A novel double-layer pipe roof reinforcement device and its implementation method

Abstract

This invention discloses a novel double-layer pipe roof reinforcement device and its implementation method. The pipe roof consists of two layers arranged in a staggered pattern. A movable sleeve is installed inside the pipe roof, and several steel nails that can pass through the pipe roof are fixed on the sleeve and inserted into the soil under grouting pressure. This effectively expands the reinforcement range of the pipe roof, enhances the self-bearing capacity of the surrounding rock, and achieves a significant reinforcement effect. Furthermore, this invention also discloses an implementation method for using this double-layer pipe roof reinforcement device, including: Step 1: Construction preparation; Step 2: Measurement and layout; Step 3: Installing measuring water pipes or sensors and installing impact drilling tools on the pipe roof steel pipes; Step 4: Installing the first section of steel pipe and starting the drilling rig; Step 5: After advancing 0.5m, verifying the construction parameters and adjusting them before continuing drilling; Step 6: Verifying the pipe roof construction parameters and checking the borehole formation; Step 7: Installing grouting pipes at the ends and filling the pipe roof steel pipes with cement grout; Step 8: Sealing the borehole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shield tunneling engineering technology, and in particular to a new double-layer pipe roof reinforcement device and its implementation method. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, effectively controlling ground settlement during shield tunneling has become an important issue. When tunnels pass through existing lines, buildings, or structures, the existing lines, buildings, or structures are damaged due to tunnel excavation, and collapses may occur during construction. Pipe roof reinforcement can effectively control surface settlement.

[0003] Pipe roof reinforcement primarily aims to strengthen the integrity of the surrounding rock above the shield tunnel, creating a "rigid arch" effect. This significantly resists deformation of the surrounding rock outside the rigid arch area, effectively controlling surface settlement. The main functions of double-layer pipe roof reinforcement are as follows: 1. Controlling surface settlement. When the tunnel crosses existing railway lines, buildings, or structures, the main function of the pipe roof is to control surface settlement, preventing damage to existing lines, buildings, and structures due to tunnel excavation, ensuring their safety and the smooth progress of tunnel excavation. 2. Strengthening the surrounding rock and soil. Improving the strength of the surrounding rock and soil increases the bearing capacity of the soil at the arch of the excavation line, reinforcing the surrounding rock and ensuring tunnel construction safety. Grouting fluid is injected into the fissures of the surrounding rock through the pipe wall holes, cementing and consolidating the loose rock mass, thereby improving the physical and mechanical properties of the weak (fractured) surrounding rock and enhancing its self-bearing capacity, achieving the purpose of reinforcing the surrounding rock around the pipe roof. 3. Ensuring construction safety. The pipe roof support has high rigidity. If a collapse occurs again during construction, the debris will fall onto the upper rock debris of the pipe roof, acting as a buffer. Even if the pipe roof becomes unstable, its failure will be relatively slow. 4. Suppressing the loosening and collapse of surrounding rock. The pipe roof constructed first uses the surrounding rock supports in front of and behind the tunnel face as fulcrums, forming a beam-like structure. The two together form a shell-like structure surrounding the tunnel outline, which can effectively suppress the loosening and collapse of surrounding rock. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a novel pipe roof reinforcement device, namely, double-layer pipe roof reinforcement technology. This involves constructing a double-layer Φ159 large pipe roof for advanced support below the railway throat area and determining the main technical parameters for pipe roof construction.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A novel double-layer pipe roof reinforcement device, characterized in that it comprises:

[0007] Pipe sheds are installed below the throat area of ​​the railway.

[0008] An internal movable sleeve is installed inside the pipe roof cavity;

[0009] A temporary connecting piece for movable sleeves is installed between two adjacent movable sleeves inside the pipe, and is used to connect and fix multiple movable sleeves inside the pipe into a circular sleeve.

[0010] Furthermore, the pipe shed is divided into upper and lower layers and arranged in a plum blossom shape.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer wall of the pipe shed is evenly provided with several reserved grouting holes and multiple reserved steel nail protrusion holes.

[0012] Furthermore, the movable sleeve inside the tube includes several arc-shaped plates, each of which has an upward-facing first bent hook-shaped portion at both ends.

[0013] Furthermore, the movable sleeve temporary connector has second bent hook-shaped parts that are bent inward on both the left and right sides to cooperate with the first bent hook-shaped parts. The first bent hook-shaped parts and the second bent hook-shaped parts cooperate to fix several arc-shaped plates into a cylindrical sleeve.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer wall of the movable sleeve inside the tube is provided with steel nails that correspond one-to-one with the reserved steel nail protrusion holes.

[0015] Furthermore, one end of the steel nail is connected to the movable sleeve, wherein a partition is provided in the cavity to divide the hollow cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity, and the tip of the steel nail is provided with several through grooves.

[0016] The first cavity is provided with upper and lower sliding grooves, and a push plate is slidably installed in the sliding grooves. A push rod is provided on the push plate, and the push rod extends through the partition into the second cavity.

[0017] The partition plate has two fixing plates on one side facing the second cavity. Two locking rods are hinged to the fixing plates. When the locking rods are opened outward, they can pass through the through groove.

[0018] The push rod is positioned between the two locking rods, and the top of the push rod is movably connected to the two locking rods via connecting rods.

[0019] Furthermore, the push plate has a number of insertion rods on the side facing the partition, and the partition has a number of insertion holes that match the insertion rods.

[0020] Furthermore, the working principle of the reinforcement device is as follows: when grouting into the pipe shed, the temporary connecting piece of the movable sleeve is removed, and the movable sleeve inside the pipe is separated into several arc-shaped plates and spreads outward under the action of grouting pressure. The steel nails will be inserted and fixed into the surrounding soil through the reserved steel nail protrusion holes, and at the same time, the cement mortar overflowing from the grouting hole of the steel pipe will reinforce the surrounding soil.

[0021] A new construction method for a double-layer pipe roof reinforcement device is characterized by the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: Construction preparation: processing steel pipes, erecting the pipe shed drilling rig operating platform, and debugging and assembling the drilling rig;

[0023] Step 2: Measurement and layout: Measure the center position and elevation of each pipe roof according to the design location to control the drilling rig positioning and hole quality, ensuring the construction accuracy of the pipe roof; at the same time, install measuring water pipes or sensors and install the impact drilling tool inside the steel pipe of the pipe roof to check various construction parameters;

[0024] Step 3: Hole Formation: Impact crushing and jacking of steel pipe. After the drilling rig is in place, the first section of steel pipe is installed, the drilling rig is started, and drilling is carried out. After advancing 0.5m, the construction parameters are checked and adjusted. After adjustment, drilling continues. During the pipe roof jacking process, after each section of steel pipe is completed, the pipe roof construction parameters need to be measured and checked. Based on the measurement data, the parameters are adjusted in a timely manner to ensure construction accuracy.

[0025] Step 4: Pipe Roof Grouting: After drilling, grouting pipes are installed at the ends. Cement grout is used to fill the steel pipes of the pipe roof with a water-cement ratio of 1:1. Grouting is carried out from one end, with the grouting port located at the top of the steel pipe. After the grout flows out of the outlet, the valve is closed, and then the grouting pressure is gradually increased. The grouting pressure is controlled between 0.8 and 1.0 MPa. After the grouting pressure reaches the final pressure, the pressure is stabilized for 10 minutes and then grouting is stopped.

[0026] Step 5: Sealing the hole: After grouting is completed, check all parameters. Once they are qualified, the hole can be sealed, the steel arch structure can be erected, and the construction is completed.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0028] The pipe roof reinforcement device proposed in this invention can strengthen the integrity of the surrounding rock above the shield tunnel, forming a "rigid arch" effect. This greatly resists deformation of the surrounding rock outside the rigid arch area, thereby effectively controlling surface subsidence. Its main functions include the following:

[0029] First, control surface settlement. When tunnels pass through existing railway lines, buildings, or structures, the main function of pipe roofs is to control surface settlement, prevent damage to existing railway lines, buildings, and structures due to tunnel excavation, and ensure the safety of existing railway lines, buildings, and structures as well as the smooth progress of tunnel excavation.

[0030] Secondly, it strengthens the surrounding rock and soil. Increasing the strength of the surrounding rock and soil enhances the bearing capacity of the soil in the arch section of the excavation line, reinforcing the tunnel surrounding rock and ensuring tunnel construction safety. The grout is injected into the fissures of the surrounding rock through the pipe wall holes, cementing and consolidating the loose rock mass. This improves the physical and mechanical properties of the weak (fractured) surrounding rock, enhances its self-bearing capacity, and achieves the purpose of reinforcing the surrounding rock around the pipe shed.

[0031] Third, ensure construction safety. The pipe roof support has high rigidity, so if another collapse occurs during construction, the debris will fall onto the upper rock debris of the pipe roof, acting as a buffer. Even if the pipe roof becomes unstable, its damage will be relatively slow.

[0032] Fourth, it suppresses the loosening and collapse of the surrounding rock. The pipe roof constructed in advance uses the surrounding rock support in front of the tunnel face and the surrounding rock support behind the tunnel face as fulcrums to form a beam-like structure. The two together form a shell-like structure around the tunnel outline, which can effectively suppress the loosening and collapse of the surrounding rock. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a novel double-layer pipe roof reinforcement device of the present invention, in which two rows of double-layer pipe roofs are arranged in a quincunx pattern.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a longitudinal section view of a novel double-layer pipe roof reinforcement technology according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the movable sleeve device installed inside the pipe shed according to the present invention. Figure 3 (a) is a schematic diagram of the pipe roof installation without grouting. Figure 3 (b) is a schematic diagram of the pipe roof device when steel nails are inserted into the soil after grouting;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional schematic diagram of the movable sleeve installed inside the pipe shed according to the present invention. Figure 4 (a) is a schematic diagram of the pipe roof installation without grouting. Figure 4 (b) is a schematic diagram of the pipe roof device when steel nails are inserted into the soil after grouting;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view (partially shown) of the movable sleeve temporary connector of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the steel nail in the retracted state of the locking rod of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the steel nail in the open state of the locking rod of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a flowchart of the construction method of the present invention;

[0041] Component and part numbering instructions:

[0042] 1-Pipe roof, 2-Shield tunnel segment, 3-Pre-reserved grouting hole, 4-Steel nail, 5-Inner movable sleeve, 6-Temporary connector for movable sleeve, 7-Pre-reserved protruding hole for steel nail, 41-Partition plate, 42-First cavity, 43-Second cavity, 44-Slide groove, 45-Push plate, 46-Push rod, 47-Connecting rod, 48-Through groove, 49-Locking rod, 51-Arc plate, 52-First bend hook-shaped part, 61-Second bend hook-shaped part, 411-Insertion hole, 412-Fixing plate, 451-Insertion rod. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0044] When tunnels pass through existing railway lines, buildings, or structures, these structures may be damaged during excavation, and collapses may occur. To improve the strength of the surrounding rock and soil, increase the bearing capacity of the soil at the arch of the excavation line, reinforce the surrounding rock of the tunnel, ensure the safety of tunnel construction, and ensure the safety of existing railway lines, buildings, and structures and the smooth progress of tunnel excavation, a new double-layer pipe roof reinforcement technology and implementation method are proposed.

[0045] like Figures 1-7 As shown, the present invention provides a novel double-layer pipe roof reinforcement device, which includes a pipe roof 1, an inner movable sleeve 5, and a temporary connecting device 6 for the movable sleeve. The pipe roof 1 is composed of steel pipes with a diameter of Φ159. The pipe roof 1 is divided into upper and lower layers and arranged in a quincunx pattern. The pipe roof 1 is located below the railway throat area. Several reserved grouting holes 3 and reserved steel nail protrusion holes 7 are evenly arranged on the outer wall of the pipe roof 1, and the diameter of the reserved steel nail protrusion holes 7 is larger than that of the reserved grouting holes 3.

[0046] from Figure 1 , 3 It can be seen that the movable sleeve 5 inside the pipe is set inside the pipe shed 1. It includes several arc plates 51. Each arc plate 51 has an upward first bending hook 52 at both ends. Two adjacent arc plates 51 are connected together by a movable sleeve temporary connector 6.

[0047] Combined with the appendix Figure 4 It can be seen that the movable sleeve temporary connector 6 has a second bending hook 61 that is bent inward on both the left and right sides and cooperates with the first bending hook 52. By using the second bending hook 61, two adjacent arc plates 51 can be connected and fixed. In this embodiment, there are 4 arc plates 51. By using four second bending hooks 61, the four arc plates 51 can be finally surrounded into a circular sleeve.

[0048] The outer wall of the movable sleeve 5 inside the pipe is provided with several steel nails 4 that correspond one-to-one with the steel nail protrusion holes 7. When grouting is performed inside the cylinder, the temporary connecting piece 6 of the movable sleeve is pulled out from the inside to the outside. The movable sleeve 5 will be divided into several arc-shaped plates 51. Under the action of grouting pressure, it will expand in all directions. The steel nails 4 will pass through the holes of the steel nail protrusion holes 7 and be fixed in the surrounding soil. During the grouting process, the reinforcement range of the pipe roof 1 can be effectively expanded.

[0049] One end of the steel nail 4 is open, and the opening is connected to the movable sleeve 5 inside the pipe. When grouting is injected into the sleeve, the grout can enter the interior of the steel nail 4. A partition 41 is vertically arranged inside the hollow cavity of the steel nail 4, which divides the hollow cavity into a first cavity 42 and a second cavity 43. Several through grooves are opened at the tip of the top of the steel nail 4.

[0050] The first cavity 42 is provided with upper and lower sliding grooves 44, and a push plate 45 is slidably installed in the sliding grooves 44. A push rod 46 is provided on the side of the push plate 45 facing the partition 41, and the push rod 46 extends through the partition 41 into the second cavity 43.

[0051] Two fixing plates 412 are provided on the side of the partition 41 facing the second cavity 43. Two locking rods 49 are respectively hinged to the two fixing plates 412. When the locking rods 49 are opened, they can pass through the through groove 48.

[0052] The push rod 46 is located between the upper and lower locking rods 49, and the end of the push rod 46 is movably connected to the two locking rods 49 respectively through the connecting rod 47;

[0053] The push plate 45 is provided with a number of insert rods 451 on the side facing the partition plate 41. The partition plate 41 is provided with a number of insertion holes 411 that match the insert rods 451. When the push plate 45 is pushed, it drives the push rod 46 forward, which in turn causes the two locking rods 49 to open and pass through the through groove 48 and press against the pre-drilled anchor holes in the soil. The reinforcing steel nail 4 is fixed in the surrounding soil.

[0054] The working principle of the reinforcement device is as follows: When in use, grout is injected into the pipe shed 1, the temporary connecting piece 6 of the movable sleeve is removed, the movable sleeve inside the pipe is divided into several arc-shaped plates 51, and under the action of grouting pressure, they spread outwards. The steel nails 4 will pass through the reserved steel nail protrusion holes 7 and be inserted and fixed in the surrounding soil. At this time, the grout flows into the hollow cavity inside the steel nails 4, and under the action of pressure, pushes the plate 45 to slide forward along the sliding groove 44, driving the push rod 46 forward until the insertion rod 451 is inserted into the insertion hole 411. At this time, under the action of the connecting rod 47, the two locking rods 49 open at a certain angle and pass through the through groove 48 and are pressed into the anchor hole. At the same time, the cement mortar overflowing from the grouting hole of the steel pipe reinforces the surrounding soil.

[0055] The implementation method of the new double-layer pipe roof reinforcement device includes the following steps:

[0056] Step 1: Construction preparation. The preparation work for pipe roof construction mainly includes the processing of steel pipes, the erection of the pipe roof drilling rig operating platform, and the assembly and debugging of the drilling rig.

[0057] Step 2: Measurement and layout. The center position and elevation of each pipe roof are measured according to the design location to control drilling rig positioning and hole quality, ensuring the construction accuracy of the pipe roof. Simultaneously, measuring water pipes or sensors are installed, and the impact drilling tool is installed inside the steel pipe of the pipe roof to verify various construction parameters.

[0058] Step 3: Impact crushing and jacking of the steel pipe. After the drilling rig is in place, install the first section of steel pipe, start drilling, and after advancing 0.5m, check the construction parameters. After adjustment, continue drilling. During the pipe roof jacking process, after each section of steel pipe is completed, the pipe roof construction parameters need to be measured and checked. Based on the measurement data, adjust the parameters in a timely manner to ensure construction accuracy. After the hole is formed, check the hole formation effect. Only after it meets the design requirements and is approved by the supervisor can the next construction process proceed.

[0059] Step 4: Grouting of the pipe roof. After drilling, grouting pipes are installed at the ends. Cement grout is used to fill the steel pipes of the pipe roof with a water-cement ratio of 1:1. Grouting is carried out from one end, with the grouting port located at the top of the steel pipe. After the grout flows out of the outlet, the valve is closed, and then the grouting pressure is gradually increased. The grouting pressure is controlled between 0.8 and 1.0 MPa (adjusted according to the site conditions during construction). After the grouting pressure reaches the final pressure, the pressure is stabilized for 10 minutes before grouting is stopped.

[0060] Step 5: Sealing the hole. After grouting is completed, check all parameters. Once they are qualified, the hole can be sealed, the steel arch structure can be erected, and the construction is completed.

[0061] The reinforcement method proposed in this invention improves the physical and mechanical properties of weak (fractured) surrounding rock, enhances its self-bearing capacity, effectively inhibits surface subsidence, and provides a safe guarantee for the construction of the underpass railway tunnel.

[0062] Example

[0063] In this embodiment, the steps are as follows:

[0064] (1) First, the processing machinery for steel pipes, the construction of the pipe roof drilling rig operating platform, and the assembly and debugging of the drilling rig are carried out.

[0065] (2) Then measure and lay out the lines, and measure the center position and elevation of each pipe shed according to the design position;

[0066] (3) Then install measuring water pipes or sensors and install the impact drill inside the steel pipe of the pipe shed, and check various construction parameters;

[0067] (4) Immediately afterwards, the drilling rig was in place, the first section of steel pipe was installed, and the drilling rig was started to drill;

[0068] (5) After advancing 0.5m, check the construction parameters and continue drilling after adjustment;

[0069] (6) Next, the construction parameters of the pipe roof are measured and verified, and the hole formation effect is checked; then, the grouting pipe is buried at the end, and cement grout is used to fill the steel pipe of the pipe roof.

[0070] (7) Finally, check the grouting effect and seal the holes.

[0071] This invention solves the problem of surface settlement in railway tunnels. Its structure is simple, low-cost, easy to operate and master, effectively controlling surface settlement, reinforcing the strength of surrounding rock and soil, inhibiting rock loosening and collapse, and ensuring construction safety. While reducing construction costs, it also ensures the construction period. The structural design is reasonable and the concept is ingenious and novel, breaking with traditional methods and greatly enriching tunnel construction testing equipment, thus possessing extremely broad application value.

[0072] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A novel double-layer pipe roof reinforcement device, characterized in that, include: Pipe shed (1), located below the throat area of ​​the railway; An inner movable sleeve (5) is installed in the inner cavity of the pipe shed (1); The movable sleeve temporary connector (6) is set between two adjacent movable sleeves (5) inside the pipe, and is used to connect and fix multiple movable sleeves (5) inside the pipe into a circular sleeve. The outer wall of the pipe shed (1) is evenly provided with several reserved grouting holes (3) and multiple reserved steel nail protrusion holes (7). The movable sleeve (5) inside the tube includes several arc-shaped plates (51), and each arc-shaped plate (51) has an upward first bent hook-shaped part (52) at both ends. The movable sleeve temporary connector (6) has a second bending hook (61) that is bent inward on both the left and right sides and cooperates with the first bending hook (52). The first bending hook (52) and the second bending hook (61) cooperate to fix several arc plates (51) into a cylindrical sleeve. The outer wall of the movable sleeve (5) inside the tube is provided with steel nails (4) that correspond one-to-one with the reserved steel nail protrusion holes (7). One end of the steel nail (4) is connected to the movable sleeve (5), wherein a partition (41) is provided in the cavity to divide the hollow cavity into a first cavity (42) and a second cavity (43), and the tip of the steel nail (4) is provided with several through grooves (48). The first cavity (42) is provided with upper and lower sliding grooves (44), and a push plate (45) is slidably installed in the sliding grooves (44). A push rod (46) is provided on the push plate (45), and the push rod (46) extends through the partition (41) into the second cavity (43). Two fixing plates (412) are provided on the side of the partition (41) facing the second cavity (43). Two locking rods (49) are hinged on the fixing plates (412). When the locking rods (49) open outward, they can pass through the through groove (48). The push rod (46) is located between the two locking rods (49), and the top of the push rod (46) is movably connected to the two locking rods (45) respectively through the connecting rod (47).

2. The novel double-layer pipe roof reinforcement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pipe shed (1) is divided into two layers, upper and lower, and arranged in a plum blossom shape.

3. A novel double-layer pipe roof reinforcement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The push plate (45) has a number of insert rods (451) on the side facing the partition (41), and the partition (41) has a number of insertion holes (411) that match the insert rods (421).

4. A novel double-layer pipe roof reinforcement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The working principle of the reinforcement device is as follows: when grouting into the pipe shed (1), the temporary connecting part (6) of the movable sleeve is removed, the movable sleeve (5) inside the pipe is separated into several arc-shaped plates (51) and spreads to the surrounding area under the action of grouting pressure. The steel nail (4) will be inserted and fixed in the surrounding soil through the reserved steel nail protrusion hole (7). At the same time, the cement mortar overflowing from the grouting hole of the steel pipe will reinforce the surrounding soil.

5. The construction method of a novel double-layer pipe roof reinforcement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Construction preparation: processing steel pipes, erecting the pipe shed drilling rig operating platform, and debugging and assembling the drilling rig; Step 2: Measurement and layout: Measure the center position and elevation of each pipe roof according to the design location to control the drilling rig positioning and hole quality, ensuring the construction accuracy of the pipe roof; at the same time, install measuring water pipes or sensors and install the impact drilling tool inside the steel pipe of the pipe roof to check various construction parameters; Step 3: Hole Formation: Impact crushing and jacking of steel pipe. After the drilling rig is in place, the first section of steel pipe is installed, the drilling rig is started, and drilling is carried out. After advancing 0.5 m, the construction parameters are checked and adjusted. After adjustment, drilling continues. During the pipe roof jacking process, after each section of steel pipe is completed, the pipe roof construction parameters need to be measured and checked. Based on the measurement data, the parameters are adjusted in a timely manner to ensure construction accuracy. Step 4: Pipe Roof Grouting: After drilling, grouting pipes are installed at the ends. Cement grout is used to fill the steel pipes of the pipe roof with a water-cement ratio of 1:

1. Grouting is carried out from one end, with the grouting port located at the top of the steel pipe. After the grout flows out of the outlet, the valve is closed, and then the grouting pressure is gradually increased. The grouting pressure is controlled between 0.8 and 1.0 MPa. After the grouting pressure reaches the final pressure, the pressure is stabilized for 10 minutes and then grouting is stopped. Step 5: Sealing the hole: After grouting is completed, check all parameters. Once they are qualified, the hole can be sealed, the steel arch structure can be erected, and the construction is completed.

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