Motor with variable speed function and engineering vehicle

Abstract

This invention discloses a motor with variable speed function, including a hydraulic oil inlet channel and a hydraulic oil outlet channel inside the motor rear cover, and a valve core disposed within an adjustment channel. Multiple channel adjustment grooves are disposed on the inner wall of the adjustment channel, and multiple valve core adjustment grooves are disposed around the outer periphery of the valve core. The channel adjustment grooves connect the rotor assembly, the hydraulic oil inlet channel, and the hydraulic oil outlet channel. The movement of the valve core controls the disconnection or connection of the channel adjustment grooves and the valve core adjustment grooves. A drive device is disposed on one side of the adjustment channel to push the valve core to move. An oil replenishment valve core is disposed inside the valve core. After the valve core moves, the oil replenishment valve core connects the first adjustment groove, the second adjustment groove, and the third adjustment groove, or connects the second adjustment groove, the third adjustment groove, and the fourth adjustment groove. Its advantage is that it replenishes the hydraulic oil in the first or fourth adjustment groove to the second and third adjustment grooves, thereby reducing motor vibration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of motors, and more particularly to a motor with variable speed function and an engineering vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Heavy-duty transport vehicles are needed in mines, tunnels, and coal mines. These vehicles are equipped with hydraulic motors that power the wheels and propel the vehicle. Because heavy-duty vehicles operate under varying road conditions, especially in mines, tunnels, and other construction sites, drivers must precisely control the speed to ensure safe loading and driving, while also maintaining economic efficiency.

[0003] Traditional low-speed, high-torque hydraulic motors are typically operated by using a separate hydraulic regulating valve. This halves the motor's displacement, effectively doubling its speed. The motor's speed increases exponentially; that is, with a constant external oil flow, halving the motor displacement results in twice the original speed. The hydraulic regulating valve contains a valve core. Hydraulic control of the valve core's movement changes the number of channels, thereby controlling the hydraulic pressure and achieving speed regulation.

[0004] The disadvantage of the existing technology is that after the motor speed is changed, the delivery of hydraulic oil in some pipelines is cut off. The hydraulic oil in the cut-off pipelines is insufficient, while the hydraulic oil is still affected by the movement of the rotor plunger. The change in the volume of the plunger hole where the plunger is located causes the pipeline to be vacuumed, thereby causing the motor to vibrate. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a motor with speed change function and an engineering vehicle that can reduce motor vibration during speed change.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is a motor with variable speed function, including a front cover, a rear cover, a stator, and a rotor assembly connected to a wheel axle. Multiple radially movable plunger assemblies are arranged around the rotor assembly. The rear cover is characterized by having a hydraulic oil inlet channel and a hydraulic oil outlet channel, and a distribution shaft within the rear cover. An adjustment channel is arranged within the distribution shaft, and a valve core is arranged within the adjustment channel. Multiple channel adjustment grooves are arranged on the inner wall of the adjustment channel, and multiple valve core adjustment grooves are arranged around the outer periphery of the valve core. The channel adjustment grooves connect the rotor assembly, the hydraulic oil inlet channel, and the hydraulic oil outlet channel. The movement of the valve core controls the disconnection or connection of the channel adjustment grooves and the valve core adjustment grooves. A drive device is arranged on one side of the adjustment channel to push the valve core to move. A replenishing valve core is arranged inside the valve core. After the valve core moves, the replenishing valve core connects the first adjustment groove, the second adjustment groove, and the third adjustment groove, or connects the second adjustment groove, the third adjustment groove, and the fourth adjustment groove. Hydraulic oil in the first or fourth regulating groove is replenished towards the second and third regulating grooves.

[0007] A further preferred embodiment of the present invention is as follows: the oil replenishing valve core includes a valve body, which can move left and right within the valve cavity. The valve body includes two oil replenishing channel assemblies, each comprising two longitudinal pipes and one transverse pipe. The transverse pipe is positioned in the middle of the longitudinal pipes, and the transverse and longitudinal pipes form an I-shaped structure. The outer end of the transverse pipe communicates with the valve cavity. The two oil replenishing channel assemblies are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the valve body. When the oil replenishing valve core is on the left side, it connects to the first adjusting groove, the second adjusting groove, and the third adjusting groove. When the oil replenishing valve core is on the right side, it connects to the second adjusting groove, the third adjusting groove, and the fourth adjusting groove.

[0008] A further preferred embodiment of the present invention is that the upper and lower ports of the longitudinal pipe near the outer side are provided with channels extending outward to the valve cavity.

[0009] A further preferred embodiment of the present invention is as follows: the valve core is provided with two valve core adjustment grooves, the two valve core adjustment grooves and the side wall of the valve core are respectively connected to four sets of valve core channels, and the four sets of valve core channels correspond to four longitudinal pipes.

[0010] A further preferred embodiment of the present invention is as follows: the four sets of valve core channels are respectively a first set of valve core channels, a second set of valve core channels, a third set of valve core channels and a fourth set of valve core channels, the two valve core adjustment slots are respectively a first valve core adjustment slot and a second valve core adjustment slot, the first set of valve core channels is connected to the first valve core adjustment slot, the second set of valve core channels is connected to the side wall of the valve core, the third set of valve core channels is connected to the second valve core adjustment slot, and the fourth set of valve core channels is connected to the side wall of the valve core.

[0011] A further preferred embodiment of the present invention is that when the oil replenishment valve core is located on the right side, there is a communication gap between the longitudinal pipe on the inner side of the right oil replenishment channel assembly and the third set of valve core channels.

[0012] A further preferred embodiment of the present invention is as follows: the driving device includes an electromagnet and a return spring, the valve core is made of magnetic material, the electromagnet is disposed on one side of the valve core, and the return spring is disposed between the electromagnet and the valve core, and the valve core is pushed to move under the combined action of the electromagnet and the return spring.

[0013] A further preferred embodiment of the present invention is as follows: the channel adjustment groove includes a first adjustment groove, a second adjustment groove, a third adjustment groove, and a fourth adjustment groove. The hydraulic oil inlet channel is connected to the fourth adjustment groove, and the hydraulic oil outlet channel is connected to the first adjustment groove. In the normal state, the first and second adjustment grooves are connected, the third and fourth adjustment grooves are connected, and the second and third adjustment grooves are disconnected. High-pressure hydraulic oil flows in the pipelines corresponding to the first, second, third, and fourth adjustment grooves. After the valve core moves, the first and second adjustment grooves are disconnected, and the third and fourth adjustment grooves are disconnected. There is no longer high-pressure hydraulic oil in the pipelines corresponding to the second and third adjustment grooves, but the pipelines corresponding to the first and fourth adjustment grooves are continuously filled with high-pressure hydraulic oil. The reduced amount of hydraulic oil that can be supplied leads to an increase in the motor speed.

[0014] A further preferred embodiment of the present invention is that the valve core adjusting groove is an annular groove surrounding the outside of the valve core.

[0015] A further preferred embodiment of the present invention is as follows: the two sides of the valve core adjusting groove are valve core sidewalls, and the valve core sidewalls are provided with buffer grooves, which are connected to the valve core adjusting groove on one side.

[0016] A further preferred embodiment of the present invention is that there are two valve core adjustment grooves and four buffer grooves respectively disposed on both sides of the valve core adjustment grooves.

[0017] This invention features a driving device on one side of the regulating channel, which moves the valve core. An oil replenishing valve core is located inside the valve core. After the valve core moves, the oil replenishing valve core connects the first, second, and third regulating grooves, or connects the second, third, and fourth regulating grooves. When the valve core moves, the hydraulic oil in the second and third regulating grooves and their corresponding pipelines is cut off. At this time, with the help of the oil replenishing valve core, the hydraulic oil in the first or fourth regulating groove replenishes the second and third regulating grooves, reducing motor vibration. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the motor receiving hydraulic oil from the right-side hydraulic oil inlet channel and operating at a constant speed.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the motor receiving hydraulic oil from the right-side hydraulic oil inlet channel and in a speed-changing state.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the motor receiving hydraulic oil from the left-side hydraulic oil inlet channel and operating at a constant speed.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the motor receiving hydraulic oil from the left-side hydraulic oil inlet channel and in a speed-changing state.

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the channel regulating groove and corresponding pipeline;

[0025] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the oil replenishment valve core;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a 3D view of the valve core. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0028] like Figures 1-9 As shown, a motor with variable speed function includes a front cover 1, a rear cover 2, a stator 3, and a rotor assembly 31 connected to a wheel axle 4. The front cover 1 is located on the left side, the rear cover 2 on the right side, and the rotor assembly 31 is located within the cavity formed by the front cover 1 and the rear cover 2. Multiple radially movable plunger assemblies 5 are arranged around the rotor assembly 31. High-pressure hydraulic oil pushes the plunger assemblies 5 to perform piston-like motion, while the stator 3 remains stationary, thereby causing the rotor assembly to drive the wheel axle 4 to rotate. The rear cover 2 is provided with a hydraulic oil inlet channel 6 and a hydraulic oil outlet channel 7. Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the functions of the hydraulic oil inlet channel 6 and the hydraulic oil outlet channel 7 can be interchanged. A distribution shaft 8 is also provided inside the motor rear cover 2. An adjustment channel 9 is provided inside the distribution shaft 8, and a valve core 10 is provided inside the adjustment channel 9. Multiple channel adjustment grooves 12 are provided on the inner wall of the adjustment channel 9, and multiple valve core adjustment grooves 11 are provided around the outer periphery of the valve core 10. The channel adjustment grooves 12 and valve core adjustment grooves 11 cooperate to control the amount of high-pressure hydraulic oil in the corresponding pipeline of the channel adjustment groove 12. The channel adjustment groove 12 connects the rotor assembly 31, the hydraulic oil inlet channel 6, and the hydraulic oil outlet channel 7. High-pressure hydraulic oil first enters from the hydraulic oil inlet channel 6, flows into the distribution shaft 8, and then into the rotor assembly 31. After the high-pressure hydraulic oil in the rotor assembly 31 completes its work, it becomes low-pressure hydraulic oil, which then flows back into the distribution shaft 8 and finally flows out from the hydraulic oil outlet channel 7. The movement control channel adjustment groove 12 and valve core adjustment groove 11 of the valve core 10 are disconnected or connected. The valve core 10 is made of magnetic material, and an electromagnet 13 is installed on one side of the valve core 10. The circuit controls the energization and de-energization of the electromagnet 13. A return spring 14 is installed between the electromagnet 13 and the valve core 10. Under the combined action of the electromagnet 13 and the return spring 14, the valve core 10 is pushed to move. In the normal speed state, the electromagnet 13 is energized and generates a suction force to attract the valve core 10 to the right side, and the return spring 14 is compressed between the electromagnet 13 and the valve core 10. When a speed change is required, the electromagnet 13 is de-energized, and the return spring 14 pushes the valve core 10 to move to the left. The movement of the valve core 10 causes a change in the amount of high-pressure hydraulic oil flowing in the channel adjustment groove 12, thereby controlling the change in motor speed.

[0029] like Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, the channel adjustment grooves 12, from left to right, are: first adjustment groove 21, second adjustment groove 22, third adjustment groove 23, and fourth adjustment groove 24. The hydraulic oil inlet channel 6 is connected to the fourth adjustment groove 24, and the hydraulic oil outlet channel 7 is connected to the first adjustment groove 21. In the normal state, the first adjustment groove 21 and the second adjustment groove 22 are connected, the third adjustment groove 23 and the fourth adjustment groove 24 are connected, the second adjustment groove 22 and the third adjustment groove 23 are disconnected, and high-pressure hydraulic pressure flows in the pipelines corresponding to the first adjustment groove 21, the second adjustment groove 22, the third adjustment groove 23, and the fourth adjustment groove 24. Specifically, high-pressure hydraulic oil enters the fourth regulating tank 24 and its own two-way inlet channel from the hydraulic oil inlet channel 6. After passing through the rotor assembly 31, the oil enters the two-way outlet channel and is discharged from the hydraulic oil outlet channel 7. The hydraulic oil in the fourth regulating tank 24 enters the third regulating tank 23, and the hydraulic oil in the third regulating tank 23 enters the fourth-way inlet channel. The hydraulic oil in the fourth-way inlet channel passes through the rotor assembly 31, enters the second regulating tank 22, and then flows into the first regulating tank 21, finally exiting from the hydraulic oil outlet channel 7. The system now operates with six channels of high-pressure hydraulic oil. After the valve core 10 moves, the first adjusting groove 21 and the second adjusting groove 22 disconnect, as do the third adjusting groove 23 and the fourth adjusting groove 24. The pipes corresponding to the second adjusting groove 22 and the third adjusting groove 23 no longer contain high-pressure hydraulic oil, while the pipes corresponding to the first adjusting groove 21 and the fourth adjusting groove 24 continue to contain high-pressure hydraulic oil. Only two channels of high-pressure hydraulic oil remain to operate on the rotor assembly 31, reducing the number of channels from six to two. This decreases the number of channels through which a unit amount of hydraulic oil can pass, thus increasing the motor speed. The valve core adjusting groove 11 is an annular groove surrounding the outside of the valve core 10. The valve core adjusting groove 11 has two sides forming valve core sidewalls 15. Each valve core sidewall 15 has a buffer groove 16 connected to one side of the valve core adjusting groove 11. The buffer groove 16 has a small contact area with the high-pressure hydraulic oil, resulting in a small initial force. However, as the four adjusting grooves come into contact, the force increases significantly due to the larger contact area, thus providing a smaller initial force before applying a larger force, making the movement of the valve core 10 smoother. There are two valve core adjusting grooves 11 and four buffer grooves 16, each located on one side of the valve core adjusting groove 11, providing buffering in all directions.

[0030] After the valve core 10 moves, the hydraulic oil in the second adjusting groove 22 and the third adjusting groove 23 and the corresponding pipelines is cut off. However, at this time, the hydraulic oil in the second adjusting groove 22 and the third adjusting groove 23 and the corresponding pipelines is still affected by the movement of the rotor plunger. The change in the volume of the plunger orifice where the plunger is located causes a vacuum in the second adjusting groove 22 and the third adjusting groove 23 and the corresponding pipelines, resulting in motor vibration. In order to reduce motor vibration, hydraulic oil needs to be added to the second adjusting groove 22 and the third adjusting groove 23 and the corresponding pipelines. This invention uses the hydraulic oil in the first adjusting groove 21 to add to the second adjusting groove 22 and the third adjusting groove 23 and the corresponding pipelines. Specifically, because the hydraulic oil inlet channel 6 and the hydraulic oil outlet channel 7 are interchangeable, the functions of other structures can be reversed. Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, when hydraulic oil enters channel 6 on the right, the inner side of valve core 10 is equipped with a replenishing valve core 30. When the electromagnet 13 is de-energized, valve core 10 moves to the left, and the replenishing valve core 30 is located on the left. The replenishing valve core 30 connects the first adjusting groove 21, the second adjusting groove 22, and the third adjusting groove 23, allowing the hydraulic oil in the first adjusting groove 21 to enter the second adjusting groove 22 and the third adjusting groove 23. Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, when hydraulic oil enters channel 6 on the left, the inner side of valve core 10 is equipped with oil replenishment valve core 30. When electromagnet 13 is de-energized, valve core 10 moves to the left, and oil replenishment valve core 30 is located on the right. Oil replenishment valve core 30 connects the second adjustment groove 22, the third adjustment groove 23 and the fourth adjustment groove 24, so that the hydraulic oil in the fourth adjustment groove 24 enters the second adjustment groove 22 and the third adjustment groove 23. The replenishing valve core 30 includes a valve body 17, which can move left and right within the valve cavity 18. The valve body 17 includes two replenishing channel assemblies, one on the left and one on the right. Each replenishing channel assembly includes two longitudinal pipes 19 and one transverse pipe 20. The transverse pipe 20 is positioned in the middle of the longitudinal pipes 19. The transverse pipe 20 and the longitudinal pipes 19 form an I-shaped structure. The outer end of the transverse pipe 20 communicates with the valve cavity 18. The two replenishing channel assemblies are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the valve body 17. When the replenishing valve core 30 is on the left, it connects to the first adjusting groove 21, the second adjusting groove 22, and the third adjusting groove 23. When the replenishing valve core 30 is on the right, it connects to the second adjusting groove 22, the third adjusting groove 23, and the fourth adjusting groove 24. The upper and lower ports of the longitudinal pipes 19 near the outer side are provided with channels 25 extending outward to the valve cavity 18. The valve core 10 has two valve core adjusting grooves 11. The two valve core adjusting grooves 11 and the sidewall of the valve core 10 are respectively connected to four sets of valve core channels, which correspond to the four longitudinal pipes 19. The four sets of valve core channels are designated as valve core channel 41, valve core channel 42, valve core channel 43, and valve core channel 44. The two valve core adjusting grooves 11 are valve core adjusting groove 51 and valve core adjusting groove 52, respectively. Valve core channel 41 connects to valve core adjusting groove 51, valve core channel 42 connects to the side wall of valve core 10, valve core channel 43 connects to valve core adjusting groove 52, and valve core channel 44 connects to the side wall of valve core 10. When the replenishing valve core 30 is located on the left, and when it is located on the right, there is a communication gap between the longitudinal pipe 19 on the inner side of the right replenishing channel assembly and valve core channel 43. Due to the structural limitations inside the valve core, this small-hole replenishing scheme with a communication gap can also provide sufficient hydraulic oil to the second adjusting groove 22 and the third adjusting groove 23.

[0031] An engineering vehicle includes a motor with magneto-electric induction speed change function, which has the above-mentioned technical features. The speed change structure is equipped with an oil replenishing valve core, which can effectively reduce motor vibration.

[0032] The present invention has provided a detailed description of a motor with variable speed function. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the invention. The descriptions of these embodiments are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the invention and its core ideas. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to the invention without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A motor with variable speed function, comprising a front cover, a rear cover, a stator, and a rotor assembly connected to a wheel axle, wherein the rotor assembly is surrounded by a plurality of radially movable plunger assemblies, characterized in that... The motor rear cover is provided with a hydraulic oil inlet channel and a hydraulic oil outlet channel. A distribution shaft is also provided inside the motor rear cover, and an adjustment channel is provided within the distribution shaft. A valve core is located within the adjustment channel, and multiple channel adjustment grooves are provided on the inner wall of the adjustment channel. Multiple valve core adjustment grooves are provided around the outer periphery of the valve core. The channel adjustment grooves connect the rotor assembly, the hydraulic oil inlet channel, and the hydraulic oil outlet channel. The movement of the valve core controls the opening or closing of the channel adjustment grooves and the valve core adjustment grooves. A drive device is provided on one side of the adjustment channel to push the valve core to move. A replenishing valve core is provided inside the valve core. After the valve core moves, the replenishing valve core connects the first, second, and third adjustment grooves, or connects the second, third, and fourth adjustment grooves. Hydraulic oil in the first or fourth adjustment groove flows to the second adjustment groove. The oil replenishment valve core includes a valve body that can move left and right within the valve cavity. The valve body includes two oil replenishment channel assemblies, each comprising two longitudinal pipes and one transverse pipe. The transverse pipe is positioned in the middle of the longitudinal pipes, forming an I-shaped structure. The outer end of the transverse pipe communicates with the valve cavity. The two oil replenishment channel assemblies are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the valve body. When the oil replenishment valve core is on the left, it connects to the first, second, and third adjustment slots; when the oil replenishment valve core is on the right, it connects to the second, third, and fourth adjustment slots. The upper and lower ports of the longitudinal pipes near the outer side are provided with channels extending outward to the valve cavity. The two sides of the valve core adjustment slot are valve core sidewalls, and buffer slots are provided on the valve core sidewalls. These buffer slots are connected to one side of the valve core adjustment slot. The valve core is provided with two valve core adjustment grooves, and the two valve core adjustment grooves and the side wall of the valve core are respectively connected to four sets of valve core channels, which correspond to four longitudinal pipes. The four sets of valve core channels are the first set of valve core channels, the second set of valve core channels, the third set of valve core channels, and the fourth set of valve core channels. The two valve core adjustment slots are the first valve core adjustment slot and the second valve core adjustment slot. The first set of valve core channels is connected to the first valve core adjustment slot, the second set of valve core channels is connected to the side wall of the valve core, the third set of valve core channels is connected to the second valve core adjustment slot, and the fourth set of valve core channels is connected to the side wall of the valve core. When the replenishing valve core is located on the right side, there is a communication gap between the longitudinal pipe on the inner side of the right replenishing channel assembly and the third set of valve core channels.

2. A motor with variable speed function according to claim 1, characterized in that... The driving device includes an electromagnet and a return spring. The valve core is made of magnetic material. The electromagnet is located on one side of the valve core, and the return spring is located between the electromagnet and the valve core. The valve core is moved by the combined action of the electromagnet and the return spring.

3. A motor with variable speed function according to claim 1, characterized in that... The channel adjustment groove includes a first adjustment groove, a second adjustment groove, a third adjustment groove, and a fourth adjustment groove. The hydraulic oil inlet channel is connected to the fourth adjustment groove, and the hydraulic oil outlet channel is connected to the first adjustment groove. In the normal state, the first and second adjustment grooves are connected, the third and fourth adjustment grooves are connected, and the second and third adjustment grooves are disconnected. High-pressure hydraulic oil flows in the pipelines corresponding to the first, second, third, and fourth adjustment grooves. After the valve core moves, the first and second adjustment grooves are disconnected, and the third and fourth adjustment grooves are disconnected. There is no longer high-pressure hydraulic oil in the pipelines corresponding to the second and third adjustment grooves, but high-pressure hydraulic oil continues to flow in the pipelines corresponding to the first and fourth adjustment grooves. The reduced amount of hydraulic oil that can be supplied leads to an increase in the motor speed.

4. A motor with variable speed function according to claim 1, characterized in that... The valve core adjusting groove is an annular groove surrounding the outside of the valve core.

5. A motor with variable speed function according to claim 1, characterized in that... The valve core adjusting groove has two sections, and the buffer groove has four sections, which are respectively located on both sides of the valve core adjusting groove.

6. An engineering vehicle, characterized in that... Including a motor with variable speed function as described in any one of claims 1-5.

Images