Equipment and method for upward construction of vertical shaft

Abstract

The present invention provides an upward shaft construction device and method, the upward shaft construction device comprises: a rotary cutting device, a jacking device and a back-stop device, the rotary cutting device can be installed on the upper end of the shaft segment, the jacking device can be detachably abutted against the lower end of the shaft segment and drive the shaft segment and the rotary cutting device to move upward, and the back-stop device can be detachably connected to the shaft segment and support the shaft segment. Through the present invention, the segment can be prevented from retreating under the action of gravity during the construction process, the safety is high, the complexity of the construction process is reduced, the number of construction personnel is reduced, and the equipment can be retreated downward in the shaft by using a back-up cylinder and a back-up stand, the main tunnel segment is also used as a cutter disc, the cutter disc manufacturing process is simplified, and there is no need to make a cutter disc separately.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of underground engineering construction, and in particular to an upward vertical shaft construction device and method. Background Art

[0002] Vertical shaft construction is usually carried out by digging from the ground downwards, alternating between excavation and walling. When the stratum is unstable and has a high water content, freezing method, pre-grouting and other technologies are also needed to assist the construction. The construction process is complex, inefficient, and unsafe, and the interface with the main tunnel is difficult to handle. At the same time, temporary enclosures are required during ground construction, which not only hinders traffic but also destroys the urban landscape.

[0003] In addition to the method of digging from the ground downward, the vertical shaft construction can also be constructed upward. The existing mechanized construction methods for constructing the vertical shaft upward include shield method and pipe jacking method.

[0004] The construction scheme disclosed in Japanese patent application JP2017-179902A and Chinese patent application CN108691550A is to use a shield machine to construct a vertical shaft upward. It is necessary to use a segment crane and a segment assembler to transport the segments to the tail end of the shield for assembly. As the upward excavation length increases, the lifting distance and time increase accordingly, and the difficulty of transportation increases; and each ring of the shield method is divided into many blocks, and the assembly process is relatively cumbersome; at the same time, the equipment is long and occupies more main tunnel space, and the equipment cost is high.

[0005] The construction schemes disclosed in Chinese patent application CN113216973A and Chinese patent application CN110700838A are to construct the vertical shaft upward by the jacking method. Both adopt a back-stop bracket and a clamping device to stop the equipment and pipe sections from retreating, which will have a certain back-stopping effect in the initial stage. However, as the excavation length increases, the back-stopping effect will be greatly weakened, which poses a certain risk. In addition, the back-off function in the shaft cannot be realized, which limits its application to areas with heavy traffic and shallow buried objects on the surface.

[0006] In summary, the upward shaft construction process in the prior art has technical problems of low mechanization level and complicated construction procedures. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an upward shaft construction device and method, which can avoid the retreat of pipe segments under the action of gravity during construction, has high safety, reduces the complexity of the construction process, reduces the number of construction personnel, and can realize the downward retreat of the equipment in the shaft by using a retreat cylinder and a retreat stand; the main tunnel pipe segment is also used as a cutter disc, which simplifies the cutter disc manufacturing process and eliminates the need to manufacture the cutter disc separately.

[0008] The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0009] The present invention provides an upward shaft construction device, comprising: a rotary cutting device, a jacking device and a back-stop device, wherein the rotary cutting device can be installed on the upper end of the shaft segment, the jacking device can be detachably abutted against the lower end of the shaft segment and drive the shaft segment and the rotary cutting device to move upward, and the back-stop device can be detachably connected to the shaft segment and support the shaft segment.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the upward shaft construction equipment includes a retraction device, an outer shield shell and an inner shield shell, the shaft segment is connected to the lower end of the outer shield shell, the inner shield shell is detachably mounted on the outer shield shell by inner shield shell bolts, and the rotary cutting device is connected to the inner shield shell; the retraction device includes a retraction platform, a retraction cylinder and a retraction rod; the retraction rod is installed on the retraction platform and can be extended into the grouting hole of the shaft segment to support the retraction platform; the retraction cylinder is installed on the retraction platform and can be connected to the inner shield shell, and the retraction cylinder can perform up and down telescopic movement; the inner shield shell bolts can be extended into the grouting hole of the shaft segment to support the rotary cutting device.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the anti-retreat device includes an anti-retreat stand and an anti-retreat rod, wherein the anti-retreat rod is installed on the anti-retreat stand and can extend into the grouting hole of the shaft segment to support the shaft segment.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the anti-retreat stand is arranged in the vertical shaft segment, the anti-retreat stand is ring-shaped, and a plurality of the anti-retreat rods are distributed around the anti-retreat stand.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the anti-retreat stand is provided with a plurality of circumferentially distributed radial through holes, and the anti-retreat rod is movably installed in the radial through holes.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the peeling device includes a driving device, a supporting mechanism and a cutter disc, wherein the cutter disc is detachably connected to the driving device via the supporting mechanism, and the driving device is used to drive the cutter disc to rotate.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the cutterhead is a segment cutterhead used as a main tunnel segment.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the jacking device includes a reaction cylinder and an annular top iron, the reaction cylinder is installed on the annular top iron, the annular top iron can carry the shaft segment, and the reaction cylinder can drive the annular top iron to move up and down.

[0017] The present invention provides a method for constructing a vertical shaft upward, comprising:

[0018] Step S10, the jacking device and the stop device act alternately to drive the rotary cutting device to dig upward and apply the shaft segment;

[0019] Step S20, disassembling the peeling device and removing the back-stopping device;

[0020] Step S30, applying shear keys and annular steel plates, and removing the jacking device;

[0021] The step S10 comprises:

[0022] Step S11, the jacking device drives the shaft segment and the rotary cutting device to move upward to perform excavation;

[0023] Step S12, the anti-retraction device supports the shaft segment and the rotary cutting device;

[0024] Step S13, the jacking device retreats, and the next ring of shaft segments is assembled between the jacking device and the installed shaft segments;

[0025] The steps S11, S12 and S13 are implemented in a loop.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, the step S20 includes: step S21, removing the cutter head and the support mechanism in the rotary cutting device, and removing the stop device; step S22, installing a cover plate on the upper end of the outer shield shell of the upward shaft construction equipment; step S23, installing a retraction device on the lower end of the inner shield shell of the upward shaft construction equipment, and the retraction cylinder and the retraction rod in the retraction device move alternately with the inner shield shell bolts to make the inner shield shell and the driving device in the rotary cutting device retract downward to the main tunnel;

[0027] The step S30 comprises: step S31, inserting shear keys into the soil around the shaft through the grouting holes of the shaft segment at intervals; step S32, removing the jacking device; step S33, applying an annular steel plate at the bottom end of the shaft segment;

[0028] The step S21, the step S22, the step S23, the step S31, the step S32 and the step S33 are implemented in sequence.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0030] 1. The main tunnel segment is also used as the cutter disc, which simplifies the cutter disc manufacturing process. There is no need to make the cutter disc separately, which saves the cutter disc manufacturing materials and has the advantages of low carbon, environmental protection and energy saving;

[0031] 2. The space occupied by the cutter head and the articulated cylinder is omitted, so the equipment has a short body and occupies a small space, which can make full use of the main tunnel space;

[0032] 3. The outer shield shell is also used as the shaft segment. After the shaft construction is completed, the outer shield shell is used as the shaft segment to avoid waste caused by the equipment being abandoned and returned;

[0033] 4. A stop device is set at the center bottom of the shaft to achieve orderly assembly and jacking of the shaft segments;

[0034] 5. Insert shear keys into the soil layer around the shaft segments through the grouting holes of the shaft segments to resist the deadweight effect of the shaft segments and achieve permanent support for the shaft segments;

[0035] 6. The equipment can be retracted downward in the shaft by using the retraction cylinder and retraction platform, thus avoiding the impact of shaft excavation on shallow buried objects and reducing the impact on the surrounding environment;

[0036] 7. By applying a waterproof cover, the equipment can be safely retreated in the shaft under the water surface;

[0037] 8. After the shaft construction is completed, the cutter head is separated from the supporting mechanism, and the bracket and flange parts can be reused, which is economical and environmentally friendly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0039] Figure 1-Figure 6 A working sequence diagram of the upward lifting of the upward construction shaft equipment provided by the present invention from underwater;

[0040] Figure 7-Figure 8 A working sequence diagram of the upward construction shaft equipment provided by the present invention retreating into the well below the water surface;

[0041] Figure 9-11 A working sequence diagram for the construction of the underwater structure of the upward construction shaft equipment provided by the present invention;

[0042] Fig.12 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of the middle A;

[0043] Figure 13-Figure 16 A working sequence diagram of the upward lifting of the upward construction shaft equipment provided by the present invention from underground;

[0044] Figure 17-Figure 18 A working sequence diagram of the upward construction shaft equipment provided by the present invention retreating into the underground well;

[0045] Figure 19-21A working sequence diagram for the construction of the underground structure of the upward construction shaft equipment provided by the present invention;

[0046] Fig. 22 This is a schematic diagram of the main tunnel structure using pipe jacking method segments;

[0047] Fig.23 for Fig. 22 A top view of an embodiment of the main tunnel is shown;

[0048] Fig.24 for Fig. 22 A top view of another embodiment of the main tunnel is shown;

[0049] Fig.25 This is a schematic diagram of the main tunnel structure using pipe jacking method segments;

[0050] Fig.26 for Fig.25 A top view of an embodiment of the main tunnel is shown;

[0051] Fig. 27 for Fig.25 A top view of another embodiment of the main tunnel is shown;

[0052] Fig.28 A schematic diagram of the method for constructing a vertical shaft upward provided by the present invention.

[0053] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0054] 199. Peeling device;

[0055] 1. Segment cutter disc; 101. Cutting disc; 1-1. Center fishtail cutter;

[0056] 10. Driving device;

[0057] 39. Support mechanism; 3. Corbel; 4. Flange;

[0058] 11. Outer shield; 12. Inner shield; 13. Water injection hole; 14. Outer shield bolt; 17. Inner shield bolt;

[0059] 2. Main tunnel segments; 500, segment bolts;

[0060] 20. Starting steel sleeve; 30. Water-stop sealing ring;

[0061] 40, shaft segment; 40-1, grouting hole;

[0062] 599, jacking device; 5, reaction cylinder; 6, annular jacking iron;

[0063] 1599, retraction device; 15, retraction cylinder; 16, retraction platform; 16-1, retraction rod;

[0064] 5099, anti-retraction device; 50, anti-retraction stand; 51, radial through hole; 50-1, anti-retraction rod;

[0065] 60. Track; 70. Carriage;

[0066] 90. Shear key; 100. Annular steel plate;

[0067] 80, cover plate; 200, steel grille;

[0068] 300. Locking ring beam; 400. Stairs. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0070] Solution 1

[0071] The present invention provides an upward construction shaft device, such as Figure 1-Figure 12 As shown, the construction equipment includes: a rotary cutting device 199, a jacking device 599 and a back-stopping device 5099. The rotary cutting device 199 can be installed on the upper end of the shaft segment 40. The jacking device 599 can be detachably abutted against the lower end of the shaft segment 40 and drive the shaft segment 40 and the rotary cutting device 199 to move upward. The back-stopping device 5099 can be detachably connected to the shaft segment 40 and support the shaft segment 40.

[0072] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the lifting device 599 includes a reaction cylinder 5 and an annular top iron 6. The reaction cylinder 5 is installed on the annular top iron 6. The reaction cylinder 5 and the annular top iron 6 are arranged on the upper part of the trolley 70. The piston rod of the reaction cylinder 5 is in contact with the trolley 70. When the piston rod is extended downward, it can drive the annular top iron 6 to move upward; when the piston rod of the reaction cylinder 5 is contracted, it can drive the annular top iron 6 to move downward.

[0073] The upward construction shaft equipment adopts the jacking method to construct the shaft upward. The jacking device 599 drives the rotary cutting device 199 and the applied shaft segments 40 to move upward, and the rotary cutting device 199 excavates the soil. After rising a certain distance, the stop device 5099 is connected to the shaft segments 40 to support the shaft segments 40, and then the reaction cylinder 5 drives the annular top iron 6 to retreat downward, and the newly assembled shaft segments 40 are placed on the annular top iron 6. The newly assembled shaft segments 40 are located below the applied shaft segments 40; the jacking device 599 pushes the newly assembled shaft segments 40 to move upward until they abut against the previous ring of applied shaft segments 40, and then the stop device 5099 is separated from the shaft segments 40, and the jacking device 599 drives the rotary cutting device 199 and the shaft segments 40 to move upward again. The lifting device 599 cooperates with the stop device 5099 to perform alternating cycles to realize the upward construction of the shaft. The upward construction shaft equipment avoids the pipe segments from retreating under the action of gravity during the construction process, improves safety, reduces the complexity of the construction process, and reduces the number of construction personnel.

[0074] The upward construction shaft equipment includes a trolley 70 and a track 60. Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, a track 60 is arranged on the bottom segment of the main tunnel for the operation of the trolley 70, and a lifting device 599 and a stop device 5099 are arranged on the upper part of the trolley 70. The trolley 70 and the track 60 can be used to transport the lifting device 599, the stop device 5099 and the shaft segment 40.

[0075] In one embodiment, the anti-retreat device 5099 includes an anti-retreat stand 50 and an anti-retreat rod 50-1. The anti-retreat rod 50-1 is installed on the anti-retreat stand 50 and can extend into the grouting hole 40-1 of the shaft segment 40. The anti-retreat rod 50-1 effectively utilizes the grouting hole 40-1 of the shaft segment 40 itself without changing the structure of the shaft segment 40. When the shaft depth is large, the water and soil pressure is relatively high. In this embodiment, the outer wall of the shaft segment 40 remains flat and smooth, which is conducive to a close fit with the water-stop sealing ring 30 arranged on the inner side of the starting steel sleeve 20, thereby ensuring the sealing between the outer wall of the shaft segment 40 and the starting steel sleeve 20, and effectively avoiding water leakage.

[0076] like Figure 4-Figure 6 , Fig.12 and Fig.16As shown, the anti-retreat stand 50 is arranged in the shaft segment 40, and the anti-retreat stand 50 is annular, and a plurality of anti-retreat rods 50-1 are distributed circumferentially around the anti-retreat stand 50. After the reaction cylinder 5 lifts a ring of shaft segments 40 upward through the annular top iron 6, the anti-retreat rod 50-1 is inserted into the grouting hole 40-1 of the shaft segment 40 to stop the rotary cutting device 199 and the shaft segment 40, so as to realize the downward retreat and contraction of the reaction cylinder 5, and then assemble the next ring of shaft segments 40. The anti-retreat rod 50-1 transfers the deadweight of the rotary cutting device 199 and the shaft segment 40 to the anti-retreat stand 50, and transmits and diffuses it to the bottom of the main tunnel through the trolley 70. Furthermore, the anti-retreat stand 50 is provided with a plurality of radial through holes 51 distributed circumferentially, and the anti-retreat rod 50-1 can be movably installed in the radial through hole 51.

[0077] like Figure 3-Figure 6 and Figure 15-16 As shown, the rotary cutting device 199 includes a driving device 10, a supporting mechanism 39 and a cutter disc 101. The cutter disc 101 is detachably connected to the driving device 10 through the supporting mechanism 39. The driving device 10 is used to drive the cutter disc 101 to rotate. The driving device 10 and the cutter disc 101 are separated before the shaft construction. During the shaft construction, the supporting mechanism 39 connects the cutter disc 101 and the driving device 10 together. In one embodiment, the cutter disc 101 is a segment cutter disc 1 used as a main tunnel segment 2, such as Figure 1-Figure 3 and Figure 13-Figure 15 As shown, when the main tunnel segment 2 is assembled, a segment cutter disc 1 is set at the preset shaft. The segment cutter disc 1 is a component of the main tunnel segment 2. When the shaft is constructed, the support mechanism 39 connects the segment cutter disc 1 with the drive device 10. The segment cutter disc 1 is used as a cutter disc 101 for upward excavation of the shaft, which saves the cutter disc manufacturing materials and helps to reduce the manufacturing cost of the upward shaft construction equipment and the shaft construction cost. At the preset shaft, the segment cutter disc 1 and the surrounding main tunnel segments 2 can be connected by segment bolts 500. Specifically, the segment cutter disc 1 includes a steel segment and different types of cutters arranged on the outside thereof. Further, the segment cutter disc 1 is provided with a central fishtail cutter 1-1.

[0078] The segment cutter head 1 can be applied to the main tunnel of the shield method or the main tunnel of the jacking method, such as Fig. 22 As shown, the main tunnel segment 2 is a jacking segment; Fig.25 As shown, the main tunnel segment 2 is a shield segment. The segment cutter head 1 is a part of the main tunnel segment 2. Furthermore, the segment cutter head 1 can be circular or non-circular. Fig.23 As shown, the main tunnel segment 2 is a jacking segment, and the segment cutter head 1 is circular; Fig.24 As shown, the main tunnel segment 2 is a jacking segment, and the segment cutter head 1 is non-circular. Fig.26 As shown, the main tunnel segment 2 is a shield segment, and the segment cutter head 1 is circular; Fig. 27 As shown, the main tunnel segment 2 is a shield segment, and the segment cutter head 1 is non-circular.

[0079] like Figure 2-Figure 3 As shown, the support mechanism 39 includes a corbel 3 and a flange 4. The segment cutter disc 1 and the corbel 3 can be welded. The corbel 3 and the flange 4 are an integral component. The flange 4 is connected to the driving device 10 by bolts. The driving device 10 drives the flange 4 to rotate around the axis, thereby driving the segment cutter disc 1 to rotate and cut the soil.

[0080] like Figure 3 and Fig.15 As shown, the upward shaft construction equipment includes an outer shield shell 11 and an inner shield shell 12. The shaft segment 40 is connected to the lower end of the outer shield shell 11. The inner shield shell 12 is detachably mounted on the outer shield shell 11 by means of inner shield shell bolts 17. The driving device 10 in the rotary cutting device 199 is connected to the inner shield shell 12, so as to facilitate the separation of the inner shield shell 12 and the outer shield shell 11 after the shaft is completed, so as to realize the retreat of the equipment in the shaft. In one embodiment, the upward construction shaft equipment includes a retraction device 1599, and the retraction device 1599 includes a retraction platform 16, a retraction cylinder 15 and a retraction rod 16-1; the retraction rod 16-1 is installed on the retraction platform 16, and can be extended into the grouting hole 40-1 of the shaft segment 40 to support the retraction platform 16; the retraction cylinder 15 is installed on the retraction platform 16, and can be connected to the inner shield shell 12, and the retraction cylinder 15 can move up and down; the inner shield shell bolt 17 can extend into the grouting hole 40-1 of the shaft segment 40 to support the driving device 10. After the rotary cutting device 199 completes the shaft excavation, the retraction platform 16 is lifted to the bottom end of the rotary cutting device 199 by using the fall chain and the motor, and is connected to the inner shield shell 12 through the retraction cylinder 15; the retraction rod 16-1 extends into the grouting hole 40-1 of the shaft segment 40 to support the retraction platform 16 and the drive device 10, and the position of the retraction platform 16 remains stable; the support mechanism 39 and the drive device 10 are separated, the cover plate 80 is installed on the upper end of the outer shield shell 11, and then the inner shield shell 12 and the outer shield shell 11 are separated; the retraction cylinder 15 contracts downward, which can drive the inner shield shell 12 and the drive device 10 to move downward; by retracting the retraction cylinder 15 and alternately inserting the retraction rod 16-1 and the inner shield shell bolt 17 into the grouting hole 40-1 of the shaft segment 40, the inner shield shell 12 and the drive device 10 can be retracted in the well. After the shaft retreat is completed, the retreated equipment is transported to the next shaft by the trolley 70 and the track 60, which shortens the transportation distance and improves the efficiency of multi-shaft construction. By adopting the shaft retreat, the problem of the shaft in the coastal area where the equipment cannot be lifted out of the water is solved, and the shaft can be constructed upward from the water surface. For areas with busy road traffic, the use of shaft retreat is conducive to reducing the time of occupying the road and avoiding affecting traffic.

[0081] The outer shield shell 11 can also serve as the shaft segment 40 and become a part of the shaft structure. After the shaft construction is completed, the outer shield shell 11 is used as the shaft segment to avoid waste caused by the equipment being abandoned and returned. Furthermore, the outer shield shell 11 is of equal thickness to the shaft segment 40, and the two are connected by bolts. The outer shield shell bolts 14 are provided at the end of the outer shield shell 11 for later installation of the cover plate 80 and the steel grille 200.

[0082] In one embodiment, the front end of the upward construction shaft equipment is provided with a plurality of water injection holes 13. During the jacking and excavation process, the soil can be injected with improvement liquid through the water injection holes 13 to improve the soil, so as to facilitate the upward jacking of the equipment. Figure 5 As shown, the water injection hole 13 is arranged at the top of the driving device 10. The upward shaft construction equipment can consider to realize no slag discharge during shaft construction through soil improvement and cutter head disturbance, or adopt mud water circulation system for slag discharge.

[0083] Solution 2

[0084] The present invention provides a method for constructing a vertical shaft upward, and the construction method includes: step S10, the jacking device 599 and the stop device 5099 act alternately to drive the rotary cutting device 199 to excavate upward and apply the vertical shaft segment 40; step S20, dismantle the rotary cutting device 199 and remove the stop device 5099; step S30, apply the shear key 90 and the annular steel plate 100, and remove the jacking device 599. Step S10 includes: step S11, the jacking device 599 drives the vertical shaft segment 40 and the rotary cutting device 199 to move upward to perform excavation; step S12, the stop device 5099 supports the vertical shaft segment 40 and the rotary cutting device 199; step S13, the jacking device 599 retreats, and the next ring of vertical shaft segments 40 is assembled between the jacking device 599 and the applied vertical shaft segment 40; step S11, step S12 and step S13 are implemented cyclically.

[0085] In this method of constructing a vertical shaft upward, the lifting device 599 cooperates with the anti-retraction device 5099 to operate in an alternating cycle to realize the upward construction of the vertical shaft, avoiding the retreat of the pipe segments under the action of gravity during the construction process, having higher safety, reducing the complexity of the construction process, and reducing the number of construction personnel.

[0086] like Fig.28As shown, step S20 includes: step S21, removing the cutter head and support mechanism in the rotary cutting device, and removing the stop device; step S22, installing a cover plate on the upper end of the outer shield shell of the upward construction shaft equipment; step S23, installing a retraction device on the lower end of the inner shield shell of the upward construction shaft equipment, and the retraction cylinder and retraction rod in the retraction device move alternately with the inner shield shell bolts to make the inner shield shell and the driving device in the rotary cutting device retract downward to the main tunnel. Step S30 includes: step S31, inserting shear keys 90 into the soil around the shaft through the grouting holes 40-1 of the shaft segment 40; step S32, removing the jacking device; step S33, applying an annular steel plate at the bottom end of the shaft segment. Steps S21, step S22, step S23, step S31, step S32 and step S33 are implemented in sequence.

[0087] After the driving device 10 retreats to the main tunnel, shear keys 90 are intermittently inserted into the soil layer around the shaft segment 40 through the grouting holes 40-1, and the shaft segment 40 is supported by the force between the shear keys 90 and the soil to resist the downward slip of the shaft segment 40 due to its own weight, so that the jacking device 599 can be removed. Specifically, the shear keys 90 can be in the form of grouting anchors, soil nails, etc. An annular steel plate 100 is applied at the bottom end of the shaft segment 40, and the outer ring and inner ring of the annular steel plate 100 are respectively welded to the starting steel sleeve 20 and the shaft segment 40 to limit the downward movement of the shaft segment 40 and form a permanent stop structure.

[0088] In one embodiment, the upward shaft construction method is used for upward jacking construction under the water surface.

[0089] Specifically, step S10 includes: Figure 4-Figure 6 As shown, the driving device 10 drives the segment cutter head 1 to cut the soil. During the jacking excavation process, the improving liquid is injected into the soil through the water injection hole 13 to improve the soil, so that the rotary cutting device 199 can be pushed upward. No slag is discharged during the entire excavation process. The reaction cylinder 5 pushes the shaft segment 40 and the rotary cutting device 199 upward. After being pushed upward to a certain distance, the stop rod 50-1 is inserted into the grouting hole 40-1 on the shaft segment 40, and the weight of the shaft segment 40 and the rotary cutting device 199 is transferred to the stop stand 50 through the stop rod 50-1. Then it is transmitted and diffused to the bottom of the main tunnel through the trolley 70 to achieve the purpose of stopping retreat; the reaction cylinder 5 shrinks and retreats downward, and the segment assembling machine is used to assemble the next ring of shaft segments 40 above the annular top iron 6; after the assembly of the next ring of shaft segments 40 is completed, the reaction cylinder 5 is used to lift the current ring of shaft segments 40 upward until it is abutted and tightened with the previous ring of shaft segments 40, and then the stop rod 50-1 is withdrawn from the grouting hole 40-1; the lifting device 599 and the stop device 5099 are operated alternately and cyclically until the construction of the entire shaft is completed.

[0090] Furthermore, step S20 includes device rollback. Figure 7-Figure 8 As shown, step S20 includes: after the entire shaft excavation is completed, the diver dives into the water to remove the support mechanism 39, and uses a ship or the like to lift the cutter head 101 and the support mechanism 39 to the land; at the same time, a cover plate 80 is installed on the upper part of the outer shield shell 11, and the cover plate 80 has a waterproof function; then the stop device 5099 is withdrawn, and the retraction platform 16 is lifted to the bottom end of the driving device 10 by using the fall chain and the motor, and is connected to the inner shield shell 12 through the retraction cylinder 15; the retraction After the oil cylinder 15 extends downward for a certain distance, the retraction rod 16-1 is inserted into the grouting hole 40-1 of the shaft segment 40, the inner shield shell 12 and the outer shield shell 11 are separated, and the retraction oil cylinder 15 is retracted downward to drive the inner shield shell 12 and the driving device 10 to retract downward, and then the inner shield shell bolt 17 is inserted into the grouting hole 40-1 and the retraction rod 16-1 is withdrawn from the grouting hole 40-1, and the above steps are repeated to realize the retraction of the driving device 10 and the inner shield shell 12 in the well.

[0091] like Figure 9-11 As shown, step S30 includes the construction of the stop structure. Specifically, step S30 includes: inserting the shear keys 90 into the soil around the shaft through the grouting holes 40-1 of the shaft segment 40, supporting the shaft segment 40 through the force between the shear keys 90 and the soil, resisting the downward sliding of the shaft segment 40 due to its own weight, so that the jacking device 599 can be removed, and then the annular steel plate 100 is applied at the bottom of the shaft to form a permanent stop structure. After all the shafts are constructed, water is injected into the main tunnel and the shaft to balance the pressure inside and outside the shaft, and then the diver dives into the water to remove the cover plate 80 and installs the steel grille 200 on the upper part of the outer shield 11.

[0092] In another embodiment, the upward shaft construction method is used for upward jacking construction under the ground. Figure 13-Figure 16 As shown, step S10 in the upward jacking construction under the ground is basically the same as step S10 in the upward jacking construction under the water surface, and will not be repeated here.

[0093] like Figure 17-Figure 18As shown, step S20 of the underground upward jacking construction includes: constructing a locking ring beam 300 on the ground in advance for receiving equipment; after completing the entire shaft excavation, dismantling the support mechanism 39, and installing a cover plate 80 on the upper part of the outer shield shell 11, the cover plate 80 is used for safety protection; then withdrawing the anti-retraction device 5099, and using the fall chain and the motor to lift the retraction platform 16 to the bottom end of the driving device 10, and connect it with the inner shield shell 12 through the retraction cylinder 15; after the retraction cylinder 15 extends downward for a certain distance, the retraction rod 16-1 is inserted into the grouting hole 40-1, the inner shield shell 12 and the outer shield shell 11 are separated, and the retraction cylinder 15 is retracted downward to drive the inner shield shell 12 and the driving device 10 to retreat downward; then the inner shield shell bolt 17 is inserted into the grouting hole 40-1 and the retraction rod 16-1 is withdrawn from the grouting hole 40-1, and the above steps are repeated to realize the retraction of the driving device 10 and the inner shield shell 12 in the well.

[0094] like Figure 19-21 As shown, step S30 of the underground upward jacking construction includes: inserting shear keys 90 at intervals into the soil around the shaft through the grouting holes 40-1, supporting the shaft segments 40 through the force between the shear keys 90 and the soil, and resisting the downward sliding of the shaft segments 40 due to their own weight, so that the jacking device 599 can be removed; then, an annular steel plate 100 is applied at the bottom of the shaft to form a permanent stop structure, and the equipment is evacuated from the site after all the shaft construction is completed, and finally an inspection staircase 400 is applied on the wall of the shaft.

[0095] In step S20 of the underground upward lifting construction, in addition to constructing the locking ring beam 300, it can also be replaced by constructing a vertical pit or surface grouting reinforcement, or directly receiving the equipment without special treatment. In addition to using the retracting device 1599 to retract in the well, the equipment can also be hoisted from top to bottom to the bottom of the main tunnel by a hoisting device.

[0096] The above are only several embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to the embodiments of the present invention based on the contents disclosed in the application documents without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An upward construction shaft equipment, characterized in that: include: A rotary cutting device (199), a lifting device (599) and a stop device (5099), wherein the rotary cutting device (199) can be installed on the upper end of a shaft segment (40), the lifting device (599) can be detachably abutted against the lower end of the shaft segment (40) and drive the shaft segment (40) and the rotary cutting device (199) to move upward, and the stop device (5099) can be detachably connected to the shaft segment (40) and support the shaft segment (40); The upward construction shaft equipment comprises a retracting device (1599), an outer shield shell (11) and an inner shield shell (12), the shaft segment (40) is connected to the lower end of the outer shield shell (11), the inner shield shell (12) is detachably mounted on the outer shield shell (11) via inner shield shell bolts (17), and the rotary cutting device (199) is connected to the inner shield shell (12); The retraction device (1599) comprises a retraction platform (16), a retraction cylinder (15) and a retraction rod (16-1); The retraction rod (16-1) is installed on the retraction platform (16) and can extend into the grouting hole (40-1) of the shaft segment (40) to support the retraction platform (16); The retraction cylinder (15) is installed on the retraction platform (16) and can be connected to the inner shield shell (12). The retraction cylinder (15) can perform upward and downward telescopic movement; The inner shield bolt (17) can extend into the grouting hole (40-1) of the shaft segment (40) to support the rotary cutting device (199); The anti-retreat device (5099) comprises an anti-retreat stand (50) and an anti-retreat rod (50-1), wherein the anti-retreat rod (50-1) is installed on the anti-retreat stand (50) and can extend into the grouting hole (40-1) of the vertical shaft segment (40) to support the vertical shaft segment (40).

2. The upward construction shaft equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-retreat stand (50) is arranged in the vertical shaft segment (40), the anti-retreat stand (50) is annular, and a plurality of anti-retreat rods (50-1) are distributed around the anti-retreat stand (50).

3. The upward construction shaft equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-retreat stand (50) is provided with a plurality of radial through holes (51) distributed circumferentially, and the anti-retreat rod (50-1) is movably installed in the radial through hole (51).

4. The upward construction shaft equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary cutting device (199) comprises a driving device (10), a supporting mechanism (39) and a cutter disc (101); the cutter disc (101) is detachably connected to the driving device (10) via the supporting mechanism (39); and the driving device (10) is used to drive the cutter disc (101) to rotate.

5. The upward construction shaft equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cutterhead (101) is a segment cutterhead (1) used as a main tunnel segment (2).

6. The upward construction shaft equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The jacking device (599) comprises a reaction cylinder (5) and an annular top iron (6), wherein the reaction cylinder (5) is installed on the annular top iron (6), the annular top iron (6) is capable of supporting the shaft segment (40), and the reaction cylinder (5) is capable of driving the annular top iron (6) to move up and down.

7. A method for constructing a vertical shaft upward, characterized in that: The method for constructing a vertical shaft upward is implemented by using the equipment for constructing a vertical shaft upward according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and the method comprises: Step S10, the lifting device (599) and the stop device (5099) act alternately to drive the rotary cutting device (199) to dig upwards and apply the shaft segment (40); Step S20, disassembling the peeling device (199) and removing the backstop device (5099); Step S30, applying shear keys and annular steel plates, and removing the jacking device (599); The step S10 comprises: Step S11, the jacking device (599) drives the shaft segment (40) and the rotary cutting device (199) to move upward to perform excavation; Step S12, the anti-retraction device (5099) supports the shaft segment (40) and the rotary cutting device (199); Step S13, the lifting device (599) is retracted, and the next ring of shaft segments (40) is assembled between the lifting device (599) and the installed shaft segments (40); The steps S11, S12 and S13 are implemented in a loop.

8. The method for constructing a vertical shaft upward according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step S20 comprises: Step S21, removing the blade disc (101) and the support mechanism (39) in the rotary cutting device (199), and removing the anti-retraction device (5099); Step S22, installing a cover plate (80) on the upper end of the outer shield shell (11) of the upward construction shaft equipment; Step S23, installing a retraction device (1599) at the lower end of the inner shield shell (12) of the upward shaft construction equipment, and the retraction cylinder (15) and the retraction rod (16-1) in the retraction device (1599) and the inner shield shell bolt (17) move alternately, so that the inner shield shell (12) and the driving device (10) in the rotary cutting device (199) are retracted downward to the main tunnel; The step S30 comprises: Step S31, inserting shear keys (90) into the soil around the shaft at intervals through the grouting holes (40-1) of the shaft segment (40); Step S32, removing the lifting device (599); Step S33, applying an annular steel plate (100) at the bottom end of the shaft segment; The step S21, the step S22, the step S23, the step S31, the step S32 and the step S33 are implemented in sequence.

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