Control system, emergency starting power supply and smart battery clamp

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses a control system, an emergency starting power supply and an intelligent battery clamp, the control system comprising a microcontroller MCU, a first voltage detection module, a switch module, an emergency starting power supply, a load, a control module and a power output port; the power output port is electrically connected with the load; the first end of the switch module is connected with the internal battery pack of the emergency starting power supply, and the second end of the switch module is electrically connected with the load through the power output port; the first voltage detection module generates a load voltage signal according to the voltage of the load; the MCU receives the load voltage signal and generates a first control signal according to the load voltage signal; the first voltage detection module generates a second control signal according to the connection polarity of the load; and the control module controls the switch module to be in an off state or a conduction state under the joint control of the first control signal and the second control signal. The embodiment of the application can improve the safety and reliability of the control system.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electronic circuits, in particular to a control system, an emergency starting power supply and an intelligent battery clamp. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, when the intelligent battery clamp and the emergency starting power supply on the market are electrically connected with the automobile storage battery, if the intelligent battery clamp is connected with the automobile storage battery in error, the system internal circuit or the battery will be easily damaged, and even in serious cases, a safety accident may be caused. SUMMARY

[0003] The control system, the emergency starting power supply and the intelligent battery clamp provided by the embodiments of the present application can improve the safety and reliability of the control system.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a control system, comprising a microcontroller MCU, a first voltage detection module, a switch module, an emergency starting power supply, a load, a control module and a power output port.

[0005] The power output port is electrically connected with the load.

[0006] The first end of the switch module is connected with the internal battery pack of the emergency starting power supply, and the second end of the switch module is electrically connected with the load through the power output port; and the control end of the switch module is electrically connected with the control module.

[0007] The first voltage detection module is configured to detect the voltage of the load and generate a load voltage signal according to the voltage of the load.

[0008] The MCU is configured to receive the load voltage signal sent by the first voltage detection module through the first input end of the MCU, and generate a first control signal according to the load voltage signal.

[0009] The first voltage detection module is further configured to detect the connection polarity of the load and generate a second control signal according to the connection polarity of the load.

[0010] The control module is configured to control the switch module to be in an off state or a conductive state under the joint control of the first control signal and the second control signal.

[0011] Optionally, the control module comprises an AND gate.

[0012] The output end of the MCU is connected with the first input end of the AND gate, the output end of the first voltage detection module is connected with the second input end of the AND gate, and the output end of the AND gate is connected with the control end of the switch module.

[0013] Optionally, the first voltage detection module comprises an optocoupler, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a first diode and a first capacitor; the optocoupler comprises a light emitting diode and a light sensitive triode;

[0014] The first end of the first resistor is connected to a power supply end, and the second end of the first resistor is connected to the second input end of the AND gate and the collector of the light sensitive triode; the first end of the load is connected to the first end of the second resistor and the first end of the fourth resistor, and the second end of the second resistor is connected to the negative electrode of the light emitting diode; the second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the first end of the third resistor, the first end of the fifth resistor and the negative electrode of the first diode, and the second end of the fifth resistor is connected to the first end of the first capacitor and the first input end of the MCU; the emitter of the light sensitive triode, the positive electrode of the light emitting diode, the second end of the third resistor, the positive electrode of the first diode and the second end of the first capacitor are grounded.

[0015] Optionally, the MCU generates a first control signal according to the load voltage signal, specifically:

[0016] In the case that the voltage value corresponding to the load voltage signal is located in a first voltage interval, the MCU generates a first low-level signal;

[0017] In the case that the voltage value corresponding to the load voltage signal is located in a second voltage interval, the MCU generates a first high-level signal, the first voltage interval and the second voltage interval have no intersection, and the lower limit value of the second voltage interval is greater than or equal to the upper limit value of the first voltage interval.

[0018] Optionally, the first voltage detection module generates a second control signal according to the connection polarity of the load, specifically:

[0019] The first voltage detection module generates a second high-level signal in the case that the load is in polarity positive connection;

[0020] The first voltage detection module generates a second low-level signal in the case that the load is in polarity reverse connection.

[0021] Optionally, the control system further comprises a wake-up module, the wake-up module is used to send an interrupt signal to the second input end of the MCU through the output end of the wake-up module in the case that the voltage of the load is greater than a first threshold value, and the interrupt signal is used to switch the MCU from a sleep state or a standby state to a normal working state.

[0022] Optionally, the wake-up module comprises a first voltage comparator, a second voltage comparator, a second diode, a third diode and a sixth resistor;

[0023] The power supply end is connected to the power supply end of the first voltage comparator, the power supply end of the second voltage comparator and the first end of the sixth resistor, and the ground end of the first voltage comparator and the ground end of the second voltage comparator are grounded.

[0024] The non-inverting input end of the first voltage comparator is connected to a first reference voltage, the inverting input end of the first voltage comparator is connected to the load voltage signal, the output end of the first voltage comparator is connected to the negative electrode of the second diode, the positive electrode of the second diode is connected to the second end of the sixth resistor and the positive electrode of the third diode and the output end of the wake-up module.

[0025] The non-inverting input end of the second voltage comparator is connected to the load voltage signal, the inverting input end of the second voltage comparator is connected to a second reference voltage, and the output end of the second voltage comparator is connected to the negative electrode of the third diode.

[0026] Optionally, the control system further comprises a voltage stabilizing power supply module, the voltage stabilizing power supply module comprises a fourth diode, a fifth diode and a low dropout linear regulator (LDO), the positive electrode of the fourth diode is connected to the positive electrode of the internal battery pack, the negative electrode of the fourth diode is connected to the negative electrode of the fifth diode and the input end of the LDO, the positive electrode of the fifth diode is connected to the positive electrode of the load, and the output end of the LDO is the power supply end.

[0027] Optionally, the control system further comprises a second voltage detection module, the second voltage detection module is used for detecting the voltage of the internal energy storage device of the emergency starting power supply, and the output of the second voltage detection module is electrically connected to the third input end of the MCU.

[0028] Optionally, the second voltage detection module comprises a seventh resistor and an eighth resistor, the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor constitute a proportional voltage dividing circuit, the first end of the seventh resistor is connected to the positive electrode of the internal energy storage device, the second end of the seventh resistor is connected to the third input end of the MCU and the first end of the eighth resistor, and the second end of the eighth resistor is connected to the negative electrode of the internal energy storage device.

[0029] Optionally, the control system further comprises a key input module, when the key input module receives a key activation signal, the key input module sends an interrupt signal to the MCU, and the interrupt signal is used for switching the MCU from a sleep state or a standby state to a normal working state.

[0030] Optionally, the control system further comprises a current detector arranged between the power output port and the load, for detecting a discharge current when the internal battery pack discharges to the load;

[0031] In a case where the discharge current is greater than an overcurrent threshold or a short-circuit threshold, the current detector sends an overcurrent protection signal or a short-circuit protection signal to the MCU;

[0032] The MCU controls the switch module to be in an open state according to the overcurrent protection signal or the short-circuit protection signal.

[0033] Optionally, the control system further comprises a bidirectional current detection sensor arranged between the power output port and the load, for detecting a discharge state or a charging state of the internal battery pack;

[0034] In a case where the internal battery pack is in the charging state, the bidirectional current detection sensor sends a charging protection signal to the MCU;

[0035] The MCU controls the switch module to be in an open state according to the charging protection signal.

[0036] Optionally, the control system further comprises a state indication module connected with the MCU, for realizing state indication of the control system, wherein the state indication comprises working state indication and alarm prompt.

[0037] Optionally, the load comprises any one or any combination of a storage battery, a super capacitor, a lithium battery, a motor and a heater.

[0038] In a second aspect, an emergency starting power supply is provided, comprising the microcontroller MCU, the first voltage detection module, the switch module, the control module and the internal battery pack of the first aspect of the application;

[0039] The internal battery pack is electrically connected with a first end of the switch module, a second end of the switch module is electrically connected with a load, and a control end of the switch module is electrically connected with the control module.

[0040] The first voltage detection module is configured to detect a voltage of the load and generate a load voltage signal according to the voltage of the load.

[0041] The MCU is configured to receive the load voltage signal sent by the first voltage detection module through a first input end of the MCU, and generate a first control signal according to the load voltage signal.

[0042] The first voltage detection module is further configured to detect a connection polarity of the load, and generate a second control signal according to the connection polarity of the load.

[0043] The control module is configured to control the switch module to be in an off state or an on state under common control of the first control signal and the second control signal.

[0044] In a third aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides an intelligent battery clamp, which comprises the microcontroller MCU, the first voltage detection module, the switch module, the control module, the power output port and the power input port in the first aspect of the present application.

[0045] The power input port is electrically connected with an internal battery pack of an emergency starting power supply, and the power output port is electrically connected with a load (for example, the positive electrode of the power output port is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the load, and the negative electrode of the power output port is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the load, in which case the polarity of the load is connected in positive; for another example, the positive electrode of the power output port is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the load, and the negative electrode of the power output port is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the load, in which case the polarity of the load is connected in negative); the positive electrode of the power output port corresponds to the positive electrode of the battery clamp, and the negative electrode of the power output port corresponds to the negative electrode of the battery clamp.

[0046] The first end of the switch module is electrically connected with the internal battery pack through the power input port, and the second end of the switch module is electrically connected with the load through the power output port; and the control end of the switch module is electrically connected with the control module.

[0047] The first voltage detection module is configured to detect the voltage of the load, and generate a load voltage signal according to the voltage of the load.

[0048] The MCU is configured to receive the load voltage signal sent by the first voltage detection module through the first input end of the MCU, and generate a first control signal according to the load voltage signal.

[0049] The first voltage detection module is further configured to detect a connection polarity of the load, and generate a second control signal according to the connection polarity of the load.

[0050] The control module is configured to control the switch module to be in an off state or an on state under common control of the first control signal and the second control signal.

[0051] The embodiment of the application provides a control system, a first voltage detection module detects the voltage of a load, and generates a load voltage signal according to the voltage of the load; an MCU receives the load voltage signal sent by the first voltage detection module through a first input end of the MCU, and generates a first control signal according to the load voltage signal; the first voltage detection module detects the connection polarity of the load, and generates a second control signal according to the connection polarity of the load; and a control module controls a switch module to be in an open state or a conductive state under the joint control of the first control signal and the second control signal. The embodiment of the application can control the switch module to be in the open state or the conductive state under the joint control of the first voltage detection module and the MCU, compared with the case that the MCU is used alone to control the switch module, in the case that the connection polarity of the load is wrong (for example, the polarity is reversely connected), even if the MCU fails, the switch module can also be prevented from being conductive, so that the safety and reliability of the control system are improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0052] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort on the basis of these drawings.

[0053] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a control system provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0054] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of another control system provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0055] Figure 3 is a specific structural schematic diagram of each part of a control system provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0056] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of another control system provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0057] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a wake-up module provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0058] Figure 6 is a simulation result schematic diagram of a wake-up module provided by the embodiment of the application

[0059] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a voltage stabilizing power supply module provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0060] Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of another control system provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0061] Figure 9 is a structural schematic diagram of an emergency starting power supply provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0062] Figure 10 is a structural schematic diagram of an intelligent battery clamp provided by an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without making any creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0064] The terms "first", "second", and the like in the specification of the present application, the claims, and the above drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but can optionally include steps or units not listed, or can optionally include other steps or units inherent to the process, method, product, or device.

[0065] In the present application, the phrase "embodiment" means that the specific features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase at various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment to other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in the present application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0066] The embodiments of the present application provide a control system, an emergency starting power supply, and an intelligent battery clamp. Under the common control of a first voltage detection module and an MCU, a switch module can be in an off state or a conductive state. Compared with using an MCU alone to control the switch module, in the case of a connection error of a polarity of a load (for example, reverse connection), even if the MCU fails, the switch module can be prevented from being conductive, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the control system. The following will be described in detail respectively.

[0067] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a control system provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 1As shown, the control system described in the embodiment includes a microcontroller MCU 10, a first voltage detection module 20, a switch module 30, an emergency starting power supply 40, a load 50, a power output port 60, and a control module 70.

[0068] The power output port 60 is electrically connected to the load 50.

[0069] The first end of the switch module 30 is connected to the internal battery pack 41 of the emergency starting power supply 40, and the second end of the switch module 30 is electrically connected to the load 50 through the power output port 60. The control end of the switch module 30 is electrically connected to the control module 70.

[0070] The first voltage detection module 20 is configured to detect the voltage of the load 50 and generate a load voltage signal according to the voltage of the load 50.

[0071] The MCU 10 is configured to receive the load voltage signal sent by the first voltage detection module 20 through the first input end of the MCU and generate a first control signal according to the load voltage signal.

[0072] The first voltage detection module 20 is further configured to detect the connection polarity of the load 50 and generate a second control signal according to the connection polarity of the load 50.

[0073] The control module 70 is configured to control the switch module 30 to be in an off state or an on state under the joint control of the first control signal and the second control signal.

[0074] The control system in the embodiment can be used to detect whether the polarity of the load 50 is reversed and can also be used to detect the voltage of the load 50.

[0075] The load 50 can include any one or any combination of an automobile storage battery (which can also be referred to as an automobile battery), a super capacitor, and a lithium battery. The automobile storage battery can also be referred to as an automobile battery. The automobile storage battery can include a conventional lead-acid storage battery. When the polarity of the load is reversed, the load can cause damage to the current loop in which the load is located (for example, burn out components in the current loop, cause damage to the internal battery pack 41 of the emergency starting power supply 40, etc.).

[0076] The automobile storage battery can provide a strong starting current for the starter (such as an automobile motor) to start the engine when the automobile starts the engine. After the automobile engine is started, the automobile generator can be started to supply power to all electrical equipment (such as air conditioning, audio, cigarette lighter, windshield wiper, etc.) in the automobile except the starter. When the generator is overloaded, the automobile storage battery can also assist the generator to supply power to the electrical equipment. When the engine is idling, the automobile storage battery can also supply power to the electrical equipment. The generator can also charge the automobile storage battery.

[0077] The switch module 30 can be any one of a power electronic switch, a relay, and a field effect transistor (FET). The field effect transistor can include a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET). The switch module 30 can be turned on at a high level and turned off at a low level. When the switch module 30 is turned on, the internal battery pack 41 of the emergency starting power supply 40 is electrically connected to the load 50 through the power output port 60, and at this time, the internal battery pack 41 can provide energy to the load 50. When the switch module 30 is turned off, the internal battery pack 41 of the emergency starting power supply 40 is disconnected from the load 50. If the first voltage detection module 20 detects that the polarity of the load 50 is reversed, the control module 70 controls the switch module 30 to be in an off state under the joint control of the first control signal output by the MCU 10 and the second control signal output by the first voltage detection module 20, so as to avoid damage to the entire control system.

[0078] The emergency starting power supply 40, which can also be referred to as an automobile emergency starting power supply, is a multifunctional portable mobile power supply developed for users who travel by car. The emergency starting power supply 40 can act as a backup power supply to start the automobile when the automobile storage battery is out of power or cannot start the automobile due to other reasons.

[0079] The emergency starting power supply 40 can include an internal battery pack 41, which can be a lead-acid storage battery or a lithium polymer battery (such as a lithium battery). The emergency starting power supply 40 can provide energy supplement to the automobile storage battery, and can also be directly used to provide energy output required for starting the automobile engine.

[0080] The power output port 60 is electrically connected with the load 50, when the load 50 is insufficient, the internal battery group 41 can charge the load 50 through the power output port 60. In the case of starting the car, the car generator can also charge the load 50, when the internal battery group 41 is insufficient, the car generator can also charge the internal battery group 41. The car generator can charge the load 50 and the internal battery group 41 at the same time.

[0081] The power output port 60 can correspond to the clamp of the battery clamp (including the positive clamp and the negative clamp of the battery clamp).

[0082] The first voltage detection module 20 can identify the connection polarity of the load 50, and can also detect the voltage of the load 50.

[0083] The control system in the embodiment of the application can control the switch module to be in the off state or the on state under the joint control of the first voltage detection module and the MCU, compared with using the MCU alone to control the switch module, in the case of the connection polarity error (such as the reverse connection) of the load, even if the MCU fails, the switch module can also be prevented from being on, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the control system.

[0084] Optionally, the control module 70 includes an AND gate; the output end of the MCU 10 is connected with the first input end of the AND gate, the output end of the first voltage detection module 20 is connected with the second input end of the AND gate, and the output end of the AND gate is connected with the control end of the switch module 30.

[0085] When the first control signal and the second control signal are both high level, the AND gate outputs high level to the switch module 30, the switch module 30 is in the on state, and the internal battery group 41 of the emergency starting power supply 40 is allowed to be electrically connected with the load 50. When any one of the first control signal and the second control signal is low level, the AND gate outputs low level to the switch module 30, the switch module 30 is in the off state, and the output of the internal battery group 41 of the emergency starting power supply 40 to the load 50 is prohibited.

[0086] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of another control system provided by the embodiment of the application. Figure 2 is Figure 1 further optimized, as shown in Figure 2 The control system described in the embodiment can also include a second voltage detection module 90, the second voltage detection module 90 is used for detecting the voltage of the internal energy storage device of the emergency starting power supply 40, and the output of the second voltage detection module 90 is electrically connected to the third input end of the MCU 10.

[0087] The internal energy storage device of the emergency starting power supply 40 can include an internal battery pack 41 or a capacitor of the emergency starting power supply 40.

[0088] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 is a specific structure diagram of parts of a control system provided by the embodiment of the application. As Figure 3 shown, the second voltage detection module 90 includes a seventh resistor R7 and an eighth resistor R8, the seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8 constitute a proportional voltage dividing circuit, a first end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to a positive electrode of the internal energy storage device, a second end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to a third input end of the MCU 10 and a first end of the eighth resistor R8, and a second end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to a negative electrode of the internal energy storage device.

[0089] Wherein, R7 and R8 constitute a proportional voltage dividing circuit, and the voltage of the third input end of the MCU 10 is equal to V1*R7 / (R7+R8), wherein V1 is the voltage of the internal energy storage device of the emergency starting power supply 40. Specifically, V1 is the voltage of the internal battery pack 41 of the emergency starting power supply 40.

[0090] The embodiment of the application can realize voltage detection of the internal energy storage device of the emergency starting power supply 40 through the second voltage detection module 90, so that the MCU 10 can monitor the voltage of the internal battery pack 41 of the emergency starting power supply 40, and then determine whether to charge the internal battery pack 41, thereby avoiding the situation that the internal battery pack 41 is insufficient. For example, the MCU 10 can charge the internal battery pack 41 through the generator in the case of generator starting when detecting that the voltage of the internal battery pack 41 is lower than the second threshold value. For example, the second threshold value can be equal to 70% of the voltage of the internal battery pack 41 in the full power state.

[0091] Wherein, when the second voltage detection module 90 is applied in the smart battery clamp, the second voltage detection module 90 can also distinguish the signal transmitted to the MCU 10 through the data communication line from the starting power supply.

[0092] As Figure 3 shown, the first voltage detection module 20 includes an optocoupler U1, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a first diode D1 and a first capacitor C1; the optocoupler U1 includes a light emitting diode D L and a photosensitive triode T1;

[0093] The first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the power supply terminal VDD, and the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the second input terminal of the AND gate and the collector of the phototransistor T1; the first end of the load 50 is connected to the first end of the second resistor R2 and the first end of the fourth resistor R4, and the second end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the light-emitting diode D. L The negative terminal of the first diode D1 is connected to the first terminal of the third resistor R3, the first terminal of the fifth resistor R5, and the negative terminal of the first diode D1. The second terminal of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the first terminal of the first capacitor C1 and the first input terminal of the MCU10. The emitter of the phototransistor T1 and the light-emitting diode D1 are connected to the negative terminal of the first diode D1. L The positive terminal of the first diode, the second terminal of the third resistor R3, the positive terminal of the first diode D1, and the second terminal of the first capacitor C1 are grounded.

[0094] VDD is the power supply terminal, which is the stable voltage provided by the voltage regulator module, typically 3.3V or 5V. The voltage level corresponding to VDD is high. R1 is a pull-up resistor. When the optocoupler U1 has no output, it maintains the second control signal output from the first voltage detection module 20 to the second terminal of the AND gate as VDD, which is high.

[0095] High and low levels are logic levels, and different analog voltages can correspond to either high or low levels. For example, a low level corresponds to an analog voltage of 0–0.25V, while a high level corresponds to an analog voltage of 2.5–5V.

[0096] R2 is a current-limiting resistor, used in the LED D. L When conducting, the flow through this D is limited. L The current prevents D L It was burned out. R3, R4, and D1 form a proportional voltage divider circuit. When the load is 50Ω positively connected, it ensures that the load voltage signal received by the first input terminal of MCU10 (such as...) Figure 3 The voltage value corresponding to Car_BAT_Sens_TO_MCU shown is proportional to the voltage of load 50. R5 and C1 form a filter circuit to ensure that the load voltage signal received at the first input terminal of MCU10 does not fluctuate significantly in a short period of time.

[0097] The following explanation Figure 3 The working principle of the first voltage detection module 20 in the middle, Figure 3 The load 50 in the example is a car battery (also referred to as a car battery).

[0098] When the automobile battery is in the positive connection state, the optoelectronic coupler U1 and the MCU 10 jointly act, when the output (the collector of the photosensitive triode T1) of the optoelectronic coupler U1 and the output signal of the MCU 10 are high level at the same time, then the switch module 30 is allowed to close, namely the switch module 30 is in the on state.

[0099] Specifically, when the automobile battery is in the positive connection state, the anode of the light emitting diode D L in the optoelectronic coupler U1 is grounded, the cathode of the light emitting diode D L is connected to the anode of the automobile battery through R2, the voltage of the anode of the light emitting diode D L is less than the voltage of the cathode, the light emitting diode D L cannot conduct, the photosensitive triode T1 in the optoelectronic coupler U1 does not work, the voltage of the collector of the photosensitive triode T1 is pulled up by the pull-up resistor R1, and the output second control signal is high level. When the automobile battery is in the positive connection state, the voltage value corresponding to the load voltage signal received by the first input end of the MCU 10 is proportional to the voltage of the load 50, the voltage value corresponding to the load voltage signal is positive, and the first control signal (SW_Drive_from_MCU as shown in the figure) generated by the MCU 10 according to the load voltage signal is also high level. Figure 3

[0100] When the automobile battery is in the reverse connection state, the optoelectronic coupler U1 and the MCU 10 jointly act, when any one of the output (the collector of the photosensitive triode T1) of the optoelectronic coupler U1 and the output signal of the MCU 10 is low level, then the switch module 30 is prohibited to close, and the switch module 30 is kept in the off state.

[0101] Specifically, when the automobile battery is in the reverse connection state, the anode of the light emitting diode D L in the optoelectronic coupler U1 is connected to the anode of the automobile battery, the cathode of the light emitting diode D L is connected to the cathode of the automobile battery through R2, the voltage of the anode of the light emitting diode D L is greater than the voltage of the cathode, the light emitting diode D L conducts light emission, the photosensitive triode T1 in the optoelectronic coupler U1 generates a photocurrent due to the photoelectric effect under the condition of light emission of the light emitting diode D L , the photosensitive triode T1 conducts, the voltage of the collector of the photosensitive triode T1 is pulled down by the voltage of the emitter of the photosensitive triode T1, the voltage of the collector of the photosensitive triode T1 is close to 0V, and the output second control signal is low level. When the automobile battery is in the reverse connection state, the voltage value corresponding to the load voltage signal received by the first input end of the MCU 10 is proportional to the voltage of the load 50, the voltage value corresponding to the load voltage signal is negative, and the first control signal generated by the MCU 10 according to the load voltage signal is also low level.

[0102] ​Optionally, the MCU 10 generates a first control signal according to the load voltage signal, specifically:

[0103] In a case where the voltage value corresponding to the load voltage signal is located in a first voltage interval, the MCU 10 generates a first low-level signal.

[0104] In a case where the voltage value corresponding to the load voltage signal is located in a second voltage interval, the MCU 10 generates a first high-level signal, the first voltage interval has no intersection with the second voltage interval, and the lower limit value of the second voltage interval is greater than or equal to the upper limit value of the first voltage interval.

[0105] In the embodiment of the application, in a case where the load 50 is in polarity reverse connection, the load voltage signal varies in proportion to the positive voltage of the load 50, the voltage value corresponding to the load voltage signal is located in the first voltage interval, the first voltage interval is less than or equal to 0V, and the MCU 10 generates the first low-level signal at this time. In a case where the load 50 is in polarity positive connection, the load voltage signal varies in proportion to the positive voltage of the load 50, the voltage value corresponding to the load voltage signal is located in the second voltage interval, the second voltage interval is greater than or equal to 0V, and the MCU 10 generates the first high-level signal at this time.

[0106] Optionally, the first voltage detection module 20 generates a second control signal according to the connection polarity of the load, specifically:

[0107] The first voltage detection module 20 generates a second high-level signal in a case where the load 50 is in polarity positive connection.

[0108] The first voltage detection module 20 generates a second low-level signal in a case where the load 50 is in polarity reverse connection.

[0109] In a case where the load 50 is in polarity positive connection, the anode of the light-emitting diode D L in the optocoupler U1 is grounded, the cathode of the D L is connected to the positive pole of the automobile battery through R2, the positive voltage of the D L is less than the negative voltage, the D L cannot be turned on, the phototriode T1 in the optocoupler U1 does not work, the collector of the phototriode T1 is affected by the pull-up resistor R1, and the output second control signal is high level.

[0110] The control system in the embodiments of the present application can control the switch module to be in an off state or a conductive state under the joint control of the first voltage detection module and the MCU. Compared with controlling the switch module using the MCU alone, in the case of a connection error of the polarity of the load (for example, reverse connection), even if the MCU fails, the switch module can be prevented from being conductive, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the control system.

[0111] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of another control system provided by the embodiments of the present application, Figure 4 is further optimized on the basis of Figure 1 . As shown in Figure 4 , the control system can further include a wake-up module 80, which is configured to send an interrupt signal to a second input end of the MCU 10 through an output end of the wake-up module 80 in the case where the voltage of the load 50 is greater than a first threshold value, and the interrupt signal is used to switch the MCU 10 from a sleep state or a standby state to a normal working state.

[0112] Optionally, as shown in Figure 5 , the wake-up module 80 includes a first voltage comparator X1, a second voltage comparator X2, a second diode D2, a third diode D3, and a sixth resistor R6.

[0113] The power supply end VDD is connected to a power supply end of the first voltage comparator X1, a power supply end of the second voltage comparator X2, and a first end of the sixth resistor R6, and a ground end of the first voltage comparator X1 and a ground end of the second voltage comparator X2 are grounded.

[0114] A same-phase input end of the first voltage comparator X1 is connected to a first reference voltage VREF_A, and an opposite-phase input end of the first voltage comparator X1 is connected to the load voltage signal (for example, Car_BAT_Sens_TO_MCU as shown in Figure 3 ), and an output end of the first voltage comparator X1 is connected to a negative electrode of the second diode D2, a positive electrode of the second diode D2 is connected to a second end of the sixth resistor R6 and a positive electrode of the third diode D3 and an output end of the wake-up module 80.

[0115] A same-phase input end of the second voltage comparator X2 is connected to the analog voltage signal or the load voltage signal, an opposite-phase input end of the second voltage comparator X2 is connected to a second reference voltage VREF_B, and an output end of the second voltage comparator X2 is connected to a negative electrode of the third diode D3.

[0116] The first reference voltage VREF_A and the second reference voltage VREF_B can be equal or not equal.

[0117] The non-inverting input end of the first voltage comparator X1 and the inverting input end of the second voltage comparator X2 input the same signal, which is Figure 3 Car_BAT_Sens_TO_MCU in FIG.

[0118] The load is taken as an example of the automobile battery. When the voltage of the automobile battery is greater than the first threshold value (for example, 5V), and for a 12V automobile battery, if the voltage is lower than 5V, it indicates that the automobile battery is likely to be unusable, and the MCU needs to be woken up for further polarity detection and voltage detection of the automobile battery.

[0119] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 is a simulation result schematic diagram of a wake-up module provided by the embodiment of the present application. As Figure 6 shown, when the voltage of the automobile battery is greater than the first threshold value (for example, 5V), whether the automobile battery is in a positive connection state or a reverse connection state, the wake-up module 80 can output a jump signal from high level to low level (as Figure 5 shown as Wake_up_to_MCU) to the interrupt input port of the MCU, thereby playing a function of waking up the MCU. From Figure 6 it can be seen that the first reference voltage VREF_A and the second reference voltage VREF_B are set differently. Figure 6 The wake-up circuit in FIG. is equivalent to the wake-up module 80. The 1# curve represents the jump signal from high level to low level output by the wake-up module when the automobile battery is in a positive polarity connection state, and the 2# curve represents the jump signal from high level to low level output by the wake-up module when the automobile battery is in a reverse polarity connection state.

[0120] Figure 7 Please refer to Figure 7 is a structure schematic diagram of a voltage stabilizing power supply module provided by the embodiment of the present application. As Figure 7 shown, the voltage stabilizing power supply module 91 includes a fourth diode D4, a fifth diode D5 and a low dropout linear regulator LDO. The anode of the fourth diode D4 is connected to the anode of the internal battery pack 41, the cathode of the fourth diode D4 is connected to the cathode of the fifth diode D5 and the input end Vin of the LDO, the anode of the fifth diode D5 is connected to the anode of the load 50, and the output end Vout of the LDO is the power supply end VDD.

[0121] The voltage stabilizing power module 91 receives correct DC voltage input and outputs a set accurate voltage to power the control system and related electronic components. The input of the voltage stabilizing power module 91 is connected to the positive pole of the internal battery pack and the positive pole of the load. The voltage stabilizing power module 91 can provide stable VDD (e.g., 3.3V or 5V) power supply for each functional module of the control system.

[0122] Optionally, the control system further comprises a key input module. When the key input module receives a key activation signal, the key input module sends an interrupt signal to the MCU, and the interrupt signal is used to switch the MCU from the sleep state or standby state to the normal working state.

[0123] The MCU can be awakened by the key input module receiving a key activation signal; after the MCU is activated, it enters the normal working state and outputs a corresponding state indication signal to the state indication module.

[0124] In some scenarios, for example, when the voltage of the car battery is less than 5V, the wake-up module 70 cannot work normally, at this time the user can press the key input module, and the MCU can be switched from the sleep state or standby state to the normal working state through the key input module.

[0125] Optionally, the control system further comprises a current detector, which is arranged between the power output port and the load, and is used to detect the discharge current when the internal battery pack discharges the load.

[0126] In the case where the discharge current is greater than the overcurrent threshold or the short-circuit threshold, the current detector sends an overcurrent protection signal or a short-circuit protection signal to the MCU.

[0127] The MCU controls the switch module to be in the open state according to the overcurrent protection signal or the short-circuit protection signal.

[0128] In the embodiment of the application, when the internal battery pack discharges the car battery through the closed switch module, the discharge output current passes through a current detection device such as a current resistor or a conductor to generate voltage information due to the flow of current, and then transmits the voltage information to the A / D input port of the MCU after passing through the voltage amplification circuit, and indirectly obtains the current information of the discharge output through A / D conversion and mathematical calculation. The MCU compares the actual output current value with the set threshold of the overcurrent or short-circuit state, and if the actual output current value is greater than the set threshold of the overcurrent or short-circuit state, the switch module is disconnected to cut off the output circuit. The current detector is arranged in the embodiment of the application, so that the control system has an output overcurrent and external load short-circuit protection mechanism.

[0129] Optionally, the control system further comprises a bidirectional current detection sensor arranged between the power output port and the load, for detecting whether the internal battery is in a discharging state or a charging state.

[0130] When the internal battery is in the charging state, the bidirectional current detection sensor sends a charging protection signal to the MCU.

[0131] The MCU controls the switch module to be in an open state according to the charging protection signal.

[0132] In the embodiment of the application, after the auxiliary starting of the automobile is completed, the generator in the automobile starts to work, and the voltage of the external automobile battery can be higher than the voltage of the internal battery of the emergency starting power source. Thus, the unsafe phenomenon of current backflow and internal battery recharging can occur. Once the engine starts, since a generator is also arranged on the engine, the generator starts to generate electricity when the engine motor rotates. At this time, the generator charges the storage battery and the internal battery in reverse, which is the current backflow. The bidirectional current detection sensor is used to detect the direction and current value of the output current in the embodiment of the application. The MCU receives the output from the bidirectional current detection sensor. The normal starting output is in the discharging direction. If the direction of the current is detected to be in the charging direction, the switch module is disconnected to cut off the output circuit.

[0133] Optionally, the control system further comprises a state indication module connected with the MCU, for realizing the state indication of the control system. The state indication comprises a working state indication and an alarm prompt.

[0134] In the embodiment of the application, the state indication module is composed of an LED indication lamp or a combination of an LED indication lamp and a buzzer.

[0135] The control system described above generally includes three products, namely, an emergency starting power supply, a battery clamp and a load. The emergency starting power supply includes an internal battery pack, the battery clamp includes a power input port and a power output port, and the load can be a vehicle storage battery (which can be referred to as a vehicle battery) and the like. The power input port of the battery clamp is connected with the internal battery pack, and the power output port of the battery clamp is connected with the vehicle battery. Specifically, the positive electrode of the power input port of the battery clamp is connected with the positive electrode of the internal battery pack, and the negative electrode of the power input port of the battery clamp is connected with the negative electrode of the internal battery pack. The positive electrode of the power output port of the battery clamp corresponds to the positive polarity clamp (which is generally red) of the battery clamp, and the negative electrode of the power output port of the battery clamp corresponds to the negative polarity clamp (which is generally black) of the battery clamp. Under normal circumstances, the positive polarity clamp of the battery clamp clamps the positive electrode of the vehicle battery, and the negative polarity clamp of the battery clamp clamps the negative electrode of the vehicle battery, at this time, the positive electrode of the power output port of the battery clamp is connected with the positive electrode of the vehicle battery, the negative electrode of the power output port of the battery clamp is connected with the negative electrode of the vehicle battery, and the vehicle battery is connected in polarity. In some cases, such as improper operation of the user, unprofessional maintenance

[0136] of personnel, the positive polarity clamp of the battery clamp clamps the negative electrode of the vehicle battery, and the negative polarity clamp of the battery clamp clamps the positive electrode of the vehicle battery, resulting in reverse connection of the vehicle battery.

[0137] Please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 is another control system provided by the embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 8 , the control system includes an emergency starting power supply, a battery clamp and a load. Figure 8 The battery clamp and the load in the control system are taken as an example of positive connection.

[0138] The MCU, the first voltage detection module, the control module and the switch module in the control system can be arranged in the emergency starting power supply, as shown in Figure 9 . They can also be arranged in the battery clamp, at this time, the battery clamp can be referred to as a smart battery clamp, as shown in Figure 10 .

[0139] The control system, the emergency starting power supply and the smart battery clamp provided by the embodiment of the present application are described in detail above, and the principle and implementation mode of the present application are described by applying specific examples in this paper. The above description of the embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present application; at the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, the specific implementation mode and application range will be changed, and the above description should not be understood as a limitation of the present application.

Claims

1. A control system, characterized in that, It includes a microcontroller (MCU), a first voltage detection module, a switching module, an emergency start-up power supply, a load, a control module, and a power output port; The power output port is electrically connected to the load. The first end of the switch module is connected to the internal battery pack of the emergency start-up power supply, and the second end of the switch module is electrically connected to the load through the power output port; the control end of the switch module is electrically connected to the control module. The first voltage detection module is used to detect the voltage of the load and generate a load voltage signal based on the voltage of the load. The MCU is configured to receive the load voltage signal sent by the first voltage detection module through the first input terminal of the MCU, generate a first control signal based on the load voltage signal, determine the connection polarity of the load based on the load voltage signal, and generate the first control signal based on the connection polarity of the load. The first voltage detection module is also used to detect the connection polarity of the load and generate a second control signal based on the connection polarity of the load; The control module is used to control the switch module to be in an open or closed state under the joint control of the first control signal and the second control signal. The control module includes AND gates; The output of the MCU is connected to the first input of the AND gate, the output of the first voltage detection module is connected to the second input of the AND gate, and the output of the AND gate is connected to the control terminal of the switch module.

2. The control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first voltage detection module includes an optocoupler, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a first diode, and a first capacitor; the optocoupler includes a light-emitting diode and a phototransistor; The first end of the first resistor is connected to the power supply terminal, and the second end of the first resistor is connected to the second input terminal of the AND gate and the collector of the phototransistor; the first end of the load is connected to the first end of the second resistor and the first end of the fourth resistor, and the second end of the second resistor is connected to the negative terminal of the light-emitting diode; the second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the first end of the third resistor, the first end of the fifth resistor and the negative terminal of the first diode, and the second end of the fifth resistor is connected to the first end of the first capacitor and the first input terminal of the MCU; the emitter of the phototransistor, the anode of the light-emitting diode, the second end of the third resistor, the anode of the first diode and the second end of the first capacitor are grounded.

3. The control system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The MCU generates a first control signal based on the load voltage signal, specifically as follows: When the voltage value corresponding to the load voltage signal is within the first voltage range, the MCU generates a first low-level signal; When the voltage value corresponding to the load voltage signal is within the second voltage range, the MCU generates a first high-level signal. The first voltage range and the second voltage range do not overlap, and the lower limit of the second voltage range is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the first voltage range.

4. The control system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first voltage detection module generates a second control signal based on the connection polarity of the load, specifically: When the load is in positive polarity, the first voltage detection module generates a second high-level signal; The first voltage detection module generates a second low-level signal when the load is connected in reverse polarity.

5. The control system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The control system further includes a wake-up module. When the voltage of the load is detected to be greater than a first threshold, the wake-up module sends an interrupt signal to the second input terminal of the MCU through its output terminal. The interrupt signal is used to switch the MCU from a sleep state or standby state to a normal working state.

6. The control system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The wake-up module includes a first voltage comparator, a second voltage comparator, a second diode, a third diode, and a sixth resistor; The power supply terminal is connected to the power supply terminal of the first voltage comparator, the power supply terminal of the second voltage comparator, and the first terminal of the sixth resistor; the ground terminals of the first voltage comparator and the ground terminals of the second voltage comparator are grounded. The non-inverting input of the first voltage comparator is connected to the first reference voltage, the inverting input of the first voltage comparator is connected to the load voltage signal, the output of the first voltage comparator is connected to the negative terminal of the second diode, and the positive terminal of the second diode is connected to the second terminal of the sixth resistor, the positive terminal of the third diode, and the output of the wake-up module. The non-inverting input of the second voltage comparator is connected to the load voltage signal, the inverting input of the second voltage comparator is connected to the second reference voltage, and the output of the second voltage comparator is connected to the negative terminal of the third diode.

7. The control system according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that, The control system further includes a voltage regulator module, which includes a fourth diode, a fifth diode, and a low-dropout linear regulator (LDO). The anode of the fourth diode is connected to the anode of the internal battery pack, the cathode of the fourth diode is connected to the cathode of the fifth diode and the input terminal of the LDO, the anode of the fifth diode is connected to the anode of the load, and the output terminal of the LDO is the power supply terminal.

8. The control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control system further includes a second voltage detection module, which is used to detect the voltage of the internal energy storage device of the emergency start-up power supply. The output of the second voltage detection module is electrically connected to the third input terminal of the MCU.

9. The control system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The second voltage detection module includes a seventh resistor and an eighth resistor. The seventh resistor and the eighth resistor form a proportional voltage divider circuit. The first end of the seventh resistor is connected to the positive terminal of the internal energy storage device. The second end of the seventh resistor is connected to the third input terminal of the MCU and the first end of the eighth resistor. The second end of the eighth resistor is connected to the negative terminal of the internal energy storage device.

10. The control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control system also includes a key input module. When the key input module receives a key activation signal, it sends an interrupt signal to the MCU. The interrupt signal is used to switch the MCU from a sleep state or standby state to a normal working state.

11. The control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control system also includes a current detector, which is disposed between the power output port and the load, and is used to detect the discharge current when the internal battery pack discharges to the load. If the discharge current exceeds the overcurrent threshold or short-circuit threshold, the current detector sends an overcurrent protection signal or a short-circuit protection signal to the MCU. The MCU controls the switching module to be in the off state based on the overcurrent protection signal or the short circuit protection signal.

12. The control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control system also includes a bidirectional current detection sensor, which is disposed between the power output port and the load, and is used to detect whether the internal battery pack is in a discharging or charging state. When the internal battery pack is charging, the bidirectional current detection sensor sends a charging protection signal to the MCU; The MCU controls the switching module to be in the off state according to the charging protection signal.

13. The control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control system also includes a status indication module, which is connected to the MCU to realize the status indication of the control system. The status indication includes working status indication and alarm prompt.

14. The control system according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, The load includes any one or any combination of a storage battery, a supercapacitor, a lithium battery, a motor, and a heater.

15. An emergency start-up power supply, characterized in that, Includes the microcontroller MCU, first voltage detection module, switch module, control module, and internal battery pack as described in any one of claims 1 to 14; The internal battery pack is electrically connected to the first terminal of the switch module, and the second terminal of the switch module is electrically connected to the load; the control terminal of the switch module is electrically connected to the control module. The first voltage detection module is used to detect the voltage of the load and generate a load voltage signal based on the voltage of the load. The MCU is configured to receive the load voltage signal sent by the first voltage detection module through the first input terminal of the MCU, generate a first control signal based on the load voltage signal, determine the connection polarity of the load based on the load voltage signal, and generate the first control signal based on the connection polarity of the load. The first voltage detection module is also used to detect the connection polarity of the load and generate a second control signal based on the connection polarity of the load; The control module is used to control the switch module to be in an open or closed state under the joint control of the first control signal and the second control signal. The control module includes AND gates; The output of the MCU is connected to the first input of the AND gate, the output of the first voltage detection module is connected to the second input of the AND gate, and the output of the AND gate is connected to the control terminal of the switch module.

16. A smart battery clamp, characterized in that, Includes the microcontroller MCU, first voltage detection module, switch module, control module, power output port, and power input port as described in any one of claims 1 to 14; The power input port is electrically connected to the internal battery pack of the emergency start-up power supply, and the power output port is electrically connected to the load. The first terminal of the switch module is electrically connected to the internal battery pack through the power input port, and the second terminal of the switch module is electrically connected to the load through the power output port; the control terminal of the switch module is electrically connected to the control module. The first voltage detection module is used to detect the voltage of the load and generate a load voltage signal based on the voltage of the load. The MCU is configured to receive the load voltage signal sent by the first voltage detection module through the first input terminal of the MCU, generate a first control signal based on the load voltage signal, determine the connection polarity of the load based on the load voltage signal, and generate the first control signal based on the connection polarity of the load. The first voltage detection module is also used to detect the connection polarity of the load and generate a second control signal based on the connection polarity of the load; The control module is used to control the switch module to be in an open or closed state under the joint control of the first control signal and the second control signal. The control module includes AND gates; The output of the MCU is connected to the first input of the AND gate, the output of the first voltage detection module is connected to the second input of the AND gate, and the output of the AND gate is connected to the control terminal of the switch module.

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