Universal serial bus charging system and method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a universal serial bus (USB) charging system and method. The charging system includes a main power supply, a power supply controller, a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, a first interface, and a second interface. The power supply controller is coupled to the main power supply. The first end of the first switch is coupled to the main power supply. The control end of the first switch is coupled to the power supply controller. The first end of the second switch is coupled to the main power supply. The control end of the second switch is coupled to the power supply controller. The control end of the third switch is coupled to the power supply controller. The control end of the fourth switch is coupled to the power supply controller. The first interface is coupled to the second end of the first switch and the second end of the third switch. The second interface is coupled to the second end of the second switch and the second end of the fourth switch.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention provides a charging system and method, and more particularly relates to a charging system and method applied to a universal serial bus. Background Art

[0002] In the past, various mobile devices, such as laptops and cell phones, used different charging ports. This resulted in incompatible chargers across all brands, leading to waste and environmental issues as devices became obsolete. Consequently, the USB-IF (Universal Serial Bus Implementers Forum) has been actively promoting USB Power Delivery (PD) charging. Most notably, the MacBook and Zenbook all utilize the USB-PD protocol and USB Type-C charging. USB Power Delivery covers cell phones, digital cameras, mobile devices, external storage peripherals, laptops, monitors, and more, allowing a single cable for all charging and data transfer.

[0003] USB Power Delivery charging and power supply specifications include the most basic Profile 1 (providing 5V / 2A, 10W power), Profile 2 (providing 5V / 2A and 12V / 1.5A, 10-18W power), Profile 3 (providing 5V / 2A and 12V, 3A, 10-36W power), Profile 4 (providing 5V / 2A, 20V / 3A, 10-60W power), and the highest level Profile 5 (providing 5V / 2A, 20V / 5A, 10-100W power).

[0004] The USB-PD architecture defines a power provider and a power receiver, each with its own Super Speed ​​InterChip (SSIC) chip for data communication and additional power supply. It utilizes a 23.2MHz VBUS carrier frequency and transmits Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) signals at 300kbps, determining the actual voltage and current sent. The USB-PD 2.0 specification supports the new, non-directional Type-C connector and employs improved bidirectional communication over the bus to determine the voltage and current sent.

[0005] Although USB-PD has many advantages and the most comprehensive functions, manufacturers are reluctant to abandon the existing charging mechanism. Therefore, most applications on the market emphasize multi-port applications (USB Type-A, USB Type-C) and compatibility with various protocols, which will lead to various incompatibilities or malfunctions. In multi-port charging applications, after a non-standard USB-PD charging cable (for example, Apple Lightning) is inserted into the charging port, the system cannot determine whether it is unloaded. In existing multi-port charging technology, each charging port uses a complete set of power supply paths. The Type-C interface uses a PD chip, and the Type-A interface directly supplies power. The disadvantages are higher cost and the lack of a fast charging mechanism for the Type-A interface. Summary of the Invention

[0006] An embodiment provides a charging system. The charging system includes a main power supply, a power supply controller, a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, a first interface, and a second interface. The power supply controller includes a secondary power supply, a load detection circuit, a first power port coupled to the secondary power supply, and a second power port coupled to the secondary power supply. The first power port is used to provide a first detection current, and the second power port is used to provide a second detection current. The power supply controller is coupled to the main power supply, the first end of the first switch is coupled to the main power supply, the control end of the first switch is coupled to the power supply controller, the first end of the second switch is coupled to the main power supply, the control end of the second switch is coupled to the power supply controller, the first end of the third switch is coupled to the first power port, the control end of the third switch is coupled to the power supply controller, the first end of the fourth switch is coupled to the second power port, the control end of the fourth switch is coupled to the power supply controller, the first interface is coupled to the second end of the first switch and the second end of the third switch, and the second interface is coupled to the second end of the second switch and the second end of the fourth switch. The power supply controller is used to control the first switch, the second switch, the third switch, and the fourth switch, and to distribute the power transmitted to the first interface and the second interface. The load detection circuit is used to detect the changes in the first detection current and the second detection current to determine the connection status of the first interface and / or the second interface.

[0007] The embodiment also provides a charging method for a universal serial bus system. The universal serial bus charging system includes a main power supply, a power supply controller, a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, a first interface, and a second interface. The power supply controller includes a secondary power supply, a load detection circuit, a first power port coupled to the secondary power supply, and a second power port coupled to the secondary power supply. The first power port is used to provide a first detection current, and the second power port is used to provide a second detection current. The power supply controller is coupled to the main power supply, the first end of the first switch is coupled to the main power supply, the control end of the first switch is coupled to the power supply controller, the first end of the second switch is coupled to the main power supply, the control end of the second switch is coupled to the power supply controller, the first end of the third switch is coupled to the first power port, the control end of the third switch is coupled to the power supply controller, the first end of the fourth switch is coupled to the second power port, the control end of the fourth switch is coupled to the power supply controller, the first interface is coupled to the second end of the first switch and the second end of the third switch, and the second interface is coupled to the second end of the second switch and the second end of the fourth switch. The charging method includes: a power supply controller turns off a first switch and a second switch and turns on a third switch and a fourth switch, the secondary power supply provides a first detection current to the first interface and a second detection current to the second interface, when a load detection circuit detects that the first detection current is less than a no-connection threshold value, the power supply controller determines that no wire is connected to the first interface or that a first wire connected to the first interface is no-connection, the power supply controller keeps the first switch turned off and turns on the third switch, when the load detection circuit detects that the first detection current is greater than the no-connection threshold value, the load detection circuit determines that the first wire connected to the first interface is coupled to a first device to be charged, when the load detection circuit determines that the first wire is coupled to the first device to be charged, the power supply controller communicates with the first device to be charged to exchange multiple other power supply capability options, and selects one of the multiple other power supply capability options to determine a first output power size, and the power supply controller turns off the third switch, turns on the first switch, and controls the main power supply to provide the first output power to the first device to be charged. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0009] Figure 2A 、 2B and 2C is Figure 1 Flowchart of the coupling state of the charging system and the method of providing electric energy.

[0010] Figures 3A to 3D yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the current flow of the coupled state of the charging system.

[0011] Figure 4 for Figure 2ASteps S20 and S22 are a detailed flow chart of the method for the first device to be charged and the second device to be charged to communicate with the power supply controller.

[0012] Reference numerals:

[0013] 100: Charging system

[0014] 10: Main power supply

[0015] PD: Power Supply Controller

[0016] S1~S4: switch

[0017] R1, R2: current limiting device

[0018] P1, P2: Interface

[0019] 20: Secondary power supply

[0020] 30: Load detection circuit

[0021] 40,50: Secondary power port

[0022] 60,62: Wire

[0023] 70,72: Device to be charged

[0024] 200, 300, 400, 500: Method

[0025] S10~S574: Steps DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Figure 1The figure is a schematic diagram of a charging system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Charging system 100 includes a main power supply 10, a power controller PD, a first switch S1, a second switch S2, a third switch S3, a fourth switch S4, a first port P1, and a second port P2. The main power supply 10 receives power from an external power source Vsrc, which can be AC ​​mains power Vac or a DC power source Vdc from a battery pack in a power bank. The main power supply 10 can, for example, include a flyback converter. External power source Vsrc can be AC ​​power Vac. The main power supply 10 receives commands from the power controller PD to convert AC power Vac into DC power of varying voltages. However, the main power supply 10 according to the present invention is not limited to a flyback converter. As long as it includes a conversion device capable of DC power conversion, alternative converter technologies known to those skilled in the art are also encompassed within the scope of this embodiment and will not be further described here. The first port P1 can be selectively connected to a first device to be charged 70, and the second port P2 can be selectively connected to a second device to be charged 72. The first device to be charged 70 and the second device to be charged 72 can be, for example, a mobile phone, a laptop computer, or a tablet computer. The power controller PD includes a secondary power supply 20, a load detection circuit 30, a first power port 40, and a second power port 50. Both the first power port 40 and the second power port 50 are coupled to the secondary power supply 20. The secondary power supply 20 can provide a first detection current through the first power port 40, and a second detection current through the second power port 50. The power controller PD is coupled to the main power source 10. The first end of the first switch S1 and the first end of the second switch S2 are both coupled to the main power source 10. The first end of the third switch S3 is coupled to the primary power port 40, and the first end of the fourth switch S4 is coupled to the secondary power port 50. The control ends of the first switch S1, the second switch S2, the third switch S3, and the fourth switch S4 are each coupled to the power controller PD via a different path. The first port P1 is coupled to the second end of the first switch S1 and the second end of the third switch S3, and the second port P2 is coupled to the second end of the second switch S2 and the second end of the fourth switch S4. The charging system 100 may further include a first current limiting device R1 and a second current limiting device R2. The first current limiting device R1 may be coupled between the primary power port 40 and the third switch S3 to form part of the primary power path. The second current limiting device R2 may be coupled between the secondary power port 50 and the fourth switch S4 to form part of the secondary power path.

[0027] The power controller PD, such as a USB Power Delivery controller chip, can be used to control the first switch S1, the second switch S2, the third switch S3, and the fourth switch S4, and distribute the power transmitted to the first port P1 and the second port P2. The load detection circuit 30 is used to detect the first detection current and the change in the second detection current to determine the connection status of the first port P1 and / or the second port P2. Furthermore, in an embodiment, the first port P1 may be an interface that complies with the USB Power Delivery (PD) specification, and the second port P2 may be an interface that does not comply with the USB-PD specification. However, the charging system 100 of the present invention is not limited to including a first port P1 that complies with the USB-PD specification and a second port P2 that does not comply with the USB-PD specification. Any charging system that includes at least one first port P1 that complies with the USB-PD specification and at least one second port P2 that does not comply with the USB-PD specification, as is known to those skilled in the art, with an increased number of ports should also be included within the scope of this embodiment and will not be further described here.

[0028] Figure 2A A flowchart of a method 200 for determining the coupling status and power supply of the charging system 100 is provided. The method 200 includes the following steps:

[0029] S10: The power controller PD turns off the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 and turns on the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4. The secondary power supply 20 provides a first detection current to the first port P1 and a second detection current to the second port P2. The power controller PD has a power capability set. The power controller PD can set the main power supply 10 according to the power capability set. The power capability set includes multiple power capability options (Power Data Object, PDO). The multiple power capability options include a first power capability option (First Fixed Supply Object) and multiple other power capability options. The first power capability option allows the output power of the main power supply 10 to be a charging power that is acceptable by default for most devices to be charged (for example, 5V). The multiple other power capability options are different from the first power capability option. The multiple other power capability options allow the main power supply 10 to have different output power (for example, 3.3V, 9V, 15V...). If the first detection current changes from less than the idle threshold value to greater than the idle threshold value, step S14 is executed; if the second detection current changes from less than the idle threshold value to greater than the idle threshold value, step S16 is executed;

[0030] S14: The power supply controller PD determines that the first port P1 is connected to the first device to be charged 70. The power supply controller PD turns off the third switch S3 and turns on the first switch S1. The power supply controller PD then initializes the main power supply 10 to the first power supply capability option so that the first output power equals the power corresponding to the first power supply capability option. The main power supply 10 then provides the first output power to the first device to be charged 70 via the first switch S1. The process then jumps to step S20.

[0031] S16: The power supply controller PD determines that the second port P2 is connected to the second device to be charged 72. The power supply controller PD turns off the fourth switch S4 and turns on the second switch S2. The power supply controller PD then initializes the main power supply 10 to the first power supply capability option so that the second output power equals the power corresponding to the first power supply capability option. The main power supply 10 then provides the second output power to the second device to be charged 72 via the second switch S2. The process then jumps to step S22.

[0032] S20: The first device to be charged 70 communicates with the power controller PD via a signal line. The power controller PD provides a power supply capability combination to the first device to be charged 70. After the communication between the two parties, the power controller PD selects a power supply capability option from the power supply capability combination to configure the main power supply 10, so that the first output power energy changes to the power energy corresponding to the selected power supply capability option. The main power supply 10 provides the first output power energy through the first switch S1 to charge the first device to be charged 70. Then, the process jumps to step S24.

[0033] S22: The second device to be charged 72 communicates with the power controller PD via a signal line. The second device to be charged 72 provides the power controller PD with a device-requested power capability option. The device-requested power capability option corresponds to one of the multiple power capability options included in the power capability combination. The device-requested power capability option may be the first power capability option or one of multiple other power capability options. After the communication between the two parties, the power controller PD configures the main power supply 10 based on the device-requested power capability option, changing the second output power to the power corresponding to the selected power capability option. The main power supply 10 then provides the second output power to charge the second device to be charged 72 via the second switch S2.

[0034] S24: Check whether the first device to be charged 70 has been removed from the first port P1 or the second device to be charged 72 has been removed from the second port P2; if so, proceed to step S26; if not, jump to step S10;

[0035] S26: The main power supply 10 stops charging and the process jumps to step S10.

[0036] In step S24, it is detected whether the first device to be charged 70 has been removed from the first port P1, or whether the second device to be charged 72 has been removed from the second port P2. In step S26, the power controller PD controls the corresponding switch to stop the main power supply 10 from charging the port from which the device to be charged has been removed. The process then proceeds to step S10 to detect whether a device to be charged is connected to the port.

[0037] In step S24, assuming that the first device to be charged 70 is the only device to be charged connected to the charging system 100 and the first device to be charged 70 has not been removed from the first port P1, the process will jump to step S10 to detect whether there are other devices to be charged connected to other ports. If there are no other devices to be charged connected to other ports (for example, the second detection current continues to be less than the idle threshold), the first device to be charged 70 will continue to be powered by the power corresponding to the power supply capacity option selected in the previous step S20. If step S10 detects that there are other devices to be charged connected to other ports (for example, the second detection current changes from being less than the idle threshold to being greater than the idle threshold), then refer to Figure 4 The method 500 is used to find the most ideal power supply method. The method 500 is that when the first interface P1 and the second interface P2 are respectively coupled to different devices to be charged, Figure 2A Steps S20 and S22 are detailed procedures for the first device to be charged 70 and the second device to be charged 72 to communicate with the power controller PD.

[0038] Figure 2B Flowchart of a method 300 for determining the coupling status and power supply of the charging system 100. The method 300 includes the following steps:

[0039] S11: The power controller PD turns off the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 and turns on the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4. The secondary power source 20 provides a first detection current to the first port P1 and provides a second detection current to the second port P2.

[0040] S32: When the first detection current is less than the idle threshold, the power controller PD keeps the first switch S1 turned off and the third switch S3 turned on, so as to keep the first power port 40 providing the first detection current through the third switch S3; and then returns to step S11.

[0041] Figure 2C A flowchart of a method 400 for determining the coupling status and power supply of the charging system 100 is provided. The method 400 includes the following steps:

[0042] S11: The power controller PD turns off the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 and turns on the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4. The secondary power source 20 provides a first detection current to the first port P1 and provides a second detection current to the second port P2.

[0043] S42: When the second detection current is less than the idle threshold, the power controller PD keeps the second switch S2 turned off and the fourth switch S3 turned on, maintaining the secondary power port 42 providing the second detection current through the fourth switch S4; then returning to step S11.

[0044] In one embodiment, the output power may be a power value specified in the USB Power Delivery specification, such as 5 V, 9 V, or 15 V. The device to be charged may be any device that uses USB charging, such as a mobile phone, digital camera, portable device, external storage peripheral, laptop, monitor, etc.

[0045] If the first detection current is less than a no-connect threshold, such as 0.5 mA, the load detection circuit 30 determines that the first cable 60 connected to the first port P1 is no-connect, and the power controller PD continues to control the first switch S1 to be turned off and the third switch S3 to be turned on, allowing the first detection current to be provided from the primary power port 40 through the third switch S3. When the first detection current is greater than the no-connect threshold, the load detection circuit 30 determines that the first port P1 is coupled to the first device to be charged 70, triggering the power controller PD to control the third switch S3 to be turned off and the first switch S1 to be turned on. The power controller PD then sets the main power supply 10 to the first power capability option, causing the main power supply 10 to provide a first output power, such as 5V, to the first device to be charged 70 through the first switch S1. In this way, the main power supply 10 can provide output power through the first switch S1 only when the first cable 60 of the first port P1 is connected to the first device to be charged 70.

[0046] Figures 3A to 3D Schematic diagram of current for determining the coupling state of the charging system 100. In the embodiment, the load detection circuit 30 determines the connection state of the first interface P1 in the following manner. Figure 3A As shown, if the first detection current is greater than 0mA and less than 2mA, for example 0.5mA, it is determined that the first wire 60 connected to the first port P1 is an active wire, and the active wire is unconnected, so it continues to consume a low current of 0.5mA; the so-called active wire in this case refers to a charging cable with power-consuming components such as LED indicators or integrated circuits IC. Figure 3B As shown, if the first detection current is substantially maintained at 0mA, it is determined that the first port P1 is not connected to a wire or the connected first wire 60 is a passive wire and is unconnected; the so-called passive wire in the present invention refers to a charging cable that does not have any power consuming components and is a simple wire. Figure 3CAs shown, if the first detection current increases from less than 2 mA (e.g., 1 mA) previously detected to greater than 100 mA, e.g., 1 A, the first wire 60 newly connected to the first port P1 is determined to be an active wire and coupled to the first device to be charged 70. Figure 3D As shown, if the first detection current increases from the previously detected value of substantially 0 mA to greater than 100 mA, for example, 1 A, the first cable 60 newly connected to the first port P1 is determined to be a passive cable and coupled to the first device to be charged 70. The load detection circuit 30 determines the coupling status of the second port P2 in the same manner as the first port P1 and is not further described here.

[0047] Figure 4 FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method 500 for communicating between a first device to be charged 70 and a second device to be charged 72 and a power controller PD. The method 500 includes the following steps:

[0048] S501: Is it detected that the second charging device 72 is coupled to the second port P2? If so, jump to step S554; if not, jump to step S505;

[0049] S503: Is it detected that the first device to be charged 70 is coupled to the first port P1? If so, jump to step S554; if not, jump to step S507;

[0050] S505: The first device to be charged 70 communicates with the power controller PD via a signal line. The power controller PD provides a power supply capability combination to the first device to be charged 70. After the communication between the two parties, the first device to be charged 70 selects a power supply capability option from the power supply capability combination. The power controller PD then configures the main power supply 10 based on the selected power supply capability option, updating the first output power energy to the power energy corresponding to the selected power supply capability option. The main power supply 10 provides the first output power energy via the first switch S1 to charge the first device to be charged 70. The process then proceeds to step S24.

[0051] S507: The second device to be charged 72 communicates with the power controller PD via a signal line. The second device to be charged 72 provides the power controller PD with a device-requested power capability option. The power controller PD configures the main power supply 10 based on the device-requested power capability option, updating the second output power to the power corresponding to the device-requested power capability option. The main power supply 10 then provides the second output power via the second switch S2 to charge the second device to be charged 72. The process then skips to step S24.

[0052] S554: When multiple devices to be charged are connected to the charging system 100, the main power supply 10 is configured to output power corresponding to the first power supply capability option, such as 5V, to avoid interrupting the charging process of the original single device to be charged and to avoid damaging the newly connected device to be charged.

[0053] S556: The first switch S1 and the second switch S2 are both turned on, so that the main power supply 10 provides power corresponding to the first power supply capability option to the first device to be charged 70 through the first switch S1, and the main power supply provides power corresponding to the first power supply capability option to the second device to be charged 72 through the second switch S2.

[0054] S558: The second device to be charged 72 communicates with the power supply controller PD, and the second device to be charged 72 provides the power supply capability option requested by the device to the power supply controller PD;

[0055] S560: The first device to be charged 70 communicates with the power supply controller PD. The power supply controller PD sends a modified power supply capability combination to the first device to be charged 70. The modified power supply capability combination includes the first power supply capability option and the device-requested power supply capability option provided by the second device to be charged 72.

[0056] S564: Can the first device to be charged 70 accept the device request power supply capability option corresponding to the second device to be charged 72? If so, go to step S566; if not, go to step S568;

[0057] S566: The power controller PD sets the main power supply 10 according to the device-requested power capability option corresponding to the second device to be charged 72, so that the main power supply 10 provides power corresponding to the device-requested power capability option to the first device to be charged 70 and the second device to be charged 72 via the first switch S1 and the second switch S2, respectively. Then, the process jumps to step S24.

[0058] S568: Based on the factory or user settings of the charging system 100, the power controller PD determines whether to prioritize the fast charging requirements of only the first device to be charged 70 or the second device to be charged 72, or to simultaneously meet the charging requirements of both devices at a lower voltage. If the power controller PD determines that the fast charging requirement of the first device to be charged 70 should be prioritized, step S570 is executed; if the power controller PD determines that the fast charging requirement of the second device to be charged 72 should be prioritized, step S572 is executed; otherwise, step S574 is executed.

[0059] S570: The second switch S2 is turned off, and the first device to be charged 70 communicates with the power controller PD via a signal line. The power controller PD provides the first device to be charged 70 with the power supply capability combination of step S505. After the communication between the two parties, the first device to be charged 70 selects a power supply capability option from the power supply capability combination of step S505. The power controller PD then configures the main power supply 10 based on the selected power supply capability option, updating the first output power to the power corresponding to the selected power supply capability option. The main power supply 10 provides the first output power to charge the first device to be charged 70 via the first switch S1, thereby meeting the first device to be charged 70's requirement for fast charging. The process then skips to step S24.

[0060] S572: The first switch S1 is turned off. The power supply controller PD sets the main power supply 10 according to the device-requested power capability option provided by the second device to be charged 72, so that the second output power is updated to the power corresponding to the device-requested power capability option provided by the second device to be charged 72. The main power supply 10 provides the second output power to charge the second device to be charged 72 via the second switch S2, thereby meeting the fast charging requirement of the second device to be charged 72. The process then skips to step S24.

[0061] S574: The main power supply 10 is configured with the first power supply capability option to output the power corresponding to the first power supply capability option, such as 5V. This abandons the fast charging capability, but allows multiple devices to be charged connected to the charging system 100 to continue to be charged simultaneously. Jump to step S24.

[0062] In step 566, when the power controller PD intends to replace the first power capability option originally set in step 556 for the main power supply 10 with another power capability option, that is, before the output power of the main power supply 10 is changed from the power corresponding to the first power capability option (e.g., 5V) to the higher voltage power corresponding to the other power capability option (e.g., a higher voltage of 12V), the power controller PD may perform the following preliminary safety check steps:

[0063] (1) Check and confirm that the secondary power paths (third switch S3 and fourth switch S4) corresponding to the first port P1 and the first port P2 currently connected to the device to be charged are both turned off, and the corresponding primary power paths (first switch S1 and second switch S2) are both turned on, thereby avoiding unnecessary power loss in the secondary power paths.

[0064] (2) If the charging system 100 has an additional third port that has not yet been coupled to a device to be charged, the power controller PD will first check to confirm that the fifth switch of the main power path corresponding to the third port is turned off. In this way, when a third device to be charged is later connected to the third port, the higher voltage corresponding to the other power supply capability options can be prevented from damaging the third device to be charged that is newly coupled to the charging system 100.

[0065] In summary, the present invention's Universal Serial Bus (USB) charging system and method can simultaneously detect whether charging cables connected to multiple USB charging ports are unconnected. This allows multiple USB charging ports to simultaneously provide higher output power at a low cost, overcoming the incompatibility or operational issues associated with various multi-port charging technologies. This allows for energy conservation and full utilization of the fast charging capabilities offered by USB Power Delivery.

[0066] The above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A charging system, characterized in that: Include: a main power supply; A power supply controller, coupled to the main power supply, comprising: Primary power supply; a first secondary power port coupled to the secondary power source for providing a first detection current; and a load detection circuit; A first switch comprising: a first end coupled to the main power source; a second end; as well as a control terminal coupled to the power supply controller; a third switch, comprising: a first end coupled to the first power port; a second end; as well as a control terminal coupled to the power supply controller; and a first interface coupled to the second end of the first switch and the second end of the third switch; The power supply controller initially sets the first switch to be off and the third switch to be on, and the first power port provides the first detection current to the first interface through the third switch; and When the first detection current is less than an idle threshold, the power supply controller keeps the first switch turned off, the third switch turned on, and the first power port continues to provide the first detection current through the third switch. The idle threshold is a current threshold.

2. The charging system according to claim 1, wherein: The power supply controller further includes a secondary power port coupled to the secondary power supply for providing a second detection current. The charging system further includes: A second switch comprising: a first end coupled to the main power source; a second end; and a control terminal coupled to the power supply controller; a fourth switch, comprising: a first end coupled to the secondary power port; a second end; as well as a control terminal coupled to the power supply controller; and a second interface coupled to the second end of the second switch and the second end of the fourth switch; The power supply controller initially sets the second switch to be off, the fourth switch to be on, and the secondary power port to provide the second detection current to the second interface via the fourth switch; and When the second detection current is less than the idle threshold, the power supply controller keeps the second switch turned off, the fourth switch turned on, and the secondary power port continues to provide the second detection current through the fourth switch.

3. The charging system according to claim 2, wherein: Also includes: a first current limiting device coupled to the third switch to form a first power path, wherein the first power path is coupled between the first power port and the first interface; and A second current limiting device is coupled to the fourth switch to form a secondary power path, wherein the second power path is coupled between the second power port and the second interface.

4. The charging system according to claim 2, wherein: The power supply controller has a power supply capability combination, which includes a first power supply capability option and multiple other power supply capability options, and the multiple other power supply capability options are different from the first power supply capability option. When the first detection current is greater than the no-connection threshold, the power supply controller determines that the first interface is connected to a first device to be charged. The power supply controller sets the main power supply with the first power supply capability option, and turns off the third switch and turns on the first switch, so that the main power supply provides a first output power to the first device to be charged through the first switch, wherein the first output power is the power corresponding to the first power supply capability option.

5. The charging system according to claim 4, wherein: When the first device to be charged receives the first output power, the power supply controller communicates with the first device to be charged to exchange the power supply capability combination, and selects a power supply capability option from the power supply capability combination to set the main power source.

6. The charging system according to claim 5, wherein: The first power supply capability option is 5V power, and the multiple other power supply capability options are multiple non-5V power.

7. The charging system according to claim 5, wherein: The power supply controller provides the power supply capability combination to the first device to be charged; The first device to be charged selects the power supply capability option from the power supply capability combination and feeds back the selected power supply capability option to the power supply controller; as well as The power supply controller sets the main power source according to the selected power supply capability option.

8. The charging system according to claim 4, wherein: When the second detection current is greater than the idle connection threshold, the power supply controller determines that the second interface is connected to a second device to be charged, wherein the power supply controller sets the main power supply to the first power supply capability option, and turns off the fourth switch and turns on the second switch, so that the main power supply provides a second output power to the second device to be charged through the second switch, wherein the second output power is power corresponding to the first power supply capability option.

9. The charging system according to claim 8, wherein: In a state where the second device to be charged receives the second output power, the second device to be charged provides a device request power supply capability option to the power supply controller; as well as When the first detection current is less than the idle threshold, the power controller sets the main power source according to the device-requested power capability option, wherein the device-requested power capability option is different from the first power capability option.

10. The charging system according to claim 4, wherein: When the first detection current is greater than the no-connection threshold value and the second detection current is greater than the no-connection threshold value, the power supply controller determines that the first interface is connected to the first device to be charged and the second interface is connected to a second device to be charged, wherein the power supply controller sets the main power supply with the first power supply capability option, and the power supply controller turns off the third switch and the fourth switch, turns on the first switch and the second switch, and enables the main power supply to provide output power corresponding to the first power supply capability option to the first device to be charged and the second device to be charged through the first switch and the second switch, respectively.

11. The charging system according to claim 10, wherein: The second device to be charged provides a device-requested power supply capability option to the power supply controller, and the power supply controller communicates with the first device to be charged to exchange a changed power supply capability combination, wherein the changed power supply capability combination includes the first power supply capability option and the device-requested power supply capability option; wherein, if the first device to be charged can accept the device-requested power supply capability option, the power supply controller sets the main power supply according to the device-requested power supply capability option, thereby updating the setting of the main power supply from the first power supply capability option to the device-requested power supply capability option.

12. The charging system according to claim 11, wherein: The power supply controller first checks to confirm that the third switch and the fourth switch are both turned off, and the first switch and the second switch are both turned on, and then the power supply controller updates the setting of the main power supply from the first power supply capability option to the device-requested power supply capability option.

13. The charging system according to claim 10, wherein: The second device to be charged provides a device-requested power supply capability option to the power supply controller, and the power supply controller communicates with the first device to be charged to exchange a changed power supply capability combination, wherein the changed power supply capability combination includes the first power supply capability option and the device-requested power supply capability option; wherein, if the first device to be charged cannot accept the device-requested power supply capability option, the power supply controller sets the main power supply according to a charging setting, and the charging setting is selected from an option of prioritizing charging the first device to be charged, an option of prioritizing charging the second device to be charged, and an option of charging the first device to be charged and the second device to be charged at the same time.

14. The charging system according to claim 1, wherein: When the first detection current is less than 2 mA, the power supply controller determines that the first interface is not coupled to any device to be charged; as well as When the first detection current rises to be greater than 100 mA, the power supply controller determines that the first interface is coupled to a first device to be charged.

15. A universal serial bus charging method, characterized in that: A charging system of the universal serial bus includes a main power supply, a power supply controller, a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, a first interface, and a second interface, wherein the power supply controller includes a primary power supply, a load detection circuit, a first power port coupled to the secondary power supply, and a second power port coupled to the secondary power supply, wherein the first power port is used to provide a first detection current, and the second power port is used to provide a second detection current, wherein the power supply controller is coupled to the main power supply, a first terminal of the first switch is coupled to the main power supply, and a control terminal of the first switch is coupled to the primary power supply. connected to the power supply controller, a first end of the second switch coupled to the main power supply, a control end of the second switch coupled to the power supply controller, the first end of the third switch coupled to the primary power port, a control end of the third switch coupled to the power supply controller, the first end of the fourth switch coupled to the secondary power port, a control end of the fourth switch coupled to the power supply controller, the first interface coupled to a second end of the first switch and a second end of the third switch, and the second interface coupled to a second end of the second switch and a second end of the fourth switch. The method includes: The power supply controller turns off the first switch and the second switch and turns on the third switch and the fourth switch, wherein the secondary power supply provides a first detection current to the first interface and provides a second detection current to the second interface; When the load detection circuit detects that the first detection current is less than a disconnect threshold, the power supply controller determines that no wire is connected to the first interface or that a first wire connected to the first interface is disconnected, and the power supply controller keeps the first switch off and turns on the third switch. The disconnect threshold is a current threshold. When the load detection circuit detects that the first detection current is greater than the idle threshold, the load detection circuit determines that the first wire connected to the first interface is coupled to a first device to be charged; When the load detection circuit determines that the first wire is coupled to the first device to be charged, the power supply controller sets the main power supply to a first power supply capability option, turns off the third switch, and turns on the first switch, so that the main power supply provides a first output power to the first device to be charged through the first switch, wherein the first output power is power corresponding to the first power supply capability option; The power supply controller communicates with the first device to be charged to exchange a power supply capability combination, and selects a power supply capability option from the power supply capability combination to determine a first output power size; and The power supply controller controls the main power supply to provide the first output power to the first device to be charged; The power supply capability combination includes the first power supply capability option and a plurality of other power supply capability options.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein Also includes: When the load detection circuit detects that the second detection current is less than a disconnect threshold, the power supply controller determines that the second interface is not connected to a wire or that a second wire connected to the second interface is disconnected; and The power supply controller keeps turning off the second switch and turns on the fourth switch.

17. The method according to claim 15, wherein Also includes: When the load detection circuit detects that the second detection current is greater than the idle threshold, the load detection circuit determines that a second wire connected to the second interface is coupled to a second device to be charged; When the load detection circuit determines that the second wire is coupled to the second device to be charged, the power supply controller sets the main power supply to the first power supply capability option, turns off the fourth switch, and turns on the second switch, so that the main power supply provides a second output power to the second device to be charged through the second switch, wherein the second output power is power corresponding to the first power supply capability option; as well as The second device to be charged provides a device request power supply capability option to the power supply controller.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein Also includes: The power supply controller communicates with the first device to be charged to exchange a modified power supply capability combination, wherein the modified power supply capability combination includes a first power supply capability option and the device-requested power supply capability option; as well as If the first device to be charged can accept the device-requested power capability option, the power supply controller sets the main power source according to the device-requested power capability option, thereby updating the main power source setting from the first power capability option to the device-requested power capability option.

19. The method according to claim 18, wherein: The power supply controller first checks to confirm that the third switch and the fourth switch are both turned off, and the first switch and the second switch are both turned on, and then the power supply controller updates the setting of the main power supply from the first power supply capability option to the device-requested power supply capability option.

20. The method of claim 17, wherein: Also includes: The power supply controller communicates with the first device to be charged to exchange a modified power supply capability combination, wherein the modified power supply capability combination includes the first power supply capability option and the device-requested power supply capability option; as well as If the first device to be charged cannot accept the device-requested power supply capability option, the power supply controller sets the main power source according to a charging setting, wherein the charging setting is selected from an option of preferentially charging the first device to be charged, an option of preferentially charging the second device to be charged, and an option of simultaneously charging the first and second devices to be charged.

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