An air circulation machine

Abstract

The present invention provides an air cycle machine, comprising an expander portion, a compressor portion, a fan portion, and a rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is provided with the expander portion, the compressor portion, the fan portion, a first radial bearing, a second radial bearing, a first thrust bearing, a second thrust bearing, a first bleed air duct, and an air intake passage. One end of the first bleed air duct can introduce gas from the expansion chamber of the expander portion, and the other end is connected to one end of the air intake passage. The other end of the air intake passage is connected to the first bearing chamber. A cooling passage is provided inside the rotating shaft, and the cooling passage can conduct the gas in the first bearing chamber to the second bearing chamber; and the gas after passing through the second radial bearing can be conducted to the air intake of the compressor portion. The air cycle machine of the present invention can effectively remove the friction heat of the high-speed bearing, improve the stability of the high-speed rotating rotor system, and at the same time can recycle and reuse the discharged high-pressure airflow, achieving energy-saving effects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of air cycle machines, and in particular to an air cycle machine. Background Art

[0002] Air cycle units used in compressed air circulation refrigeration systems have rotors supported by pneumatic bearings that rotate at high speeds. Frictional heat from the air between the bearings and the rotor must be removed promptly. Otherwise, if this heat accumulates to a certain level, the bearings may burn out, and the air cycle unit may malfunction.

[0003] Patent 201410083009.3 discloses a shaft-diameter shaft with a sealing disk. This shaft-diameter shaft needs to be assembled with another thrust bearing shaft to form a complete shaft assembly to guide the cooling gas. However, the assembly shaft faces assembly precision control issues, and the high-precision shaft assembly requirements increase processing costs and quality control difficulties. Because the sealing disk installed on the shaft-diameter shaft controls the flow distribution of the cooling flow, it undoubtedly increases the complexity of the structure, the difficulty of assembly control, and the cost of prototype manufacturing. The cooling airflow is discharged to the fan blades and cannot participate in the working medium circulation of the air conditioning component, wasting high-pressure airflow.

[0004] Patent 201110432497.0 discloses a thrust bearing shaft that functions as both a radial shaft and a thrust plate. The thrust bearing shaft must be assembled with another radial shaft to form a complete shaft assembly to guide cooling air. However, this assembly presents challenges with precision control, as the high-precision shaft assembly requirements increase processing costs and quality control. The cooling airflow is discharged to the fan blades and cannot participate in the working fluid circulation of the air conditioning assembly, wasting the high-pressure airflow.

[0005] Since the bearings of the air cycle machine in the prior art generate a large amount of heat, if the heat is not dissipated and cooled in time, the bearings will be damaged, affecting the normal operation of the air cycle machine; for the scheme of cooling the bearings, the high-pressure air flow after cooling is discharged outside the system, which has technical problems such as energy waste. Therefore, the present invention studies and designs an air cycle machine. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect of the air cycle machine in the prior art that it cannot reasonably utilize the cooled high-pressure gas while dissipating heat and cooling the bearings, thereby providing an air cycle machine.

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an air cycle machine, comprising:

[0008] An expander portion, a compressor portion, a fan portion, and a rotating shaft, wherein the rotating shaft passes through the expander portion, the compressor portion, and the fan portion; the air cycle machine further comprises a first radial bearing, a second radial bearing, a first thrust bearing, a second thrust bearing, a first bleed air duct, and an air intake passage; the rotating shaft is supported by the first radial bearing, the second radial bearing, the first thrust bearing, and the second thrust bearing; the first radial bearing, the first thrust bearing, and the second thrust bearing are all disposed in a first bearing cavity, and the second radial bearing is disposed in a second bearing cavity;

[0009] One end of the first air bleed pipe is capable of introducing gas from the expansion chamber of the expander part, and the other end is connected to one end of the air inlet channel. The other end of the air inlet channel is connected to the first bearing chamber for conveying cooling air for cooling the first radial bearing, the first thrust bearing, and the second thrust bearing. A cooling channel is provided inside the rotating shaft, and the cooling channel is capable of conveying gas in the first bearing chamber to the second bearing chamber for conveying cooling air for cooling the second radial bearing. The gas after passing through the second radial bearing can be conveyed to the air intake of the compressor part.

[0010] At least a partial structure of a thrust plate is provided between the first thrust bearing and the second thrust bearing. One end of the air inlet passage is opposite to the thrust plate. An air hole is provided on the thrust plate along its axial direction.

[0011] In some embodiments, the minimum distance between the edge of the pore and the rotation axis is e, and the aperture of the pore is d5;

[0012] The outer peripheral surface of the shaft section of the rotating shaft opposite to the first radial bearing is a first axial surface, and the outer diameter of the first axial surface is d1, and e≥d1 / 2, and the aperture ratio d5 / d1=0.04~0.12.

[0013] In some embodiments, the cooling channel includes a first cooling channel, a second cooling channel and a third cooling channel, one end of the first cooling channel is connected to the first bearing cavity, and the other end is connected to the second cooling channel, the second cooling channel extends along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and one end of the third cooling channel is connected to one end of the second cooling channel, and the other end is connected to the second bearing cavity.

[0014] In some embodiments, a bearing seat is included, the first bearing cavity is arranged inside the bearing seat, and the air intake passage is opened on the bearing seat; a first sealing structure and a second sealing structure are provided in the bearing seat, and the rotating shaft is assembled on the bearing seat through the second radial bearing, the first thrust bearing and the second thrust bearing, and the first bearing cavity is located in a cavity surrounded by the bearing seat, the rotating shaft, the first sealing structure and the second sealing structure.

[0015] In some embodiments, a thrust plate is further provided between the first thrust bearing and the second thrust bearing, and one end of the air intake passage is opposite to the thrust plate. The cooling gas enters the first bearing cavity from the air intake passage and cools the first thrust bearing and the second thrust bearing respectively, and then reaches the first radial bearing and cools it; and then enters the second cooling channel inside the rotating shaft through the first cooling channel.

[0016] In some embodiments, the cooling gas enters the second cooling channel and then passes through the third cooling channel into the second bearing cavity to cool the second radial bearing.

[0017] In some embodiments, a first gap is provided between the first radial bearing and the rotating shaft or on the first radial bearing along its axial direction, and the first gap can conduct the airflow from one axial side of the first radial bearing to the other axial side thereof.

[0018] In some embodiments, a second gap is provided between the first thrust bearing and the thrust plate, a third gap is provided between the second thrust bearing and the thrust plate, a fourth gap is provided between the first thrust bearing and the rotating shaft or on the first thrust bearing along its axial direction, the air hole can conduct the airflow from one axial side of the thrust plate to the other axial side thereof, and the first thrust bearing is located between the thrust plate and the first radial bearing.

[0019] In some embodiments, a sleeve is further included, a partial section of which is sleeved on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft and opposite to the second radial bearing, the second radial bearing is located on the outer periphery of the sleeve, and a sixth gap is opened between the second radial bearing and the sleeve or inside the second radial bearing along its axial direction, and the sixth gap can conduct the gas in the second bearing cavity to the intake port of the compressor part.

[0020] In some embodiments, a fan base and a connecting cavity are further included, wherein the second bearing cavity and the connecting cavity are both arranged in the fan base, and the connecting cavity is located on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft, and one axial end of the connecting cavity is connected to the second bearing cavity through the sixth gap, and the other axial end is connected to the intake port of the compressor part.

[0021] In some embodiments, a third sealing structure is provided on the fan base, the rotating shaft is assembled on the fan base through the second radial bearing, and the second bearing cavity is located in the space surrounded by the fan base, the rotating shaft, the third sealing structure and the sleeve.

[0022] In some embodiments, one end of the sleeve extends to a position covering the third cooling channel, and a sleeve hole is provided on the sleeve at a position opposite to the third cooling channel, and the sleeve hole can conduct the gas in the third cooling channel to the second bearing cavity, and the other end of the sleeve extends to the interior of the compressor part.

[0023] In some embodiments, a second air bleed channel is further provided on the expansion shell of the expander part, an air guide portion is further provided on the expansion shell, a third air bleed channel is provided on the air guide portion, one end of the first air bleed pipeline is connected to one end of the third air bleed channel, the other end of the third air bleed channel is connected to one end of the second air bleed channel, and the other end of the second air bleed channel is connected to the expansion chamber of the expander part.

[0024] In some embodiments, the first radial bearing and the second radial bearing are radial pneumatic bearings; and / or, the first thrust bearing and the second thrust bearing are thrust pneumatic bearings.

[0025] In some embodiments, there are a plurality of air holes, and the plurality of air holes are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the thrust plate, and the number of the air holes is 2 to 12.

[0026] In some embodiments, the thrust plate includes a first cylindrical segment, a second cylindrical segment, and an inner cylindrical surface. The first cylindrical segment is sandwiched between the first thrust bearing and the second thrust bearing. One axial end of the second cylindrical segment is connected to the first cylindrical segment. The inner circumferential surfaces of the first cylindrical segment and the second cylindrical segment are an integral structure, namely, the inner cylindrical surface. The thrust plate is integrally sleeved on the rotating shaft through the inner cylindrical surface.

[0027] The outer circumferential surface of the shaft section opposite to the first cylindrical section is the second axial surface, the outer diameter of the second axial surface is d2, and the second axial surface is interference fit with the inner cylindrical surface of the thrust plate, the inner diameter of the inner cylindrical surface is d4, the outer circumferential surface of the shaft section opposite to the first sealing structure is the third axial surface, the outer diameter of the third axial surface is d3, and d2>d4>d3.

[0028] In some embodiments, the axial width of the second axial surface is w1, the axial width of the inner cylindrical surface is w2, and 0.2≤w1 / w2≤1.

[0029] In some embodiments, the second cylindrical section of the thrust plate also includes an outer cylindrical surface, which cooperates with the first sealing structure. A groove is also provided on the outer cylindrical surface, and the depth of the groove in the radial direction is h, h ≥ 0.5 mm, and the width of the groove in the axial direction is w3, w3 ≥ 1 mm.

[0030] In some embodiments, the aperture of the first cooling channel is D1, the aperture of the second cooling channel is D2, the aperture of the third cooling channel is D3, the outer peripheral surface of the shaft segment opposite to the first radial bearing is the shaft surface, and the outer diameter of the shaft surface is D4, the end surface of the rotating shaft connected to the thrust plate is the shaft locating surface, and the axial distance between the cross-section AA at the position of the first cooling channel and the shaft locating surface is L1, the axial distance between the cross-section BB at the position of the third cooling channel and the shaft locating surface is L2, and D3 ≥ D1, and the aperture ratio D1 / D4 = 0.05~0.2, and the aperture ratio D3 / D4 = 0.2~0.5.

[0031] In some embodiments, L1 / D4=1.1-1.8, L2 / D4=6.5-7.5.

[0032] In some embodiments, the first cooling channel extends along the radial direction of the rotating shaft, and the third cooling channel extends along the radial direction of the rotating shaft; and / or, there are multiple first cooling channels, and the multiple first cooling channels are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft, and there are multiple third cooling channels, and the multiple third cooling channels are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft.

[0033] In some embodiments, when there are multiple first cooling channels and multiple third cooling channels, the number of the first cooling channels is 2 to 12, and the number of the third cooling channels is 2 to 12.

[0034] The air cycle machine provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] The air cycle machine of the present invention is designed to accommodate two bearing cavities of the bearing device, and an air duct is provided to connect it with the expansion cavity (inlet cavity) of the expander part, and the low-temperature gas at the expansion machine suction port can be introduced through the air inlet channel. After entering the first bearing cavity, the first and second thrust bearings and the first radial bearing are cooled. After cooling, the gas can be effectively conducted to the second bearing cavity through the cooling channel opened in the rotating shaft to cool the second radial bearing. The cooling airflow is in direct contact with the bearing device to be cooled, taking away a large amount of heat from the bearing device, effectively improving the cooling effect of the bearing and enhancing the heat dissipation capacity. At the same time, by connecting the other end of the second bearing cavity to the suction port of the compressor part, The gas after cooling the bearings in the first bearing cavity and the second bearing cavity in turn can be introduced into the suction port of the compressor part to increase the temperature of the gas at the suction port of the compressor, increase the suction superheat, increase the compression capacity, increase the energy efficiency of the air cycle machine, and improve the energy saving effect; and prevent liquid hammer; therefore, the air cycle machine of the present invention can effectively take away the friction heat of the high-speed bearings, improve the stability of the high-speed rotating rotor system, and at the same time recycle and utilize the discharged high-pressure airflow, thereby achieving energy-saving effects; and the present invention can make the airflow flow smoother by setting the size relationship e≥d1 / 2, and setting the aperture ratio d5 / d1=0.04~0.12, which can effectively improve the stiffness of the thrust plate while reducing the flow loss of the cooling fluid. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the structure of an air cycle machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 1a for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of part A;

[0038] Figure 1b for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of part B;

[0039] Figure 2 A structural perspective view of an air cycle machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the internal cooling flow path of the air cycle machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the rotating shaft structure of the air cycle machine of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4a for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the middle AA section;

[0043] Figure 4b for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the middle BB section;

[0044] Figure 5 It is a front cross-sectional view of the thrust plate of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5a for Figure 5 A top view of

[0046] Figure 5b for Figure 5a CC cross-section diagram.

[0047] The reference numerals indicate:

[0048] 100, expander section; 200, compressor section; 201, air intake; 300, fan section; T01, expander inlet; T02, expander outlet; C01, compressor inlet; C02, compressor outlet; F01, fan blade inlet; F02, fan blade outlet; Z01, rotor system;

[0049] 01. Expansion shell; 0101. Second air bleed channel; 02. Air guide; 0201. Third air bleed channel; 03. First air bleed pipeline; 04. Bearing seat; 0401. Air inlet channel; 0501. First thrust bearing; 0502. Second thrust bearing; 06. First sealing structure; 07. Thrust plate; 0701. Air hole; 0702. Inner cylindrical surface; 0703. Thrust plate positioning surface; 0704. Outer cylindrical surface; 0705. Groove; 08. First radial bearing; 09. Rotating shaft; 0901. First cooling channel; 0902. Second cooling channel; 0903. Third cooling channel; 0904. First axial surface; 0905. Shaft positioning surface; 0906. Second axial surface; 0907. Third axial surface; 10. Second sealing structure; 11. Bushing; 1101. Bushing hole; 12. Parts; 13. Third sealing structure; 14. Fan base; 15. Second radial bearing; q1. First bearing cavity; q2. Second bearing cavity; 26. Connecting cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments of the present invention and corresponding drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] Combine Figures 1 to 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an air cycle machine, which includes:

[0052] An expander portion 100, a compressor portion 200, a fan portion 300, and a rotating shaft 09, wherein the rotating shaft 09 passes through the expander portion 100, the compressor portion 200, and the fan portion 300; the air cycle machine further includes a first radial bearing 08, a second radial bearing 15, a first thrust bearing 0501, a second thrust bearing 0502, a first air bleed pipe 03, and an air intake passage 0401; the rotating shaft 09 is supported by the first radial bearing 08, the second radial bearing 15, the first thrust bearing 0501, and the second thrust bearing 0502; the first radial bearing 08, the first thrust bearing 0501, and the second thrust bearing 0502 are all disposed in a first bearing cavity q1, and the second radial bearing 15 is disposed in a second bearing cavity q2;

[0053] One end of the first air bleed pipe 03 can introduce gas from the expansion chamber of the expander part 100, and the other end is connected to one end of the air inlet channel 0401. The other end of the air inlet channel 0401 is connected to the first bearing chamber q1, and is used to transport cooling air for cooling the first radial bearing 08, the first thrust bearing 0501, and the second thrust bearing 0502. The rotating shaft 09 is internally provided with a cooling channel, which can conduct the gas in the first bearing chamber q1 to the second bearing chamber q2, and is used to transport cooling air for cooling the second radial bearing 15. After passing through the second radial bearing 15, the gas can be conducted to the intake port 201 of the compressor part 200.

[0054] At least a partial structure of a thrust plate 07 is also provided between the first thrust bearing 0501 and the second thrust bearing 0502 (at least a partial structure means that the thrust plate can be completely located between the first and second thrust bearings; or part of the thrust plate can be located between the first and second thrust bearings, and the other part is not located between the first and second thrust bearings). One end of the air intake channel 0401 is opposite to the thrust plate 07, and an air hole 0701 is opened on the thrust plate 07 along its axial direction.

[0055] The air cycle machine of the present invention is designed to accommodate two bearing cavities of the bearing device, and an air duct is provided to connect it with the expansion cavity (inlet cavity) of the expander part, and the low-temperature gas at the expansion machine suction port can be introduced through the air inlet channel. After entering the first bearing cavity, the first and second thrust bearings and the first radial bearing are cooled. After cooling, the gas can be effectively conducted to the second bearing cavity through the cooling channel opened inside the rotating shaft to cool the second radial bearing. The cooling airflow is in direct contact with the bearing device to be cooled, taking away a large amount of heat from the bearing device, and effectively improving the cooling effect on the bearing. The invention also improves the heat dissipation capacity; at the same time, by connecting the other end of the second bearing cavity to the air intake of the compressor part, the gas after cooling the bearings in the first bearing cavity and the second bearing cavity in turn can be introduced into the air intake of the compressor part, thereby increasing the temperature of the gas at the air intake of the compressor, improving the suction superheat, improving the compression capacity, improving the energy efficiency of the air cycle machine, and improving the energy saving effect; and preventing liquid hammer; therefore, the air cycle machine of the present invention can effectively take away the friction heat of the high-speed bearing, improve the stability of the high-speed rotating rotor system, and at the same time can recycle and utilize the discharged high-pressure airflow, thereby achieving the effect of energy saving.

[0056] In some embodiments, the minimum distance between the edge of the air hole 0701 and the rotation axis 09 is e, and the aperture of the air hole 0701 is d5;

[0057] The outer circumferential surface of the shaft section of the rotating shaft 09 that faces the first radial bearing 08 is a first axial surface 0904. The outer diameter of the first axial surface 0904 is d1, and e ≥ d1 / 2, with an aperture ratio of d5 / d1 = 0.04 to 0.12. The present invention facilitates smoother airflow by setting the dimensional relationship e ≥ d1 / 2 and the aperture ratio d5 / d1 = 0.04 to 0.12, effectively increasing the stiffness of the thrust plate while reducing cooling fluid flow losses.

[0058] The thrust plate's air holes 0701 are parallel to the shaft, with the distance between the edge of the thrust plate's air holes 0701 and the shaft being e (mm). The diameter of the first axial surface 0904 is d1 (mm). To ensure smooth airflow, e ≥ d1 / 2. The thrust plate's air holes 0701 are evenly distributed around the circumference, with a number of 2 to 12 holes. Too many holes weaken the shaft, while too few holes make it difficult to ensure adequate flow area. The preferred number of holes is 8. The thrust plate's air holes 0701 have a diameter of d5 (mm). Considering both the thrust plate's stiffness and the cooling fluid's flow loss, the aperture ratio d5 / d1 is 0.04 to 0.12, with d5 / d1 being 0.08 preferred. A smaller aperture ratio results in higher stiffness for the rotor shaft's thrust plate, but higher cooling fluid flow loss. A larger aperture ratio results in lower cooling fluid flow loss but lower thrust plate stiffness.

[0059] 1. The present invention provides an air circulation machine with a built-in pneumatic bearing cooling function.

[0060] 2. The present invention provides a pneumatic bearing cooling flow path. Under the action of pressure difference, the flow path guides cooling gas to cool the bearing.

[0061] 3. The present invention provides a whole hollow shaft to guide the cooling gas inside the shaft.

[0062] 1. The cooling flow path of the present invention effectively removes the friction heat of the high-speed bearing, improves the reliability of the high-speed rotating rotor system, and effectively solves the technical problem of cooling the pneumatic bearings of the air cycle machine.

[0063] 2. The present invention opens a group of air inlet holes on the rotor shaft, without considering the distribution problem of bearing cooling flow, ensuring that all cooling flows cool each bearing in turn, and can effectively solve the problem of flow distribution involved in cooling multiple bearings.

[0064] 3. The cooling flow of the present invention is finally introduced into the compressor intake port and participates in the air circulation of the air-conditioning component, thereby avoiding the waste of high-pressure airflow, achieving energy-saving effects, and effectively solving the problem of waste of high-pressure airflow caused by the airflow after cooling the bearing being discharged outside the air-conditioning component.

[0065] 4. The present invention adopts a whole hollow shaft, which not only can realize the guidance of the cooling flow, but also avoids the problem of low assembly precision of multi-section shafts and solves the problem of low assembly precision of multi-section shafts.

[0066] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the rotational power of rotor system Z01 in an air cycle unit used in a compressed air refrigeration system comes from the expansion work of the gas. Gas flows into the expander inlet T01, expands, and performs work. This work lowers the temperature of the gas, which then flows out of the expander outlet T02 and is transported to the area requiring refrigeration. This expansion work drives the rotation of rotor system Z01. The compression impeller on rotor system Z01 draws in gas from the compressor inlet C01 and compresses it before discharging it from the compressor outlet C02. Simultaneously, the fan blades on rotor system Z01 draw in air from the fan inlet F01 and discharge it from the fan outlet F02, driving the air.

[0067] like Figure 2 The rotor system Z01 is supported radially by the first radial bearing 08 and the second radial bearing 15 (preferably pneumatic bearings), and is supported axially by the first thrust bearing 0501 and the second thrust bearing 0502 (preferably pneumatic bearings).

[0068] like Figure 2As shown. A second air inlet channel 0101 is provided at the inlet of the expansion housing 01. A third air inlet channel 0201 is arranged on the air guide portion 02. Third air inlet channel 0201 extends through and connects to the second air inlet channel 0101. A pipe (first air inlet conduit 03) is integrally assembled with the air guide portion 02. The first air inlet conduit 03 is connected to the air guide portion 02. An air inlet channel 0401 is arranged within the bearing housing 04 and connects to the first air inlet conduit 03.

[0069] In some embodiments, the cooling channel includes a first cooling channel 0901, a second cooling channel 0902, and a third cooling channel 0903. One end of the first cooling channel 0901 is connected to the first bearing cavity q1, and the other end is connected to the second cooling channel 0902. The second cooling channel 0902 extends axially along the rotating shaft 09. One end of the third cooling channel 0903 is connected to one end of the second cooling channel 0902, and the other end is connected to the second bearing cavity q2. This is a preferred structural form of the cooling channel of the present invention, that is, cooling gas can be introduced from the first bearing cavity through the first cooling channel and enter the second cooling channel. The second cooling channel extends axially to guide the gas to the third cooling channel. The third cooling channel guides the cooling gas into the second bearing cavity, thereby completing the effective transfer of cooling gas and simultaneously cooling the three bearings in the first bearing cavity and the one bearing in the second bearing cavity.

[0070] In some embodiments, a bearing seat 04 is included, wherein the first bearing cavity q1 is disposed within the bearing seat 04, and the air intake passage 0401 is provided on the bearing seat 04; a first sealing structure 06 and a second sealing structure 10 are provided within the bearing seat 04; the rotating shaft 09 is assembled on the bearing seat 04 via the first radial bearing 08, the first thrust bearing 0501, and the second thrust bearing 0502; the first bearing cavity q1 is located within the cavity enclosed by the bearing seat 04, the rotating shaft 09, the first sealing structure 06, and the second sealing structure 10. This is a further preferred structural form of the air cycle machine of the present invention. The bearing seat is used to support multiple bearings (including first and second thrust bearings and a first radial bearing). By providing the first bearing cavity and the air intake passage on the bearing seat, the present invention can effectively introduce cooling gas from the expansion chamber into the first bearing cavity, thereby providing conditions for cooling the multiple bearings.

[0071] In some embodiments, a thrust plate 07 is further disposed between the first thrust bearing 0501 and the second thrust bearing 0502. One end of the air inlet passage 0401 faces the thrust plate 07. Cooling gas enters the first bearing cavity q1 from the air inlet passage 0401 and cools the first thrust bearing 0501 and the second thrust bearing 0502, respectively. Cooling gas then reaches and cools the first radial bearing 08. The cooling gas then passes through the first cooling passage 0901 and enters the second cooling passage 0902 within the rotating shaft 09. The present invention also utilizes a thrust plate structure disposed between the two thrust bearings to provide bidirectional thrust for the rotating shaft. Furthermore, the air inlet passage faces the thrust plate, allowing cooling gas entering the first bearing cavity to cool the two thrust bearings separately and then further cool the first radial bearing, effectively cooling all three bearings.

[0072] like Figure 1 The bearing seat 04 , the first sealing structure 06 , the second sealing structure 10 and the rotating shaft 09 form a cavity (i.e., the first bearing cavity q1 ), which accommodates the first radial bearing 08 , the first thrust bearing 0501 , the second thrust bearing 0502 and the thrust plate 07 .

[0073] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, airflow 1, drawn from expansion housing 01, flows sequentially through second air inlet passage 0101, third air inlet passage 0201, air guide portion 02, and air inlet passage 0401, before flowing into first bearing cavity q1. Airflow 1 is divided into two parts: airflow 11 and airflow 12. Airflow 11 flows through the gap between first thrust bearing 0501 and thrust plate 07, removing heat generated by friction between thrust plate 07 and first thrust bearing 0501. Airflow 12 flows through the gap between second thrust bearing 0502 and thrust plate 07, removing heat generated by friction between thrust plate 07 and second thrust bearing 0502. Airflow 12 passes through the thrust plate air hole (air hole 0701) and merges with airflow 11 to form airflow 2. Airflow 2 flows through the gap between first radial bearing 08 and rotating shaft 09, removing heat generated by friction between the two. Airflow 2 flows through first cooling channel 0901 and converges within second cooling channel 0902 to form airflow 3.

[0074] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown in the figure, the fan base 14, the third sealing structure 13, the component 12, and the sleeve 11 form a cavity (the second bearing cavity q2), which houses the second radial bearing 15. Airflow 3 within the shaft inner bore (the second cooling channel 0902) flows sequentially through the shaft hole (the third cooling channel 0903) and the sleeve hole 1101 into cavity q2. The airflow then flows through the gap between the second radial bearing 15 and the sleeve 11, removing frictional heat. Finally, the airflow is drawn into the compressor and enters the subsequent cycle.

[0075] In some embodiments, the cooling gas enters the second cooling channel 0902 and then passes through the third cooling channel 0903 into the second bearing cavity q2, cooling the second radial bearing 15. The present invention allows the cooling gas, which has cooled the first radial bearing, to be directed into the second bearing cavity via the second and third cooling channels within the rotating shaft, effectively cooling the second radial bearing. This eliminates the need to consider the distribution of cooling flow across the bearings, ensuring that all cooling flows cool each bearing sequentially.

[0076] In some embodiments, a first gap is provided between the first radial bearing 08 and the rotating shaft 09 or on the first radial bearing 08 along its axial direction, and the first gap can guide the airflow on one axial side of the first radial bearing 08 to the other axial side thereof. Figure 1 It is preferred that the gas is passed through the first gap to cool the first radial bearing and is conducted to the left end of the first radial bearing, thereby playing an effective role in cooling and conducting.

[0077] In some embodiments, a second gap is provided between the first thrust bearing 0501 and the thrust plate 07, a third gap is provided between the second thrust bearing 0502 and the thrust plate 07, a fourth gap is provided between the first thrust bearing 0501 and the rotating shaft 09 or on the first thrust bearing 0501 along its axial direction, an air hole 0701 is provided on the thrust plate 07 along its axial direction, and the air hole can conduct the airflow on one axial side of the thrust plate 07 to the other axial side thereof, and the first thrust bearing 0501 is located between the thrust plate 07 and the first radial bearing 08. The present invention also allows the gas entering the first bearing cavity to cool the first thrust bearing through the second gap between the first thrust bearing and the thrust plate. The third gap between the second thrust bearing and the thrust plate allows the gas entering the first bearing cavity to cool the second thrust bearing and the thrust plate through the third gap. The fourth gap can cool the first thrust bearing while also conducting the cooling gas to the first radial bearing. The air holes can conduct the gas that has cooled the second thrust bearing through the thrust plate to the first thrust bearing, thereby completing the effective conduction of the cooling gas and achieving the effects of gas cooling and gas transmission.

[0078] In some embodiments, a shaft sleeve 11 is further included. A portion of the shaft sleeve 11 is sleeved around the outer circumference of the rotating shaft 09 and is located on a shaft portion opposite the second radial bearing 15. The second radial bearing 15 is located on the outer circumference of the shaft sleeve 11. A sixth gap is defined along the axial direction between the second radial bearing 15 and the shaft sleeve 11, or within the interior of the second radial bearing 15. The sixth gap is capable of conducting gas in the second bearing cavity q2 to the intake port 201 of the compressor portion 200. The present invention also utilizes the provision of the shaft sleeve to allow the second radial bearing to be sleeved around its outer circumference. The sixth gap formed between the outer circumference of the shaft sleeve and the inner circumference of the second radial bearing effectively conducts gas to the intake port of the compressor portion, thereby cooling the second radial bearing and effectively transferring the cooling gas.

[0079] In some embodiments, the fan housing 14 and the connecting cavity 26 are further included. The second bearing cavity q2 and the connecting cavity 26 are both disposed within the fan housing 14, and the connecting cavity 26 is located on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 09. One axial end of the connecting cavity 26 communicates with the second bearing cavity q2 via the sixth gap, and the other axial end communicates with the intake port of the compressor portion 200. The fan housing provided in the present invention can form a second bearing cavity therein, thereby supporting one end of the rotating shaft thereon. The connecting cavity can direct the gas in the sixth gap to the intake port of the compressor, allowing the cooling fluid to ultimately be introduced into the compressor intake port and participate in the air circulation of the air conditioning assembly, thereby avoiding waste of high-pressure airflow and achieving energy conservation.

[0080] In some embodiments, the fan base 14 is provided with a third sealing structure 13, the rotating shaft 09 is assembled on the fan base 14 via the second radial bearing 15, and the second bearing cavity q2 is located within the space enclosed by the fan base 14, the rotating shaft 09, the third sealing structure 13, and the shaft sleeve 11. The present invention utilizes the third sealing structure to seal the second bearing cavity, which is formed within the space enclosed by the shaft sleeve, the third sealing structure, and the fan base.

[0081] In some embodiments, one end of the sleeve 11 extends to a position covering the third cooling channel 0903, and a sleeve hole 1101 is formed on the sleeve 11 at a position opposite the third cooling channel 0903. The sleeve hole 1101 can conduct the gas in the third cooling channel 0903 to the second bearing cavity q2. The other end of the sleeve 11 extends into the interior of the compressor portion 200. The present invention also utilizes the extended structure of the sleeve to transmit cooling gas. The sleeve hole can guide the gas in the third cooling channel 0903 to the second bearing cavity. The other end extends into the interior of the compressor, thereby conducting the gas to the compressor intake.

[0082] In some embodiments, the expansion housing 01 of the expander portion 100 is further provided with a second air inlet channel 0101, the expansion housing 01 is further provided with an air guide portion 02, the air guide portion 02 is provided with a third air inlet channel 0201, one end of the first air inlet pipeline 03 is connected to one end of the third air inlet channel 0201, the other end of the third air inlet channel 0201 is connected to one end of the second air inlet channel 0101, and the other end of the second air inlet channel 0101 is connected to the expansion chamber of the expander portion. The present invention, through the provision of the second air inlet channel, the air guide portion, and the third air inlet channel, can effectively guide the cooling gas in the expansion chamber to the first bearing chamber to cool the bearing, and the cooling gas is transferred through the cooling channel inside the rotating shaft to achieve the effect of cooling the bearing in the second bearing chamber.

[0083] In some embodiments, the first radial bearing 08 and the second radial bearing 15 are radial pneumatic bearings; and / or the first thrust bearing 0501 and the second thrust bearing 0502 are thrust pneumatic bearings. This is a preferred structural form of the radial bearing and the thrust bearing of the present invention.

[0084] In some embodiments, there are multiple air holes 0701 , and the multiple air holes 0701 are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the thrust plate 07 . The number of the air holes 0701 is 2 to 12.

[0085] In some embodiments, the thrust plate 07 includes a first cylindrical segment, a second cylindrical segment, and an inner cylindrical surface 0702. The first cylindrical segment is sandwiched between the first thrust bearing 0501 and the second thrust bearing 0502. One axial end of the second cylindrical segment is connected to the first cylindrical segment. The inner circumferential surfaces of the first cylindrical segment and the second cylindrical segment are an integral structure, namely, the inner cylindrical surface. The thrust plate 07 is integrally sleeved on the rotating shaft 09 through the inner cylindrical surface.

[0086] The outer circumferential surface of the shaft section of the rotating shaft 09 opposite the first cylindrical section is a second axial surface 0906. The outer diameter of the second axial surface 0906 is d2, and the second axial surface has an interference fit with the inner cylindrical surface 0702 of the thrust plate 07. The inner diameter of the inner cylindrical surface 0702 is d4. The outer circumferential surface of the shaft section of the rotating shaft 09 opposite the first sealing structure 06 is a third axial surface 0907. The outer diameter of the third axial surface 0907 is d3, and the relationship d2>d4>d3 is satisfied. The relationship d2>d4>d3 allows the third axial surface to effectively provide clearance during assembly, achieving an interference fit between the second axial surface and the inner cylindrical surface, thereby ensuring the bonding strength between the thrust plate and the rotating shaft.

[0087] The thrust plate 07 of the present invention is assembled with the rotating shaft 09. The second axial surface 0906 forms an interference fit with the thrust plate's inner cylindrical surface 0702, while the third axial surface 0907 gives way to the thrust plate's inner cylindrical surface 0702. Specifically, the diameter d2 of the second axial surface 0906 is greater than the diameter d4 of the thrust plate's inner cylindrical surface 0702, which is greater than the diameter d3 of the third axial surface 0907. The width of the second axial surface 0906 is w1, and the width of the thrust plate's inner cylindrical surface 0702 is w2, with 0.2 ≤ w1 / w2 ≤ 1. This is because if the w1 / w2 ratio is too small, the assembly engagement between the thrust plate 07 and the rotating shaft 09 is insufficient, and the two shafts are prone to relative looseness. If the w1 / w2 ratio is too large, the thrust plate 07 may become stuck during assembly and disassembly. The thrust plate positioning surface 0703 is in contact with the shaft positioning surface 0905 to achieve axial positioning of the thrust plate 07 on the rotating shaft 09 .

[0088] In some embodiments, the axial width of the second axial surface 0906 is w1, the axial width of the inner cylindrical surface 0702 is w2, and 0.2≤w1 / w2≤1. By ensuring 0.2≤w1 / w2≤1, the present invention can effectively increase and ensure the assembly bonding force between the thrust plate and the rotating shaft while also effectively preventing the problem of jamming during assembly and disassembly, ensuring effective assembly.

[0089] In some embodiments, the second cylindrical section of the thrust plate 07 also includes an outer cylindrical surface 0704, which cooperates with the first sealing structure 06. A groove 0705 is also provided on the outer cylindrical surface 0704, and the depth of the groove 0705 in the radial direction is h, h ≥ 0.5 mm, and the width of the groove 0705 in the axial direction is w3, w3 ≥ 1 mm.

[0090] The thrust plate 07 of the present invention is provided with an outer cylindrical surface 0704 , which cooperates with the first sealing structure 06 to achieve dynamic sealing and reduce leakage between the outer cylindrical surface 0704 and the first sealing structure 06 .

[0091] A groove 0705 is provided on the outer cylindrical surface 0704. When the thrust plate needs to be removed for repair, the disassembly fixture can grip the groove 0705, providing an effective force point while preventing damage to other surfaces of the thrust plate. The depth h of the groove 0705 is no less than 0.5 mm, and the width w3 of the groove 0705 is no less than 1 mm. This effectively ensures that the clamping tool can bear sufficient force and effectively remove the thrust plate.

[0092] In some embodiments, the aperture of the first cooling channel 0901 is D1, the aperture of the second cooling channel 0902 is D2, the aperture of the third cooling channel 0903 is D3, the outer peripheral surface of the shaft segment of the rotating shaft 09 opposite to the first radial bearing 08 is the first shaft surface 0904, and the outer diameter of the first shaft surface is D4, the end surface of the rotating shaft 09 connected to the thrust plate 07 is the shaft locating surface 0905, and the axial distance between the cross-section AA at the position of the first cooling channel 0901 and the shaft locating surface 0905 is L1, the axial distance between the cross-section BB at the position of the third cooling channel 0903 and the shaft locating surface 0905 is L2, and D3≥D1, and the aperture ratio D1 / D4=0.05~0.2, and the aperture ratio D3 / D4=0.2~0.5.

[0093] like Figure 4 The rotor shaft used for pneumatic bearing cooling includes the following geometric features: shaft hole (first cooling channel 0901), shaft inner hole (second cooling channel 0902), shaft hole (third cooling channel 0903), first shaft surface 0904, and shaft locating surface 0905.

[0094] The rotor shaft includes the following dimensional parameters: diameter D1 (mm) of the first cooling channel 0901, diameter D2 (mm) of the second cooling channel 0902, diameter D3 (mm) of the third cooling channel 0903, diameter D4 (mm) of the first shaft surface 0904, distance L1 from the cross section AA of the first cooling channel 0901 to the shaft locating surface 0905, and distance L2 from the cross section BB of the third cooling channel 0903 to the shaft locating surface 0905.

[0095] The first cooling channel 0901 and the third cooling channel 0903 are perpendicular to the rotating shaft and are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction. The number of holes is 2 to 12. Too many holes will weaken the strength of the shaft, and too few holes will make it difficult to ensure the flow area. The preferred number of holes is 8. Considering the volume expansion of the gas after heating, to ensure the smooth flow of the cooling fluid, D3 ≥ D1. Taking into account the strength of the rotor shaft and the flow loss of the cooling fluid, the aperture ratio D1 / D4 = 0.05 to 0.2, and the aperture ratio D3 / D4 = 0.05 to 0.2; taking into account the processing economy, D1 / D4 = D3 / D4 = 0.1 is preferred; a small aperture ratio will increase the strength of the rotor shaft, but the flow loss of the cooling fluid will be large; a large aperture ratio will reduce the flow loss of the cooling fluid, but the strength of the rotor shaft will be low. Taking into account the stiffness of the rotor shaft and the flow loss of the cooling fluid, the aperture ratio D3 / D4 = 0.2~0.5, preferably D3 / D4 = 0.34; when the aperture ratio is small, the stiffness of the rotor shaft is high, but the flow loss of the cooling fluid is large; when the aperture ratio is large, the flow loss of the cooling fluid is small, but the stiffness of the rotor shaft is low.

[0096] In some embodiments, L1 / D4=1.1-1.8, L2 / D4=6.5-7.5.

[0097] To support rotor system Z01, the position of the aerodynamic radial bearings (first radial bearing 08 and second radial bearing 15) relative to shaft locating surface 0905 is fixed. To prevent the first cooling channel 0901 from damaging the effective bearing surface of the first radial bearing 08 (first shaft surface 0904), the distance L1 from the cross-section AA of the first cooling channel 0901 to the shaft locating surface 0905 cannot be too small. Considering the compactness of the air cycle machine structure, L1 cannot be too large (low rigidity, large deflection, and low speed). Considering the parameter L1 / D4 = 1.1 to 1.8, preferably 1.5. To prevent the third cooling channel 0903 from damaging the effective bearing surface of the second radial bearing 15, the distance L2 from the cross-section BB of the third cooling channel 0903 to the shaft locating surface 0905 cannot be too small. Considering the compactness of the air cycle machine structure, L2 cannot be too large. Considering the parameter L2 / D4 = 6.5 to 7.5, preferably 7.0.

[0098] In some embodiments, the first cooling channel 0901 extends along the radial direction of the rotating shaft 09, and the third cooling channel 0903 extends along the radial direction of the rotating shaft 09; and / or, there are multiple first cooling channels 0901, and the multiple first cooling channels 0901 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 09, and there are multiple third cooling channels 0903, and the multiple third cooling channels 0903 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 09.

[0099] In some embodiments, when there are multiple first cooling channels 0901 and multiple third cooling channels 0903, the number of the first cooling channels 0901 is 2 to 12, and the number of the third cooling channels 0903 is 2 to 12.

[0100] It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that, under the premise of no conflict, the above-mentioned advantageous methods can be freely combined and superimposed.

[0101] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and variations without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and such improvements and variations shall also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An air cycle machine, characterized in that: include: An expander part (100), a compressor part (200), a fan part (300) and a rotating shaft (09), wherein the rotating shaft (09) passes through the expander part (100), the compressor part (200) and the fan part (300); the air cycle machine further comprises a first radial bearing (08), a second radial bearing (15), a first thrust bearing (0501) and a second thrust bearing (0502), a first air bleed pipe (03) and an air intake channel (0401), wherein the rotating shaft (09) is supported by the first radial bearing (08), the second radial bearing (15), the first thrust bearing (0501) and the second thrust bearing (0502), wherein the first radial bearing (08), the first thrust bearing (0501) and the second thrust bearing (0502) are all arranged in a first bearing cavity (q1), and the second radial bearing (15) is arranged in a second bearing cavity (q2); One end of the first air bleed pipe (03) can introduce gas from the expansion chamber of the expander part (100), and the other end is connected to one end of the air inlet channel (0401), and the other end of the air inlet channel (0401) is connected to the first bearing chamber (q1) for conveying cooling air for cooling the first radial bearing (08), the first thrust bearing (0501) and the second thrust bearing (0502). A cooling channel is provided inside the rotating shaft (09), and the cooling channel can conduct the gas in the first bearing chamber (q1) to the second bearing chamber (q2) for conveying cooling air for cooling the second radial bearing (15); and the gas after passing through the second radial bearing (15) can be conducted to the air intake (201) of the compressor part (200); At least a partial structure of a thrust plate (07) is also provided between the first thrust bearing (0501) and the second thrust bearing (0502); one end of the air inlet passage (0401) is opposite to the thrust plate (07); and an air hole (0701) is provided on the thrust plate (07) along its axial direction. The minimum distance between the edge of the air hole (0701) and the rotating shaft (09) is e, and the aperture of the air hole (0701) is d5; The outer peripheral surface of the shaft section of the rotating shaft (09) opposite to the first radial bearing (08) is a first axial surface (0904), and the outer diameter of the first axial surface (0904) is d1, and e≥d1 / 2, and the aperture ratio d5 / d1=0.04~0.

12.

2. The air cycle machine according to claim 1, wherein: The cooling channel comprises a first cooling channel (0901), a second cooling channel (0902) and a third cooling channel (0903), one end of the first cooling channel (0901) is connected to the first bearing cavity (q1), and the other end is connected to the second cooling channel (0902), the second cooling channel (0902) extends along the axial direction of the rotating shaft (09), and one end of the third cooling channel (0903) is connected to one end of the second cooling channel (0902), and the other end is connected to the second bearing cavity (q2).

3. The air cycle machine according to claim 1, wherein: The invention comprises a bearing seat (04), wherein the first bearing cavity (q1) is arranged inside the bearing seat (04), and the air inlet passage (0401) is opened on the bearing seat (04); a first sealing structure (06) and a second sealing structure (10) are provided in the bearing seat (04), and the rotating shaft (09) is assembled on the bearing seat (04) through the first radial bearing (08), the first thrust bearing (0501) and the second thrust bearing (0502), and the first bearing cavity (q1) is located in a cavity surrounded by the bearing seat (04), the rotating shaft (09), the first sealing structure (06) and the second sealing structure (10).

4. The air cycle machine according to claim 2, wherein: The cooling gas enters the first bearing cavity (q1) from the air inlet channel (0401) and cools the first thrust bearing (0501) and the second thrust bearing (0502) respectively, and then reaches the first radial bearing (08) and cools it; and then enters the second cooling channel (0902) inside the rotating shaft (09) through the first cooling channel (0901).

5. The air cycle machine according to claim 4, wherein: The cooling gas enters the second cooling channel (0902) and then passes through the third cooling channel (0903) into the second bearing cavity (q2) to cool the second radial bearing (15).

6. The air cycle machine according to claim 4, wherein: A first gap is provided between the first radial bearing (08) and the rotating shaft (09) or on the first radial bearing (08) along its axial direction, and the first gap can conduct the airflow on one axial side of the first radial bearing (08) to the other axial side thereof.

7. The air cycle machine according to claim 6, wherein: A second gap is provided between the first thrust bearing (0501) and the thrust plate (07), a third gap is provided between the second thrust bearing (0502) and the thrust plate (07), a fourth gap is provided between the first thrust bearing (0501) and the rotating shaft (09) or on the first thrust bearing (0501) along its axial direction, the air hole can conduct the airflow on one axial side of the thrust plate (07) to the other axial side thereof, and the first thrust bearing (0501) is located between the thrust plate (07) and the first radial bearing (08).

8. The air cycle machine according to claim 6, wherein: It also includes a sleeve (11), a portion of which is sleeved on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft (09) and is opposite to the second radial bearing (15), the second radial bearing (15) is located on the outer periphery of the sleeve (11), and a sixth gap is provided between the second radial bearing (15) and the sleeve (11) or inside the second radial bearing (15) along its axial direction, and the sixth gap can conduct the gas in the second bearing cavity (q2) to the intake port of the compressor part (200).

9. The air cycle machine according to claim 8, wherein: The invention also includes a fan base (14) and a connecting cavity (26), wherein the second bearing cavity (q2) and the connecting cavity (26) are both arranged in the fan base (14), and the connecting cavity (26) is located on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft (09), and one axial end of the connecting cavity (26) is connected to the second bearing cavity (q2) through the sixth gap, and the other axial end is connected to the air intake of the compressor part (200).

10. The air cycle machine according to claim 9, wherein: A third sealing structure (13) is provided on the fan base (14), the rotating shaft (09) is assembled on the fan base (14) through the second radial bearing (15), and the second bearing cavity (q2) is located in a space enclosed by the fan base (14), the rotating shaft (09), the third sealing structure (13) and the shaft sleeve (11).

11. The air cycle machine according to claim 8, wherein One end portion of the shaft sleeve (11) extends to a position covering the third cooling channel (0903), and a shaft sleeve hole (1101) is provided on the shaft sleeve (11) at a position opposite to the third cooling channel (0903), and the shaft sleeve hole (1101) can conduct the gas in the third cooling channel (0903) to the second bearing cavity (q2), and the other end portion of the shaft sleeve (11) extends to the interior of the compressor part (200).

12. The air cycle machine according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The expansion shell (01) of the expander part (100) is further provided with a second air inlet channel (0101), the expansion shell (01) is further provided with an air guide portion (02), the air guide portion (02) is provided with a third air inlet channel (0201), one end of the first air inlet pipeline (03) is communicated with one end of the third air inlet channel (0201), the other end of the third air inlet channel (0201) is communicated with one end of the second air inlet channel (0101), and the other end of the second air inlet channel (0101) is communicated with the expansion chamber of the expander part.

13. The air cycle machine according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The first radial bearing (08) and the second radial bearing (15) are radial pneumatic bearings; and / or the first thrust bearing (0501) and the second thrust bearing (0502) are thrust pneumatic bearings.

14. The air cycle machine according to claim 1, wherein There are a plurality of air holes (0701), and the plurality of air holes (0701) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the thrust plate (07).

15. The air cycle machine according to claim 3, wherein The thrust plate (07) comprises a first cylindrical section, a second cylindrical section and an inner cylindrical surface (0702), wherein the first cylindrical section is sandwiched between the first thrust bearing (0501) and the second thrust bearing (0502), an axial end of the second cylindrical section is connected to the first cylindrical section, and the inner circumferential surfaces of the first cylindrical section and the second cylindrical section are an integral structure, namely the inner cylindrical surface, through which the thrust plate (07) is integrally sleeved on the rotating shaft (09). The outer peripheral surface of the shaft section of the rotating shaft (09) opposite to the first cylindrical section is a second shaft surface (0906), the outer diameter of the second shaft surface (0906) is d2, and the second shaft surface is interference fit with the inner cylindrical surface (0702) of the thrust plate (07), the inner diameter of the inner cylindrical surface (0702) is d4, the outer peripheral surface of the shaft section of the rotating shaft (09) opposite to the first sealing structure (06) is a third shaft surface (0907), the outer diameter of the third shaft surface (0907) is d3, and d2>d4>d3.

16. The air cycle machine according to claim 15, wherein: The axial width of the second axial surface (0906) is w1, the axial width of the inner cylindrical surface (0702) is w2, and 0.2≤w1 / w2≤1.

17. The air cycle machine according to claim 15, wherein: The second cylindrical section of the thrust plate (07) further includes an outer cylindrical surface (0704), the outer cylindrical surface (0704) cooperates with the first sealing structure (06), and a groove (0705) is further provided on the outer cylindrical surface (0704), the depth of the groove (0705) in the radial direction is h, h≥0.5mm, and the width of the groove (0705) in the axial direction is w3, w3≥1mm.

18. The air cycle machine according to claim 4, wherein: The aperture of the first cooling channel (0901) is D1, the aperture of the second cooling channel (0902) is D2, the aperture of the third cooling channel (0903) is D3, the end face of the rotating shaft (09) connected to the thrust plate (07) is the shaft positioning surface (0905), and the axial distance between the cross section AA at the position of the first cooling channel (0901) and the shaft positioning surface (0905) is L1, the axial distance between the cross section BB at the position of the third cooling channel (0903) and the shaft positioning surface (0905) is L2, and D3≥D1, and the aperture ratio D1 / D4=0.05~0.2, and the aperture ratio D3 / D4=0.2~0.

5.

19. The air cycle machine according to claim 18, wherein L1 / D4=1.1~1.8, L2 / D4=6.5~7.

5.

20. The air cycle machine according to claim 2, wherein: The first cooling channel (0901) extends in the radial direction of the rotating shaft (09), and the third cooling channel (0903) extends in the radial direction of the rotating shaft (09); and / or, there are multiple first cooling channels (0901), and the multiple first cooling channels (0901) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft (09), and there are multiple third cooling channels (0903), and the multiple third cooling channels (0903) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft (09).

21. The air cycle machine according to claim 20, wherein: When there are multiple first cooling channels (0901) and multiple third cooling channels (0903), the number of the first cooling channels (0901) is 2 to 12, and the number of the third cooling channels (0903) is 2 to 12.

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