An experimental device for gas-liquid-solid erosion wear combining jet flow and pipe flow with adjustable multi-parameters and its using method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a gas-liquid-solid erosion wear experimental device combining jet flow and pipe flow with adjustable multiple parameters and its usage method, belonging to the technical field of erosion experiments on part surfaces. Connect a high-speed camera to a computer to realize the visualization of the dynamic impact of gas-liquid-solid on the target during jet flow experiments, and the measurement of particle size and the erosion velocity of particles in three-dimensional directions. At the same time, by adjusting the motor, metering water pump, electric cable heating pipe and specimen clamping device, the sand production amount, water carrying amount, erosion temperature and erosion angle can be controlled. Connect the test pipe section to the pipeline to combine jet flow and pipe flow. The cyclone separator can realize the recycling and reuse of sand amount. The present invention can meet the requirements of the real erosion working conditions of gas-liquid-solid mixed fluids under different conditions. The combination of jet flow erosion and pipe flow erosion in two experimental methods saves materials and improves experimental efficiency. It can not only be used for the research of erosion wear mechanisms, but also for the evaluation of the erosion resistance performance of materials, and has good application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a gas-liquid-solid erosion wear experimental device combining jet flow and pipe flow with adjustable multi-parameters and a using method thereof, belonging to the technical field of erosion experiments on part surfaces. Background Art

[0002] Erosion is a phenomenon in which a fluid and a fluid-carrying phase (such as particles like droplets, sand grains, rock chips, etc.) impact the surface of a material (target surface) at a certain angle and speed, resulting in deformation of the target surface and material loss. The erosion wear phenomenon widely exists in industrial processes such as petroleum, chemical industry, hydropower, etc. All types of equipment exposed to moving fluids will suffer from the destructive effect of erosion wear, becoming an important cause of equipment failure. Therefore, the failure mechanism of pipeline erosion wear has always been the research focus of scholars at home and abroad. Scholars in various countries have proposed their own erosion experimental devices. Among the erosion types of gas-solid, liquid-solid, and gas-liquid-solid, the indoor experimental characterization of gas-liquid-solid three-phase erosion is more difficult than two-phase erosion. Most of the existing erosion experimental devices rarely consider the influence of temperature on material erosion, adjustable erosion angle, visualization of erosion experiments, and the existing erosion experimental devices can only separately achieve jet erosion or pipe flow erosion, and no erosion experimental device can simultaneously complete jet erosion and pipe flow erosion. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a gas-liquid-solid erosion wear experimental device combining jet flow and pipe flow with adjustable multi-parameters and a using method thereof. The purpose is to visualize the gas-liquid-solid three-phase erosion process, the erosion angle and erosion temperature of the specimen are adjustable, and the erosion wear conditions of materials under two erosion conditions of jet flow and pipe flow can be studied simultaneously.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A gas-liquid-solid erosion wear experimental device combining jet flow and pipe flow with adjustable multi-parameters includes a gas source supply system, a sand supply system, a water mist supply system, a mixing chamber, a collection and transportation pipeline, and an erosion system.

[0006] The gas source supply system includes an air compressor and a buffer tank. The air compressor is used to compress outdoor air, and different pressure gases can be obtained by adjusting the set parameters of the air compressor. The buffer tank is connected to the air compressor and is used to buffer the gases with different pressure conditions flowing out of the air compressor, making the supply air pressure fluctuation stable, so as to reduce the non-uniformity of the gas flow rate in the pipeline. The gas source is connected to the mixing chamber through the collection and transportation pipeline.

[0007] The sand supply system includes a sand storage tank, a transparent glass tube, an upper sand delivery pipe, and a lower sand delivery pipe. The sand storage tank is connected to the transparent glass tube through the upper sand delivery pipe. One end of the transparent glass tube is provided with a motor and a screw rod, and the screw rod is driven by the motor to rotate for spiral sand delivery. The transparent glass tube is connected to the gathering pipeline through the lower sand delivery pipe and enters the mixing chamber together with the gas source. A certain mass of sand is stored in the sand storage tank. The screw rod is surrounded by the transparent glass tube. The transparent glass tube is filled with sand grains required for the experiment and has a lower sand outlet with a fixed size. By adjusting the frequency of the motor, the rotation speed of the screw rod is controlled, and finally the sand supply amount per unit time is controlled.

[0008] The water mist supply system includes a water storage tank, a metering water pump, an upper water delivery pipe, and a lower water delivery pipe. The water storage tank is connected to the metering water pump through the upper water delivery pipe. The metering water pump is connected to the mixing chamber through the lower water delivery pipe. By adjusting the metering water pump, the requirements for different water supply amounts in the experiment can be met. A liquid control check valve is provided on the lower water delivery pipe to control the flow of the liquid in the pipe, so that the liquid can flow unidirectionally into the atomizing nozzle even when the water supply amount is small, meeting the requirements for the water supply amount required by the experiment. The end of the lower water delivery pipe in the mixing chamber is provided with an atomizing nozzle.

[0009] One end of the mixing chamber is successively connected with a first adiabatic pipeline, a heating pipeline, a second adiabatic pipeline, a straight pipe test section, a short pipeline, and a bent pipe test section. The number of short pipelines is at least one. The first adiabatic pipeline and the second adiabatic pipeline are used to block reverse heat transfer. The heating pipeline, the straight pipe test section, and the bent pipe test section are all heated through cable heating pipes. The bent pipe test section is connected to the erosion system through the gathering pipeline. The erosion system includes a splash-proof chamber. A nozzle is provided at the end of the gathering pipeline in the splash-proof chamber, and a specimen is provided below the splash-proof chamber.

[0010] At least one velocity probe is provided in both the straight pipe test section and the bent pipe test section. The velocity probe is connected to a data collection device. A high-speed camera is provided outside the splash-proof chamber. Both the high-speed camera and the data collection device are connected to a computer for data aggregation and analysis.

[0011] According to the experimental requirements, the test pipe sections can be divided into a straight pipe test section and a bent test section. The bent test section can be further divided into bent test sections with different curvatures. According to the experimental requirements, by adjusting the number of short pipelines, the installation of bent test sections with different curvatures can be realized, so as to conduct experimental research on the erosion wear of bent test sections with different curvatures.

[0012] Velocity probes are installed on the wall of the test pipe section. The velocity probes are inserted into the test pipe section, which can detect the velocity of the mixed fluid hitting the wall inside the pipe, so as to study the erosion and wear of the mixed fluid on the wall, and facilitate the study of the erosion and wear of the mixed fluid with different flow velocities on the test pipe sections with different bending curvatures. The number of velocity probes can be determined according to the experimental accuracy requirements. The data acquisition device can display the real-time data of the impact velocity of the mixed fluid hitting the inner wall of the test pipe section in the gathering pipeline and can automatically store the data.

[0013] The output end of the high-speed camera is connected to a computer for the storage and calculation of experimental data. The high-speed camera can track and measure the particle size of sand and gravel in a certain area of space and the movement velocity of sand particles in different directions when impacting the specimen, so as to obtain the velocity data of the particles impacting the surface of the material. The high-speed camera can shoot the process of the gas-liquid-solid mixed fluid ejected from the nozzle to impact the surface of the specimen, realizing erosion visualization.

[0014] Preferably, the gas-liquid-solid erosion and wear experimental device combining adjustable multi-parameter jet flow and pipe flow further includes a waste collection system. The waste collection system includes an inverted regular quadrangular pyramid, a cyclone separator, and a collection device. The bottom of the splash-proof chamber is a metal anti-sand net. The bottom of the splash-proof chamber is connected to the inverted regular quadrangular pyramid, and the inverted regular quadrangular pyramid is connected to the collection device through the cyclone separator. A pipe matching the inlet size of the cyclone separator is welded to the top of the inverted regular quadrangular pyramid. The inlet of the cyclone separator buffers and separates the mixed fluid after it is sprayed onto the surface of the erosion specimen through the pipe. The outlet of the cyclone separator is connected to the collection device, and the collection device can collect and process the mixture processed by the cyclone separator to prevent pollution.

[0015] Further preferably, the specimen is fixed below the splash-proof chamber through a specimen clamping device. The specimen clamping device includes a base, a bench vice, and a protractor. The base is used to fix the bench vice on the metal anti-sand net at the lower part of the splash-proof chamber. The bench vice is used to fix and disassemble the erosion specimen. The protractor is used to measure the inclination angle of the erosion specimen, and thus realize the adjustment of the erosion angle.

[0016] The splash-proof chamber is used to fix the specimen clamping device and prevent the splashing of the mixed fluid flowing out of the nozzle.

[0017] Further preferably, the base is fixed on the metal anti-sand net through a flange, which is convenient for adjusting the relative positions of the nozzle and the specimen. The bench vice includes a movable jaw block and a fixed jaw block. An angle scale is fixedly arranged on the fixed jaw block. During the experiment, the clamping angle of the specimen can be changed with reference to the angle scale to control the erosion angle.

[0018] Preferably, the gas source supply system further includes a filter and a dryer. The filter and the dryer are connected to the buffer tank in sequence to remove the water vapor in the gas flowing out of the buffer tank, providing support for the accurate water supply of the metering water pump. The inflow section of the dryer is connected to the outflow section of the filter to dry the filtered high-pressure gas, evaporating its moisture and eliminating the influence of the humidity contained in the high-pressure gas on the accurate water supply of the metering water pump.

[0019] Preferably, a pressure sensor and a flow meter are provided on the gathering pipeline where the gas source is located to detect the gas source pressure and the passing flow rate in the gathering pipeline. A pressure sensor and a flow meter are installed in the pipeline of the outflow section of the dryer to measure the fluid pressure and fluid velocity parameters in the pipeline, facilitating the adjustment of experimental parameters.

[0020] Preferably, a vibrator and a muffler are provided on the sand storage tank to smoothly send sand to the transparent glass tube.

[0021] Preferably, mixing valves are provided on both the upper sand delivery pipe and the lower sand delivery pipe to control the opening and closing of the sand delivery process of the upper and lower sand delivery pipes.

[0022] Preferably, the atomizing nozzle is located directly below the mixing chamber. The atomizing nozzle sprays the liquid flowing into the lower water delivery pipe into the mixing chamber in a mist form, so as to uniformly mix the gas, liquid, and solid, facilitating the transportation of the mixed fluid.

[0023] Preferably, the lower water delivery pipe is connected to the mixing chamber through a flange, which is convenient for disassembly to facilitate the calibration of the relationship between the metering water pump and the experimental water supply volume before component assembly; the lower sand delivery pipe is connected to the gathering pipeline through a flange to facilitate the calibration of the relationship between the motor-screw and the experimental sand supply volume before component assembly.

[0024] Preferably, pressure sensors and temperature sensors are provided on both the first adiabatic pipeline and the second adiabatic pipeline, and temperature sensors are provided on the heating pipeline, the straight pipe test section, and the elbow test section.

[0025] The cable heating pipe is wound around the heating pipeline to heat the fluid in the pipeline, and the heating temperature is adjustable. The adiabatic pipeline is equipped with temperature sensors and pressure sensors to monitor the temperature and pressure of the fluid in the pipeline in real time; the cable heating pipe is wound around the straight pipe test section and the bending test section to heat the wall material of the test section, considering the influence of temperature on the erosion performance of the material under the condition of pipe flow. Temperature sensors are installed on the straight pipe test section and the bending test section to detect the actual adjusted heating temperature of the cable heating pipe and the temperature value in the gathering pipeline.

[0026] The adiabatic pipeline is made of special materials with adiabatic or weak heat transfer properties to prevent the heat on the wall of the heating pipeline from being transferred reversely to the mixing chamber against the movement of the mixed fluid. A temperature sensor is installed to detect the temperature transferred reversely along the gathering pipeline by the heating pipeline, preventing the reversely transferred temperature from being too high and affecting other experimental components.

[0027] Preferably, the first adiabatic pipeline, the heating pipeline, the second adiabatic pipeline, the straight pipe test section, the short pipeline, and the elbow test section are all connected to the gathering pipeline through flange plates. This is convenient for disassembly and can meet the research on the erosion conditions of different material surfaces.

[0028] Preferably, the nozzle is fixed to the gathering pipeline through a flange plate. A hole is opened at the top of the splash-proof chamber, and the gathering pipeline is inserted into the splash-proof chamber through the hole. The gathering pipeline is connected to the hole at the top of the splash-proof chamber through a flange plate. The outlet of the nozzle is perpendicular to the center position of the erosion specimen, and is used to spray the gas-liquid-solid mixed fluid onto the erosion specimen.

[0029] Preferably, the splash-proof chamber is a regular cube, and the four side faces are made of high-strength transparent glass, which is convenient for a high-speed camera to take pictures and realize the dynamic visualization of the erosion process.

[0030] Preferably, the straight pipe test section, the short pipeline, and the elbow test section are all high-strength transparent glass pipelines to facilitate observing the fluid mixing state in the pipelines.

[0031] A working method of a gas-liquid-solid erosion wear experimental device that combines the above-mentioned multi-parameter adjustable jet flow and pipe flow includes the following steps:

[0032] Use the gas supply system to supply gas to the gathering pipeline. Open the sand supply system so that sand grains enter the gathering pipeline through the lower sand delivery pipe, mix with the gas and enter the mixing chamber. Open the water mist supply system, and water enters the mixing chamber through the lower water delivery pipe and is sprayed out through the atomizing nozzle to form a gas-liquid-solid mixed fluid. The mixed fluid passes through the first adiabatic pipeline, the heating pipeline, the second adiabatic pipeline, the straight pipe test section, the short pipeline, and the elbow test section, and then enters the splash-proof chamber, and is sprayed onto the erosion specimen by the nozzle. Calculate the erosion loss amount by weighing the weight of the specimen before erosion and the weight of the specimen after erosion, so as to complete the jet erosion experiment;

[0033] Pipe flow erosion refers to the collection and transportation pipeline at the back end of the mixing chamber. The straight pipe test section and the bent test section are respectively connected to the collection and transportation pipeline through flanges. Several velocity probes are installed on the wall surface of the straight pipe test section to feedback the velocity of the mixed fluid hitting the pipe wall. The outer ends of the velocity probes are connected to a data collection system, and the data collection system is connected to a computer, which can monitor the velocity of the fluid hitting the wall surface in the pipeline in real time. After the experiment is completed, the straight pipe test section and the bent test section can be disassembled through the flanges. The erosion experiment results are processed by the weighing method and compared with the wall impact velocity collected by the data collection system on the computer, thus completing the pipe flow erosion experiment.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0035] Consider the influence of temperature on the erosion results of materials; the erosion angle of the specimen can be adjusted arbitrarily, and the adjustment method is simple and convenient; the erosion and wear conditions of materials under two erosion conditions of jet flow and pipe flow can be studied simultaneously, with relatively high efficiency; it can meet the requirements of two experimental conditions of gas-solid and gas-liquid-solid, and can visualize the erosion process of materials, observe the erosion situation in real time, and the experimental data can be automatically saved, with stable performance and strong operability. The straight pipe test section and the bent test section are connected to the collection and transportation pipeline through a short pipe + flange, which is convenient for disassembly. By controlling the number of short pipes, the pipe flow erosion of bent test sections with different curvatures can be realized, thus completing the pipe flow erosion experiment. And several velocity measurement probes are installed on the wall surfaces of the straight pipe test section and the bent test section, which can display the velocity of the mixed fluid hitting the wall surface in real time, and is applicable to scientific research and production.

[0036] The device of the present invention uses a cable heating pipe to heat the pipe wall and the mixed fluid in the collection and transportation pipeline. The temperature sensor in the pipe is connected to a computer, which can monitor the numerical value of the heating temperature of the pipe wall and the mixed fluid in the collection and transportation pipeline in real time. There is no need for equipment such as an infrared thermometer, with relatively low cost, and the heating device is safe, reliable and easy to operate. And the adjustment method of the erosion angle of the specimen of the device is simple and convenient. The purpose of angle adjustment can be achieved only by using a bench vice and an angle gauge, thus reducing the cost and shortening the experimental time; the device can not only realize the jet erosion experiment, but also complete the pipe flow erosion experiment when the jet erosion experiment is completed, achieving the purpose of completing two experimental conditions with one set of equipment, with relatively high efficiency, greatly shortening the experimental time, having strong versatility, and having good prospects for scientific research and production applications. Description of the Drawings

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an experimental device for gas-liquid-solid erosion and wear combining jet flow and pipe flow with multiple parameters adjustable according to the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of an experimental process for gas-liquid-solid continuous jet erosion and wear with multiple parameters adjustable according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the atomizing nozzle adopted by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the straight pipe test section and the bent test section of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the sample clamping device adopted by the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the nozzle of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the sample clamping and angle ruler installation of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the angle ruler of the present invention;

[0045] In the figure: air compressor (1), buffer tank (2), filter (3), dryer (4), pressure sensor (5), flowmeter (6), motor (7), screw (8), transparent glass tube (9), sand storage tank (10), upper sand conveying pipe (11), vibrator (12), muffler (13), lower sand conveying pipe (14), chute (15), mixing valve (16-1), mixing valve (16-2), gathering pipeline (17), metering water pump (18), liquid control check valve (19), water storage tank (20), upper water conveying pipe (21), lower water conveying pipe (22), atomizing nozzle (23), mixing chamber (24), flange (25), first adiabatic pipeline (26), pressure sensor (27), temperature sensor (28), flange (29), heating pipeline (30), cable heating pipe (31), temperature sensor (32), flange (33), second adiabatic pipeline (34), pressure sensor (35), temperature sensor (36), flange (37), straight pipe test section (38), cable heating pipe (39), velocity probe (40), temperature sensor (41), data collection device (42), flange (43), short pipeline (44), flange (45), short pipeline (46), flange (47), short pipeline (48), flange (49), short pipeline (50), flange (51), bent test section (52), cable heating pipe (53), velocity probe (54), computer (55), temperature sensor (56), splash-proof chamber (57), high-speed camera (58), nozzle (59), sample (60), hole (61), flange (62), flange (63), metal anti-sand screen (64), bench vice (65), angle ruler (66), inverted regular square frustum (67), cyclone separator (68), collection pipeline (69), collection device (70), flange (71), clamp block (72). Detailed implementation mode

[0046] In order to better illustrate the technical means adopted by the present invention to achieve the intended invention purpose, the following, in combination with the accompanying drawings and implementation cases, details the specific implementation manners, structures, features and functions of the application according to the present invention as shown below, but not limited thereto.

[0047] Embodiment 1:

[0048] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 shown, the present invention provides a gas-liquid-solid erosion wear experimental device combining jet flow and pipe flow with adjustable multi-parameters, including the following:

[0049] The outlet of the air compressor 1 is connected to a buffer tank 2, the outlet of the buffer tank 2 is connected to a filter 3, and the outlet of the filter 3 is connected to an air dryer 4. The air compressor 1 can compress air to the corresponding pressure according to the requirements of high-pressure gas needed for the experiment. The filter 3 can filter the high-pressure gas flowing out of the buffer tank 2 to eliminate impurities in the high-pressure gas. The air dryer can dry the high-pressure gas flowing out of the filter 3 to eliminate the influence of the humidity contained in the high-pressure gas on the accurate water supply of the metering water pump. A pressure sensor 5 and a flowmeter 6 are installed in the pipeline of the outflow section of the dryer to measure the fluid pressure and fluid velocity parameters in the gathering and transportation pipeline, facilitating the adjustment of experimental parameters.

[0050] Before the experiment, a certain mass of sand is stored in the sand storage tank 10, and the transparent glass tube 9 needs to be filled with the sand grains required for the experiment. Secondly, the vibrator 12 and the muffler 13 are turned on, and the mixing valve 16-1 is adjusted to the fully open state to achieve full filling of the sand in the transparent glass tube 9 and the upper sand conveying pipe 11. By adjusting the motor frequency, the control of the screw speed is realized, and finally the control of the sand supply amount per unit time is achieved.

[0051] The electric motor 7 is connected to the screw rod 8. By adjusting the frequency of the electric motor 7, the control of the rotational speed of the screw rod can be achieved. A transparent glass tube 9 is fixed outside the screw rod 8. A lower sand inlet with a fixed size is opened on the transparent glass tube 9. The sand storage tank 10 is connected to the opening of the transparent glass tube 9 through an upper sand conveying pipe 11, and a mixing valve 16-1 is installed on the upper sand conveying pipe to control the opening and closing of the sand conveying process to the transparent glass tube 9. A vibrator 12 and a muffler 13 are installed on the sand storage tank 10. The vibrator 12 can keep the sand storage tank 10 vibrating during the sand supply working state, preventing the sand particles from being blocked in the sand conveying pipe due to too much sand stored in the sand storage 10 and thus unable to provide sand for the system. The muffler 13 is used to eliminate the noise generated by the vibration of the vibrator 12 and keep the indoor experiment quiet. An opening matching the size of the lower sand conveying pipe 14 is opened on the transparent glass tube 9. During operation, the electric motor 7 continuously drives the screw rod 8 to rotate, and the sand in the transparent glass tube 9 is continuously conveyed to the lower sand conveying pipe 14 through the chute 15 on the screw rod 8. A mixing valve 16-2 is installed between the lower sand conveying pipe 14 and the gathering and conveying pipeline 17. By controlling the mixing valve 16-2, the opening and closing of the sand conveying process from the lower sand conveying pipe 14 to the gathering and conveying pipeline 17 can be controlled. And the sand storage tank 10 will continuously supply sand to the transparent glass tube 9, so as to ensure that the sand storage amount in the transparent glass tube 9 remains unchanged and achieve precise sand supply per unit time.

[0052] Before supplying water to the gathering and conveying pipeline 17, it is necessary to check the adjustment level and unit water supply amount of the metering water pump 18. The water storage tank 20 is connected to the metering water pump 18 through an upper water conveying pipe 21. The metering water pump 18 is connected to the atomizing nozzle 23 through a lower water conveying pipe 22, and a liquid-controlled one-way valve 19 is installed on the lower water conveying pipe 22, so that the water supply amount can flow unidirectionally from the lower input pipe 22 into the atomizing nozzle 23 even when the experimental water supply amount is small. The atomizing nozzle 23 can spray the supplied water into the mixing chamber 24 in a mist shape, which is convenient for the mist-like liquid phase to fully mix with the gas-solid two-phase to form a mixed fluid. The atomizing nozzle is located directly below the mixing chamber. The mixing chamber 24 is connected to the lower water conveying pipe 22 through a flange 25, which is convenient for disassembly, as Figure 3 shown.

[0053] After the mixed fluid flows out of the mixing chamber 24, it enters the first adiabatic pipeline 26. The first adiabatic pipeline 26 is used to connect the heating pipeline 30 with the mixing chamber 24 while preventing the temperature of the heating pipeline 30 from reversely transferring along the gathering and transportation pipeline 17 to the mixing chamber 24. A pressure sensor 27 and a temperature sensor 28 are installed on the first adiabatic pipeline 26. On the one hand, the temperature and pressure experimental parameter information of the mixed fluid flowing out of the mixing chamber 24 can be detected through the pressure sensor 27 and the temperature sensor 28. On the other hand, the temperature and pressure experimental parameter information reversely transferred from the heating pipeline 30 to the mixing chamber 24 can be fed back to avoid the relatively high temperature of the gathering and transportation pipeline 17, so as to timely adjust the temperature of the heating pipeline 30 and avoid affecting the experimental results. The first adiabatic pipeline 26 is connected to the heating pipeline 30 through a flange 29.

[0054] The heating pipeline 30 is externally wound with a cable heating pipe 31. The cable heating pipe 31 is used to provide heat energy for the heating pipeline, and then heat the fluid in the gathering and transportation pipeline 17. By adjusting the heating temperature of the cable heating pipe 31, the mixed fluid can reach the temperature required by the experiment. A temperature sensor 32 is installed in the heating pipeline 30 to correct the theoretical adjusted temperature of the cable heating pipe 31 and the actual temperature of the fluid in the gathering and transportation pipeline 17.

[0055] As Figure 4 shown, the heating pipeline 30 is connected to the second adiabatic pipeline 34 through a flange 33. A pressure sensor 35 and a temperature sensor 36 are installed on the second adiabatic pipeline 34 to feedback the pressure and temperature experimental parameter information of the mixed fluid in the gathering and transportation pipeline 17. The second adiabatic pipeline 34 is connected to the straight pipe test section 38 through a flange 37. A number of velocity probes 40 and a temperature sensor 41 are installed on the wall surface of the straight pipe test section 38. The number of velocity probes 40 can be installed according to the required accuracy of the experimental data. The velocity probes 40 can record the velocity of the mixed fluid hitting the wall surface, and the velocity probes 40 are connected to the data collection device 42, which can display and store the experimental parameters transmitted by the velocity probes 40 in real time. The straight pipe test section 38 is externally wound with a cable heating pipe 39. Through the cable heating pipe 39, the heating temperature of the straight pipe test section 38 can be controlled to heat the pipe wall of the straight pipe test section 38 to reach a predetermined temperature to study the influence of temperature on material erosion wear; reheat the mixed fluid in the pipeline to prevent the temperature of the mixed fluid flowing out of the cable heating pipe 31 from not reaching the temperature required by the experiment when flowing through the straight pipe test section, and feedback the theoretical heating temperature of the cable heating pipe 39 and the temperature of the mixed fluid in the straight pipe test section 38 through the temperature sensor 41.

[0056] The straight pipe test section 38 is connected to a short pipe 44 through a flange 43. The short pipe 44 is connected to a short pipe 46 through a flange 45. The short pipe 46 is connected to a short pipe 48 through a flange 47. The short pipe 48 is connected to a short pipe 50 through a flange 49. The short pipe 50 is connected to a bent test section 52 through a flange 51. A velocity probe 54 and a temperature sensor 56 are installed on the wall surface of the bent test section 52. The velocity probe 54 can record the velocity of the mixed fluid hitting the wall surface, and the velocity probe 54 is connected to a data collection device 42. The data collection device is connected to a computer 55, which can display and store the experimental parameters transmitted by the probe 54 in real time. A cable heating pipe 53 is wound around the outside of the bent test section 52. The heating temperature of the bent test section 52 can be controlled through the cable heating pipe 53, and the theoretical heating temperature of the cable heating pipe 53 and the temperature of the mixed fluid in the bent test section 52 are fed back through the temperature sensor 56. The temperature sensor is connected to the computer to feed back the experimental data information in real time.

[0057] The short pipes 44, 46, 48, and 50 can all be disassembled according to the experimental needs to connect bent test sections with different curvatures. The number of short pipes can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the different curvatures of the bent test sections. In this embodiment, the curvature of the selected bent test section is 90°, as Figure 1 shown. Four short pipes are selected. If the short pipes 44, 46, 48, and 50 are removed and the straight pipe test section 38 is directly connected to the bent test section 52, it is difficult to avoid the mutual interference of the heating temperatures of the straight pipe test section 38 and the bent test section 52 walls, and it is difficult to connect the straight pipe test section 38 to the bent test section 52 directly through a flange, and it is not easy to connect. Therefore, short pipes are used as the bridge between the straight pipe test section 38 and the bent test section 52. On the one hand, it can make the experimental data of the straight pipe test section 38 and the bent test section 52 more accurate, and on the other hand, it is convenient for assembly and disassembly.

[0058] The splash-proof chamber 57 is a regular cube, and its four side faces are made of high-strength transparent glass. The high-speed camera 58 works. The high-speed camera 58 can track and measure the sand particle size in a certain area of space and the movement speed of sand particles in different directions when impacting the specimen. The high-speed camera 58 can photograph the process of the mixed fluid spraying out from the nozzle 59 and impacting the specimen 60 to realize the dynamic visualization of the erosion process. The output end of the high-speed camera 58 is connected to the computer 55 for video recording to facilitate the storage and calculation of experimental data.

[0059] A hole 61 that fits the collecting and transporting pipeline 17 is opened on the top surface of the splash-proof chamber 57, and the collecting and transporting pipeline 17 and the hole 61 are connected through a flange 62 for easy disassembly. The collecting and transporting pipeline 17 and the nozzle 59 are connected through a flange 63, as Figure 6 shown, which can meet the requirements of different inner diameter nozzles for the experiment.

[0060] The bottom surface of the splash-proof chamber 57 is composed of a metal sand-proof net 64. The specimen 60 is fixed below the splash-proof chamber 57 through a specimen clamping device. The specimen clamping device includes a base, a bench vice 65, and an angle gauge 66. The base is used to fix the bench vice on the metal sand-proof net 64 at the lower part of the splash-proof chamber. The bench vice is used to fix and disassemble the erosion specimen. The angle gauge is used to measure the inclination angle of the erosion specimen, thereby realizing the adjustment of the erosion angle.

[0061] Example 2:

[0062] A gas-liquid-solid erosion wear experimental device combining adjustable multi-parameter jet flow and pipe flow has the structure as described in Example 1. The difference is that, as Figure 5 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 shown, the base is fixed on the metal sand-proof net 64 through a flange 71, which is convenient for adjusting the relative position of the nozzle 59 and the specimen 60. The bench vice 65 includes two clamp blocks 72 for fixing and disassembling the specimen. They are a movable clamp block and a fixed clamp block. An angle gauge 66 is fixedly arranged on the fixed clamp block. During the experiment, the clamping angle of the specimen can be changed with reference to the angle gauge to control the erosion angle.

[0063] Example 3:

[0064] A gas-liquid-solid erosion wear experimental device combining adjustable multi-parameter jet flow and pipe flow has the structure as described in Example 1. The difference is that the gas-liquid-solid erosion wear experimental device combining adjustable multi-parameter jet flow and pipe flow further includes a waste collection system. The waste collection system includes an inverted regular square pyramid 67, a cyclone separator 68, and a collection device 70. The bottom of the splash-proof chamber is a metal sand-proof net. The bottom of the splash-proof chamber 57 is welded to the inverted regular square pyramid 67. A collection pipe 69 matching the inlet size of the cyclone separator 68 is welded to the top of the inverted regular square pyramid 67. The cyclone separator 68 separates and buffers the inflowing mixed fluid, and the outlet of the cyclone separator 68 is connected to the collection device 70. The collection device 70 can collect and process the mixture processed by the cyclone separator 68 to prevent pollution.

[0065] Example 4:

[0066] A method for using a gas-liquid-solid erosion wear experimental device combining a multi-parameter adjustable jet flow and a pipe flow described in Embodiment 3 can meet the requirements of the true erosion working conditions of gas-liquid-solid mixed fluids under different conditions. The sand supply and water supply are accurately adjustable. The erosion angle can be adjusted simply and conveniently, and the erosion speed is accurately controllable. The jet erosion is combined with the pipe flow erosion. The jet erosion fully mixes the gas-liquid-solid or gas-solid fluid at the mixing chamber of the gathering pipeline by adjusting the gas supply system, the accurate sand supply system, and the water mist supply system, and then transports it to the nozzle through the gathering pipeline. The nozzle sprays to erode the specimen. The erosion loss amount is calculated by weighing the weight of the specimen before erosion and the weight of the specimen after erosion, thus completing the jet erosion experiment. The pipe flow erosion refers to connecting a straight pipe test section and a bent test section to the gathering pipeline through a flange on the gathering pipeline at the rear end of the mixing chamber. A number of velocity measuring probes are installed on the wall surface of the straight pipe test section to feedback the velocity of the mixed fluid hitting the pipe wall. The outer end of the velocity measuring probe is connected to a data collection system, and the data collection system is connected to a computer, which can monitor the velocity of the fluid hitting the wall surface in the pipeline in real time. After the experiment is completed, the straight pipe test section and the bent test section can be disassembled through the flange, and the erosion experiment results are processed by the weighing method and compared with the wall impact velocity collected by the data collection system on the computer, thus completing the pipe flow erosion experiment. The combination of the two experimental methods saves materials and improves the experimental efficiency. Moreover, under the pipe flow condition, the temperature of the gas-liquid-solid mixed fluid and the specimen can be considered, making the erosion research factors more comprehensive, and the erosion of the straight pipe section and the bent pipe section with different curvatures can be studied. The human-computer interaction can realize the automatic storage of data. The high-speed camera can realize the dynamic visualization of the erosion process, better observing the motion state of the mixed fluid in the pipeline. It can not only be used for the research of the erosion wear mechanism but also for the evaluation of the erosion resistance performance of materials, and has good application prospects.

[0067] The above shows and describes the composition, basic principle, and specific implementation process of a gas-liquid-solid erosion wear experimental device combining a multi-parameter adjustable jet flow and a pipe flow of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art in the technical field disclosed by the present invention can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claimed rights.

Claims

1. A gas-liquid-solid erosion wear experimental device combining jet flow and pipe flow with adjustable multi-parameters, characterized in that, It includes an air source supply system, a sand supply system, a water mist supply system, a mixing chamber, a gathering and transportation pipeline, and an erosion system. The air source supply system includes an air compressor and a buffer tank. The air compressor is used to compress outdoor air. The buffer tank is connected to the air compressor and is used to buffer the gases with different pressure conditions flowing out of the air compressor. The air source is connected to the mixing chamber through the gathering and transportation pipeline. The sand supply system includes a sand storage tank, a transparent glass tube, an upper sand transportation pipe, and a lower sand transportation pipe. The sand storage tank is connected to the transparent glass tube through the upper sand transportation pipe. One end of the transparent glass tube is provided with a motor and a screw rod. The screw rod is driven by the motor to rotate for spiral sand transportation. The transparent glass tube is connected to the gathering and transportation pipeline through the lower sand transportation pipe and enters the mixing chamber together with the air source. A vibrator and a muffler are arranged on the sand storage tank. Mixing valves are provided on both the upper sand transportation pipe and the lower sand transportation pipe. The water mist supply system includes a water storage tank, a metering water pump, an upper water transportation pipe, and a lower water transportation pipe. The water storage tank is connected to the metering water pump through the upper water transportation pipe. The metering water pump is connected to the mixing chamber through the lower water transportation pipe. A liquid-controlled check valve is provided on the lower water transportation pipe. An atomizing nozzle is provided at the end of the lower water transportation pipe in the mixing chamber. One end of the mixing chamber is successively connected with a first adiabatic pipeline, a heating pipeline, a second adiabatic pipeline, a straight pipe test section, a short pipeline, and a bent pipe test section. The number of short pipelines is at least one. The first adiabatic pipeline and the second adiabatic pipeline are used to block reverse heat transfer. The heating pipeline, the straight pipe test section, and the bent pipe test section are all heated through cable heating pipes. The bent pipe test section is connected to the erosion system through the gathering and transportation pipeline. The erosion system includes a splash-proof chamber. A nozzle is arranged at the end of the gathering and transportation pipeline in the splash-proof chamber. A specimen is provided below the splash-proof chamber. The specimen is fixed below the splash-proof chamber through a specimen clamping device. The specimen clamping device includes a base, a bench vice, and an angle gauge. The base is used to fix the bench vice on the metal anti-sand net at the lower part of the splash-proof chamber. The bench vice is used to fix and disassemble the erosion specimen. The angle gauge is used to measure the inclination angle of the erosion specimen. The base is fixed on the metal anti-sand net through a flange. The bench vice includes a movable jaw block and a fixed jaw block. An angle gauge is fixedly arranged on the fixed jaw block. At least one velocity probe is provided in both the straight pipe test section and the bent pipe test section. The velocity probe is connected to a data collection device. A high-speed camera is provided outside the splash-proof chamber. Both the high-speed camera and the data collection device are connected to a computer.

2. The gas-liquid-solid erosion wear experimental device combining jet flow and pipe flow with adjustable multi-parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that The gas-liquid-solid erosion wear experimental device combining multi-parameter adjustable jet flow and pipe flow also includes a waste collection system. The waste collection system includes an inverted regular square pyramid, a cyclone separator, and a collection device. The bottom of the splash-proof chamber is a metal anti-sand net. The bottom of the splash-proof chamber is connected to the inverted regular square pyramid. The inverted regular square pyramid is connected to the collection device through the cyclone separator.

3. The gas-liquid-solid erosion wear experimental device combining jet flow and pipe flow with adjustable multi-parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air source supply system also includes a filter and a dryer. The filter and the dryer are successively connected to the buffer tank. A pressure sensor and a flowmeter are arranged on the gathering and transportation pipeline where the air source is located, and are used to detect the air source pressure and the passing flow rate in the gathering and transportation pipeline.

4. The gas-liquid-solid erosion wear experimental device combining jet flow and pipe flow with adjustable multi-parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that, Pressure sensors and temperature sensors are provided on both the first adiabatic pipeline and the second adiabatic pipeline. Temperature sensors are provided on the heating pipeline, the straight pipe test section, and the bent pipe test section.

5. The gas-liquid-solid erosion wear experimental device combining jet flow and pipe flow with adjustable multi-parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that The atomizing nozzle is located directly below the mixing chamber; the lower water delivery pipe is connected to the mixing chamber through a flange; the lower sand delivery pipe is connected to the gathering and transportation pipeline through a flange; the first adiabatic pipeline, the heating pipeline, the second adiabatic pipeline, the straight pipe test section, the short pipeline, and the elbow test section are all connected to the gathering and transportation pipeline through flanges.

6. The gas-liquid-solid erosion wear experimental device combining jet flow and pipe flow with adjustable multi-parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nozzle is fixed in the gathering and transportation pipeline through a flange. A hole is opened at the top of the splash-proof chamber. The gathering and transportation pipeline is inserted into the splash-proof chamber through the hole. The gathering and transportation pipeline is connected to the hole at the top of the splash-proof chamber through a flange. The outlet of the nozzle is perpendicular to the center position of the erosion specimen.

7. The gas-liquid-solid erosion wear experimental device combining jet flow and pipe flow with adjustable multi-parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that, The splash-proof chamber is a regular cube, and its four side faces are made of high-strength transparent glass; the straight pipe test section, the short pipeline, and the elbow test section are all high-strength transparent glass pipelines.

8. A method for using a gas-liquid-solid erosion wear experimental device combining a multi-parameter adjustable jet flow and a pipe flow according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Use the gas supply system to supply gas to the gathering and transportation pipeline. Open the sand supply system to make the sand grains enter the gathering and transportation pipeline through the lower sand delivery pipe, mix with the gas and then enter the mixing chamber. Open the water mist supply system. Water enters the mixing chamber through the lower water delivery pipe and is sprayed out by the atomizing nozzle to form a gas-liquid-solid mixed fluid. The mixed fluid passes through the first adiabatic pipeline, the heating pipeline, the second adiabatic pipeline, the straight pipe test section, the short pipeline, and the elbow test section, and then enters the splash-proof chamber, and is sprayed out by the nozzle to erode the specimen. Calculate the erosion loss by weighing the weight of the specimen before erosion and the weight of the specimen after erosion, so as to complete the jet erosion experiment; Pipe flow erosion means that on the gathering and transportation pipeline at the rear end of the mixing chamber, the straight pipe test section and the bending test section are respectively connected to the gathering and transportation pipeline through flanges. A velocity probe is installed on the wall surface of the straight pipe test section to feedback the velocity of the mixed fluid hitting the pipe wall. The outer end of the velocity probe is connected to a data collection system, and the data collection system is connected to a computer to real-time monitor the velocity of the fluid hitting the wall surface in the pipeline. After the experiment is completed, the straight pipe test section and the bending test section can be disassembled through the flange, and the erosion experiment results are processed by the weighing method and compared with the wall impact velocity collected by the data collection system on the computer, so as to complete the pipe flow erosion experiment.

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