High-precision human shadow anti-aircraft gun azimuth detection method and variable multi-turn potentiometer

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of artificial weather modification, anti-aircraft rocket ground operation monitoring, sensing and automatic control technology, and provides a high-precision human shadow anti-aircraft rocket azimuth detection method and a variable multi-turn potentiometer. The power-off azimuth memory problem and the mechanical hysteresis problem are solved. The main scheme includes setting a carbon film resistor slot, and a gradual spiral curve, the radius of the spiral gradual curve increases linearly with the rotation angle. When the potentiometer rotates to α, #imgabs0# sets #imgabs1# to I0 as the current, v α The voltage when the potentiometer rotates to an angle of α. The "binomial interpolation method" is proposed and used to quickly and efficiently calculate the azimuth angle, and the "intelligent hysteresis correction method" is proposed to solve the error caused by mechanical hysteresis, further improving the azimuth angle detection accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of artificial weather modification anti-aircraft gun and rocket ground operation monitoring and sensing and automatic control technology, and provides a high-precision human shadow anti-aircraft gun azimuth detection method and a variable multi-turn potentiometer. Background Art

[0002] According to people's wishes, through artificial intervention, certain local weather phenomena are transformed in a direction that is beneficial to people's predetermined goals, so as to overcome or alleviate disasters caused by bad weather. This scientific and technological measure to transform nature is called artificial weather modification, or simply weather modification.

[0003] With the development of society and the progress of science and technology, the scientific effectiveness of artificial weather modification by anti-aircraft guns to cause rain and hail (hereinafter referred to as artificial shadow operations) has attracted more and more attention. The collection and management of artificial shadow operation information is a daily task in the artificial weather modification business. The fast and convenient collection of operation information can greatly improve work efficiency, enable management departments to obtain real-time information on the front line of operations in a timely manner, provide basic data for operation command and operation benefit evaluation, and solve the technical problem of disconnection between command, operation and evaluation for many years.

[0004] Existing Literature:

[0005] 1. A wind turbine impeller azimuth angle measuring device and its measuring method CN112855468A, the device and method in the article also need a displacement sensor to measure the angle; a multi-turn precision potentiometer CN204360863U, a wide-band potentiometer CN103489554A, the two literature methods and devices have complex structures and require three-dimensional space, that is, three-dimensional coordinates are required for quantitative calculation. There is only a qualitative introduction in the article, and no quantitative algorithm, especially in use, the potentiometer shaft will move up and down as it rotates, which has high requirements for the connection of the measured object, increases space, and also increases volume, and the scope of application is limited (obviously not applicable to anti-aircraft artillery azimuth detection). The 360-degree rotating potentiometer CN204189544U requires two potentiometers, and no specific algorithm is given.

[0006] 2. CN102589351A uses a dual-link multi-turn potentiometer to detect the azimuth of the anti-aircraft gun: a device developed based on a digital acquisition device for the operation parameters of the human shadow anti-aircraft gun and its detection method can detect the start and end time of the 37 anti-aircraft gun operation, the number of shells fired, the azimuth and elevation in real time, and realize the automatic collection of human shadow operation data. The sensor is installed on a base on the bottom cover of the anti-aircraft gun steering machine. A base hole is provided on the base, and a force transmission device is installed in the base hole. For the human shadow 37 anti-aircraft gun, the anti-aircraft gun azimuth rotates 1 circle, the steering machine wheel needs to rotate 12 circles, and the connecting shaft in the cover hole also rotates 12 circles, that is, the anti-aircraft gun barrel rotates one circle, and the potentiometer rotates 12 circles. The output of the potentiometer is not one-to-one corresponding. After the collector is powered off, if the steering machine rotates more than one circle and then turned on (the barrel rotates more than 30°), the azimuth of the anti-aircraft gun muzzle cannot be determined. In actual applications, it is required that the anti-aircraft gun azimuth must be adjusted to the specified position before turning on the machine, which brings inconvenience to use.

[0007] Prior art N203772138U is an anti-aircraft gun azimuth displacement detector: the rotation speed of the double potentiometer is adjusted by a mechanical reduction box. For the human shadow 37 anti-aircraft gun, the anti-aircraft gun azimuth rotates 1 circle, the steering wheel needs to rotate 12 circles, and the connecting shaft in the cover hole also rotates 12 circles. The rotation ratio of the mechanical reduction box is set to 12, so that the rotation angle of the anti-aircraft gun azimuth is completely synchronized with the rotation angle of the potentiometer. To put it simply, the anti-aircraft gun azimuth rotates one circle, and the potentiometer also rotates one circle. After the anti-aircraft gun azimuth displacement detector is powered off, it can be rotated arbitrarily and then turned on again. The potentiometer still maintains the same resistance value before power failure, and the measurement accuracy will not be affected by power failure. The azimuth sensor in the device has a complex structure, large size, high cost, inconvenient installation, mechanical hysteresis, and insufficient data detection accuracy. Two signal conditioning circuits are required, and the circuit becomes complicated. The device developed by combining these two schemes has the following problems:

[0008] 1. Two potentiometers and two signal conditioning circuits are required;

[0009] 2. Mechanical gear transmission has hysteresis problem. (The meaning of hysteresis is that when the input shaft starts to reverse in the one-way transmission process, the output shaft follows the reverse direction. Due to the mechanical gap, the sensor will rotate slightly, but the gun will not rotate. The output shaft uses a variable multi-turn potentiometer on the rotation angle to directly detect the rotation angle of the steering gear, avoiding the 12-turn speed change to reduce the hysteresis to 1 / 12. The direction of rotation of the steering gear is determined intelligently, and whether it rotates is determined based on the direction of rotation. If it rotates, the measured hysteresis error is deducted.)

[0010] Methods in the literature: complex process, difficult processing and manufacturing, large size and heavy mass, high cost, poor seismic resistance, no angle calculation algorithm, and low detection accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0011] The object of the present invention is to provide a variable multi-turn potentiometer to solve the shutdown azimuth memory problem and the mechanical hysteresis problem.

[0012] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution provided by the present invention is:

[0013] A variable multi-turn potentiometer comprises a base, a carbon film resistor slot is arranged on the base, a rotating shaft is arranged at the center of the base, an electrode mounting part perpendicular to the rotating shaft is arranged on the rotating shaft, an L-shaped electrode passes through the electrode mounting part and is gap-matched with the electrode mounting part, a contact on a contact part of the L-shaped electrode is inserted into the carbon film resistor slot and is electrically connected with the carbon film resistor slot, and both the carbon film resistor slot and the L-shaped electrode are led out through the electrode;

[0014] The carbon film resistor slot is a gradual spiral curve. The radius of the spiral gradual curve increases linearly with the rotation angle. The angle range of the spiral gradual curve is 0° to θ. The radius r of the spiral gradual curve increases linearly. α is the angle of rotation of the potentiometer, and its value range is 0 to θ, in degrees, θ>360°, r is the radius of the circle when the potentiometer rotates to α, and r0 is the radius of the circle when the potentiometer is at 0°. After the potentiometer is designed, r0 and k are both constants.

[0015] In the above technical solution, an electrode ring is arranged on the rotating shaft, and a carbon brush electrode holder matched with the electrode ring is arranged on the base, and the carbon brush of the carbon brush electrode holder matches with the electrode ring.

[0016] In the above technical solution, the contact adopts an arc-shaped structure.

[0017] In the above technical solution, a through hole perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft is provided on the electrode mounting portion, and the sliding portion of the L-shaped electrode passes through the through hole and is matched with the through hole gap.

[0018] In the above technical solution, a spring is sleeved on the portion of the sliding part passing through the electrode mounting part, one end of the spring is limited by the electrode mounting part, and a spring stopper is provided at the end of the sliding part through which the other end of the spring passes.

[0019] In the above technical solution, when the potentiometer is rotated to α, set up I0 is the current, v α The voltage when the potentiometer is rotated to angle α.

[0020] The present invention also provides a high-precision human shadow anti-aircraft gun azimuth detection method, which is characterized by comprising:

[0021] Step 1, calibrate the variable multi-turn potentiometer in sections within the range θ at an angle Δα, give the voltage value corresponding to each section, and obtain a "angle voltage interpolation table" in which the angle sections of the large-angle potentiometer correspond to the corresponding output voltages one by one;

[0022] Step 2: Arrange each data in the interpolation table on the axis. Each data has a coordinate value coordinate, which increases in sequence. Initialize the comparison axis data to the data on the entire axis, and obtain the voltage value u of the current variable multi-turn potentiometer at angle α. α ;

[0023] Step 3: Take the voltage value u corresponding to the midpoint of the comparison axis data mid , compare the voltage value u α With voltage value u mid The size of the voltage, such as u α Greater than voltage value u mid Then take the number axis from u mid The second half of the beginning is the new comparison axis data, and step 4 is performed. For example, the voltage value u α Less than voltage value u mid Then take the number axis from u mid The first half of the beginning is the new comparison axis data, and step 4 is performed. For example, the voltage value u α Equal to the voltage value u mid Then the current angle α is the voltage value u mid In the voltage interpolation table, if there are two corresponding angle values ​​in the middle, choose the larger one as the middle value;

[0024] Step 4: Determine the detected voltage value u α Whether it falls between two adjacent coordinate values, if so, it is calculated according to the following formula:

[0025] u α is the voltage of the potentiometer at angle α, u n-1 and u n They are the values ​​closest to u in the interpolation table. α The two values ​​before and after, u n-1 ≤u α <u n or n-1 <u a ≤u n , α n-1 is the voltage value u in the interpolation table n-1 The corresponding angle value, Δα is the angle corresponding to the segment, that is, the step angle is a constant.

[0026] Otherwise, proceed to step 3.

[0027] In the above technical solution, the output voltage value detected per unit time is quality controlled and then formed into a data group according to time. If the data increases or decreases sequentially, the steering machine is rotating in the opposite direction and there is no hysteresis. If there are several consecutive reverse changes in the data, it can be determined that the steering machine is rotating in the opposite direction, and hysteresis data processing is performed.

[0028] In the above technical solution, the unit time is 1 to 5 seconds.

[0029] In the above technical solution, the hysteresis data processing refers to subtracting the hysteresis value from the calculated voltage.

[0030] Because the present invention adopts the above technical solution, it has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. The device is installed on the human shadow anti-aircraft gun, which can complete the automatic detection of the azimuth and elevation angle of the 37 double-barreled gun operation; realize the automatic detection of the time and number of shells fired, and store related data; based on TCP / IP GPRS data transmission, the system front end is installed at the human shadow anti-aircraft gun operation site.

[0032] 2. It can transmit relevant data to the human shadow management department in real time, so that the management department can obtain real-time information on the front line of operations in a timely manner and provide basic data for operation command and operation efficiency evaluation.

[0033] 3. The "variable multi-turn potentiometer azimuth angle measurement method" was proposed and adopted to enable it to complete the measurement of any azimuth angle. The azimuth angle detection accuracy was improved by utilizing the transmission ratio of the azimuth machine rotation. This method reduced the 12-fold reduction transmission device, made the azimuth sensor structure simpler, and reduced in size, thus significantly reducing the cost.

[0034] 4. The "binomial interpolation method" is proposed and adopted to quickly and efficiently calculate the azimuth angle, and the "intelligent hysteresis correction method" is proposed to solve the error caused by mechanical hysteresis, further improving the azimuth angle detection accuracy. The sliding average and other data processing methods are used to solve the electromagnetic interference and vibration interference of the elevation angle and azimuth angle caused by the explosion of the shell.

[0035] 5. The device has the ability to collect operation information quickly and conveniently, greatly improving work efficiency while saving a lot of manpower and material resources.

[0036] The main test indicators of the device of the present invention are shown in Table 1:

[0037] Table 1 Main technical indicators

[0038] Main indicators Numerical range Azimuth accuracy <0.3° Pitch angle accuracy <0.3° Start and end time <1S Shell quantity detection 100％ Azimuth, elevation, and ammunition usage detection methods Automatic detection Firing method Automatic firing Communication frequency 900 / 1800Mhz Time when instructions were issued and data were collected <2S BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is the overall structure diagram of the system described in the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall block diagram of the hardware circuit of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the circuit part, and A in the figure is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the circuit part.

[0042] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the installation part based on the variable multi-turn potentiometer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 5 This is another embodiment of the present invention, a schematic diagram of the installation of the proximity switch IDB40NA.

[0044] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a variable multi-turn potentiometer;

[0045] Figure 7 , Figure 8 Different embodiments of the variable multi-turn potentiometer, wherein the top cover is cut away;

[0046] Fig. 9 It is an L-shaped electrode;

[0047] Fig.10 This is a partial enlarged view.

[0048] Description of Reference Numerals

[0049] 1-base, 2-top cover, 3-rotating shaft, 3-1-electrode mounting part, 3-2-electrode ring, 4-L-shaped electrode, 4-

[0050] 1-contact, 4-2-contact part, 4-3-sliding part, 4-4-spring baffle, 5-carbon brush electrode holder, 6-carbon film resistor slot 7-spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The following is a detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention. Although the present invention will be described and illustrated in conjunction with some specific embodiments, it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. On the contrary, modifications or equivalent substitutions made to the present invention should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0052] In addition, in order to better illustrate the present invention, numerous specific details are given in the following specific embodiments. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention can also be implemented without these specific details.

[0053] In order to facilitate those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions and application scenarios of the present invention, the technologies related to the present invention are first described in detail:

[0054] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3It can be seen that the digital acquisition device based on the human shadow anti-aircraft artillery operation parameters includes a CPU circuit U1, a cross-current power supply circuit U5, a variable multi-turn potentiometer U6, a shooter follower U7, a depression angle detection circuit U2, a left shell detection circuit U3, a right shell detection circuit U4, a 4G module U10, a Bluetooth module U9, a power management circuit U8, an electromagnet control circuit, and a clock circuit. The CPU circuit U1 is connected to the above circuits through a data bus / address bus / control bus. The CPU circuit U1 of the acquisition device adopts an LPC2388 chip to control the information acquisition, signal processing, communication and other processing operations of the entire system.

[0055] Azimuth detection circuit The azimuth detection circuit consists of a "variable multi-turn potentiometer", a constant current source and an emitter follower. The electrical signal is converted by the microprocessor's built-in A / D to obtain the corresponding digital signal. It is specifically composed of CPU circuit U1, TLC2652 high-precision operational amplifier and voltage reference source TL431. The designed "variable multi-turn potentiometer" carbon film resistor surface (line) gradually changes, and its curve radius increases linearly with the rotation angle. Its surface structure ensures 0° to θ, θ-the electrical angle designed by the potentiometer (θ>360°, designed for the anti-aircraft electrical angle and electrical angle is 0° to 4320°); the curved carbon film is concave into a slide groove, and the contact spring can automatically retract and contract by the elastic force (pressure) of the slide groove, and always remain in the slide groove; the potentiometer is similar to the traditional point positioner structure, the contact spring rotates on a plane (its position is determined by two-bit coordinates), the curve length increases from 0° as the potentiometer rotates, and the surface radius increases linearly, α-the angle of rotation of the potentiometer, 0 to θ, θ>360°, in degrees, r-the radius of the circle when the potentiometer rotates to α, r0-the radius of the circle when the potentiometer is at 0°, r0 and k are both constants, determined according to design requirements.

[0056] The quantity detection circuit consists of the left shell detection circuit U3 and the right shell detection circuit U4, which completes the automatic detection of the amount of shells used in anti-aircraft artillery operations. The circuit is mainly composed of the proximity switch IDB40NA and the 4N25 optical coupler, and the CPU circuit U1; Figure 5 In the example, the proximity switch IDB40NA J1 changes the output level when the shell passes by. The main function of the 4N25 optocoupler is to resist interference and complete level matching. The operating voltage of the proximity sensor is 12 volts, the operating voltage of the central processing unit is 3.3 volts, and the CPU circuit U1 completes the real-time detection of the high and low levels of the proximity switch to obtain the real-time detection of the number of shells. The central microprocessor U1 is connected to the above circuits through the data bus / address bus / control bus.

[0057] In addition, the depression angle detection circuit U2 mainly completes the automatic detection of the elevation angle of the anti-aircraft gun operation. The circuit is mainly composed of the inclination sensor DCM250 and the corresponding interface circuit. The 4G module U10 circuit mainly completes the transmission of the azimuth, elevation angle, ammunition consumption, operation start and end time and other data of the operation to the human shadow management department in real time through TCP / IP after the anti-aircraft gun operation is completed. The circuit is composed of GTM900 and the corresponding interface circuit. The Bluetooth module U9 mainly completes the data interaction between the command terminal and the collection device.

[0058] The power management circuit U8 is mainly used to complete power management and circuit power on / off control, and is specifically composed of a Hall switch H248, a switch integrated chip TWH8778, and a central processing unit U1.

[0059] The clock circuit obtains the clock of the circuit operation and provides the start and end time of the anti-aircraft gun operation. The circuit is composed of DS1302 and corresponding circuits. The power control circuit completes the functions of battery capacity detection, automatic charging control, automatic protection of low battery and high and low temperature environment. The electromagnet control circuit mainly controls the operation of the electromagnet. A DC tube electromagnet is selected and connected to the anti-aircraft gun firing fork. The rated suction force is greater than 30KG and the armature stroke is greater than 10mm to ensure sufficient push rod stroke and firing force to realize the electric firing of the anti-aircraft gun.

[0060] Figure 3 The installation position of the digital acquisition device on the human shadow anti-aircraft gun is shown. In addition, the pitch sensor is designed into the equipment and does not need to be installed separately. Figure 4 The variable multi-turn potentiometer is shown to be installed at the rotation position U11 of the human shadow anti-aircraft gun azimuth controller. The proximity switch IDB40NAU13 is installed at the ejection port J1 of the anti-aircraft gun. Every time a shell is ejected and passes through the proximity switch IDB40NA, the proximity switch IDB40NA outputs a high-low level change, thereby detecting the number of shells.

[0061] The present invention also provides a detection method of a digital acquisition device based on human shadow anti-aircraft gun operation parameters, in particular, a variable multi-turn potentiometer azimuth measurement method based on human shadow anti-aircraft gun, comprising the following steps:

[0062] Algorithm design principle: 1. The carbon film resistor surface (line) changes gradually, and its curve radius increases linearly with the rotation angle. Its surface structure ensures that the angle range from 0° to θ, θ-the electrical angle designed by the potentiometer (θ>360°, generally designed to be N times of 360°) is spatially staggered (as shown above), and both the electrical angle and the mechanical angle are greater than 360°;

[0063] 2. The curved carbon film is concave to form a slide groove, and the contact spring can automatically expand and contract by the elastic force (pressure) of the slide groove and always remain in the slide groove;

[0064] 3. The structure of the potentiometer is similar to that of the traditional positioner, and the contact spring rotates on a plane (its position is determined by two-dimensional coordinates);

[0065] 4. The radius of the curved surface increases linearly, α-the angle of rotation of the potentiometer, its value range is 0 to θ, θ>360°, the unit is degree, r-the radius of the circle when the potentiometer rotates to α, r0-the radius of the circle when the potentiometer is at 0°, r0 and k are both constants, determined according to design requirements, k can generally be (0.05~0.2)r0;

[0066] 5. The length of the curve increases from 0° as the potentiometer rotates.

[0067]

[0068] L-curve length

[0069] 6. The resistance is linearly related to the length of the curve (arc)

[0070]

[0071] m- is a constant, which is related to the carbon film resistor material and area.

[0072] 7. Circuit implementation: Add a constant current source to the potentiometer, the current is I0, the center tap is connected to the CPU (with AD) port through an emitter follower, and the voltage digital is obtained through AD conversion. The voltage at the center tap end is linearly related to the resistance. The corresponding angle can be calculated according to the following algorithm.

[0073] v α - The voltage when the potentiometer is rotated to angle α

[0074] set up is a normal number, is a positive constant, then k2α 2 +k1α-v α =0, and the solution is or (If it is negative, it should be discarded)

[0075] 8. Use "bisection interpolation method" to quickly and accurately calculate angles

[0076] The actual potentiometer carbon film resistor is a quadratic function relationship, and its linearity may not be ideal due to the influence of the processing technology. We propose to use the "binary interpolation method" to quickly and accurately calculate the angle. The developed "variable multi-turn potentiometer" is segmented and calibrated (for example, each 1° angle change is a segment) to give the voltage value corresponding to each segment, that is, the potentiometer angle segment and the corresponding output voltage correspond to each other to form an "angle voltage interpolation table", which can be measured. Each segment (such as the 390° to 391° segment) can be processed according to linear changes. Users can use the interpolation table to quickly and accurately calculate the angle. The binary search table can improve the calculation efficiency and quickly obtain the corresponding angle. The basic method is: arrange each data in the interpolation table on the number axis, each data has a coordinate value coordinate, and increases in sequence. Each time the detection voltage is compared with the middle value (if there are two middle values, the larger one is selected as the middle value). If it is greater than the maximum middle value, continue to compare it with the middle value in the second half (if there are two middle values ​​in the second half, the larger one is selected as the middle value). Otherwise, compare it with the middle value in the first half (if there are two middle values ​​in the first half, the larger one is selected as the middle value). This cycle continues until the detection voltage value falls between two adjacent coordinate values ​​(such as voltage value u α =Equal to the middle voltage value, the current angle α is the angle value corresponding to the middle voltage value in the interpolation table), and finally calculated according to the following formula:

[0077]

[0078] u α -The voltage of the potentiometer when it is at angle α. The center tap of the potentiometer is connected to the CPU (with AD) port and the voltage digital is obtained through AD conversion.

[0079] u α is the voltage of the potentiometer at angle α, u n-1 and u n They are the values ​​closest to u in the interpolation table. α The two values ​​before and after, u n-1 ≤u α <u n or n-1 <u α ≤u n , α n-1 is the voltage value u in the interpolation table n-l The corresponding angle value, Δα is the angle corresponding to the segment, that is, the step angle is a constant. If each change of 1° is a segment, then Aα=1°).

[0080] The mechanical angle and electrical angle of the "variable multi-turn potentiometer" designed for anti-aircraft guns are both 12 times of 360°, that is, 4320°. The mechanical angle of the anti-aircraft gun is 360°. Therefore, the α calculated above is the mechanical angle of the steering machine, and the mechanical angle of the anti-aircraft gun muzzle is:

[0081] 8. Adopt "intelligent hysteresis correction method" to reduce the actual measurement error

[0082] The output voltage value detected within a unit time (the unit time can be 1 to 5 seconds) is quality controlled and formed into a data group according to time. If the data increases or decreases in sequence, the steering machine is rotating in the opposite direction and there is no hysteresis. If there are several consecutive reverse changes in the data, it can be determined that the steering machine is rotating in the opposite direction, and hysteresis data processing is performed.

[0083] Hysteresis data processing method: define the steering gear to rotate in the clockwise direction, and use the measured data as the standard and write it into the interpolation table mentioned above. During use, the steering gear always rotates clockwise, and the detection value has no hysteresis error. If the steering gear is judged to be reversed, that is, counterclockwise rotation, the calculated voltage will be subtracted from the hysteresis value. The hysteresis error of different anti-aircraft guns and different potentiometer structures is different, and this value can be obtained by actual measurement.

[0084] After calculating θ, we get the relative azimuth. After the equipment is installed on the anti-aircraft gun and calibrated at zero scale, we can get the actual azimuth of the anti-aircraft gun.

[0085] The use process of the device of the present invention after installation:

[0086] The device and sensor are installed on the anti-aircraft gun, the power switch is turned on, and the indicator lights are checked. When the indicator lights are normal, the device has entered the real-time automatic detection of the azimuth and elevation of the anti-aircraft gun, and the anti-aircraft gun operation can be carried out at this time. When the anti-aircraft gun completes the first artillery operation, it automatically records the start time of the operation and the azimuth and elevation of this shell, and starts the timer at the same time. If there is no operation within 20 seconds (this time can be set according to needs), the last operation time will be recorded, and the start and end time of this operation and the azimuth and elevation data of each shell will be sent to the management center via SMS or TCT / IP. The entire process, except for the processing of the switch power supply, is completed automatically.

Claims

1. A high-precision human shadow anti-aircraft gun azimuth detection method, characterized in that: include: Step 1: Adjust the variable multi-turn potentiometer to the range Inner angle Perform segmented calibration, give the voltage value corresponding to each segment, and obtain the "angle voltage interpolation table" that corresponds one by one between the angle segments of the large-angle potentiometer and the corresponding output voltage; Step 2: Arrange each data in the interpolation table on the axis. Each data has a coordinate value, which increases in sequence. Initialize the comparison axis data to the data on the entire axis to obtain the current variable multi-turn potentiometer. Voltage value at angle ; Step 3: Take the voltage value corresponding to the midpoint of the comparison axis data , compare voltage values With voltage value The size of the voltage Greater than voltage value Then take the number axis from The second half of the beginning is the new comparison axis data, proceed to step 4, such as the voltage value Less than voltage value Then take the number axis from The first half of the beginning is the new comparison axis data, proceed to step 4, such as the voltage value Equal to voltage value The current angle The value is the voltage value In the voltage interpolation table, if there are two corresponding angle values ​​in the middle, choose the larger one as the middle value; Step 4: Determine the detected voltage value Whether it falls between two adjacent coordinate values, if so, it is calculated according to the following formula: , For the potentiometer The voltage at the angle, and They are the closest values ​​in the interpolation table. The two values ​​before and after or , is the voltage value in the interpolation table The corresponding angle value is The angle corresponding to the segment, i.e. the step angle, is a constant; Otherwise, proceed to step 3; The variable multi-turn potentiometer comprises a base (1), a carbon film resistor slot (6) is arranged on the base (1), a rotating shaft (3) is arranged at the center of the base (1), an electrode mounting portion (3-1) perpendicular to the rotating shaft is arranged on the rotating shaft (3), an L-shaped electrode (4) passes through the electrode mounting portion (3-1) and is gap-matched with the electrode mounting portion (3-1), a contact (4-1) on a contact portion (4-2) of the L-shaped electrode (4) is inserted into the carbon film resistor slot (6) and is electrically connected to the carbon film resistor slot (6), and both the carbon film resistor slot (6) and the L-shaped electrode (4) are led out through the electrode; The carbon film resistor groove (6) is a gradual spiral curve, the radius of the spiral gradual curve increases linearly with the rotation angle, and the angle range of the spiral gradual curve is 0° to , the radius of the spiral gradient curve Linear increase, , The angle of rotation of the potentiometer ranges from 0 to , in degrees, , For the potentiometer to rotate to The radius of the time circle, is the radius of the circle when the potentiometer is at 0°. After the potentiometer is designed, and are all constants.

2. A high-precision human shadow anti-aircraft gun azimuth detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: An electrode ring (3-2) is arranged on the rotating shaft (3), and a carbon brush electrode seat (5) matched with the electrode ring (3-2) is arranged on the base (1), wherein the carbon brush of the carbon brush electrode seat (5) matches with the electrode ring (3-2).

3. A high-precision human shadow anti-aircraft gun azimuth detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact (4-1) adopts an arc-shaped structure.

4. A high-precision human shadow anti-aircraft gun azimuth detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: A through hole perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft (3) is provided on the electrode mounting portion (3-1), and the sliding portion (4-3) of the L-shaped electrode (4) passes through the through hole and is gap-matched with the through hole.

5. A high-precision human shadow anti-aircraft gun azimuth detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spring (7) is sleeved on the portion of the sliding portion (4-3) that passes through the electrode mounting portion (3-1); one end of the spring (7) is limited by the electrode mounting portion (3-1); and a spring stopper (4-4) is provided at the end of the sliding portion (4-3) through which the other end of the spring (7) passes.

6. A high-precision human shadow anti-aircraft gun azimuth detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Turn the potentiometer to hour, ,set up , , is the constant current source current, For the potentiometer to rotate to Angle voltage.

7. A high-precision human shadow anti-aircraft gun azimuth detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After quality control, the output voltage value detected per unit time is used to form a data group according to time. If the data increases or decreases in sequence, the steering gear is rotating in the opposite direction and there is no hysteresis. If there are several consecutive reverse changes in the data, it can be determined that the steering gear is rotating in the opposite direction, and hysteresis data processing is performed.

8. A high-precision human shadow anti-aircraft gun azimuth detection method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The unit time is 1 to 5 seconds.

9. A high-precision human shadow anti-aircraft gun azimuth detection method according to claim 8, characterized in that: Hysteresis data processing refers to subtracting the hysteresis value from the calculated voltage.

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