A variable-diameter neuroendoscopic surgical working channel

Abstract

The present invention provides a variable-diameter neuroendoscopic surgical working channel, comprising: a base plate; an expansion tube, the expansion tube being a circumferentially closed hollow cylindrical structure, and comprising a first edge portion and a second edge portion extending axially and capable of relative movement in the circumferential direction; the first edge portion being connected to the base plate and remaining relatively stationary with the base plate; and an adjustment assembly being connected to the second edge portion; the adjustment assembly being selectively connected or disconnected from the base plate, and when the adjustment assembly is connected to the base plate, the adjustment assembly remains relatively stationary with the base plate, and causes the second edge portion to remain relatively stationary with the base plate, and when the adjustment assembly is disconnected from the base plate, the adjustment assembly can drive the second edge portion to move relative to the base plate to change the inner diameter of the expansion tube. The variable-diameter neuroendoscopic surgical working channel can be applied to neuroendoscopic surgery, and the inner diameter of the expansion tube can be adjusted as needed to meet surgical needs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a variable-diameter neuroendoscopic surgical working channel. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, neuroendoscopic technology has developed rapidly and is widely used in surgeries for brain tumors, intraventricular lesions, and, particularly, hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage. The neuroendoscopic working channel, a device that penetrates the brain tissue to reach the affected structure, is an essential surgical device for neuroendoscopic surgery. The neuroendoscopic channel is typically cylindrical and inserted deep within the brain to provide surgical clearance. Initially, the working channel should be small to minimize mechanical damage to the brain tissue. During surgery, the inner diameter of the working channel should gradually increase to facilitate the insertion of surgical instruments such as the neuroendoscope, suction device, and bipolar electrocautery. Currently, most working channels used in clinical neuroendoscopic surgery have a fixed inner diameter, making them difficult to adapt to complex surgical situations. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new neuroendoscopic channel with an adjustable diameter to meet diverse intraoperative needs while minimizing mechanical damage to the brain tissue and effectively protecting neurological function. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a variable-diameter neuroendoscopic surgical working channel, the inner diameter of which can be changed according to actual needs to meet the requirements of various surgical processes.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a variable-diameter neuroendoscopic surgical working channel, comprising:

[0005] substrate;

[0006] an expansion tube, the expansion tube being a circumferentially closed hollow cylindrical structure and comprising a first edge portion and a second edge portion extending axially and movable relative to each other in the circumferential direction, the first edge portion being connected to the substrate and remaining relatively stationary therewith; and

[0007] An adjustment component is connected to the second edge portion; the adjustment component is selectively connected or disconnected from the substrate. When the adjustment component is connected to the substrate, the adjustment component and the substrate remain relatively stationary, and the second edge portion and the substrate remain relatively stationary. When the adjustment component is disconnected from the substrate, the adjustment component can drive the second edge portion to move relative to the first edge portion to change the inner diameter of the expansion tube.

[0008] Optionally, the expansion tube includes a sheet membrane material, a fixed shaft and a movable shaft, the sheet membrane material includes a first side line and a second side line arranged opposite to each other; the fixed shaft is connected to the first side line and constitutes the first edge portion; the movable shaft is connected to the second side line and constitutes the second edge portion.

[0009] Optionally, the sheet-like film material is a transparent sheet-like film material, and the material of the sheet-like film material is selected from any one of polycarbonate, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, and polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0010] Optionally, a through hole is provided on the substrate, the fixed axis is connected to the inner edge of the through hole, the axis of the expansion tube is parallel to, coincides with, or intersects with the axis of the through hole, and on a plane perpendicular to the axis of the through hole, the projection of the proximal end of the expansion tube is within the projection of the through hole.

[0011] Optionally, a limiting groove is provided on the fixed shaft, and the limiting groove passes through the fixing portion in the circumferential direction of the through hole; and the second edge line passes through the limiting groove.

[0012] Optionally, at least one locking hole is provided on the base plate. When the number of the locking holes is more than two, the more than two locking holes are arranged along the circumference of the through hole, and the adjustment component is used to selectively connect with one of the locking holes.

[0013] Optionally, the adjustment assembly includes a coupling plate and a locking shaft, the coupling plate is connected to the movable shaft, and the locking shaft is arranged on the coupling plate and is used to selectively connect with one of the locking holes.

[0014] Optionally, the locking hole is a threaded hole, the locking shaft is a threaded connector, and the locking shaft is rotatably connected to the coupling plate.

[0015] Optionally, the variable-diameter neuroendoscopic surgical working channel also includes an inner core, which includes a support portion, the outer diameter of which matches the minimum inner diameter of the expansion tube, and the support portion is used to at least partially pass through the expansion tube so that the distal end of the lumen of the expansion tube is closed by the inner core.

[0016] Optionally, the inner core also includes a guide portion, which is arranged at the distal end of the support portion, and the distal end of the guide portion is divided into a conical structure with a cross-section gradually decreasing from the proximal end to the distal end; when the support portion is at least partially inserted into the expansion tube, the guide portion is located outside the distal end of the expansion tube.

[0017] Optionally, the proximal outer diameter of the guide portion is larger than the distal outer diameter of the support portion, and the proximal end face of the guide portion is formed into a step surface; when the inner diameter of the expansion tube is the minimum inner diameter, the distal end of the expansion tube can rest on the step surface.

[0018] Optionally, a retreat groove extending axially through the outer peripheral surface of the inner core is provided.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the variable-diameter neuroendoscopic surgical working channel of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0020] The aforementioned variable-diameter neuroendoscopic surgical working channel includes a base plate, a dilator tube, and an adjustment assembly. The dilator tube is a circumferentially closed hollow cylindrical structure and includes a first edge portion extending axially and capable of relative movement in the circumferential direction, and a second edge portion. The first edge portion is connected to the base plate and remains relatively stationary therewith. The adjustment assembly is connected to the second edge portion and selectively connects and disconnects from the base plate. When the adjustment assembly is connected to the base plate, the adjustment assembly remains relatively stationary with the base plate and causes the second edge portion to remain relatively stationary therewith. When the adjustment assembly is disconnected from the base plate, the adjustment assembly can drive the second edge portion to move relative to the base plate to change the inner diameter of the dilator tube. The variable-diameter neuroendoscopic surgical working channel can be used in neuroendoscopic surgery, wherein the dilator tube is used to construct a surgical channel. The configuration of the variable-diameter neuroendoscopic surgical working channel allows the inner diameter of the dilator tube to be changed as needed. The channel diameter can be adjusted in real time and rotated at will to achieve a suitable angle and surgical space, thereby meeting the different requirements for the inner diameter of the surgical channel during various surgical procedures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The accompanying drawings are provided for a better understanding of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a variable-diameter neuroendoscopic surgical working channel provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a variable-diameter neuroendoscopic surgical working channel provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 and Figure 1 The observation direction is different;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a variable-diameter neuroendoscopic surgical working channel provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 and Figure 2 and Figure 1 The observation directions are different;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of a variable-diameter neuroendoscopic surgical working channel provided by an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, a limiting groove is provided on the fixed shaft;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of a variable-diameter neuroendoscopic surgical working channel provided by one embodiment of the present invention, wherein the sheet-like membrane material and the inner core of the expansion tube are not shown in the figure;

[0027] Figure 6 1 is a partial structural diagram of a variable-diameter neuroendoscopic surgical working channel provided by the present invention according to one embodiment. Figure 7 and Figure 5 The observation direction is different;

[0028] Figure 7 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an expansion tube for a variable-diameter neuroendoscopic surgical working channel according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, no limiting groove is provided on the fixed shaft;

[0029] Figure 8 1 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of a variable-diameter neuroendoscopic surgical working channel provided by another embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of a variable-diameter neuroendoscopic surgical working channel provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9 In the process, the inner core and the expansion tube are separated from each other;

[0031] Figure 10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the inner core of a variable-diameter neuroendoscopic surgical working channel provided by the present invention according to one embodiment.

[0032] [The following are the descriptions of the reference numerals]:

[0033] 10-variable diameter neuroendoscopic surgical working channel, 100-base plate, 101-through hole, 102-locking hole, 200-expansion tube, 210-first edge portion, 211-limiting groove, 220-second edge portion, 300-adjustment component, 310-joining plate, 320-locking shaft, 330-connecting seat, 340-knob, 400-inner core, 410-support portion, 420-guide portion, 401-retreat groove, 402-step surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention through specific specific examples. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in this embodiment only illustrate the basic concept of the present invention in a schematic manner, and the drawings only show components related to the present invention rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of components during actual implementation. During actual implementation, the type, quantity and proportion of each component can be changed at will, and the component layout type may also be more complicated.

[0035] In addition, each embodiment described below has one or more technical features. However, this does not mean that users of the present invention must implement all technical features in any embodiment at the same time, or that they can only implement some or all technical features in different embodiments separately. In other words, as long as implementation is possible, those skilled in the art can, based on the disclosure of the present invention and depending on design specifications or implementation requirements, selectively implement some or all technical features in any embodiment, or selectively implement a combination of some or all technical features in multiple embodiments, thereby increasing the flexibility of the implementation of the present invention.

[0036] As used in this specification, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" include plural objects, and the plural form "a plurality" includes more than two objects, unless the content clearly indicates otherwise. As used in this specification, the term "or" is generally used in a sense including "and / or", unless the content clearly indicates otherwise, and the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. It can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be a connection between the internal parts of two elements or an interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0037] In this article, the terms "proximal" and "distal" refer to the relative orientation, position, and direction of components or actions relative to each other from the perspective of a doctor using the medical device. Although "proximal" and "distal" are not restrictive, "proximal" generally refers to the end of the medical device that is close to the doctor during normal operation, and "distal" generally refers to the end that first enters the patient's body.

[0038] To make the objects, advantages, and features of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the drawings are greatly simplified and not to exact scale, and are intended solely to facilitate and clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention. Identical or similar reference numerals in the drawings represent identical or similar components.

[0039] Figures 1 to 3 FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a variable diameter neuroendoscopic surgery working channel 10 provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the variable diameter neuroendoscopic surgery working channel 10 includes a base plate 100, an expansion tube 200 and an adjustment component 300. Figure 4 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the expansion tube 200 is a circumferentially closed, hollow cylindrical structure. It includes a first edge portion 210 and a second edge portion 220 extending axially and capable of relative movement in the circumferential direction. The first edge portion 210 is connected to the base plate 100 and remains stationary relative to the base plate 100. The adjustment assembly 300 is connected to the second edge portion 220. The adjustment assembly 300 is also selectively connected to or disconnected from the base plate 100. When the adjustment assembly 300 is connected to the base plate 100, the adjustment assembly 300 remains stationary relative to the base plate 100, and the second edge portion 220 remains stationary relative to the base plate 100. This allows the second edge portion 220 to remain stationary relative to the first edge portion 210, maintaining the inner diameter of the expansion tube 200 constant. When the adjustment assembly 300 is disconnected from the base plate 100, the adjustment assembly 300 can cause the second edge portion 220 to move relative to the first edge portion 210, thereby changing the inner diameter of the expansion tube 200.

[0040] It will be appreciated that the expansion tube 200 is formed by winding a planar sheet-like structure. Therefore, when the inner diameter of the expansion tube 200 changes, the outer diameter of the expansion tube 200 also changes accordingly, and the changes in both directions are consistent. That is, when the inner diameter of the expansion tube 200 increases, the outer diameter of the expansion tube 200 increases accordingly, and when the inner diameter of the expansion tube 200 decreases, the inner diameter of the expansion tube 200 decreases accordingly. Furthermore, when the expansion tube 200 is unfolded and assumes a planar sheet-like structure, the first edge portion 210 and the second edge portion 220 are disposed opposite each other. Furthermore, the first edge portion 210 extending along the axial direction of the expansion tube 200 means that the first edge portion 210 has opposite ends in the axial direction of the expansion tube 200. This does not necessarily mean that the first edge portion 210 is a straight line parallel to the axis of the expansion tube 200. It may also be a curved line, a broken line, or a straight line inclined relative to the axis of the expansion tube 200. The same applies to the second edge portion 220.

[0041] The variable diameter neuroendoscopic surgical working channel 10 can be applied to neuroendoscopic surgery, wherein the dilator tube 200 is used to construct a surgical channel. The configuration of the variable diameter neuroendoscopic surgical working channel 10 allows the dilator tube 200 to have smaller inner and outer diameters by adjusting the adjustment component 300 before inserting the dilator tube 200 into the brain tissue, and during the insertion process, the adjustment component 300 is connected to the base plate 100 so that the first edge portion 210 and the second edge portion 220 remain relatively stationary, thereby keeping the dilator tube 200 at a smaller inner and outer diameter, facilitating insertion and reducing mechanical damage to the brain tissue. During the operation, the connection between the adjustment component 300 and the base plate 100 can be released, and the second edge portion 220 can be driven to move by the adjustment component 300 to increase the inner and outer diameters of the dilator tube 200 to meet the space requirements of the surgical operation. Moreover, when the expansion tube 200 is a hollow cylindrical structure and the inner and outer diameters of the expansion tube 200 increase, due to the winding characteristics of the planar sheet structure, the expansion tube 200 expands outward more evenly in all directions along its circumference, thereby causing the expansion tube 200 to apply a more uniform squeezing force to the brain tissue in all directions along its circumference to stretch the brain tissue. This expansion method can maintain a stable intracranial pressure and avoid applying squeezing force to the brain tissue in only one direction, thereby causing iatrogenic damage to the brain tissue. In this article, the inner diameter of the expansion tube 200 during the process of being inserted into the brain tissue is referred to as the minimum inner diameter. Those skilled in the art can understand that when the inner diameter of the expansion tube 200 is the minimum inner diameter, at least a local area of ​​the expansion tube 200 is a structure of more than two layers.

[0042] For more details, please refer to Figure 2 、 Figure 3 , and combined with Figure 4 、 Figure 6 ,and Figure 7 The expansion tube 200 includes a sheet membrane material 230, a fixed axis and a movable axis, wherein when the expansion tube 200 is unfolded into a planar sheet structure, the sheet membrane material 210 includes a first side line and a second side line that are relatively arranged, the fixed axis is connected to the first side line and constitutes the first edge portion 210, and the movable axis is connected to the second side line and constitutes the second edge portion 220.

[0043] Preferably, the sheet membrane is a transparent sheet membrane, so that the dilation tube 200 can provide a visualized surgical channel and a clear surgical field of view, accurately exposing the surgical site, and allowing the operator to observe the tissue surrounding the surgical channel through the sheet membrane, thereby promptly detecting any bleeding points and stopping bleeding, thereby improving surgical safety. Optional materials for the sheet membrane include, but are not limited to, any one of polycarbonate (PC), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).

[0044] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the movable axis, i.e., the second edge portion 220, is preferably located within the inner cavity of the dilation tube 200. Thus, when the dilation tube 200 is at least partially a two-layer structure, the movable portion 310 is isolated from the brain tissue, thereby minimizing friction between the second edge portion 220 and the brain tissue during movement, thereby minimizing damage to the brain tissue.

[0045] In this embodiment, the fixed axis, i.e., the first edge portion 210, is connected to the inner edge of the through hole 111, and the projection of the proximal end of the expansion tube 200 is located within the projection of the through hole 111 on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the through hole 111. Optionally, the axis of the expansion tube 200 is parallel to, coincides with, or intersects with the axis of the through hole 111. It is understood that when the axis of the expansion tube 200 is parallel to or coincides with the axis of the through hole 111, the expansion tube 200 is perpendicular to the substrate 100, while when the axis of the expansion tube 200 intersects with the axis of the through hole 111, the expansion tube 200 is not perpendicular to the substrate 100. In this case, the acute angle formed by the axis of the expansion tube 200 and the axis of the through hole 111 is less than or equal to 60°.

[0046] Please continue to refer to Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6In some implementations, a limiting groove 211 is further provided on the fixed shaft, and the limiting groove 211 extends along the length direction of the fixed shaft (that is, the axial direction of the expansion tube 200), and the limiting groove 211 also penetrates the fixed shaft in the circumferential direction of the through hole 111. The limiting groove 211 is configured to allow the second side line to pass through, but not to allow the movable shaft to pass through, so the second side line is connected to the movable shaft after passing through the limiting groove 211. The purpose of this arrangement is to use the fixed shaft to limit the movement of the second edge portion 220, to avoid excessive movement of the second edge portion 220, resulting in the planar sheet structure being unable to be wound into the circumferentially closed expansion tube 200. It can be understood that here, when the movable shaft is located in the inner cavity of the expansion tube 200, the fixed shaft will also be partially located in the inner cavity of the expansion tube 200. It can also be understood that in alternative implementations, such as Figure 7 The limiting groove may not be provided on the fixed shaft.

[0047] Please refer back to Figure 2 , and combined Figure 4 and Figure 5 In this embodiment, when the adjustment assembly 300 is disconnected from the base plate 100, the adjustment assembly 300 can at least move along the circumference of the through hole 111, thereby driving the second edge portion 220 to move along the circumference of the through hole 111 to change the inner diameter of the expansion tube 200. When the adjustment assembly 300 is connected to the base plate 100, the movable axis and the fixed axis can be parallel to each other.

[0048] Please refer back to Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 5 , and combined with Figure 8 , the base plate 100 is provided with at least one locking hole 102. Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, only one locking hole 102 is provided on the substrate 100, and the adjustment assembly 300 is used to connect with the locking hole 102, so that the adjustment assembly 300 is connected to the substrate 100. When the adjustment assembly 300 moves along the circumference of the through hole 111 to drive the second edge portion 220 to move to adjust the inner diameter of the expansion tube 200, the angle of rotation of the adjustment assembly 300 around the axis of the through hole 111 should be 360 ​​degrees, so that the adjustment assembly 300 can be reconnected with the locking hole 102. Please refer to Figure 8In other embodiments, the substrate 100 is provided with two or more locking holes 102, which are arranged along the circumference of the through hole 111, and the adjustment assembly 300 is used to selectively connect with one of the locking holes 102. In this case, when the adjustment assembly 300 drives the second edge portion 220 to move to adjust the inner diameter of the expansion tube 200, the angle that the adjustment assembly 300 rotates around the axis of the through hole 111 can be determined based on the deflection angle between two adjacent locking holes 102. For example, Figure 8 As shown in the figure, four locking holes 102 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the through hole 111. Then, the angle that the adjustment component 300 rotates around the axis of the through hole 111 each time can be an integer multiple of 90°.

[0049] Optionally, the adjustment assembly 300 includes a coupling plate 310 and a locking shaft 320. The coupling plate 310 is connected to the movable shaft. The locking shaft 320 is disposed on the coupling plate 310 and is configured to be coupled to one of the locking holes 102. Furthermore, the locking hole 102 is a threaded hole, and accordingly, the locking shaft 320 is a threaded connector, such as a bolt. The locking shaft 320 is rotatably coupled to the coupling plate 310 using any suitable means. In an optional implementation, the adjustment assembly 300 also includes a connecting seat 330, which is arranged on the connecting plate 310, and the connecting seat 330 has an inner cavity perpendicular to the connecting plate 310, and the locking shaft 320 is partially passed through the inner cavity of the connecting seat 330 and is rotatably connected to the connecting seat 330 (that is, the locking shaft 320 is indirectly connected to the connecting plate 310 through the connecting seat 330), and an operating knob 340 is also provided at the proximal end of the locking shaft 320 to facilitate the operator to rotate the locking shaft 320.

[0050] Further, please refer back to Figure 1 , and combined with Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10The variable-diameter neuroendoscopic surgical working channel 10 also includes an inner core 400, and the inner core 400 includes a support portion 410. The outer diameter of the support portion 410 matches the minimum inner diameter of the expansion tube 200. During the process of inserting the expansion tube 200 into the brain tissue, the support portion 410 is at least partially inserted into the expansion tube 200, and the distal end of the lumen of the expansion tube 200 is closed by the inner core 400, thereby preventing the distal end of the expansion tube 200 from cutting the brain tissue and causing sharp damage to the brain tissue. It can be understood that when the expansion tube 200 reaches the predetermined depth of the brain tissue and before the surgical instrument is inserted to perform the surgical operation, the inner core 400 can be withdrawn.

[0051] When the movable shaft is disposed inside the expansion tube 200, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 10 The inner core 400 is further provided with a retreat groove 401 extending through it along its axial direction. The retreat groove 401 is used to accommodate the portion of the movable shaft and the fixed shaft located in the cavity of the expansion tube 200, so that the support portion 410 can be at least partially passed through the expansion tube 200, and the inner core 400 is used to close the distal end of the lumen of the expansion tube 200.

[0052] Furthermore, the inner core 400 also includes a guide portion 420, which is disposed at the distal end of the support portion 410. The distal portion of the guide portion 420 is a tapered structure with a cross-section that gradually decreases from the proximal end to the distal end. The cross-section of the proximal portion of the guide portion 420 can remain unchanged. When the support portion 410 is at least partially inserted into the expansion tube 200, the guide portion 420 is located outside the distal end of the expansion tube 200. It serves to guide the expansion tube 200 during insertion into brain tissue, minimizing local pressure on the brain tissue and further reducing damage to the brain tissue.

[0053] Optionally, please refer to Figure 10The proximal outer diameter of the guide portion 420 is greater than the distal outer diameter of the support portion 410, and the proximal end surface of the guide portion 420 is formed into a stepped surface 402. When the inner diameter of the expansion tube 200 is the minimum inner diameter and the support portion 410 is at least partially inserted into the expansion tube 200, the distal end of the expansion tube 200 abuts against the stepped surface 402, and the distal end of the expansion tube 200 does not protrude from the guide portion 420, further reducing damage to brain tissue caused by the expansion tube 200 during insertion. It can be understood that in this case, before withdrawing the inner core 400, the adjustment assembly 300 needs to drive the second edge portion 220 to move to increase the inner diameter of the expansion tube 200. In addition, the size of the retreat groove 401 should be large enough so as not to interfere with the movement of the second edge portion 220.

[0054] While the present invention is disclosed above, it is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, the present invention is intended to encompass such modifications and variations as long as they fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A variable diameter neuroendoscopic surgical working channel, characterized in that: include: A substrate, wherein the substrate is provided with a through hole and at least one locking hole; when the number of the locking holes is two or more, the two or more locking holes are arranged along the circumference of the through hole; An expansion tube, the expansion tube is a circumferentially closed hollow cylindrical structure, and includes a first edge portion and a second edge portion extending axially and movable relative to each other in the circumferential direction, the first edge portion being connected to the inner edge of the through hole and remaining relatively stationary with respect to the substrate; the axis of the expansion tube is parallel to, coincides with, or intersects with the axis of the through hole, and on a plane perpendicular to the axis of the through hole, the projection of the proximal end of the expansion tube is within the projection of the through hole; the expansion tube includes a sheet film material, a fixed shaft, and a movable shaft, the sheet film material including a first side line and a second side line arranged opposite to each other; the fixed shaft is connected to the first side line and constitutes the first edge portion; the movable shaft is connected to the second side line and constitutes the second edge portion; and, An adjusting assembly is connected to the second edge portion; the adjusting assembly is used to be selectively threadedly connected to one of the locking holes to connect to the base plate, or to be disconnected from the locking hole to disconnect from the base plate. When the adjusting assembly is connected to the base plate, the adjusting assembly and the base plate remain relatively stationary, and the second edge portion and the base plate remain relatively stationary. When the adjusting assembly is disconnected from the base plate, the adjusting assembly can drive the second edge portion to move relative to the first edge portion to change the inner diameter of the expansion tube; the adjusting assembly includes a coupling plate and a locking shaft, the coupling plate is connected to the movable shaft, and the locking shaft is arranged on the coupling plate and is used to be selectively connected to one of the locking holes.

2. The variable-diameter neuroendoscopic surgical working channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sheet-like film material is a transparent sheet-like film material, and the material of the sheet-like film material is selected from any one of polycarbonate, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, and polytetrafluoroethylene.

3. The variable-diameter neuroendoscopic surgical working channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting groove is provided on the fixed shaft, and the limiting groove passes through the fixed shaft in the circumferential direction of the through hole; the second edge line passes through the limiting groove.

4. The variable-diameter neuroendoscopic surgical working channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking hole is a threaded hole, the locking shaft is a threaded connector, and the locking shaft is rotatably connected to the coupling plate.

5. The variable-diameter neuroendoscopic surgical working channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The variable-diameter neuroendoscopic surgical working channel also includes an inner core, which includes a support portion. The outer diameter of the support portion matches the minimum inner diameter of the expansion tube. The support portion is used to at least partially pass through the expansion tube so that the distal end of the lumen of the expansion tube is closed by the inner core.

6. The variable-diameter neuroendoscopic surgical working channel according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner core also includes a guide portion, which is arranged at the distal end of the support portion, and the distal end of the guide portion is divided into a conical structure with a cross-section gradually decreasing from the proximal end to the distal end; when the support portion is at least partially inserted into the expansion tube, the guide portion is located outside the distal end of the expansion tube.

7. The variable-diameter neuroendoscopic surgical working channel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The proximal outer diameter of the guide portion is larger than the distal outer diameter of the support portion, and the proximal end surface of the guide portion is formed into a step surface; when the inner diameter of the expansion tube is the minimum inner diameter, the distal end of the expansion tube can rest on the step surface.

8. The variable-diameter neuroendoscopic surgical working channel according to claim 5, characterized in that: A relief groove extending through the outer peripheral surface of the inner core in the axial direction is provided.

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