Well control risk emergency management system and rescue method based on UAV

Abstract

The present invention provides a well control risk emergency management system and rescue method based on unmanned aerial vehicles, the management system includes an unmanned aerial vehicle and a data comprehensive application platform, the unmanned aerial vehicle can obtain flight video, the flight video includes at least one video or image information of a key inspection point; the data comprehensive application platform includes a communication module, a control module, a data storage module and a real-time image module. The method is implemented using the above-mentioned management system, and includes the following steps: S1 locates the coordinates of the key inspection points; S2 formulates an inspection plan; S3 executes the inspection plan; S4 determines the well control risk; S5 makes emergency treatment arrangements. The beneficial effects of the present invention include: being able to solve the problems of currently relying on traditional manual modes in the process of emergency rescue, high operating risks, poor mobility in obtaining on-site images, information lags, and low accident handling efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas, and in particular to a well control risk emergency management system and a rescue method based on unmanned aerial vehicles. Background Art

[0002] The oil and gas exploration industry is a high-risk industry. On-site operations are gradually moving towards complex areas such as high mountains, Gobi, deserts and deep seas. There are many unfavorable factors such as difficulty in access for personnel and equipment and communication difficulties in the workplace. At present, the traditional manual mode is basically relied on in the process of emergency incident handling and pipeline network inspection, facing problems such as high operational risks, poor mobility in obtaining on-site images, information lag, and low accident handling efficiency.

[0003] The Chinese patent application with publication number CN105140823A discloses a pipeline inspection system on a drone platform, which mainly solves the problems of high labor intensity, high difficulty in inspection work, and poor inspection effect in the prior art. It adopts a pipeline inspection system on a drone platform, including a drone platform and a data processor, remote sensing sensor, GPS, communication device, central server and monitoring computer installed on the drone platform; the pipeline inspection system on the drone platform includes a track planning system, a ground control system, and a remote sensing system. The technical solution can be used in pipeline inspection on a drone platform.

[0004] However, for the well site area, especially for emergencies occurring at the wellbore operation site during oil exploration and development, there is currently no emergency rescue plan that can obtain the on-site situation in a timely manner due to the difficulty of traditional emergency rescue dangerous situation reconnaissance, low efficiency of personnel evacuation and personnel rescue, and difficulty in emergency command decision-making. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an emergency rescue plan for well control risks and a corresponding data management system. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve at least one of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art. For example, one of the purposes of the present invention is to solve the problems of difficulty in traditional emergency rescue and dangerous situation reconnaissance, low efficiency in personnel evacuation and personnel rescue, and difficulty in emergency command and decision-making. For another example, one of the purposes of the present invention is to solve the problems of high operational risks, poor mobility in obtaining on-site images, information lag, and low efficiency in accident handling in emergency event handling.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, one aspect of the present invention provides a well control risk emergency management system based on a drone. The emergency management system may include a drone and a data integrated application platform, the drone can obtain flight video, and the flight video may include video or image information of at least one inspection key point. The data integration application platform may include a communication module, a control module, a data storage module and a real-time imaging module, wherein the communication module may be connected to the UAV for communication, and may send signals to the UAV and / or receive signals sent by the UAV; the signals sent by the UAV may include flight videos; the control module is connected to the communication module and may control the inspection plan of the UAV, and the inspection plan may include a plan name, a plan start time, a plan end time, a plan status, an inspection batch, inspection key points, an inspection route and mounting parameters; the plan status may include states such as pending execution, executing, completed, expired and invalidated; the inspection key points may include any one or more of a remote control console, a well killing manifold, a casing pressure gauge, a blowout preventer, a throttling manifold, a liquid-gas separator ignition port, a combustion pool and a drilling platform; the data storage module is connected to the communication module and may store the signals received by the communication module, and the data storage module may also be connected to the control module and may store the inspection plan of the UAV; the real-time imaging module is connected to the communication module and may display the inspection plan and flight video of the UAV.

[0007] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the data storage module stores an orthophoto image of the well site that can display the overall layout of the well site on an electronic image map.

[0008] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the UAV is a vertical take-off and landing fixed-wing UAV.

[0009] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the drone is mounted with a toxic and harmful gas probe, a thermal imaging camera, a video camera, a loudspeaker or emergency rescue supplies.

[0010] Another aspect of the present invention provides a well control risk emergency rescue method based on a drone, which is implemented using the well control risk emergency management system based on a drone, and the method may include the following steps: S1, locating the coordinates of key inspection points; S2, formulating an inspection plan; S3, a control module controls the drone to execute the inspection plan, captures video or image data at key inspection points and transmits them back to a data comprehensive application platform; S4, judging the well control risk based on the video or image data transmitted back by the drone, and when the judgment result of the well control risk is no risk, returning to step S2, and when the judgment result of the well control risk is risky, entering step S5; S5, displaying the real-time flight video of the drone on the real-time imaging module, and the staff makes emergency treatment arrangements for the well control risk.

[0011] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the method may further include, before step S1, obtaining an orthophoto image of the well site.

[0012] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the emergency handling arrangements may include: using a loudspeaker mounted on a drone to shout for emergency evacuation, using emergency rescue materials mounted on a drone to drop them, using a toxic and harmful gas probe mounted on a drone to detect the concentration of toxic and harmful gases at risk points, using a thermal imaging camera mounted on a drone to take pictures of the flame height or flame color at risk points, and using a camera mounted on a drone to take pictures of the pressure gauge and valve opening at risk points.

[0013] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the drone's shooting height for the remote control console is 10-20m, and the visual distance is 65-105m; the drone's shooting height for the pressure manifold is 40-60m, and the visual distance is 55-95m; the drone's shooting height for the casing pressure gauge is 9-15m, and the visual distance is 15-25m; the drone's shooting height for the blowout preventer is 7-15m, and the visual distance is 15-20m; the drone's shooting height for the throttling manifold is 30-44m, and the visual distance is 40-60m; the drone's shooting height for the ignition port of the liquid-gas separator is 20-26m, and the visual distance is 30-40m; the drone's shooting height for the combustion pool is 25-39m, and the visual distance is 100-150m; the drone's shooting height for the drilling platform is 30-44m, and the visual distance is 40-50m.

[0014] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the inspection route may include: inspecting all inspection key points in order from far to near, inspecting all inspection key points in order according to their importance, and inspecting one or more designated key points.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include at least one of the following: 1) Utilizing the high mobility and matching special mounts of the drone cloud platform, high-definition images, videos, infrared images, and orthophotos of the well site are obtained, the panoramic layout of the well site is displayed in three dimensions, and the dynamic information of key points is grasped in real time. At the same time, it has functions such as high-altitude shouting and toxic and harmful gas monitoring, and has expanded the application field of drones, leading the use of drones in the field of oil and gas exploration; 2) Empowering drones to assist in emergency rescue through information technology, drones can be used to quickly locate well control risks, grasp the on-site dynamics of well control hazards in real time, and assist in emergency decision-making by sending back pictures and videos and other information; 3) During the epidemic, personnel transfers were reduced, and at the same time, the actual situation on the scene could be obtained in a three-dimensional, intuitive, timely and accurate manner, making new contributions to timely control of hazards and avoiding escalation of well control situations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The above and other objects and / or features of the present invention will become more apparent through the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0017] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of an exemplary embodiment of the UAV-based well control risk emergency management system of the present invention is shown.

[0018] Figure 2 A flow chart showing an exemplary embodiment of a well control risk emergency rescue method based on a UAV of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Hereinafter, the well control risk emergency management system and rescue method based on UAV of the present invention will be described in detail in conjunction with exemplary embodiments.

[0020] Exemplary Embodiment 1

[0021] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the UAV-based well control risk emergency management system may include a UAV and a data comprehensive application platform.

[0022] The drone can obtain flight video, which may include video or image information of at least one key inspection point. The key inspection point may include any one or more of a remote control console, a well kill manifold, a casing pressure gauge, a blowout preventer, a choke manifold, a gas-liquid separator ignition port, a combustion pool, and a drilling platform.

[0023] The data comprehensive application platform may include a communication module, a control module, a data storage module and a real-time imaging module. The drone is connected to the communication module for communication, and then connected to the data comprehensive application platform. For example, the drone is connected to the communication module via a local area network. Among them, the control module is connected to the communication module, and can send instructions to control the inspection plan of the drone through the communication module. For example, the control module sends instructions to the drone through the communication module to make the drone start flying, hover, end flying, change the flight route or throw materials. Here, the inspection plan may include a plan name, a plan start time, a plan end time, a plan status, an inspection batch, an inspection key point, an inspection route and mounting parameters. The plan status may include states such as pending execution, executing, completed, expired and invalidated. The data storage module is connected to the communication module and can store the signal received by the communication module. The signal received by the communication module is the signal sent by the drone to the communication module, such as a flight video. The flight video is a video taken by the drone during flight, including a historical flight video and a real-time flight video. The data storage module can also be connected to the control module to store the inspection plan of the drone.

[0024] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the data storage module may also store an orthophoto image of the well site that can display the overall layout of the well site on the electronic image map. The orthophoto image of the well site can be obtained in advance and stored in the data storage module, for example, by controlling the drone to take aerial photos of the well site, obtaining high-precision image data of the well site, and then processing it through the aerial survey software to obtain the orthophoto image of the well site. The resolution of the orthophoto image of the well site can be 5 cm. The orthophoto image of the well site can display the overall layout of the well site on the electronic image map. When a well control risk occurs, it can provide a reference for the formulation of the inspection plan, thereby optimizing the inspection route and saving the flight time of the drone to the key inspection points. At the same time, it is also convenient for the staff to quickly understand the layout of the well site and the surrounding areas of the well site, providing a basis for the staff to make decisions, and also convenient for the staff to grasp the on-site situation in a three-dimensional way, saving emergency rescue time and improving emergency rescue efficiency. The real-time image module can display the inspection plan and real-time flight video of the drone. For example, the real-time image module is connected to the data storage module to play the flight video generated by the drone in the execution of the inspection plan in real time. For another example, the real-time imaging module is connected to the communication module, and when the communication module receives the real-time flight video, it is displayed to achieve real-time situation observation of key inspection points. The real-time imaging module can be connected to the control module and directly obtain the inspection plan of the drone.

[0025] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the UAV may be a vertical take-off and landing fixed-wing UAV. A vertical take-off and landing fixed-wing UAV can hover at a specified altitude, which is conducive to video reading of key pressure dials.

[0026] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the number of drones is at least one.

[0027] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the drone is mounted with a toxic and harmful gas probe, a thermal imaging camera, a video camera, a loudspeaker or emergency rescue supplies, that is, the mounting parameters may be mounting a toxic and harmful gas probe, mounting a thermal imaging camera, mounting a video camera, mounting a loudspeaker or mounting emergency rescue supplies.

[0028] Exemplary Embodiment 2

[0029] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 As shown, the UAV-based well control risk emergency rescue method is implemented using the UAV-based well control risk emergency management system in Example 1, and includes the following steps: S1, locating the coordinates of key inspection points; S2, formulating an inspection plan; S3, executing the inspection plan; S4, determining the well control risk; S5, making emergency treatment arrangements.

[0030] S1, locate the coordinates of key inspection points, so as to quickly locate each key inspection point when specifying the inspection plan. The UAV obtains satellite navigation signals through the airborne positioning module. Every time the airborne orthophoto camera takes a photo, it records the time and location information of the photo and the aircraft attitude. Combined with the ground base station data, the centimeter-level coordinates and POS data are obtained through post-differential processing.

[0031] S2, formulate an inspection plan, which may include the name of the plan, the planned start time, the planned end time, the planned status, the inspection batch, the inspection key points, the inspection route and the mounting parameters. Here, when formulating the inspection plan, the plan status is to be executed, and in the subsequent inspection process, the plan status will be synchronously updated to the status of being executed, completed, expired and invalidated according to the execution of the plan. No matter where the risk state occurs in the well site, the drone can complete the inspection of key points from the front field to the back field, and at the same time, the abnormal points are fixed-point magnified to obtain key information, and the synchronous display is completed through the drone platform. Among them, the main key points during blowout are the drilling platform, wellhead device, and blowout pipeline; the main key points during leakage are at the blowout point, and the leakage point is used as the center of the circle for step-by-step investigation; the main key points during combustion are at the combustion point and the nozzle. At the same time, the typical inspection route is stored in the drone, and the drone inspection plan is prefabricated according to the specific well site situation. After the danger occurs, the well site is inspected according to the predetermined plan.

[0032] S3, the control module controls the drone to execute the inspection plan, capture video or image data at key inspection points and transmit them back to the data comprehensive application platform.

[0033] S4, judging the well control risk based on the video or image data sent back by the drone combined with the on-site construction data (e.g., drilling pressure, pump pressure, displacement, etc.). For example, whether there are well control risks such as overflow, blowout, uncontrolled blowout, equipment leakage, etc. Here, the staff can simultaneously watch the video or image data to judge the well control risk, or use an intelligent algorithm to identify the sent back video or image data, and then judge the well control risk. When the well control risk is judged as no risk, return to step S2, you can re-formulate the inspection plan and arrange the next inspection; when the well control risk is judged as risky, go to step S5.

[0034] S5, displays the real-time flight video of the drone on the real-time imaging module, and the staff makes emergency arrangements for well control risks.

[0035] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, before step S1, the following steps may also be included: obtaining an orthophoto map of the well site. For example, after the well site is constructed, two-dimensional modeling is performed on the well site to obtain an orthophoto map of the well site, so as to locate the coordinates of key inspection points according to the orthophoto map of the well site. At the same time, when a well control risk occurs, it is convenient for the staff to quickly understand the layout of the well site and its surroundings, and arrange emergency rescue and personnel evacuation.

[0036] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the emergency handling arrangement may include: using a loudspeaker mounted on a drone to shout for emergency evacuation, for example, using a drone to mount a loudspeaker, and sending a signal through a communication module, shouting through the loudspeaker to command the staff in the well site to perform emergency evacuation or rescue. Here, the radius of the emergency evacuation shout is 5km. Use a drone to mount emergency rescue materials for throwing. For example, determine the location where rescue materials are needed, use a drone to mount emergency rescue materials such as water, safety clothing, ropes, etc., and throw them to the designated location to reduce the material dispatch time during the emergency rescue process and the time wasted due to the inability to dispatch materials due to well control risks. Here, a drone can be used to mount multiple emergency rescue materials with a total weight of no more than 5kg at a time. In one inspection plan, it reaches multiple locations where emergency rescue materials are needed and throws them multiple times to improve the efficiency of material transportation. Use the toxic and harmful gas probe mounted on the drone to detect the concentration of toxic and harmful gases at risk points. For example, when well control risks occur, the risk coefficient of certain key points is high, and there is no toxic and harmful gas detection device installed. In this case, the drone can be dispatched to the designated location to carry out detection with the toxic and harmful gas probe mounted on it, so as to avoid endangering the life safety of workers when dispatching workers for detection, or the drone can carry out detection along the designated route with the toxic and harmful gas probe mounted on it to determine the diffusion direction of toxic and harmful gases and provide support for emergency rescue decisions. Use the thermal imaging camera mounted on the drone to shoot the flame height or flame color of the risk point. For example, shoot the flame of the combustion pool, judge the gas overflow by the height of the burning flame, and roughly judge the gas composition by the burning color to determine whether there is a risk of petroleum gas leakage; use the camera mounted on the drone to shoot the pressure gauge and valve opening of the risk point to assist the commander in the background to monitor the key points of the scene through video, grasp the actual situation on the scene, and provide a basis for emergency command decisions.

[0037] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the shooting distance of the drone for each key inspection point can be adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0038] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the drone's shooting height for the remote control console is 10 to 20 meters, for example, 15 meters, and the visual distance is 65 to 105 meters, for example, 85 meters; the drone's shooting height for the pressure manifold is 40 to 60 meters, for example, 50 meters, and the visual distance is 55 to 95 meters, for example, 75 meters; the drone's shooting height for the casing pressure gauge is 9 to 15 meters, for example, 11 meters, and the visual distance is 15 to 25 meters, for example, 20 meters; the drone's shooting height for the blowout preventer is 7 to 15 meters, for example, 9 meters, and the visual distance is 15 to 25 meters, for example, 2 0m; the shooting height of the throttling manifold by the drone is 30-44m, for example, 37m, and the sight distance is 40-60m, for example, 50m; the shooting height of the ignition port of the liquid-gas separator by the drone is 20-26m, for example, 23m; the sight distance is 30-40m, for example, 35m; the shooting height of the combustion pool by the drone is 25-39m, for example, 32m, and the sight distance is 100-150m, for example, 120m; the shooting height of the drilling platform by the drone is 30-44m, for example, 37m, and the sight distance is 40-50m, for example, 45m.

[0039] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the inspection route may include: inspecting all inspection key points in order from far to near by distance, inspecting all inspection key points in order by importance of the inspection key points, or inspecting one or more designated key points. For example, starting from the take-off point of the drone, inspect all inspection key points in order from far to near by distance, for example, only inspecting the blowout preventer and the drilling platform by importance of the key points.

[0040] In summary, the beneficial effects of the present invention may include:

[0041] (1) It can solve the problems that the current emergency rescue process basically relies on the traditional manual mode, with high operation risks, poor mobility in obtaining on-site images, delayed information, and low accident handling efficiency.

[0042] (2) Be able to timely grasp the dynamic information of the emergency rescue site and realize emergency site situation awareness and comprehensive dispatch.

[0043] (3) It can reduce the transfer of personnel during the epidemic, and can obtain the actual situation on site in a three-dimensional, intuitive, timely and accurate manner, making new contributions to timely control of dangerous situations and avoiding the escalation of well control situations.

[0044] (4) The present invention may be applicable to various fields including, but not limited to, the initial exploration of well site construction, drilling well site, oil test well site, gas gathering station / oil production site, and other stages of the entire life cycle. It is also applicable to other UAV high-altitude operations such as pipeline network ground inspection.

[0045] (5) The present invention solves the problem that the fixed camera collects the video information of the well site at a fixed angle, which is inflexible and easily blocked by ground facilities. In special cases, there is a lack of unobstructed high-altitude viewing angle. The video information of the overall situation of the well site, such as the overall situation of the well site, can only be obtained by using the high-altitude mobile platform of the drone. By using the high-altitude mobile platform of the drone, the overall situation of the well site can be obtained according to the actual risk situation when a dangerous situation occurs, and the detailed information of key points can be explored from multiple angles by using its mobility.

[0046] (6) The present invention responds to the group company's requirements for information development and intelligent transformation through the use of drones + information platform. It uses information technology to remotely and timely grasp key point information on the drilling site, which is more conducive to the actual implementation of remote command.

[0047] Although the present invention has been described above in conjunction with the exemplary embodiments and the accompanying drawings, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications may be made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A well control risk emergency management system based on drones, characterized in that: The emergency management system includes a drone and a comprehensive data application platform. The drone is capable of acquiring a flight video, wherein the flight video includes video or image information of at least one inspection key point; The data comprehensive application platform includes a communication module, a control module, a data storage module and a real-time imaging module, wherein the communication module is connected to the UAV for communication, and can send signals to the UAV and / or receive signals sent by the UAV, wherein the signals sent by the UAV include flight videos; the control module is connected to the communication module, and can control the inspection plan of the UAV, wherein the inspection plan includes the plan name, the plan start time, the plan end time, the plan status, the inspection batch, the inspection key points, the inspection route and the mounting parameters, wherein the plan status includes to be executed, being executed, completed, expired and invalidated, wherein the inspection key points include any one or more of the remote control console, the well killing manifold, the casing pressure gauge, the blowout preventer, the throttling manifold, the liquid-gas separator ignition port, the combustion pool and the drilling platform; the data storage module is connected to the communication module, and can store the signals received by the communication module, and the data storage module is also connected to the control module, and can store the inspection plan of the UAV; the real-time imaging module is connected to the communication module, and can display the inspection plan and flight video of the UAV; The data storage module stores an orthophoto image of the well site that can display the overall layout of the well site on the electronic image map, and the resolution of the orthophoto image of the well site is 5 cm; The UAV obtains satellite navigation signals through the airborne positioning module, and each time the airborne orthophoto camera takes a photo, it records the time and location information of the photo and the aircraft attitude, and then combines the ground base station data to obtain centimeter-level coordinates and POS data through post-differential processing.

2. The well control risk emergency management system based on unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The UAV is a vertical take-off and landing fixed-wing UAV.

3. The well control risk emergency management system based on unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The drone is mounted with toxic and harmful gas probes, thermal imaging cameras, video cameras, loudspeakers or emergency rescue materials.

4. A well control risk emergency rescue method based on drones, characterized in that: The method is implemented using the well control risk emergency management system based on a drone as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, and comprises the following steps: S1, coordinates of key inspection points; S2. Formulate an inspection plan, wherein the inspection route includes: inspecting all inspection key points in order from far to near, inspecting all inspection key points in order according to their importance, and inspecting one or more designated key points; S3, the control module controls the drone to execute the inspection plan, captures video or image data at key inspection points and transmits them back to the data comprehensive application platform; S4, judging the well control risk according to the video or image data sent back by the drone, when the well control risk is judged as no risk, returning to step S2, when the well control risk is judged as risky, entering step S5; S5. The UAV zooms in on the abnormal point to obtain key information, and displays the real-time flight video of the UAV on the real-time imaging module. The staff will make emergency arrangements for well control risks.

5. The well control risk emergency rescue method based on unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Before step S1, the method further includes: obtaining an orthophoto of the well site.

6. The well control risk emergency rescue method based on unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The emergency handling arrangements include: using the loudspeaker mounted on the drone to shout for emergency evacuation, using the emergency rescue materials mounted on the drone to drop, using the toxic and harmful gas probe mounted on the drone to detect the concentration of toxic and harmful gases at risk points, using the thermal imaging camera mounted on the drone to take pictures of the flame height or flame color at the risk points, and using the camera mounted on the drone to take pictures of the pressure gauge and valve opening at the risk points, any one or more of the following.

7. The well control risk emergency rescue method based on unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The shooting height of the drone for the remote control console is 10 to 20 meters, and the visual distance is 65 to 105 meters; the shooting height of the drone for the well-killing manifold is 40 to 60 meters, and the visual distance is 55 to 95 meters; the shooting height of the drone for the casing pressure gauge is 9 to 15 meters, and the visual distance is 15 to 25 meters; the shooting height of the drone for the blowout preventer is 7 to 15 meters, and the visual distance is 15 to 20 meters.

8. The well control risk emergency rescue method based on unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The shooting height of the drone for the throttling manifold is 30-44m, and the sight distance is 40-60m; the shooting height of the drone for the ignition port of the liquid-gas separator is 20-26m, and the sight distance is 30-40m; the shooting height of the drone for the combustion pool is 25-39m, and the sight distance is 100-150m; the shooting height of the drone for the drilling platform is 30-44m, and the sight distance is 40-50m.

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