The invention relates to a novel optical fiber filling paste for a polypropylene tube optical cable. The novel optical fiber filling paste is composed of synthetic oil A, high-viscosity synthetic oil B, anchoring agents, viscosity index improvers, gelling agents, thickening agents and antioxidant. The invention further provides a preparation method of the novel optical fiber filling paste. The novel optical fiber filling paste is applicable to an optical fiber loose tube made of the polypropylene material, and has the main features of fine compatibility with the polypropylene material (under the temperature of 80 DEG C for 672 hours, the weight gain ratio is less than or equals to 15%; and under the same experimental condition, the weight gain ratio of a common optical fiber filling paste is larger than 30%), colloid stability and oxidation stability, heat resistance, weather resistance, no system oil separation and low acid value. And the novel optical fiber filling paste is high in water resistance, is not emulsified, fine in high-temperature dripping, high-and-low temperature resistance, and is favorable for the control of the residual length of an optical fiber in the loose tube. Therefore, the optical fiber and a cable core can always be in a most free and unstressed state respectively in the polypropylene loose tube and the cable, and performance transmission of the optical cable is guaranteed.