A permanent magnet synchronous motor controller and signal transmission method for a hybrid electric vehicle

Abstract

The application relates to a permanent magnet synchronous motor controller of a hybrid vehicle, which comprises a main plate for providing a carrier for circuit components, a heat dissipation base for fixing and heat dissipating the main plate, MOS tubes for signal transmission between the circuit components on the main plate and supporting the main plate, a main control unit for controlling the hybrid vehicle to perform multiple operations, a two-bus network unit for realizing power supply and signal transmission between the permanent magnet synchronous motor controller and vehicle equipment, and a protective shell forming a closed cavity with the heat dissipation base, wherein the main plate, the MOS tubes, the main control unit and the two-bus network unit are covered in the cavity. The two-bus network unit greatly improves the information amount and greatly enhances the information bandwidth, thereby providing a convenient channel for mutual communication between the equipment of the vehicle.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the field of hybrid electric vehicles, in particular to a permanent magnet synchronous motor controller of a hybrid electric vehicle and a signal transmission method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The permanent magnet synchronous motor controller is mainly composed of a mainboard, a heat dissipation base, a protective shell, MOS tubes and other structural parts. The mainboard, as the core component of the controller, can realize multiple operations of the controller through programs. Meanwhile, the heat dissipation base plays an extremely important role. During the working process of the controller, heat is generated, and the heat dissipation base with reasonable structure is needed for heat dissipation. When the heat of the controller cannot be dissipated in time, the controller will be short-circuited, burned out, and have component failure, etc., thereby causing the whole machine to be unable to normally operate, so the heat dissipation base plays an extremely important role. Most of the current heat dissipation bases use an aluminum plate, and the heat dissipation effect is not significant.

[0003] The current signal transmission of the low-speed electric vehicle controller adopts the original physical mode of one line one function or three lines one function to transmit signals, which causes the wire harness utilization rate to be very low, thereby increasing the manufacturing cost of the whole vehicle. And due to the large number of wire harness interfaces, the wiring is complex, and there are many fault points, which affects the manufacturing efficiency of the whole vehicle. In addition, the low-speed vehicle central control and instrument function are relatively monotonous, and cannot meet the more complex and novel function demand, such as battery power calculation, endurance routine uploading, diversity and selectivity of power saving mode, etc. Using a single function wire harness to transmit a single signal leads to very low channel utilization rate, and the whole wire harness vacancy rate is high. For example, when the forward wire harness is used to represent forward, the reverse wire harness and high brake signal wire harness are definitely in the idle state, and vice versa. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the application is to provide a permanent magnet synchronous motor controller of a hybrid electric vehicle and a signal transmission method. Through the two-bus network unit, the information amount is greatly improved, the information bandwidth is greatly enhanced, and a convenient channel is provided for the mutual communication between the devices of the whole vehicle.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the application provides the following scheme:

[0006] A permanent magnet synchronous motor controller of a hybrid electric vehicle comprises:

[0007] A mainboard for providing a carrier for circuit components;

[0008] A heat dissipation base with the mainboard arranged on the top surface and a plurality of heat dissipation teeth arranged on the bottom surface, for fixing and dissipating heat of the mainboard;

[0009] MOS tube, fixedly arranged on the heat dissipation base and connected with the mainboard, used for signal transmission between circuit components on the mainboard and used for supporting the mainboard;

[0010] A main control unit is arranged on the mainboard and used for controlling the hybrid electric vehicle to perform a plurality of operations.

[0011] A two-bus network unit is arranged on the mainboard and connected with the MOS tube, the main control unit and an external device, used for realizing power supply and signal transmission between the permanent magnet synchronous motor controller and the vehicle device.

[0012] A protective shell forms a closed cavity with the heat dissipation base, and the mainboard, the MOS tube, the main control unit and the two-bus network unit are covered in the cavity.

[0013] Optionally, the two-bus network unit comprises a direct current additional two-bus transceiver, a direct current additional two-bus transmission line and two signal transmission lines; the two signal transmission lines comprise a GND line and a PBUS signal power supply line.

[0014] The direct current additional two-bus transceiver is connected with the main control unit and an external storage battery through the direct current additional two-bus transmission line; the direct current additional two-bus transceiver is also connected with an external two-bus transceiver box through the GND line and the PBUS signal power supply line.

[0015] Optionally, the heat dissipation teeth are ladder-shaped special-shaped square teeth.

[0016] Optionally, the heat dissipation base is provided with a positioning hole, and the MOS tube is fixed by a screw.

[0017] Optionally, the MOS tube is welded with the two-bus network unit through a pin, and the pin direction of the MOS tube is reversed.

[0018] Optionally, the preparation material of the heat dissipation base is a 6-series aluminum alloy.

[0019] To achieve the above object, the application further provides the following scheme.

[0020] A signal transmission method of a permanent magnet synchronous motor controller of a hybrid electric vehicle, which is applied to the permanent magnet synchronous motor controller and comprises the following steps:

[0021] The two-bus network receives electric energy provided by an external power supply device.

[0022] The main control unit drives the motor in an idle time, and controls the receiving and sending of signals between the central control operation platform and the two-bus network in a timer mode.

[0023] According to the received signal, the two-bus network unit controls the MOS transistor to be on or off by controlling the on and off modes of the MOS transistor;

[0024] According to the current on or off state of the MOS transistor, the level of the electric energy is pulled down to the corresponding level, and the corresponding return signal is returned to the central control console, so that various actions of the hybrid electric vehicle are performed.

[0025] Optionally, the receiving and sending of signals between the central control console and the two-bus network are performed through RX\TX\GND three channels for signal transmission.

[0026] The GND line comprises a GND channel; the PBUS signal power supply line comprises an RX channel and a TX channel, and the RX channel is used for receiving signals, and the TX channel is used for sending signals.

[0027] Optionally, according to the current on or off state of the MOS transistor, the level of the electric energy is pulled down to the corresponding level, and the corresponding return signal is returned to the central control console, so that various actions of the hybrid electric vehicle are performed, and specifically includes:

[0028] When the MOS transistor is on, the PBUS signal power supply line receives the electric energy transmitted by the two-bus network, and simultaneously shows a high level, and when in a communication state, data 0 is sent, and at this time, there is no return signal.

[0029] When the MOS transistor is off, the PBUS signal power supply line loses power supply and is pulled to the corresponding level by the load resistance, 12V is the starting bit of signal transmission, 7V is data 1, when the logic level provided by the central control console under the communication condition is 7V, the main control unit answers the signal, and pulls down 7V to 0V, at this time, 7V represents the return data 0, and 0V represents the return data 1, and the central control console will obtain the return signal of the two-bus network through the RX channel.

[0030] The central control console controls various action instructions of the hybrid electric vehicle according to the returned signal.

[0031] Optionally, the RX\TX\GND three channels adopt a set baud rate for signal transmission.

[0032] According to the specific embodiments of the present application, the following technical effects are disclosed:

[0033] Compared with the traditional technology, the two-bus network communication mode is adopted, the wire harness of the whole vehicle is saved, the wire routing of the whole vehicle is more simple and reliable, and at the same time, due to the change of the communication mode, the information amount can be greatly improved, and up to 128 controller external devices can be carried, the information bandwidth is greatly enhanced, a convenient channel is provided for mutual communication between devices of the whole vehicle, instead of using simple single-line communication. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only constitute some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort on the basis of these drawings.

[0035] Figure 1 Front view of the permanent magnet synchronous motor controller of the hybrid electric vehicle in the embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 2 Structure diagram of the two-bus network unit in the embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 3 Shape structure diagram of the traditional heat dissipation tooth in the embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 4 Enlarged structure diagram of one tooth of the traditional heat dissipation tooth in the embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 5 Structure diagram of the heat dissipation base and the heat dissipation tooth in the embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 6 Structure diagram of the forward installation of the MOS tube in the embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 7 Structure diagram of the reverse installation of the MOS tube in the embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 8 Flow chart of the signal transmission method of the permanent magnet synchronous motor controller of the hybrid electric vehicle in the embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 9 Intermittent power supply mode diagram in the embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 10 Check diagram of the corresponding format content returned by the protocol of the predetermined format in the embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Symbol explanation:

[0046] 1-mainboard, 2-heat dissipation base, 202-heat dissipation tooth, 3-MOS tube, 4-protection shell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] With reference to the accompanying drawings, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort belong to the scope of the present application.

[0048] The present application aims to provide a hybrid vehicle permanent magnet synchronous motor controller and signal transmission method, through two bus network units, so that the information amount is greatly improved, the information bandwidth is greatly enhanced, and a convenient channel is provided for mutual communication between devices of the vehicle.

[0049] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0050] Figure 1 The present application is a hybrid vehicle permanent magnet synchronous motor controller front view.

[0051] As Figure 1 shown, the hybrid vehicle permanent magnet synchronous motor controller of the present application comprises a main board 1, a heat dissipation base 2, a MOS tube 3, a main control unit, a two-bus network unit and a protective shell 4.

[0052] Specifically, the main board 1 is used to provide a carrier for circuit components; the heat dissipation base 2 is provided with the main board 1 on the top surface and a plurality of heat dissipation teeth 201 on the bottom surface, and is used to fix and dissipate heat for the main board 1; the MOS tube 3 is fixedly arranged on the heat dissipation base 2 and connected with the main board 1, and is used for signal transmission between circuit components on the main board 1 and for supporting the main board 1; the main control unit is arranged on the main board 1, and is used to control the hybrid vehicle to perform a plurality of operations; the two-bus network unit is arranged on the main board 1 and connected with the MOS tube 3, the main control unit and an external device, and is used to realize power supply and signal transmission between the permanent magnet synchronous motor controller and the vehicle device; the protective shell 4 forms a closed cavity with the heat dissipation base 2, and the main board 1, the MOS tube 3, the main control unit and the two-bus network unit are covered in the cavity.

[0053] Figure 2 The present application is a two-bus network unit structure diagram.

[0054] In some embodiments, as Figure 2As shown, the two-bus network unit comprises a direct-current additional two-bus transceiver, a direct-current additional two-bus transceiving line and two signal transmission lines; the two signal transmission lines comprise a GND line and a PBUS signal power supply line.

[0055] The direct-current additional two-bus transceiver is connected with the master control unit and the external storage battery through the direct-current additional two-bus transceiving line; the direct-current additional two-bus transceiver is also connected with the external two-bus transceiving box through the GND line and the PBUS signal power supply line.

[0056] The GND line is the reference ground of the power supply line and the signal ground at the same time; the PBUS signal power supply line transmits the PBUS signal and the power supply energy at the same time, realizing two-in-one of power supply and signal transmission.

[0057] The traditional 9-wire harness function definition is as follows: wire harness 1 is high speed, 2 is medium speed, 3 is an electric door, 4 is high brake, 5 is ground wire, 6 is reverse, 7 is throttle power supply positive, 8 is throttle power supply negative, and 9 is throttle signal.

[0058] The traditional function implementation mode is that wire harness 1 is pulled to 0V low level, indicating high-speed driving, and 5V indicating no high-speed driving; wire harness 2 is pulled to 0V low level, indicating medium-speed driving, and 5V indicating no high-speed driving; the brake signal is pulled to 48V / 60V high level through the above-mentioned wire harness 4, indicating no braking, and 0V indicating braking; similarly, the reverse is 0V indicating reverse, and 5V indicating no reverse; the throttle signal adopts analog output, 1-4V voltage, directly provided to the controller, for controlling the vehicle speed.

[0059] The improved two-bus mode of the application is that all power supply is realized through the above-mentioned 3 electric door wire harness, and other signals such as high speed, medium speed, high brake, reverse and throttle size are transmitted in digital form and superimposed on the 3 electric door wire harness.

[0060] Further, the heat dissipation teeth are ladder-shaped special-shaped square teeth type heat dissipation teeth. Figures 3-4 As shown, the structure has complex processing technology and high cost, needs to select a special customized mold for extrusion forming, and the model manufacturing is also complex. Figure 5 As shown.

[0061] Further, the heat dissipation base is provided with a positioning hole, and the MOS tube is fixed by a screw.

[0062] Further, the heat dissipation base is prepared from a 6-series aluminum alloy instead of a traditional ADC12, so that the heat dissipation effect can be doubled, the cost can be reduced, and the market competitiveness can be improved.

[0063] Further, the MOS tube is welded to the two-bus network unit through a pin, and the pin direction of the MOS tube is reversed. The MOS tube in the permanent magnet synchronous motor controller serves as a voltage control component and plays a role in transmitting an electrical performance signal. The installation mode is usually forward installation, as shown in the figure. Figure 6 Further, the heat dissipation base is prepared from a 6-series aluminum alloy instead of a traditional ADC12, so that the heat dissipation effect can be doubled, the cost can be reduced, and the market competitiveness can be improved. Figure 3 The convexity supports the main plate, the soldering pin of the MOS tube is downwardly placed and bent, and welding is performed. Such a design structure can increase the space height of the entire controller, and the convex structure can increase the weight of the aluminum plate, thereby increasing the cost. Therefore, the MOS tube is reversely installed, as shown in the figure. Figure 7 The structure design can not only remove the aluminum alloy weight of the convexity, but also reduce the space height, and the product is more flexible.

[0064] Figure 8 The application relates to a signal transmission method for a permanent magnet synchronous motor controller of a hybrid electric vehicle.

[0065] As shown in the figure, the application discloses a signal transmission method for a permanent magnet synchronous motor controller of a hybrid electric vehicle. Figure 8 The method adopts a direct current additional two-bus method to connect various system units of the vehicle in series, realizes power supply and signal transmission in one, and only uses two signal transmission lines to transmit power supply and signals.

[0066] The signal transmission method is applied to the permanent magnet synchronous motor controller, and the signal transmission method comprises the following steps.

[0067] Step 101: A two-bus network receives electrical energy provided by an external power supply device.

[0068] Step 102: A main control unit drives an idle time of a motor, and controls the receiving and sending of signals between a central control operation platform and the two-bus network in a timer mode.

[0069] The step 102 specifically comprises the following steps.

[0070] The PBUS signal power line transmits signals in an intermittent power supply mode. The communication baud rate can be set to 9600, 115200 or 2400. During the communication idle period, the power supply voltage amplitude is VCC. During the communication, the voltage is 3-level change of VCC / 7V / 0V. Since the low level maintenance time is short, the longest is 20-40uS, the high level duration is long, and it does not affect the power transmission. The level signal is defined as follows: VCC represents 0, 7V represents the master station sending 1, and at the same time, the slave station sends 0, and 0V represents the slave station sending 1, as shown in Figure 9 .

[0071] The slave station cannot actively send signals. Only after the three states of inquiry, setting and request of the master station are completed, the designated slave station can return the corresponding format content according to the established format protocol according to the specific inquiry, setting and request content. The data format is: 8-bit data + 1-bit check, and the check mode adopts parity check or CRC check. Specifically: start bit + 8-bit data bit + 1-bit check bit + stop bit, as shown in Figure 10 .

[0072] The receiving and sending of signals between the central control console and the two-bus network are performed through RX\TX\GND three channels for signal transmission; the RX\TX\GND three channels adopt a set baud rate for signal transmission.

[0073] The GND line includes a GND channel; the PBUS signal power line includes an RX channel and a TX channel, the RX channel is used for receiving signals, and the TX channel is used for sending signals.

[0074] Step 103: According to the received signal, the two-bus network unit controls the conduction and shutdown of the MOS tube to control the conduction or cutoff of the MOS tube.

[0075] Step 104: According to the current conduction or cutoff state of the MOS tube, the level of the power represented is pulled down to the corresponding level, and the corresponding return signal is returned to the central control console, so as to realize the execution of various actions of the hybrid electric vehicle.

[0076] When the MOS tube is turned on, the PBUS signal power line receives the power transmitted by the two-bus network, and at the same time, it is shown as a high level. When in the communication state, data 0 is sent, and at this time, there is no return signal.

[0077] When the MOS tube is turned off, the PBUS signal power line loses power and is pulled to the corresponding level by the load resistance. 12V is the start bit of signal transmission, and 7V is the data 1 sent. When the logic level provided by the central control console is 7V under the communication condition, the master control unit answers the signal and pulls down 7V to 0V. At this time, 7V represents the return data 0, and 0V represents the return data 1. The central control console will get the return signal of the two-bus network through the RX channel.

[0078] The central control console controls the hybrid vehicle to execute the action instructions according to the returned signals.

[0079] In addition, since the existing low-speed electric vehicle adopts the above-mentioned physical channel communication mode, it cannot receive the signals and power provided by the DC additional two-bus, so the following devices need to be upgraded to work under the unified communication mode: accelerator, central control console, instrument, brake, etc. The specific scheme is: the existing accelerator, central control, brake signals are concentrated in a two-bus transceiver box, which is connected to the two-bus network by a two-bus transceiver box for communication; the current power supply of the instrument is 48V / 60V, and the communication signal adopts Hall signal or analog phase signal. The improvement scheme is to cancel the Hall signal or analog phase signal line, and directly connect the 48V / 60V power supply line to the two-bus network as the two-bus. A two-bus transceiver circuit is built in the instrument to parse the speed, battery capacity and battery voltage information on the two-bus and display them.

[0080] The various embodiments in the specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0081] The principles and implementation manners of the present application are described by applying specific examples in this paper, and the above description of the embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present application and its core idea; at the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, the specific implementation manner and application range will be changed. In summary, the content of the specification should not be understood as a limitation of the present application.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet synchronous motor controller for a hybrid electric vehicle, characterized by, The application relates to a main plate, a heat dissipation base, a MOS tube, a main control unit, a two-bus network unit, a protective shell and a central control operation platform. The main plate is used for providing a carrier for circuit components; the heat dissipation base is used for fixing and dissipating heat of the main plate and is provided with the main plate on the top surface and a plurality of heat dissipation teeth on the bottom surface; the MOS tube is fixedly arranged on the heat dissipation base and is connected with the main plate and is used for signal transmission between circuit components on the main plate and for supporting the main plate; the main control unit is arranged on the main plate and is used for controlling the hybrid electric vehicle to execute a plurality of operations; the two-bus network unit is arranged on the main plate and is connected with the MOS tube, the main control unit and an external device and is used for realizing power supply and signal transmission between a permanent magnet synchronous motor controller and a whole vehicle device; the protective shell forms a closed cavity with the heat dissipation base, and the main plate, the MOS tube, the main control unit and the two-bus network unit are covered in the cavity; signal receiving and sending between the central control operation platform and the two-bus network is realized through RX, TX and GND three channels; the GND line comprises a GND channel; the PBUS signal power supply line comprises an RX channel and a TX channel, the RX channel is used for receiving signals, and the TX channel is used for sending signals; the permanent magnet synchronous motor controller of the hybrid electric vehicle is used for lowering a level of electric energy to a corresponding level according to a current on or off state of the MOS tube and returning a corresponding return signal to the central control operation platform, so as to realize execution of each action of the hybrid electric vehicle, and the execution of each action of the hybrid electric vehicle specifically comprises the following steps: when the MOS tube is turned on, the PBUS signal power supply line receives electric energy transmitted by the two-bus network and simultaneously shows a high level, when being in a communication state, data 0 is sent, and no return signal exists at this time; when the MOS tube is turned off, the PBUS signal power supply line loses power supply and is pulled to a corresponding level by a load resistance, 12V is a signal sending starting bit, 7V is data 1, when a logic level provided by the central control operation platform under a communication condition is 7V, the main control unit answers a signal and lowers 7V to 0V, at this time, 7V represents return data 0, and 0V represents return data 1, and the central control operation platform can obtain the return signal of the two-bus network through the RX channel; the central control operation platform controls execution of each action instruction of the hybrid electric vehicle according to the returned signal. The two-bus network unit comprises a direct-current additional two-bus transceiver, a direct-current additional two-bus receiving and sending line and two signal transmission lines; the two signal transmission lines comprise a GND line and a PBUS signal power supply line; The direct-current additional two-bus transceiver is connected with the main control unit and an external storage battery through the direct-current additional two-bus receiving and sending line; the direct-current additional two-bus transceiver is also connected with an external two-bus receiving and sending box through the GND line and the PBUS signal power supply line. The heat dissipation teeth are ladder-shaped special-shaped square teeth. The heat dissipation base is provided with a positioning hole, and the MOS tube is fixed through a screw. The MOS tube is welded with the two-bus network unit through a pin, and the pin direction of the MOS tube is reversed. The preparation material of the heat dissipation base is a 6-series aluminum alloy. ​ ​ 2. The permanent magnet synchronous motor controller of the hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, characterized by, ​ ​ 3. The permanent magnet synchronous motor controller of the hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, characterized by, ​ 4. The permanent magnet synchronous motor controller of the hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, characterized by, ​ 5. The permanent magnet synchronous motor controller of the hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, characterized by, ​ 6. The permanent magnet synchronous motor controller of the hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, characterized by, ​ 7. A signal transmission method for a permanent magnet synchronous motor controller of a hybrid vehicle, characterized by, The signal transmission method is applied to the permanent magnet synchronous motor controller in any one of claims 1-6, and the signal transmission method comprises the following steps: The two-bus network receives power provided by an external power supply device; The main control unit drives the motor in idle time, and controls the receiving and sending of signals between the central control console and the two-bus network in a timer mode; According to the received signal, the two-bus network unit controls the conduction or cutoff of the MOS tube through the conduction and cutoff of the MOS tube; According to the current conduction or cutoff state of the MOS tube, the power level is pulled down to the corresponding level, and the corresponding return signal is returned to the central control console, so as to realize the execution of various actions of the hybrid electric vehicle.

8. The signal transmission method of a permanent magnet synchronous motor controller for a hybrid vehicle according to claim 7, characterized by, The RX\TX\GND three channels adopt a set baud rate to perform signal transmission.

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