of the light source 50 are considered during this analysis step 418. The signal with the maximum amplitude corresponds to the position where the light source 50 is optimally aligned with the first end wall 86, such that... Figure 34 The algorithm not only determined the acceptable location for the light source 50, but also the optimal location for the light source 50.

[0147] For example, when the photodetector 52 is saturated, there may be multiple signals with the same amplitude. In that case, any one of those signals can be selected to determine the monitoring position for the light source 50. Otherwise, the pulse widths of these signals can be compared, where the pulse width is used to select the signal for determining the monitoring position for the light source 50. In one embodiment, the signal with the pulse width closest to the calculated pulse width is selected to determine the monitoring position for the light source 50, while in another embodiment, the signal with the largest pulse width is selected.

[0148] In any case, once one of the signals has been selected, the adjustment system 90 is commanded to move the light source 50 to the position it was in when the selected signal was transmitted by the photodetector 52. Figure 32 and Figure 33 Compared to the algorithm, Figure 34 The algorithm may take longer and require more computation or operations to identify light source 50 and move it to the monitoring position. However, the execution... Figure 34 The final position of the light source 50 generated by the algorithm is compared to that generated by the execution Figure 32 and Figure 33 The algorithm will tend to produce a stronger signal at the final position. Therefore, Figure 34 The algorithm may be advantageous when it prioritizes the strength of the signal from the photodetector 52 (and therefore the alignment of the light source 50 with the first end wall 86 of the prism reflector 80).

[0149] Furthermore, it should be understood that the adjustment system 90 shown in the diagram and Figures 32 to 34 The algorithm described herein is merely exemplary and specific to adjusting the position of the light source 50 of an interface monitoring component with a particular configuration. Without departing from the scope of this disclosure, the principles described herein (including: providing a movable light source, evaluating the intensity of a signal transmitted by an associated photodetector when the light source is moved, using at least one of the signals as a basis for determining the monitoring position for the light source, and moving the light source to that monitoring position) can be adapted for use with detection components configured in different ways.

[0150] aspect

[0151] Aspect 1. A fluid processing apparatus, the fluid processing apparatus comprising: a detection component including a light source, an adjustment system, and a photodetector, the light source being associated with a component of the fluid processing apparatus, disposed in an initial position relative to the component of the fluid processing apparatus, and configured to emit light; the adjustment system being associated with the light source and configured to adjust the position of the light source relative to the component of the fluid processing apparatus; the photodetector being configured to receive at least a portion of the light from the light source and generate a signal indicating the amount of light received by the photodetector; and a controller configured to receive the signal from the photodetector and control the adjustment system to move the light source relative to the component of the fluid processing apparatus to a monitoring position, at least in part based on the signal.

[0152] Aspect 2. The fluid processing apparatus according to aspect 1, wherein the controller is configured to: (a) receive and analyze the signal from the photodetector; (b) control the adjustment system to move the light source to different positions; and (c) repeat (a) and (b) for multiple different positions of the light source before controlling the adjustment system to move the light source to the monitoring position.

[0153] Aspect 3. The fluid processing apparatus according to Aspect 2, wherein the controller is configured to: analyze the signal from the photodetector to determine the pulse width and amplitude of the signal; compare the pulse width of the signal with a expected pulse width, and compare the amplitude of the signal with a minimum amplitude for at least one position of the light source; and, upon first determining that the pulse width of the signal is either equal to the expected pulse width or at least approximately equal to the expected pulse width and the amplitude of the signal is at least equal to the minimum amplitude, determine the current position of the light source as the monitoring position and control the adjustment system to stop moving the light source.

[0154] Aspect 4. The fluid processing apparatus according to Aspect 2, wherein the controller is configured to: (a) analyze the signal from the photodetector to determine the amplitude of the signal; (b) when determining that the amplitude of the signal is at least equal to a minimum amplitude, analyze the signal to determine the pulse width of the signal, and compare the pulse width of the signal with an expected pulse width; (c) repeat (a) and (b) for the plurality of different positions of the light source; (d) determine a first position of the light source, at the first position, where the amplitude of the signal is at least equal to the minimum amplitude, and the pulse width of the signal is either equal to the expected pulse width or at least approximately equal to the expected pulse width; (e) determine a final position of the light source, at the final position, where the amplitude of the signal is at least equal to the minimum amplitude, and the pulse width of the signal is either equal to the expected pulse width or at least approximately equal to the expected pulse width; and (f) determine that the monitoring position is located midway between the first position and the final position.

[0155] Aspect 5. The fluid processing apparatus according to aspect 2, wherein the controller is configured to: (a) analyze the signal from the photodetector to determine the amplitude of the signal; (b) when determining that the amplitude of the signal is at least equal to a minimum amplitude, analyze the signal to determine the pulse width of the signal, and compare the pulse width of the signal with an expected pulse width; repeat (a) and (b) for the plurality of different locations of the light source; when determining that the plurality of locations of the light source are present, compare the amplitude of the signal for the plurality of locations, at which the signal is at least equal to the minimum amplitude, and the pulse width of the signal is equal to or at least approximately equal to the expected pulse width; and determine that the monitoring location is one of the plurality of locations where the signal from the photodetector has the maximum amplitude.

[0156] Aspect 6. The fluid processing apparatus according to aspect 5, wherein the controller is configured to: when determining that the signal from the photodetector has the maximum amplitude at at least two locations of the light source, compare the pulse width of the signal for the at least two locations; and determine the monitoring location at one of the at least two locations where the pulse width of the signal is closest to the expected pulse width.

[0157] Aspect 7. The fluid processing apparatus according to any of the preceding aspects, wherein the initial position of the light source is selected as a non-monitoring position.

[0158] Aspect 8. The fluid processing apparatus according to any of the preceding aspects further includes a centrifugal separator configured to rotate about a rotation axis, wherein the adjustment system is configured to move the light source in a direction parallel to the rotation axis.

[0159] Aspect 9. The fluid processing apparatus according to aspect 8, wherein the light source is configured to emit the light in a plane orthogonal to the axis of rotation, and the photodetector is configured to receive the at least portion of the light in a direction at least substantially parallel to the axis of rotation.

[0160] Aspect 10. The fluid processing apparatus according to any of the preceding aspects, wherein the light source is associated with a fixed component of the fluid processing apparatus.

[0161] Aspect 11. The fluid processing apparatus according to any of the preceding aspects, wherein the adjustment system includes a bracket, a lead screw, and a stepper motor, the bracket receiving at least a portion of the light source, the lead screw being associated with the bracket, and the stepper motor being configured to be actuated by the controller to rotate the lead screw, thereby moving the bracket and the light source relative to the components of the fluid processing apparatus.

[0162] Aspect 12. The fluid processing apparatus according to any of the preceding aspects, wherein the conditioning system includes an in-situ sensor configured to determine the initial position of the light source relative to the component of the fluid processing apparatus.

[0163] Aspect 13. A method for adjusting the position of a light source of a detection component, the detection component including a light source and a photodetector, the light source being associated with and positioned relative to a component of a fluid processing apparatus in an initial position, the method comprising: emitting light from the light source; receiving at least a portion of the light through the photodetector and generating a signal indicating the amount of light received by the photodetector; and moving the light source relative to the component of the fluid processing apparatus to a monitoring position based at least in part on the signal.

[0164] Aspect 14. The method according to aspect 13, comprising: (a) receiving and analyzing the signal from the photodetector; (b) moving the light source to different locations; and (c) repeating (a) and (b) for a plurality of different locations of the light source before moving the light source to the monitoring location.

[0165] Aspect 15. The method according to aspect 14, further comprising: analyzing the signal from the photodetector to determine the pulse width and amplitude of the signal; comparing the pulse width of the signal with a expected pulse width, and comparing the amplitude of the signal with a minimum amplitude for at least one position of the light source; and determining the current position of the light source as the monitoring position and stopping the movement of the light source when it is first determined that the pulse width of the signal is either equal to the expected pulse width or at least approximately equal to the expected pulse width and the amplitude of the signal is at least equal to the minimum amplitude.

[0166] Aspect 16. The method according to aspect 14, further comprising: (a) analyzing the signal from the photodetector to determine the amplitude of the signal; (b) upon determining that the amplitude of the signal is at least equal to a minimum amplitude, analyzing the signal to determine a pulse width of the signal and comparing the pulse width of the signal with an expected pulse width; (c) repeating (a) and (b) for the plurality of different positions of the light source; (d) determining a first position of the light source, at the first position, where the amplitude of the signal is at least equal to the minimum amplitude, and the pulse width of the signal is either equal to the expected pulse width or at least approximately equal to the expected pulse width; (e) determining a final position of the light source, at the final position, where the amplitude of the signal is at least equal to the minimum amplitude, and the pulse width of the signal is either equal to the expected pulse width or at least approximately equal to the expected pulse width; and (f) determining that the monitoring position is located midway between the first position and the final position.

[0167] Aspect 17. The method according to aspect 14, further comprising: (a) analyzing the signal from the photodetector to determine the amplitude of the signal; (b) when determining that the amplitude of the signal is at least equal to a minimum amplitude, analyzing the signal to determine a pulse width of the signal, and comparing the pulse width of the signal with a expected pulse width; repeating (a) and (b) for the plurality of different locations of the light source; when determining that the plurality of locations of the light source are present, comparing the amplitude of the signal for the plurality of locations, at the plurality of locations, the signal being at least equal to the minimum amplitude and the pulse width of the signal being equal to or at least approximately equal to the expected pulse width; and determining that the monitoring location is at one of the plurality of locations where the signal from the photodetector has the maximum amplitude.

[0168] Aspect 18. The method according to aspect 17, further comprising: when determining that the signal from the photodetector has a maximum amplitude at at least two locations of the light source, comparing the pulse width of the signal for the at least two locations; and determining that the monitoring location is at one of the at least two locations where the pulse width of the signal is closest to the expected pulse width.

[0169] Aspect 19. The method according to any one of aspects 13 to 18, wherein the initial position of the light source is selected as a non-monitoring position.

[0170] Aspect 20. The method according to any one of aspects 13 to 19, wherein the light source is configured to move in a direction parallel to the rotation axis of the centrifugal separator.

[0171] It will be understood that the embodiments and examples described above illustrate some applications of the principles of the subject matter of this invention. Many modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the claimed subject matter, including combinations of features separately disclosed or claimed herein. For these reasons, the scope of the invention is not limited to the above description but is set forth in the appended claims, and it should be understood that the claims are applicable to features of the invention, including combinations of features separately disclosed or claimed herein.

Claims

1. A fluid processing apparatus, comprising: Detection component, the detection component includes: A light source, associated with a component of the fluid processing apparatus, disposed in an initial position relative to the component of the fluid processing apparatus, and configured to emit light. An adjustment system, associated with and configured to adjust the position of the light source relative to the components of the fluid processing apparatus, and A photodetector configured to receive at least a portion of the light from the light source and generate a signal indicating the amount of light received by the photodetector; and A controller configured to receive the signal from the photodetector and control the adjustment system to move the light source relative to the component of the fluid handling device to a monitoring position, at least in part based on the signal, wherein the initial position of the light source is controlled by the controller in conjunction with the adjustment system to a non-monitoring position, in which light emitted by the light source is not received by the photodetector.

2. The fluid processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The controller is configured to: (a) Receiving and analyzing the signal from the photodetector, (b) Control the adjustment system to move the light source to different positions, and (c) Repeat (a) and (b) for multiple different locations of the light source before controlling the adjustment system to move the light source to the monitoring position.

3. The fluid processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein, The controller is configured to: The signal from the photodetector is analyzed to determine the pulse width and amplitude of the signal. The pulse width of the signal is compared with the expected pulse width, and the amplitude of the signal is compared with the minimum amplitude for at least one position of the light source. When it is first determined that the pulse width of the signal is either equal to or at least approximately equal to the expected pulse width and the amplitude of the signal is at least equal to the minimum amplitude, the current position of the light source is determined as the monitoring position and the adjustment system is controlled to stop moving the light source.

4. The fluid processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein, The controller is configured to: (d) Analyze the signal from the photodetector to determine the amplitude of the signal. (e) When it is determined that the amplitude of the signal is at least equal to the minimum amplitude, the signal is analyzed to determine the pulse width of the signal, and the pulse width of the signal is compared with the expected pulse width. (f) Repeat (d) and (e) for the plurality of different positions of the light source. (g) Determine a first position of the light source, at which the amplitude of the signal is at least equal to the minimum amplitude, and the pulse width of the signal is either equal to the expected pulse width or at least approximately equal to the expected pulse width. (h) Determine the final position of the light source, at which the amplitude of the signal is at least equal to the minimum amplitude, and the pulse width of the signal is either equal to the expected pulse width or at least approximately equal to the expected pulse width. (i) Determine that the monitoring location is located in the middle between the first location and the last location.

5. The fluid processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein, The controller is configured to: (d) Analyze the signal from the photodetector to determine the amplitude of the signal. (e) When it is determined that the amplitude of the signal is at least equal to the minimum amplitude, the signal is analyzed to determine the pulse width of the signal, and the pulse width of the signal is compared with the expected pulse width. Repeat (d) and (e) for the multiple different positions of the light source. When multiple locations of the light source are determined to exist, the amplitude of the signal for the multiple locations is compared, wherein at the multiple locations, the signal is at least equal to the minimum amplitude, and the pulse width of the signal is equal to or at least approximately equal to the expected pulse width. The monitoring location is determined to be one of the plurality of locations where the signal from the photodetector has the maximum amplitude.

6. The fluid processing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein, The controller is configured to: When it is determined that the signal from the photodetector has the maximum amplitude at at least two locations of the light source, the pulse widths of the signal for the at least two locations are compared, and The monitoring location is determined to be at one of the at least two locations where the pulse width of the signal is closest to the expected pulse width.

7. The fluid processing apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims further includes a centrifugal separator configured to rotate about a rotation axis, wherein, The adjustment system is configured to move the light source in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation.

8. The fluid processing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein, The light source is configured to emit light in a plane orthogonal to the axis of rotation, and The photodetector is configured to receive at least a portion of the light in a direction at least substantially parallel to the axis of rotation.

9. The fluid handling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, The light source is associated with a fixed component of the fluid processing device.

10. The fluid handling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, The regulating system includes: A bracket that receives at least a portion of the light source. A lead screw, which is associated with the bracket, and A stepper motor, configured to be actuated by the controller to rotate the lead screw, thereby moving the bracket and the light source relative to the components of the fluid handling apparatus.

11. The fluid handling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, The adjustment system includes an in-situ sensor configured to determine the initial position of the light source relative to the component of the fluid processing device.

12. A method for implementing a controller to adjust the position of a light source of a detection component, the detection component including a light source and a photodetector, the light source being associated with and positioned in an initial position relative to a component of a fluid handling apparatus, the method comprising: Light is emitted from the light source; The light is received by the photodetector at least a portion thereof and a signal indicating the amount of light received by the photodetector is generated. as well as The adjustment system is controlled at least in part based on the signal to move the light source relative to the component of the fluid handling device to a monitoring position, wherein the initial position of the light source is controlled by the controller in conjunction with the adjustment system to a non-monitoring position, in which light emitted by the light source is not received by the photodetector.

13. The method of claim 12, comprising: (a) Receiving and analyzing the signal from the photodetector, (b) Moving the light source to different positions, and (c) Repeat (a) and (b) for multiple different locations of the light source before moving the light source to the monitoring location.

14. The method of claim 13, further comprising: The signal from the photodetector is analyzed to determine the pulse width and amplitude of the signal. The pulse width of the signal is compared with the expected pulse width, and the amplitude of the signal is compared with the minimum amplitude for at least one position of the light source. When it is first determined that the pulse width of the signal is either equal to or at least approximately equal to the expected pulse width and the amplitude of the signal is at least equal to the minimum amplitude, the current position of the light source is determined as the monitoring position and the movement of the light source is stopped.

15. The method of claim 13, further comprising: (d) Analyze the signal from the photodetector to determine the amplitude of the signal. (e) When it is determined that the amplitude of the signal is at least equal to the minimum amplitude, the signal is analyzed to determine the pulse width of the signal and the pulse width of the signal is compared with the expected pulse width. (f) Repeat (d) and (e) for the plurality of different positions of the light source. (g) Determine a first position of the light source, at which the amplitude of the signal is at least equal to the minimum amplitude, and the pulse width of the signal is either equal to the expected pulse width or at least approximately equal to the expected pulse width. (h) Determine the final position of the light source, at which the amplitude of the signal is at least equal to the minimum amplitude, and the pulse width of the signal is either equal to the expected pulse width or at least approximately equal to the expected pulse width. (i) Determine that the monitoring location is located in the middle between the first location and the last location.

16. The method of claim 13, further comprising: (d) Analyze the signal from the photodetector to determine the amplitude of the signal. (e) When it is determined that the amplitude of the signal is at least equal to the minimum amplitude, the signal is analyzed to determine the pulse width of the signal, and the pulse width of the signal is compared with the expected pulse width. Repeat (d) and (e) for the multiple different positions of the light source. When multiple locations of the light source are determined to exist, the amplitude of the signal for the multiple locations is compared, wherein at the multiple locations, the signal is at least equal to the minimum amplitude and the pulse width of the signal is equal to or at least approximately equal to the expected pulse width. The monitoring location is determined to be one of the plurality of locations where the signal from the photodetector has the maximum amplitude.

17. The method of claim 16, further comprising: When determining that the signal from the photodetector has the maximum amplitude at at least two locations of the light source, the pulse widths of the signal for the at least two locations are compared, and The monitoring location is determined to be at one of the at least two locations where the pulse width of the signal is closest to the expected pulse width.

18. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 17, wherein, The light source is configured to move in a direction parallel to the rotation axis of the centrifuge.

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