A power generation system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of waste treatment, and discloses a power generation system, which includes a waste incineration system, a distributed energy system and a biomass treatment system. The waste incineration system includes a flue gas and air system, an incinerator and a flue gas treatment device connected in sequence. The flue gas and air system includes a preheater, an air duct and a first flue gas heat exchanger connected in sequence, and the first flue gas heat exchanger is connected to the incinerator; one end of the distributed energy system is connected to the air duct, and the other end is connected to the flue gas treatment device, and is used to heat the primary air output by the preheater; the biomass treatment system is connected to the distributed energy system and provides energy for the distributed energy system. The present invention can heat the primary air output by the preheater, reduce the energy consumption of the air preheater, save high-quality steam, and increase the power generation of the waste incineration system; by using the biomass treatment system, biomass in the environment can be collected and utilized, and greenhouse gas emissions can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of waste treatment, and particularly to a power generation system. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the primary air of the waste incinerator in the power generation system is heated to a certain temperature by a preheater and enters the boiler as combustion-supporting air. The heat source of the preheater mainly comes from the saturated steam or superheated steam in the boiler. The preheater needs to consume a large amount of high-quality steam heat energy, thereby reducing the power generation of the whole plant.

[0003] At the same time, biomass resources such as straw belong to clean fuels and are resources with a very large quantity value among renewable resources. However, there are disadvantages such as too scattered biomass resources, low energy density, and inconvenient storage, which seriously restrict the large-scale application of biomass energy. Moreover, the random discarding and burning of biomass such as straw cause environmental pollution and energy waste. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a power generation system that can make full use of biomass energy and improve power generation.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a power generation system, including

[0006] A waste incineration system, which includes a flue gas and air system, an incinerator, and a flue gas treatment device connected in sequence. The flue gas and air system includes a preheater, an air duct, and a first flue gas heat exchanger connected in sequence. The first flue gas heat exchanger is connected to the incinerator;

[0007] A distributed energy system, one end of which is connected to the air duct, and the other end is connected to the flue gas treatment device, for heating the primary air output by the preheater; and

[0008] A biomass treatment system, which is connected to the distributed energy system and provides energy for the distributed energy system.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present application, the distributed energy system includes a generator set and a second flue gas heat exchanger. One end of the generator set is connected to the biomass treatment system, and the other end is connected to one end of the second flue gas heat exchanger; the other end of the second flue gas heat exchanger is connected to the flue gas treatment device.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, the generator set and the second flue gas heat exchanger are connected through a flue gas and air pipeline, and the flue gas and air pipeline is connected to the air duct.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present application, the distributed energy system further includes a waste heat recovery device. One end of the waste heat recovery device is connected to the waste power plant, and the other end is connected to the second flue gas heat exchanger.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, the power generation system further includes an energy supply system connected to the distributed energy system and used to supply energy to the office building of the waste power plant.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present application, the energy supply system includes a flue gas hot water type absorption chiller for supplying energy to the office building of the waste power plant.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, the biomass treatment system includes a feeding device, a gasifier device, and a purification and refining device connected in sequence. One end of the purification and refining device is connected to the distributed energy system.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the power generation system according to the embodiment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: By connecting the distributed energy system to the first flue gas heat exchanger, the primary air output from the preheater can be heated, reducing the energy consumption of the air preheater, saving high-quality steam, and increasing the power generation of the power generation system. At the same time, by connecting the distributed energy system to the biomass treatment system, the gas generated by the biomass treatment system can be processed, increasing the power generation of the power generation system. By using the biomass treatment system, biomass in the environment can be collected and utilized, providing clean energy for the power generation system and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a structural block diagram of a power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure, 1. Waste incineration system; 11. Flue gas and air system; 11a. Preheater; 11b. Air duct; 11c. First flue gas heat exchanger; 12. Incinerator; 13. Flue gas treatment device;

[0019] 2. Distributed energy system; 21. Generator set; 22. Second flue gas heat exchanger; 23. Waste heat recovery device;

[0020] 3. Biomass treatment system; 31. Feeding device; 32. Gasifier device; 33. Purification and refining device;

[0021] 4. Energy supply system; 41. Flue gas hot water type absorption chiller;

[0022] 5. Waste power plant. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0023] The following will further describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0024] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a power generation system, including a waste incineration system 1, a distributed energy system 2, and a biomass treatment system 3, that is, a waste incineration power generation and biomass power generation integrated system is provided.

[0025] It should be noted that the basic principle of waste incineration power generation is to incinerate waste at high temperature, convert the generated heat energy into high-temperature steam, drive the steam turbine to rotate, and make the generator generate electric energy. At the same time, China's biomass resources are very rich, such as biomass fuels like straws and fruit tree branches, and the biomass power generation market is huge; the basic principle of biomass power generation is to incinerate biomass at high temperature, convert the generated heat energy into high-temperature steam, drive the steam turbine to rotate, and make the generator generate electric energy. However, the disadvantages of biomass resources being relatively scattered, having a low energy density, and being inconvenient to store result in unstable power generation and grid connection when biomass energy is used alone, seriously restricting its large-scale application.

[0026] Currently, there are more and more integrated projects of waste incineration power generation and biomass power generation. However, in existing integrated projects, the biomass power generation system and the waste incineration power generation system operate independently. The biomass power generation uses a separate set of systems, and the waste incineration power generation uses another separate set of systems. Therefore, existing integrated projects are only integrated in project construction, but do not achieve true integration.

[0027] To address the above problems, the waste incineration system 1 provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a flue gas and air system 11, an incinerator 12, and a flue gas treatment device 13 connected in sequence. The flue gas and air system 11 includes a preheater 11a, an air duct 11b, and a first flue gas heat exchanger 11c connected in sequence. The first flue gas heat exchanger 11c is connected to the incinerator 12; one end of the distributed energy system 2 is connected to the air duct 11b, and the other end is connected to the flue gas treatment device 13, and is used to heat the primary air output by the preheater 11a; the biomass treatment system 3 is connected to the distributed energy system 2 to provide energy for the distributed energy system 2.

[0028] In the prior art, a preheater 11a is usually provided at the tail of the flue gas and air system 11 of the waste incineration system 1, so that the flue gas in the flue gas and air system 11 passes through the preheater 11a to preheat the air entering the incinerator 12 to about 230°C as combustion-supporting air, thereby accelerating the drying and combustion of the fuel, ensuring stable combustion in the incinerator 12, and improving the heat exchange performance of the waste incineration system 1. The preheater 11a mostly uses a steam preheater, and the heat source of the steam preheater mainly comes from the saturated steam or superheated steam in the incinerator 12. Thus, the long-term continuous operation of the steam preheater will consume more high-quality steam heat energy, causing greater energy loss and reducing the power generation of the waste incineration power generation system.

[0029] In order to achieve true integration of waste incineration power generation and biomass power generation, and at the same time reduce the energy consumption of the preheater 11a, the present invention connects the distributed energy system 2 with the first flue gas heat exchanger 11c. The high-temperature flue gas generated by the distributed energy system 2 is introduced into the air duct 11b, which can preheat the air in the air duct 11b by the preheater, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the preheater 11a, saving high-quality steam, and increasing the power generation of the waste incineration power generation system. Based on the above structure, the embodiment of the present invention cleverly utilizes the high-temperature flue gas generated by the distributed energy system 2 to preheat the air entering the incinerator 12.

[0030] It can be understood that biomass is a clean fuel. Most of the carbon in biomass is fixed in the form of biochar during further conversion and utilization, and part of the carbon is released back into the atmosphere in the form of carbon dioxide after utilization. The exhaust gas generated significantly reduces the emissions of carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide. Therefore, it can be directly connected to the flue gas and air system 11 of the waste incineration system 1. Preferably, the high-temperature flue gas generated by the distributed energy system 2 can be used in combination with the preheater 11a to provide preheating for the flue gas and air system 11 of the waste incineration system 1. On the one hand, it provides combustion-supporting air with a certain temperature for the incinerator 12 of the waste incineration system 1. On the other hand, it effectively utilizes the high-temperature flue gas generated by the distributed energy system 2, reduces the consumption of high-quality steam heat energy by the preheater 11a, and enables more high-quality steam to be provided to the waste incineration system 1 to increase power generation.

[0031] At the same time, the distributed energy system 2 is connected to the biomass treatment system 3, which can process the gas generated by the biomass treatment system 3 and increase the power generation of the power generation system. By using the biomass treatment system 3, biomass in the environment can be collected and utilized, providing clean energy for the waste incineration power generation system and reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

[0032] Specifically, the biomass treatment system 3 includes a feeding device 31, a gasifier device 32, and a purification and refining device 33 connected in sequence. One end of the purification and refining device 33 is connected to the distributed energy system 2. The feeding device 31 feeds biomass into the gasifier device 32. The biomass undergoes a thermochemical reaction in the gasifier device 32 to obtain raw gas. The raw gas enters the purification and refining device 33, and after purification and refining, it forms clean gas and is supplied to the distributed energy system 2. Preferably, the biomass treatment system 3 further includes a collection device, which processes biomass raw materials nearby, solves the problems of dispersed biomass distribution, low energy density, and difficult transportation and utilization, and provides biomass raw materials for the biomass treatment system 3.

[0033] In some other preferred embodiments, the distributed energy system 2 includes a generating set 21 and a second flue gas heat exchanger 22. One end of the generating set 21 is connected to the biomass treatment system 3. Specifically, one end of the generating set 21 is connected to the purification and upgrading device 33. Thus, the clean gas formed after being purified and upgraded by the purification and upgrading device 33 enters the generating set 21. The clean gas burns inside the generating set 21, and the heat energy released by it is directly converted into power to drive the generator to supply power. Further preferably, the generating set 21 includes an internal combustion engine, a gas turbine or an external combustion engine.

[0034] In addition, the other end of the generating set 21 is connected to one end of the second flue gas heat exchanger 22; the other end of the second flue gas heat exchanger 22 is connected to the flue gas treatment device 13. Further, the generating set 21 and the second flue gas heat exchanger 22 are connected through a flue gas duct 11b, and the flue gas duct 11b is connected to the air duct 11b.

[0035] The high-temperature flue gas generated by the above-mentioned distributed energy system 2 is connected to the air duct 11b. Specifically, the high-temperature flue gas generated by the generating set 21 is connected to the air duct 11b in the flue gas and air system 11 of the waste incineration system 1 to preheat the primary air, reduce the energy consumption of the preheater 11a, and achieve energy conservation and efficiency improvement of the waste incineration power generation system.

[0036] Furthermore, the other end of the second flue gas heat exchanger 22 is connected to the flue gas treatment device 13, and the tail gas is discharged after being purified up to the standard. It should be noted that most of the flue gas generated by the biomass power generation system is transported to the flue gas and air system 11 of the waste incineration system 1, and the remaining tail gas can be directly connected to the flue gas treatment device 13 of the waste incineration system 1 for collaborative treatment. By using the existing flue gas treatment device 13 of the waste power plant, no additional development cost needs to be invested, the economic benefit of the distributed energy system is improved, the biomass power generation system is increased, the carbon emission per unit power generation and the emission of pollutants are reduced, and significant environmental benefits are generated.

[0037] In some preferred embodiments, the waste incineration power generation system further includes an energy supply system 4 connected to the distributed energy system 2 and used to supply energy to the office building of the waste power plant 5. Further, the energy supply system 4 includes a flue gas and hot water type absorption chiller 41 for supplying energy to the office building of the waste power plant 5. The flue gas and hot water type absorption chiller 41 uses flue gas as the driving energy to generate chilled water, and at the same time uses the cooling heat release of the absorption chiller to generate hot water for domestic hot water or heating. The energy supply system 4 provides in-plant self-use power for the waste power plant 5, and meets the cooling, heating and power demands required by the factory building office building, etc.

[0038] In some other preferred embodiments, the distributed energy system 2 further includes a waste heat recovery device 23. One end of the waste heat recovery device 23 is connected to the waste incineration power plant 5 to collect the low-quality steam of the waste incineration power plant 5, and the other end is connected to the energy supply system 4. In this embodiment, by adding the waste heat recovery device 23, the low-pressure steam generated by the waste incineration power plant 5 is transported to the heating and heating equipment in the plant area of the waste incineration power plant 5 to provide heating, heat supply and domestic hot water for the plant area, thereby realizing the effective utilization of the low-quality steam of the waste incineration power plant 5.

[0039] In summary, the embodiment of the present invention provides a power generation system. By connecting the distributed energy system 2 with the first flue gas heat exchanger 11c, it can heat the primary air output by the preheater 11a, reduce the energy consumption of the air preheater, save high-quality steam, and increase the power generation of the waste incineration power generation system. At the same time, the distributed energy system 2 is connected to the biomass treatment system 3, which can process the gas generated by the biomass treatment system 3 and improve the power generation of the power generation system.

[0040] The energy supply system 4 is used to provide self-use electricity for the waste incineration power plant 5 and meet the cooling, heating and electricity demands of the plant office building, etc. The feeding device 31 of the biomass system is used to collect biomass raw materials nearby to solve the problems of decentralized biomass distribution, low energy density and difficult transportation and utilization. The biomass is sent into the gasifier, and the gas generated during the production process is purified and then input into the generator set 21 for power generation. The biomass in the environment is collected and utilized to provide clean energy for the waste incineration power generation system and reduce the emission of greenhouse gases.

[0041] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, several improvements and substitutions can be made, and these improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power generation system, characterized in that: including a waste incineration system, which includes a flue gas and air system, an incinerator, and a flue gas treatment device connected in sequence. The flue gas and air system includes a preheater, an air duct, and a first flue gas heat exchanger connected in sequence. The first flue gas heat exchanger is connected to the incinerator; a distributed energy system and a biomass treatment system. The distributed energy system includes a generator set and a second flue gas heat exchanger. One end of the generator set is connected to the biomass treatment system, and the other end is connected to one end of the second flue gas heat exchanger. The other end of the second flue gas heat exchanger is connected to the flue gas treatment device. One end of the generator set is also connected to the air duct for conveying the flue gas after power generation by the generator set to the air duct to heat the primary air output by the preheater. The biomass treatment system provides energy for the distributed energy system to drive the generator set to generate electricity; the energy source of the waste incineration system is waste; the energy source of the distributed energy system comes from the biomass treatment system, and the energy source of the biomass treatment system comes from biomass raw materials; the distributed energy system further includes a waste heat recovery device. One end of the waste heat recovery device is connected to the waste power plant, and the other end is connected to the second flue gas heat exchanger; the generator set and the second flue gas heat exchanger are connected through a flue gas and air pipeline; the generator set is connected to the air duct through a flue gas and air pipeline to convey the flue gas after power generation by the generator set to the air duct; the power generation system further includes a power supply system connected to the distributed energy system for providing energy for the office building of the waste power plant; the power supply system includes a flue gas hot water type absorption chiller for providing energy for the office building of the waste power plant; the biomass treatment system includes a feeding device, a gasification furnace device, and a purification and refining device connected in sequence. One end of the purification and refining device is connected to the distributed energy system. the feeding device is used for adding biomass raw materials; the gasification furnace device is used for gasifying biomass raw materials to generate gas; the purification and refining device is used for purifying the gas; providing energy for the distributed energy system to drive the generator set to generate electricity specifically includes: the gas is conveyed to the distributed energy system for combustion to drive the generator set to generate electricity. the flue gas after power generation by the generator set is specifically the flue gas generated after the gas burns in the generator set.

Images