A solid waste treatment preheating structure based on dielectric heating

Abstract

The present invention provides a solid waste treatment preheating structure based on dielectric heating, which relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, including a preheating chamber, a feed hopper is arranged above the preheating chamber, a discharge port is arranged below the preheating chamber, a liquid adding nozzle is arranged on the side wall of the feed hopper, and a dielectric electrode plate is arranged on the inner side wall of the preheating chamber, and the dielectric electrode plate is electrically connected to an AC power supply, so that when the solid waste material slides from the feed hopper into the preheating chamber, liquid enters the gap of the solid waste material, and the solid waste material entering the preheating chamber is dielectrically heated between the dielectric electrode plates, and the liquid in the solid waste material is heated so that the solid waste material is preheated. The present invention has a simple structure, and utilizes the liquid in the solid waste material. The liquid can be heated and the gasification volume increases to perform internal heating pretreatment on the solid waste material, and can also dismantle the accumulated solid waste material, which is convenient for later solid waste treatment. In addition, the fully enclosed preheating prevents the direct release of toxic gases, and has high safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, and in particular, to a solid waste treatment preheating structure based on dielectric heating. Background Art

[0002] Solid waste treatment, whose full name is solid waste disposal, usually refers to the process of converting solid waste into materials suitable for transportation, storage, utilization or disposal through physical, chemical, biological, physicochemical and biochemical methods. The goal of solid waste treatment is to make it harmless, reduce its volume and utilize it as a resource.

[0003] The methods of solid waste treatment are mainly divided into incineration and landfill, among which incineration is the most important. However, when solid waste is incinerated, it is inconvenient to burn the solid waste due to the small amount of moisture carried inside it. Therefore, it is necessary to preheat and dry the solid waste before incineration. For example, Chinese patent utility model patent CN213223710U provides a feeding device for solid waste treatment with a preheating function, including a crushing cylinder, a discharge port is provided at the top of the crushing cylinder, an annular groove is provided on the inner wall of the crushing cylinder, an annular slider matched with the annular groove is clamped inside the annular groove, a crushing blade is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular slider, a partition is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the crushing cylinder, a sealed bearing is fixedly inlaid on the bottom surface of the partition, a motor is placed on the inner bottom wall of the crushing cylinder, the output end of the motor extends to the inside of the sealed bearing and is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the sealed bearing, and a rotating rod is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the sealed bearing. The above utility model provides a feeding device for solid waste treatment with a preheating function, which can preheat and dry the solid waste while it is being transported, effectively solving the problem of inconvenience in incineration treatment caused by damp solid waste, and improving the efficiency of solid waste treatment.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned preheating treatment structure still has the following problems: some solid waste materials contain toxic substances, and direct heating will cause toxic gases to be released; and only low-temperature heating is used, and it is impossible to effectively dry all the accumulated solid waste materials. The most important thing is that different solid waste materials have different internal moisture levels, and the degree of preheating and drying during transportation is different, which has little effect on the subsequent solid waste treatment.

[0005] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, it is necessary for us to design a reasonable and efficient solid waste treatment preheating structure based on dielectric heating. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a solid waste treatment preheating structure based on dielectric heating with a simple structure, which utilizes the liquid in the solid waste material and the characteristics that the liquid can be heated and the gasification volume increases, so as to perform internal heating pretreatment on the solid waste material, and can also break up the accumulated solid waste material to facilitate the later solid waste treatment. In addition, the fully enclosed preheating can avoid the direct release of toxic gases, and the solid waste treatment preheating structure based on dielectric heating has high safety.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A solid waste treatment preheating structure based on dielectric heating comprises a preheating chamber, a feed hopper is arranged above the preheating chamber, a discharge port is arranged below the preheating chamber, a liquid adding nozzle is arranged on the side wall of the feed hopper, a dielectric electrode plate is arranged on the inner side wall of the preheating chamber, and the dielectric electrode plate is electrically connected to an AC power supply, so that when the solid waste material slides from the feed hopper into the preheating chamber, liquid enters the gap of the solid waste material, and the solid waste material entering the preheating chamber is dielectrically heated between the dielectric electrode plates, and the liquid in the solid waste material is heated so that the solid waste material is preheated.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the side wall of the feed hopper is provided with a needle-shaped protrusion.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of obliquely arranged baffle plates are provided in the preheating chamber.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dielectric plate includes a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate, and the number of the first electrode plate and the number of the second electrode plate are at least one.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the AC power supply is a high-frequency AC power of not less than 40 MHz.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the AC power supply is electrically connected to a controller.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the liquid adding nozzle is connected to a liquid adding bin, a recovery pipe connected to the liquid adding bin is arranged above the preheating chamber, and an electric air valve is arranged in the recovery pipe.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the recovery pipe is connected to the liquid adding bin through a condenser, and the height of the condenser is not lower than the height of the liquid adding bin.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a toxic gas filter for discharging toxic gases is provided on the upper side of the liquid filling bin.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the liquid in the liquid filling tank is water or alcohol.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the discharge port is arranged inclined.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the solid waste treatment preheating structure based on dielectric heating of the present invention are: simple structure, utilization of liquid in solid waste materials, and the characteristics of liquid being heatable and increasing in volume when vaporized to perform internal heating pretreatment on solid waste materials, and the ability to dismantle accumulated solid waste materials to facilitate later solid waste treatment. In addition, fully enclosed preheating can prevent direct release of toxic gases, and the safety is high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of a solid waste treatment preheating structure based on dielectric heating according to the present invention;

[0021] In the figure: 1. preheating chamber, 11. dielectric plate, 12. baffle plate, 13. recovery pipe, 131. air valve, 14. condenser pipe, 2. feed hopper, 21. liquid adding nozzle, 22. liquid adding bin, 23. needle-shaped protrusion, 3. discharge port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which further describe the technical solutions of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0023] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement and steps of modules and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention.

[0024] At the same time, it should be understood that for the convenience of description, the processes in the drawings are not just performed separately, but multiple steps are performed in an interlaced manner.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the positions or positional relationships in which the product of the present invention is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0026] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.

[0027] Technologies, methods, and systems known to ordinary technicians in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the technologies, methods, and systems should be considered part of the authorization specification.

[0028] Embodiment 1: Figure 1 The figure is only one of the embodiments of the present invention, a solid waste treatment preheating structure based on dielectric heating, including a preheating chamber 1, a feed hopper 2 is arranged above the preheating chamber 1, a discharge port 3 is arranged below the preheating chamber 1, a liquid adding nozzle 21 is arranged on the side wall of the feed hopper 2, and a dielectric electrode plate 11 is arranged on the inner side wall of the preheating chamber 1, and the dielectric electrode plate 11 is electrically connected to an AC power supply, so that when the solid waste material slides from the feed hopper 2 into the preheating chamber 1, liquid enters the gap of the solid waste material, and the solid waste material entering the preheating chamber 1 is dielectrically heated between the dielectric electrode plates 11, and the liquid in the solid waste material is heated so that the solid waste material is preheated.

[0029] In the present invention, the solid waste material is heated from the feed hopper 2 to the preheating chamber 1 under the heating of the dielectric plate 11, and finally flows out from the inclined discharge port 3 on the lower side of the preheating chamber 1 to the solid waste processor for final solid waste combustion treatment.

[0030] It should be noted that during the preheating process of the solid waste material in the preheating chamber 1, contrary to the conventional view that the water in the solid waste material is a useless substance that needs to be treated, the water in the solid waste material is creatively used as a raw material for pretreatment, and the property that liquids can also be heated and their volume increases rapidly after heating and vaporization is utilized to assist in the preheating of the solid waste material.

[0031] The water vaporization and expansion after dielectric heating will cause larger solid waste material piles to break into small pieces, making them easier to burn and process later.

[0032] The principle of dielectric heating is as follows: the dielectric electrode plate 11 includes a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate. Under the power supply of an AC power source, an alternating electric field that changes back and forth is formed between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate. The electric dipoles in the "dielectric heating medium" in the alternating electric field rotate and vibrate violently along the direction of the electric field, and the friction between the molecules generates heat, thereby performing dielectric heating.

[0033] Here, dielectric heating medium refers to a substance that becomes hot when subjected to a changing electric field. The liquid mixed in the solid waste material is essentially a dielectric heating medium.

[0034] The dielectric heating medium includes a metal oxide mixture (solid) or a water-alcohol mixture (liquid). Generally, the solid waste material itself is solid, but not all solid waste materials are metal oxide mixtures. For example, plastic rubber, etc., may not be able to be heated by dielectric heating. If it is dry plastic rubber, although it will not be affected by moisture, it cannot be heated by dielectric heating, resulting in a low temperature when it flows out from the discharge port 3 and enters the solid waste burner, and a high combustion demand.

[0035] In order to ensure that the solid waste material can be dielectrically heated, a liquid adding nozzle 21 can be set at the feed hopper 2 to wet the solid waste material with a minimum spraying amount, so that the solid waste material can be dielectrically heated when entering the preheating chamber 1. Since the amount of sprayed liquid is very small, it will not cause the trouble of over-wetting of the solid waste material, and these liquids will also be vaporized and discharged after heating.

[0036] The solid waste treatment preheating structure based on dielectric heating of the present invention has a simple structure, utilizes the liquid in the solid waste material, and utilizes the characteristics that the liquid can be heated and the gasification volume increases to perform internal heating pretreatment on the solid waste material. It can also dismantle the accumulated solid waste material to facilitate the later solid waste treatment. In addition, the fully enclosed preheating can avoid the direct release of toxic gases, and the safety is high.

[0037] Embodiment 2: Still as Figure 1 The figure shown is only one of the embodiments of the present invention. On the basis of the first embodiment, in a solid waste treatment preheating structure based on dielectric heating of the present invention, the side wall of the feed hopper 2 is provided with needle-shaped protrusions, so that the solid waste materials agglomerated into a mass will be pierced and cracked by the needle-shaped protrusions when flowing into the feed hopper 2, so as to facilitate the liquid sprayed by the liquid adding nozzle 21 to enter these gaps, and also facilitate the moist liquid inside the solid waste material mass to escape from the gaps after being heated during dielectric heating.

[0038] Furthermore, a plurality of obliquely arranged baffle plates 12 are provided in the preheating chamber 1 to slow down the descending speed of the solid waste material in the preheating chamber 1, thereby increasing the heating time of the dielectric heating and achieving a better preheating effect.

[0039] The number of the first electrode plate and the number of the second electrode plate are at least one, or in other words, the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate are arranged alternately in the preheating chamber 1, so that the dielectric heating in the entire preheating chamber 1 is more uniform.

[0040] Furthermore, the AC power source is a high-frequency AC power of not less than 40 MHz, so that the frequency of change of the alternating electric field is high enough, the molecular motion is more intense, and the heating effect is better.

[0041] Alternatively, the AC power source is electrically connected to a controller, that is, the AC power source itself does not have a high alternating frequency or is simply a DC battery, and outputs high-frequency AC power under the control of the controller.

[0042] In addition, the liquid adding nozzle 21 is connected to the liquid adding bin 22, and a recovery pipe 13 connected to the liquid adding bin 22 is arranged above the preheating chamber 1, and an electric air valve 131 is arranged in the recovery pipe 13. The recovery pipe 13 is connected to the liquid adding bin 22 through a condensation pipe 14, and the height of the condensation pipe 14 is not lower than the height of the liquid adding bin 22.

[0043] After the solid waste material is dielectrically heated in the preheating chamber 1, the high-temperature gas generated by the vaporization of the liquid (including the liquid sprayed from the liquid adding nozzle and the liquid in the solid waste material itself) enters the recovery pipe 13 under the suction of the electric air valve 131, and finally condenses in the condenser 14 (there are many condensation methods, which will not be repeated here), and the condensed liquid flows into the liquid adding bin 22, so that the liquid adding nozzle 21 at the bottom of the heating bin 22 can spray the liquid to the feeding hopper 2, thereby realizing the recycling of the liquid.

[0044] Under special circumstances, a toxic gas filter for discharging toxic gases is provided on the upper side of the liquid filling bin 22. Among the gases reaching the heating bin 22, part is liquid vapor that can be liquefied and descend, but part is toxic gases generated by solid waste materials. These gases accumulate in the liquid filling bin 22 and are extremely harmful. They can be discharged after being filtered and marked by the toxic gas filter.

[0045] Finally, the liquid in the liquid adding tank 22 is water or alcohol. Generally speaking, the liquid in the liquid adding tank 22 is water, the cost of adding water is low, and the heating and condensation effect is better.

[0046] The solid waste treatment preheating structure based on dielectric heating of the present invention has a simple structure, utilizes the liquid in the solid waste material, and utilizes the characteristics that the liquid can be heated and the gasification volume increases to perform internal heating pretreatment on the solid waste material. It can also dismantle the accumulated solid waste material to facilitate the later solid waste treatment. In addition, the fully enclosed preheating can avoid the direct release of toxic gases, and the safety is high.

[0047] The present invention is not limited to the above specific implementations, and the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made to the above implementations based on the technical essence of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solid waste treatment preheating structure based on dielectric heating, characterized in that: The invention comprises a preheating chamber (1), a feed hopper (2) is arranged above the preheating chamber (1), a discharge port (3) is arranged below the preheating chamber (1), a liquid adding nozzle (21) is arranged on the side wall of the feed hopper (2), a dielectric plate (11) is arranged on the inner side wall of the preheating chamber (1), and the dielectric plate (11) is electrically connected to an AC power source, so that when the solid waste material slides from the feed hopper (2) into the preheating chamber (1), liquid enters the gap of the solid waste material, and the solid waste material entering the preheating chamber (1) is dielectrically heated between the dielectric plates (11), and the liquid in the solid waste material is heated, so that the solid waste material is preheated; A plurality of obliquely arranged baffle plates (12) are arranged in the preheating chamber (1); The liquid adding nozzle (21) is connected to a liquid adding bin (22); a recovery pipe (13) communicating with the liquid adding bin (22) is arranged above the preheating chamber (1); a wind valve (131) is arranged in the recovery pipe (13); the recovery pipe (13) is connected to the liquid adding bin (22) through a condensation pipe (14), and the height of the condensation pipe (14) is not lower than the height of the liquid adding bin (22); the liquid in the liquid adding bin (22) is water or alcohol; The side wall of the feed hopper (2) is provided with a needle-shaped protrusion (23), so that the solid waste material that has been condensed into a mass will be pierced and cracked by the needle-shaped protrusion when it flows into the feed hopper, which not only facilitates the liquid sprayed by the liquid adding nozzle to enter these gaps, but also facilitates the wet liquid inside the solid waste material mass to escape from the gaps after being heated during dielectric heating.

2. A solid waste treatment preheating structure based on dielectric heating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dielectric plate (11) comprises a first plate and a second plate, and the number of the first plate and the number of the second plate are at least one.

3. A solid waste treatment preheating structure based on dielectric heating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The AC power source is a high-frequency AC power of not less than 40 MHz.

4. A solid waste treatment preheating structure based on dielectric heating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The AC power source is electrically connected to a controller.

5. A solid waste treatment preheating structure based on dielectric heating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge port (3) is arranged inclined.

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