A solid waste incineration and tail gas treatment device and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a solid waste incineration and tail gas treatment device and method, which includes an incineration chamber and a plurality of legs arranged at its lower end. A combustion plate for carrying combustion materials is slidably arranged inside the incineration chamber. An aggregate hopper for collecting combustion dust is arranged at the bottom of the incineration chamber below the combustion plate. A discharge hopper for discharging dust is arranged at the middle position of the lower end of the aggregate hopper. A plurality of oxygen inlets for air intake are arranged on the outer side of the incineration chamber between the aggregate hopper and the combustion plate. This application is designed aiming at the drawbacks of the existing device, which can preliminarily crush solid waste, reduce the combustion volume, increase the combustion area, improve the combustion efficiency, and through the setting of the filter screen, reduce the problem of a large amount of dust contained in the exhaust gas. At the same time, with the automatic cleaning of the filter screen, the smooth exhaust is ensured, thus ensuring the incineration quality and having strong practicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of waste treatment equipment, and specifically to a solid waste incineration and tail gas treatment device and method. Background Technique

[0002] Waste incineration is a process in which waste is reduced in volume through appropriate thermal decomposition, combustion, melting and other reactions, and undergoes oxidation at high temperature to become residue or molten solid substances. Waste incineration facilities must be equipped with flue gas treatment facilities to prevent heavy metals, organic pollutants, etc. from being discharged into the environmental medium again. Recycling the heat generated by waste incineration can achieve the purpose of waste resource utilization.

[0003] During the existing waste incineration, since the waste is not pulverized, the combustion area of the waste powder is small, which is not conducive to improving the combustion efficiency. In addition, the existing waste incineration equipment lacks a filtering device at the smoke exhaust port, resulting in smoke filling in the later stage and seriously polluting the air quality. Based on this, a solid waste incineration and tail gas treatment device and method are provided now. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a solid waste incineration and tail gas treatment device and method to solve the problems raised in the above background technique.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A solid waste incineration and tail gas treatment device includes an incineration box and a plurality of legs arranged at its lower end. A combustion plate for carrying combustion materials is slidably arranged inside the incineration box. An aggregate hopper for collecting combustion dust is arranged at the bottom of the incineration box below the combustion plate. A discharge hopper for discharging dust is arranged at the middle position of the lower end of the aggregate hopper. A plurality of oxygen inlets for air intake are arranged on the outer side of the incineration box between the aggregate hopper and the combustion plate. An exhaust passage for exhausting gas is arranged at the middle position of the upper end of the incineration box. A dust removal component for dust removal of the exhaust gas is arranged in the exhaust passage. An exhaust guiding hopper for guiding the airflow to discharge is arranged at the lower end of the exhaust passage. A falling passage for feeding materials is arranged on the left side of the incineration box. A pulverizing box is arranged at the upper end of the falling passage. A pulverizing component for pulverizing solid waste is arranged in the pulverizing box.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: The dust removal component includes a filter screen plate slidably arranged inside the exhaust passage. A supporting side block for restricting its falling is arranged on the inner wall of the exhaust passage below the filter screen plate. A cleaning member for cleaning the blocked mesh holes is arranged in the exhaust passage above the filter screen plate.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: The cleaning member includes cleaning rods symmetrically arranged above the filter screen plate. The lower side of the cleaning rods is distributed with cleaning steel brushes for clearing the holes of the filter screen plate. Both ends of the cleaning rods are connected to a rotating ring outside the exhaust passage through rotating connecting rods. The rotating ring is rotatably arranged outside the exhaust passage through bearings. A plurality of blades are arrayed on the outside of the rotating ring. The upper end of the incineration chamber is also provided with a steam pushing member for jetting air onto the blades to make the rotating ring rotate at a high speed.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: The rotating connecting rod is a U-shaped rod and does not contact the inner wall of the exhaust passage.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: The steam pushing member includes traction connecting rods arranged on both sides of the upper end of the combustion plate. A boiling water tank for storing water is provided on each exhaust passage where each traction connecting rod is located. The boiling water tank is connected to a water supply member for supplying water. A piston plate is slidably arranged inside each boiling water tank. The upper end of the piston plate is connected to the inner top of the boiling water tank through a spring. A jet pipe for discharging high-pressure steam is provided outside the upper end of each boiling water tank. The blowing direction of the jet pipe is consistent with the tangential direction of the rotating ring.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: The water supply member includes an annular water pipe arranged in a ring shape at the upper end of the incineration chamber. The annular water pipe is communicated with the boiling water tank through a connecting pipe. The water inlet end of the annular water pipe is connected to a water supply pipe for supplying water. A liquid level gauge for detecting the liquid level height is arranged inside the boiling water tank.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: A drain pipe for draining water is also provided outside the boiling water tank. The drain pipe is connected to a domestic water pipe.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: The crushing assembly includes a first crushing roller and a second crushing roller arranged in the crushing box. The fixed shafts of the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller are rotatably connected to the crushing box. One end of the two fixed shafts is provided with crushing gears that mesh with each other. One end of one of the fixed shafts is connected to a crushing motor for driving its rotation.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This application is designed for the drawbacks of existing devices, can preliminarily crush solid waste, reduce the combustion volume, increase the combustion area, improve the combustion efficiency, and through the setting of the filter screen, reduce the problem of a large amount of dust in the exhaust gas. At the same time, with the automatic cleaning of the filter screen, the smoothness of the exhaust is ensured, thereby ensuring the incineration quality and having strong practicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram inside the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the upper side of the rotating ring in the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the lower side of the cleaning rod in the present invention.

[0019] Wherein: incinerator 11, exhaust guiding hopper 12, boiling water tank 13, traction connecting rod 14, piston plate 15, spring 16, jet pipe 17, blade 18, rotating ring 19, filter screen plate 20, supporting side block 21, cleaning steel brush 22, cleaning rod 23, rotating connecting rod 24, exhaust passage 25, water supply pipe 26, annular water pipe 27, crushing box 28, first crushing roller 29, second crushing roller 30, falling passage 31, feeding hopper 32, support leg 33, aggregate hopper 34, oxygen inlet 35, combustion plate 36. Detailed implementation manners

[0020] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0021] Embodiment 1

[0022] Please refer to Figures 1 - 4, in an embodiment of the present invention, a solid waste incineration and tail gas treatment device includes an incineration box 11 and a plurality of legs 33 provided at its lower end. A combustion plate 36 for carrying combustion materials is slidably provided inside the incineration box 11. A dust collection hopper 34 for collecting combustion dust is provided at the bottom of the incineration box 11 below the combustion plate 36. A discharge hopper 32 for discharging dust is provided at the middle position of the lower end of the dust collection hopper 34. A plurality of oxygen inlet ports 35 for intake air are provided on the outer side of the incineration box 11 between the dust collection hopper 34 and the combustion plate 36. An exhaust passage 25 for exhausting gas is provided at the middle position of the upper end of the incineration box 11. A dust removal assembly for removing dust from the exhaust gas is provided in the exhaust passage 25. An exhaust guide hopper 12 for guiding the airflow to discharge is provided at the lower end of the exhaust passage 25. A falling passage 31 for feeding materials is provided on the left side of the incineration box 11. A crushing box 28 is provided at the upper end of the falling passage 31. A crushing assembly for crushing solid waste is provided in the crushing box 28. The solid waste is crushed by the crushing assembly, thereby increasing the combustion area and improving the combustion efficiency. An ignition mechanism for spraying fire on the combustion plate 36 is further provided on the inner wall of the incineration box 11. After ignition, external air enters along the oxygen inlet ports 35. The air passes through the combustion plate 36 and fully contacts the solid waste. The waste gas generated by combustion is discharged along the exhaust guide hopper 12 and the exhaust passage 25;

[0023] The dust removal assembly includes a filter screen plate 20 slidably provided inside the exhaust passage 25. A support side block 21 for restricting its fall is provided on the inner wall of the exhaust passage 25 below the filter screen plate 20. A cleaning member for cleaning the blocked mesh holes is provided in the exhaust passage 25 above the filter screen plate 20. During normal incineration operations, under the action of the airflow, a lot of unburned materials will float up. These large particles are roughly easy to cause dust pollution. Therefore, a filter screen is provided here, which can greatly reduce the pollution of the exhaust gas to the air;

[0024] The cleaning member includes cleaning rods 23 symmetrically arranged above the filter screen plate 20. Cleaning steel brushes 22 for clearing the holes of the filter screen plate 20 are distributed on the lower side surface of the cleaning rods 23. Both ends of the cleaning rods 23 are connected to a rotating ring 19 outside the exhaust passage 25 through rotating connecting rods 24. The rotating ring 19 is rotatably arranged outside the exhaust passage 25 through bearings. The rotating connecting rod 24 is a U-shaped rod and does not contact the inner wall of the exhaust passage 25. A number of blades 18 are arranged in an array on the outside of the rotating ring 19. A steam driving member for jetting air onto the blades 18 to make the rotating ring 19 rotate at a high speed is also provided at the upper end of the incinerator 11. Under the action of the steam driving member, the rotating ring 19 will drive the rotating connecting rod 24 to rotate, and the rotating connecting rod 24 will drive the cleaning rod 23 to rotate. When the filter screen plate 20 is blocked, the air flow resistance it receives increases. Therefore, the rotating connecting rod 24 will slide upward along the inner wall of the exhaust passage 25. When it contacts the lower side surface of the cleaning steel brush 22, the cleaning steel brush 22 and the surface of the filter screen plate 20 will scrape relative to each other, thus completing the rapid hole clearing process. The residue will fall back into the incinerator 11 to prevent impurities from blocking the filter screen and affecting the exhaust;

[0025] The steam driving member includes traction connecting rods 14 arranged on both sides of the upper end of the combustion plate 36. A boiling water tank 13 for storing water is provided on each exhaust passage 25 where each traction connecting rod 14 is located. The boiling water tank 13 is connected to a water supply member for supplying water. A piston plate 15 is slidably arranged inside each boiling water tank 13. The upper end of the piston plate 15 is connected to the inner top of the boiling water tank 13 through a spring 16. A jet pipe 17 for discharging high-pressure steam is provided on the outside of the upper end of each boiling water tank 13. The blowing direction of the jet pipe 17 is consistent with the tangential direction of the rotating ring 19. In this way, the thrust generated by the high-pressure steam can act on the blades 18. Driven by the blades 18, the rotating ring 19 will rotate outside the exhaust passage 25. Here, not only can the heat generated by incineration be used for domestic use, but also steam power can be used to assist in cleaning, ensuring the efficient progress of incineration;

[0026] The water supply member includes an annular water pipe 27 arranged in a ring shape at the upper end of the incinerator 11. The annular water pipe 27 is communicated with the boiling water tank 13 through a connecting pipe. The water inlet end of the annular water pipe 27 is connected to a water supply pipe 26 for supplying water. A liquid level gauge for detecting the liquid level height is arranged inside the boiling water tank 13. In this way, timely water replenishment can be carried out according to the liquid level height detected by the liquid level gauge;

[0027] A drain pipe for draining water is also provided on the outside of the boiling water tank 13. The drain pipe is connected to a domestic water pipe, so that the hot water can be utilized;

[0028] The crushing assembly includes a first crushing roller 29 and a second crushing roller 30 disposed in the crushing box 28. The fixed shafts of the first crushing roller 29 and the second crushing roller 30 are rotatably connected to the crushing box 28. One end of the two fixed shafts is provided with crushing gears that mesh with each other. One end of a fixed shaft is connected to a crushing motor for driving its rotation. By driving one of the crushing rollers to rotate with the crushing motor and then cooperating with the first-stage meshing of the two gears, the two crushing rollers are driven to fully crush the solid waste.

[0029] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: In actual use, the solid powder to be incinerated is first fed into the crushing box 28, and the solid waste is refined by the crushing assembly to increase the combustion area. Subsequently, after the waste enters the combustion plate 36, ignition is carried out through the ignition mechanism, causing the solid waste to burn. During the burning process, air enters along the oxygen inlet 35. The dust generated by the burning will fall on the aggregate hopper 34 and finally be discharged along the feed hopper 32. The burning gas flow is discharged along the exhaust passage 25. A large amount of impurities contained in the exhaust gas will be blocked by the filter mesh plate 20. Under the action of the steam pushing member, the rotating ring 19 will drive the rotating connecting rod 24 to rotate, and the rotating connecting rod 24 will drive the cleaning rod 23 to rotate. When the filter mesh plate 20 becomes blocked, the air flow resistance it receives increases. Therefore, the rotating connecting rod 24 will slide upward along the inner wall of the exhaust passage 25. When it contacts the lower side of the cleaning steel brush 22, the cleaning steel brush 22 and the surface of the filter mesh plate 20 will scrape relative to each other, thereby completing the rapid hole cleaning process. The residue will fall back into the incineration box 11 to prevent impurities from blocking the filter mesh and affecting the exhaust.

[0030] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solid waste incineration and tail gas treatment device, comprising an incineration box (11) and a plurality of legs (33) arranged at its lower end. A combustion plate (36) for carrying combustion materials is slidably arranged inside the incineration box (11). A dust collecting hopper (34) for collecting combustion dust is arranged at the bottom of the incineration box (11) below the combustion plate (36). It is characterized in that A blanking hopper (32) for discharging dust is arranged at the middle position of the lower end of the dust collecting hopper (34). A plurality of oxygen inlets (35) for air intake are arranged on the outer side of the incineration box (11) between the dust collecting hopper (34) and the combustion plate (36). An exhaust passage (25) for exhausting gas is arranged at the middle position of the upper end of the incineration box (11). A dust removal assembly for removing dust from the exhaust gas is arranged in the exhaust passage (25). An exhaust guiding hopper (12) for guiding the airflow to discharge is arranged at the lower end of the exhaust passage (25). A falling passage (31) for feeding materials is arranged on the left side of the incineration box (11). A crushing box (28) is arranged at the upper end of the falling passage (31). A crushing assembly for crushing solid waste is arranged in the crushing box (28). The dust removal assembly includes a filter screen plate (20) slidably arranged inside the exhaust passage (25). Support side blocks (21) for restricting its downward movement are arranged on the inner wall of the exhaust passage (25) below the filter screen plate (20). A cleaning member for cleaning the blocked mesh holes is arranged in the exhaust passage (25) above the filter screen plate (20). The cleaning member includes a cleaning rod (23) above the filter screen plate (20). Cleaning steel brushes (22) for cleaning the holes of the filter screen plate (20) are distributed on the lower side of the cleaning rod (23). Both ends of the cleaning rod (23) are connected to a rotating ring (19) outside the exhaust passage (25) through rotating connecting rods (24). The rotating ring (19) is rotatably arranged outside the exhaust passage (25) through a bearing. A plurality of blades (18) are arrayed and distributed on the outer side of the rotating ring (19). A steam pushing member for jetting air to the blades (18) to make the rotating ring (19) rotate at a high speed is also arranged at the upper end of the incineration box (11). The rotating connecting rod (24) is a U-shaped rod and does not contact the inner wall of the exhaust passage (25). The steam pushing member includes traction connecting rods (14) arranged on both sides of the upper end of the combustion plate (36). A boiling water tank (13) for storing water is arranged on the traction connecting rod (14). The boiling water tank (13) is arranged on both sides of the upper end of the incineration box (11). The bottom of the boiling water tank (13) is located inside the incineration box (11). The boiling water tank (13) is connected to a water supply member. A piston plate (15) is slidably arranged inside each boiling water tank (13). The upper end of the piston plate (15) is connected to the inner top of the boiling water tank (13) through a spring (16). A jet pipe (17) for discharging high-pressure steam is arranged on the outer side of the upper end of each boiling water tank (13). The blowing direction of the jet pipe (17) is consistent with the tangential direction of the rotating ring (19).

2. The solid waste incineration and tail gas treatment device according to claim 1, wherein The water supply component includes an annular water pipe (27) arranged in a ring shape at the upper end of the incineration box (11). The annular water pipe (27) is communicated with the boiling water tank (13) through a connecting pipe. The water inlet end of the annular water pipe (27) is connected to a water supply pipe (26) for supplying water. A liquid level gauge for detecting the liquid level height is arranged inside the boiling water tank (13).

3. The solid waste incineration and tail gas treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A drain pipe for draining water is further arranged outside the boiling water tank (13), and the drain pipe is connected to a domestic water pipe.

4. The solid waste incineration and tail gas treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The crushing assembly includes a first crushing roller (29) and a second crushing roller (30) arranged in the crushing box (28). The fixed shafts of the first crushing roller (29) and the second crushing roller (30) are rotationally connected to the crushing box (28). One ends of the two fixed shafts are provided with crushing gears that mesh with each other, and one end of one of the fixed shafts is connected to a crushing motor for driving its rotation.

5. A method for using the solid waste incineration and tail gas treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1: First, send the solid waste to be incinerated into the crushing box (28), refine the solid waste through the crushing assembly to increase the combustion area. Then, after the solid waste enters the combustion plate (36), it is ignited by the ignition mechanism, and the solid waste is incinerated. Step 2: The incineration gas flow is discharged along the exhaust passage (25). A large amount of impurities contained in the exhaust gas will be blocked by the filter mesh plate (20). Under the action of the steam driving member, the rotating ring (19) will drive the rotating connecting rod (24) to rotate, and the rotating connecting rod (24) drives the cleaning rod (23) to rotate. When the filter mesh plate (20) is blocked, the air flow resistance it receives increases. Therefore, the filter mesh plate (20) will slide upward along the inner wall of the exhaust passage (25). When it contacts the lower side of the cleaning steel brush (22), the cleaning steel brush (22) and the surface of the filter mesh plate (20) scrape against each other relatively, thereby completing the rapid hole cleaning treatment. The residue will fall back into the incineration box (11) to prevent impurities from blocking the filter mesh and affecting the exhaust.

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