An electronic device

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, which may include an antenna structure, through which the first circuit of the antenna structure excites the CM mode at half wavelength, one wavelength, three-half wavelength, etc., and can also excite the DM mode at half wavelength, one wavelength, three-half wavelength, etc. The antenna structure can be made to work in the CM mode and in the DM mode, and the antenna structure has high isolation while still having multiple resonances and multiple modes, which greatly increases practicality. At the same time, since the antenna working in the CM mode and the antenna working in the DM mode share the same radiator, the volume of the antenna structure can also be effectively reduced.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on December 30, 2020, with application number 202011611722.2 and application name “An Electronic Device”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular to an electronic device. Background Art

[0003] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, the second generation (2G) mobile communication system mainly supports the call function in the past. Electronic devices are only tools for people to send and receive text messages and voice communication. The wireless Internet access function is extremely slow because data transmission uses voice channels. Nowadays, in addition to calls, text messages, and photos, electronic devices can also be used to listen to music online, watch online videos, and real-time videos, covering various applications in people's lives such as calls, film and television entertainment, and e-commerce. Among these, many functional applications require wireless networks to upload and download data. Therefore, high-speed data transmission has become extremely important.

[0004] As people's demand for high-speed data transmission increases, multi-input multi-output (MIMO) technology becomes particularly important. However, the very limited space inside electronic devices limits the frequency bands that MIMO antennas can cover and their high performance. As the fifth generation (5G) wireless communication system has an increasing demand for the number of antennas, sharing the radiator with antennas can significantly reuse space; at the same time, antenna design with high isolation and multiple frequency bands is becoming increasingly important. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides an electronic device, which may include an antenna structure, through which the first circuit of the antenna structure excites the CM mode with a half wavelength, a wavelength, and a three-half wavelength, and can also excite the DM mode with a half wavelength, a wavelength, and a three-half wavelength, etc. The antenna structure can be made to work in the CM mode and the DM mode, and the antenna structure still has multiple resonances and multiple modes with high isolation, which greatly increases the practicality.

[0006] In a first aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising: an antenna structure, the antenna structure comprising an antenna radiator, a first circuit, a first feeding unit and a second feeding unit; wherein the antenna radiator comprises a first feeding point and a second feeding point, the first feeding point and the second feeding point are respectively arranged on both sides of a virtual axis of the antenna radiator, and the first feeding point and the second feeding point are symmetrical along the virtual axis, and the electrical length of the antenna radiator on both sides of the virtual axis is the same; the first circuit comprises a first port, a second port, a third port and a fourth port, the first port and the second port are feeding output ports, and the third port and the fourth port are feeding input ports The feed input port is used to input the electrical signals of the first feed unit and the second feed unit, and the feed output port is used to feed the processed electrical signals to the antenna radiator; the first port is electrically connected to the first feeding point of the antenna radiator, and the second port is electrically connected to the second feeding point of the antenna radiator; the first feed unit is electrically connected to the third port and the fourth port, and the electrical signals of the first feed unit have the same phase at the third port and the fourth port; the second feed unit is electrically connected to the third port and the fourth port, and the electrical signals of the second feed unit have opposite phases at the third port and the fourth port.

[0007] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, by adding a first circuit to the antenna structure, the boundary conditions corresponding to the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and the boundary conditions corresponding to the M times wavelength mode can be made the same, and the current corresponding to the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and the current of the M times wavelength mode can take paths that are not accessible, thereby achieving matching of the two modes to expand the working bandwidth of the antenna structure. At the same time, the first feed unit and the second feed unit can respectively excite the DM mode and the CM mode of the antenna structure, so that in the same frequency band, the resonant frequency bands excited by the first feed unit and the second feed unit can maintain good isolation, further expanding the working bandwidth of the antenna structure.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, when the first feeding unit feeds power, the electrical signal of the first feeding unit passes through the first circuit and is fed into the antenna radiator through the first port and the second port of the first circuit; and when the second feeding unit feeds power, the electrical signal of the second feeding unit passes through the first circuit and is fed into the antenna radiator through the first port and the second port of the first circuit.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the antenna structure operates in at least one (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and at least one M times wavelength mode, where L and M are positive integers; an electrical signal corresponding to the at least one (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode in which the antenna structure operates and an electrical signal corresponding to the at least one M times wavelength mode have different paths in the first circuit.

[0010] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, since the first circuit is set, the current corresponding to the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and the current corresponding to the M times wavelength mode take different paths to respectively achieve matching of the two modes.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the antenna radiator is symmetrical with respect to the virtual axis.

[0012] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the virtual axis of the antenna radiator can be a virtual symmetry axis of the antenna radiator, and the antenna radiator is bilaterally symmetrical along the symmetry axis. For the antenna structure, the better the symmetry of the structure, the better the isolation between the resonant frequency bands excited by the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device also includes a first conductive member and a second conductive member; the antenna radiator includes a first radiator and a second radiator, and the first radiator and the second radiator are respectively arranged on both sides of the virtual axis; wherein the first end of the first radiator is opposite to the first end of the second radiator and does not contact each other, and forms a first gap; a second gap is formed between the second end of the first radiator and the first end of the first conductive member; and a third gap is formed between the second end of the second radiator and the first end of the second conductive member.

[0014] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first conductive member and the second conductive member are part of the floor, or the first end of the first conductive member and the first end of the second conductive member are both electrically connected to the floor.

[0015] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the first conductive member and the second conductive member are only taken as an example as part of the floor, and the present application does not limit this. In other embodiments of the present application, the first conductive member and the second conductive member can also be electrically connected to the floor at their first ends, for example, the first conductive member and the second conductive member are used as radiators of other antenna structures, and it should be understood that the first end is electrically connected to the floor, including being electrically connected to the floor at the end, and also including being electrically connected to the floor at a grounding point near the end on the conductive member.

[0016] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first circuit includes a first inductor, a second inductor, a third inductor and a fourth inductor; wherein the first inductor is connected in series between the first port and the third port; the third inductor is connected in series between the second port and the fourth port; the second inductor is arranged between the first inductor and the first port and connected to the ground in parallel; the fourth inductor is arranged between the third inductor and the second port and connected to the ground in parallel.

[0017] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, through the parallel-series inductance in the first circuit, the current corresponding to the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and the current corresponding to the M times wavelength mode take different paths respectively, so as to achieve matching of the two modes respectively.

[0018] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the inductance value of the first inductor is the same as the inductance value of the third inductor, and the inductance value of the second inductor is the same as the inductance value of the fourth inductor.

[0019] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the electronic component arranged between the first port and the third port and the electronic component arranged between the second port and the fourth port are symmetrical to each other.

[0020] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the antenna structure generates a first resonance through the antenna radiator, the second inductor, the fourth inductor, the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit; the antenna structure generates a second resonance through the antenna radiator, the first inductor, the third inductor, the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit.

[0021] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first resonance corresponds to the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode of the antenna structure; the second resonance corresponds to the M times wavelength mode of the antenna structure, and L and M are positive integers.

[0022] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the boundary conditions corresponding to the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and the boundary conditions corresponding to the M times wavelength mode are the same, and the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and the M times wavelength mode can be matched respectively. The same boundary conditions can be considered to mean that the corresponding impedances are the same. Therefore, matching of the two modes can be achieved.

[0023] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device also includes a first conductive part and a second conductive part; the antenna radiator is a complete metal part, one end of the antenna radiator forms a first gap with the first end of the first conductive part, and the other end of the antenna radiator forms a second gap with the first end of the second conductive part.

[0024] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device also includes a floor, the first conductive member and the second conductive member are part of the floor, or the first end of the first conductive member and the first end of the second conductive member are both electrically connected to the floor.

[0025] This application only takes the first conductive member and the second conductive member as part of the floor as an example, and this application does not limit this. In other embodiments of this application, the first conductive member and the second conductive member may also be electrically connected to the floor at their first ends, for example, the first conductive member and the second conductive member are used as radiators of other antenna structures, and it should be understood that the first end being electrically connected to the floor includes being electrically connected to the floor at the end, and also includes being electrically connected to the floor at a grounding point on the conductive member near the end.

[0026] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the antenna radiator is a complete metal part, and the antenna radiator is a linear antenna radiator.

[0027] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device also includes a floor: the antenna radiator includes a first radiator and a second radiator, and the first radiator and the second radiator are respectively arranged on both sides of the virtual axis; wherein the first end of the first radiator is opposite to the first end of the second radiator and does not contact each other, and forms a first gap; the second end of the first radiator is electrically connected to the floor; the second end of the second radiator is electrically connected to the floor.

[0028] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first circuit includes a first capacitor, a second capacitor and a third capacitor; wherein the first capacitor is connected in series between the first port and the third port; the second capacitor is connected in series between the second port and the fourth port; the first end of the third capacitor is arranged between the first capacitor and the first port, and the second end of the third capacitor is arranged between the second capacitor and the second port.

[0029] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, through the parallel-series capacitors in the first circuit, the current corresponding to the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and the current corresponding to the M times wavelength mode take different paths respectively, so as to achieve matching of the two modes respectively.

[0030] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the capacitance values ​​of the first capacitor and the second capacitor are the same.

[0031] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the electronic component arranged between the first port and the third port and the electronic component arranged between the second port and the fourth port are symmetrical to each other.

[0032] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the antenna structure generates a first resonance through the antenna radiator, the first capacitor, the second capacitor, the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit; the antenna structure generates a second resonance through the antenna radiator, the third capacitor, the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit.

[0033] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first resonance corresponds to the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode of the antenna structure; the second resonance corresponds to the M times wavelength mode of the antenna structure, and L and M are positive integers.

[0034] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the boundary conditions corresponding to the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and the boundary conditions corresponding to the M times wavelength mode are the same, and the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and the M times wavelength mode can be matched respectively. The same boundary conditions can be considered to mean that the corresponding impedances are the same. Therefore, matching of the two modes can be achieved.

[0035] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes a 180° directional coupler; wherein the 180° directional coupler is arranged between the first circuit and the first feed unit and the second feed unit; the 180° directional coupler is used to make the phases of the electrical signal of the first feed unit at the third port and the fourth port of the first circuit the same; the 180° directional coupler is also used to make the phases of the electrical signal of the second feed unit at the third port and the fourth port of the first circuit opposite.

[0036] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the 180° directional coupler 240 is only a technical means to realize that the phase of the electrical signal of the feeding unit is the same or opposite between the third port 123 and the fourth port 124. In actual production or design, it can also be realized by other technical means, such as a balun, or a 180° coupler, or a combination of a 90° coupler and a phase shift network, etc. The present application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0037] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device also includes a first matching network and a second matching network; wherein the first matching network is arranged between the first feeding unit and the 180° directional coupler, for matching the impedance of the first feeding unit; and the second matching network is arranged between the second feeding unit and the 180° directional coupler, for matching the impedance of the second feeding unit.

[0038] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the first matching network is used to match the impedance of the first feed unit, and the electrical signal in the first feed unit can be matched with the characteristics of the radiator, so that the transmission loss and distortion of the electrical signal are reduced to a minimum. The second matching network is used to match the impedance of the second feed unit, and the electrical signal in the second feed unit can be matched with the characteristics of the radiator, so that the transmission loss and distortion of the electrical signal are reduced to a minimum.

[0039] In a second aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising: an antenna structure, the antenna structure comprising an antenna radiator, a first circuit and a feeding unit; wherein the antenna radiator comprises a first feeding point and a second feeding point, the first feeding point and the second feeding point are respectively arranged on both sides of a virtual axis of the antenna radiator, and the first feeding point and the second feeding point are symmetrical along the virtual axis, and the electrical length of the antenna radiator on both sides of the virtual axis is the same; the first circuit comprises a first port, a second port, a third port and a fourth port, the first port and the second port are feeding output ports, the third port and the fourth port are feeding input ports, the feeding input port is used to input an electrical signal of the feeding unit, and the feeding output port is used to feed a processed electrical signal to the antenna radiator; the first port is electrically connected to the first feeding point of the antenna radiator, and the second port is electrically connected to the second feeding point of the antenna radiator; the feeding unit is electrically connected to the third port and the fourth port, wherein the electrical signal of the feeding unit has the same phase at the third port and the fourth port, or the electrical signal of the feeding unit has opposite phase at the third port and the fourth port.

[0040] In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the antenna structure operates in at least one (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and at least one M times wavelength mode, where L and M are positive integers; the antenna structure operates on an electrical signal corresponding to the at least one (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and an electrical signal corresponding to the at least one M times wavelength mode, and the paths of the electrical signal in the first circuit are different.

[0041] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the antenna radiator is symmetrical with respect to the virtual axis.

[0042] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the electronic device also includes a first conductive member and a second conductive member: the antenna radiator includes a first radiator and a second radiator, and the first radiator and the second radiator are symmetrical along the virtual axis; wherein the first end of the first radiator is opposite to the first end of the second radiator and does not contact each other, and forms a first gap; a second gap is formed between the second end of the first radiator and the first end of the first conductive member; and a third gap is formed between the second end of the second radiator and the first end of the second conductive member.

[0043] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the electronic device also includes a floor: the first conductive member and the second conductive member are part of the floor, or the first end of the first conductive member and the first end of the second conductive member are both electrically connected to the floor.

[0044] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first circuit includes a first inductor, a second inductor, a third inductor and a fourth inductor; wherein the first inductor is connected in series between the first port and the third port; the third inductor is connected in series between the second port and the fourth port; the second inductor is arranged between the first inductor and the first port and connected to the ground in parallel; the fourth inductor is arranged between the third inductor and the second port and connected to the ground in parallel.

[0045] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the inductance value of the first inductor is the same as the inductance value of the third inductor, and the inductance value of the second inductor is the same as the inductance value of the fourth inductor.

[0046] In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the antenna structure generates a first resonance through the antenna radiator, the second inductor, the fourth inductor, and the feeding unit; the antenna structure generates a second resonance through the antenna radiator, the first inductor, the third inductor, and the feeding unit.

[0047] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first resonance corresponds to the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode of the antenna structure; the second resonance corresponds to the M times wavelength mode of the antenna structure, and L and M are positive integers.

[0048] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the electronic device also includes a floor: the antenna radiator includes a first radiator and a second radiator, and the first radiator and the second radiator are respectively arranged on both sides of the virtual axis; wherein the first end of the first radiator is opposite to the first end of the second radiator and does not contact each other, and forms a first gap; the second end of the first radiator is electrically connected to the floor; the second end of the second radiator is electrically connected to the floor.

[0049] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first circuit includes a first capacitor, a second capacitor and a third capacitor; wherein the first capacitor is connected in series between the first port and the third port; the second capacitor is connected in series between the second port and the fourth port; the first end of the third capacitor is arranged between the first capacitor and the first port, and the second end of the third capacitor is arranged between the second capacitor and the second port.

[0050] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the capacitance values ​​of the first capacitor and the second capacitor are the same.

[0051] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the antenna structure generates a first resonance through the antenna radiator, the first capacitor, the second capacitor, and the feeding unit; the antenna structure generates a second resonance through the antenna radiator, the third capacitor, and the feeding unit.

[0052] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first resonance corresponds to the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode of the antenna structure; the second resonance corresponds to the M times wavelength mode of the antenna structure, and L and M are positive integers.

[0053] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the electronic device further includes a 180° directional coupler; wherein the 180° directional coupler is arranged between the first circuit and the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit; the 180° directional coupler is used to make the phases of the electrical signal of the first feeding unit at the third port and the fourth port of the first circuit the same; the 180° directional coupler is also used to make the phases of the electrical signal of the second feeding unit at the third port and the fourth port of the first circuit opposite. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0055] Figure 2It is the structure of the common mode mode of the wire antenna provided by this application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution diagram.

[0056] Figure 3 It is the structure of the differential mode of the wire antenna provided by the present application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution diagram.

[0057] Figure 4 This is the structure of the common mode of the slot antenna provided by the present application and the corresponding distribution diagram of current, electric field and magnetic current.

[0058] Figure 5 This is the structure of the differential mode of the slot antenna provided by the present application and the corresponding distribution diagram of current, electric field and magnetic current.

[0059] Figure 6 This is a current intensity point distribution diagram of a slot antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0060] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a slot antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0061] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of another slot antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0062] Fig. 9 yes Figure 7 S-parameter simulation results of the antenna structure shown.

[0063] Fig.10 yes Figure 7 Smith simulation results of the antenna structure shown.

[0064] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0065] Fig.12 yes Fig.11 The S-parameter simulation results of the antenna structure are shown.

[0066] Fig.13 yes Fig.11 The simulation results of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna structure are shown.

[0067] Fig.14 yes Fig.11 The antenna structure shown is a schematic diagram of current distribution at various resonance points.

[0068] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of a slot antenna with open ends provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0069] Fig.16It is a schematic diagram of another slot antenna with open ends provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0070] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0071] Fig.18 yes Fig.17 The S-parameter simulation results of the antenna structure are shown.

[0072] Fig.19 yes Fig.17 The simulation results of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna structure are shown.

[0073] Fig. 20 It is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0074] Fig.21 yes Fig. 20 The S-parameter simulation results of the antenna structure are shown.

[0075] Fig. 22 yes Fig. 20 The isolation simulation results of the antenna structure shown in the figure.

[0076] Fig.23 yes Fig. 20 The simulation results of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna structure are shown.

[0077] Fig.24 It is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0078] Fig.25 yes Fig.24 The S-parameter simulation results of the antenna structure are shown.

[0079] Fig.26 yes Fig.24 The isolation simulation results of the antenna structure shown in the figure.

[0080] Fig. 27 yes Fig.24 The simulation results of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna structure are shown.

[0081] Fig.28 It is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0082] Fig.29 yes Fig.28 The S-parameter simulation results of the antenna structure are shown.

[0083] Fig.30 yes Fig.28 The isolation simulation results of the antenna structure shown in the figure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0084] The technical solution in this application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0085] It should be understood that in this application, "electrical connection" can be understood as the physical contact and electrical conduction of components; it can also be understood as the form in which different components in the circuit structure are connected through physical lines such as printed circuit board (PCB) copper foil or wires that can transmit electrical signals. "Communication connection" can refer to electrical signal transmission, including wireless communication connection and wired communication connection. Wireless communication connection does not require a physical medium and does not belong to a connection relationship that limits the product structure. "Connection" and "connected" can both refer to a mechanical connection relationship or a physical connection relationship. For example, A is connected to B or A is connected to B, which can mean that there is a fastening component (such as screws, bolts, rivets, etc.) between A and B, or A and B are in contact with each other and A and B are difficult to separate.

[0086] The technical solution provided in this application is applicable to electronic devices that adopt one or more of the following communication technologies: Bluetooth (blue tooth, BT) communication technology, global positioning system (global positioning system, GPS) communication technology, wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, WiFi) communication technology, global system for mobile communications (global system for mobile communications, GSM) communication technology, wideband code division multiple access (wideband code division multiple access, WCDMA) communication technology, long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE) communication technology, 5G communication technology and other future communication technologies, etc. The electronic device in the embodiment of this application can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a smart bracelet, a smart watch, a smart helmet, smart glasses, etc. The electronic device may also be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handheld device with wireless communication capabilities, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, a vehicle-mounted device, an electronic device in a 5G network, or an electronic device in a future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN), etc., and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.

[0087] Figure 1 The internal environment of the electronic device provided in the present application is exemplified, with the electronic device being a mobile phone for illustration.

[0088] like Figure 1 As shown, the electronic device 10 may include: a cover glass 13 , a display 15 , a printed circuit board (PCB) 17 , a housing 19 and a rear cover 21 .

[0089] The glass cover plate 13 may be disposed close to the display screen 15 , and may be mainly used to protect the display screen 15 from dust.

[0090] In one embodiment, the display screen 15 may be a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) or an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), etc., and the present application does not impose any limitation on this.

[0091] Among them, the printed circuit board PCB17 can adopt a flame retardant material (FR-4) dielectric board, a Rogers dielectric board, a mixed dielectric board of Rogers and FR-4, and so on. Here, FR-4 is a code for a flame retardant material grade, and Rogers dielectric board is a high-frequency board. A metal layer can be set on the side of the printed circuit board PCB17 close to the middle frame 19, and the metal layer can be formed by etching metal on the surface of PCB17. The metal layer can be used for grounding the electronic components carried on the printed circuit board PCB17 to prevent the user from electric shock or damage to the equipment. The metal layer can be called a PCB floor. Not limited to the PCB floor, the electronic device 10 can also have other floors for grounding, such as a metal middle frame or other metal planes in the electronic device. In addition, a plurality of electronic components are arranged on the PCB17, and the plurality of electronic components include one or more of a processor, a power management module, a memory, a sensor, a SIM card interface, etc., and metal is also arranged inside or on the surface of these electronic components.

[0092] The electronic device 10 may further include a battery, which is not shown here. The battery may be disposed in the middle frame 19, and the battery may divide the PCB 17 into a main board and a sub-board. The main board may be disposed between the frame 11 of the middle frame 19 and the upper edge of the battery, and the sub-board may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the lower edge of the battery. A metal layer may also be disposed inside or on the surface of the battery.

[0093] Among them, the middle frame 19 mainly plays a supporting role for the whole machine. The middle frame 19 may include a frame 11, and the frame 11 may be formed of a conductive material such as metal. The frame 11 may extend around the periphery of the electronic device 10 and the display screen 15. The frame 11 may specifically surround the four sides of the display screen 15 to help fix the display screen 15. In one implementation, the frame 11 made of a metal material may be directly used as a metal frame of the electronic device 10, forming the appearance of a metal frame, which is suitable for a metal industrial design (industrial design, ID). In another implementation, the outer surface of the frame 11 may also be a non-metallic material, such as a plastic frame, to form the appearance of a non-metallic frame, which is suitable for a non-metallic ID.

[0094] The back cover 21 may be a back cover made of a metal material, or a back cover made of a non-conductive material, such as a glass back cover, a plastic back cover or other non-metal back cover.

[0095] Figure 1 Only some components of the electronic device 10 are schematically shown, and the actual shapes, sizes and structures of these components are not subject to the present invention. Figure 1 In addition, the electronic device 10 may also include devices such as a camera and a sensor.

[0096] First, by Figures 2 to 5 To introduce this application, four antenna modes will be involved. Among them, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the common mode structure of a wire antenna provided by the present application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the differential mode of another wire antenna provided in the present application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the common mode structure of a slot antenna provided in the present application and the corresponding distribution of current, electric field, and magnetic current. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the differential mode of another slot antenna provided in the present application and the corresponding distribution of current, electric field and magnetic current.

[0097] 1. Common mode (CM) mode of wire antenna

[0098] Figure 2(a) in the figure shows that the radiator of the wire antenna 40 is connected to the ground (for example, the floor, which can be a PCB) through a feed line 42. The wire antenna 40 is connected to a feeding unit (not shown) at the middle position 41, and symmetrical feeding is adopted. The feeding unit can be connected to the middle position 41 of the wire antenna 40 through a feed line 42. It should be understood that symmetrical feeding can be understood as one end of the feeding unit is connected to the radiator and the other end is grounded, wherein the connection point (feeding point) between the feeding unit and the radiator is located at the center of the radiator, and the center of the radiator can be, for example, the midpoint of the collective structure, or the midpoint of the electrical length (or an area within a certain range near the above midpoint).

[0099] The middle position 41 of the linear antenna 40 , for example, the middle position 41 may be the geometric center of the linear antenna, or the midpoint of the electrical length of the radiator, for example, the connection between the feed line 42 and the linear antenna 40 covers the middle position 41 .

[0100] Figure 2 (b) in FIG. 4 shows the current and electric field distribution of the wire antenna 40. Figure 2 As shown in (b), the current is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the middle position 41, for example, distributed in opposite directions; the electric field is distributed in the same direction on both sides of the middle position 41. Figure 2 As shown in (b) in FIG. 4 , the current at the feeder 42 is distributed in the same direction. Based on the current distribution in the feeder 42, Figure 2 The feeding shown in (a) of FIG. 4 is called CM feeding of a wire antenna. Based on the symmetrical distribution of the current on both sides of the connection between the radiator and the feeder line 42, Figure 2 The wire antenna mode shown in (b) can be called the CM mode of the wire antenna (also referred to as CM wire antenna for short). Figure 2 The current and electric field shown in (b) can be respectively called the current and electric field of the CM mode of the wire antenna.

[0101] The current and electric field of the CM mode of the wire antenna are generated by the two branches (e.g., two horizontal branches) on both sides of the middle position 41 of the wire antenna 40 as an antenna operating in the quarter-wavelength mode. The current is strong at the middle position 41 of the wire antenna 40 and weak at both ends of the wire antenna. The electric field is weak at the middle position 41 of the wire antenna 40 and strong at both ends of the wire antenna 40.

[0102] 2. Differential mode (DM) of wire antenna

[0103] like Figure 3(a) in the figure shows that two radiators of the wire antenna 50 are connected to the ground (e.g., floor, which may be a PCB) through a feed line 52. The wire antenna 50 is connected to a feed unit at a middle position 51 between the two radiators, and anti-symmetrical feed is adopted. One end of the feed unit is connected to one of the radiators through a feed line 52, and the other end of the feed unit is connected to the other radiator through a feed line 52. The middle position 51 may be the geometric center of the wire antenna, or a gap formed between the radiators.

[0104] It should be understood that antisymmetric feeding can be understood as that the positive and negative poles of the feeding unit are respectively connected to the two ends of the radiator. The positive and negative poles of the feeding unit output signals with the same amplitude and opposite phases, for example, a phase difference of 180°±10°.

[0105] Figure 3 (b) shows the current and electric field distribution of the wire antenna 50. Figure 3 As shown in (b), the current is distributed asymmetrically on both sides of the middle position 51 of the wire antenna 50, for example, distributed in the same direction; and the electric field is distributed in opposite directions on both sides of the middle position 51. Figure 3 As shown in (b) in FIG. 5 , the current at the feeder 52 presents a reverse distribution. Based on the reverse distribution of the current at the feeder 52, Figure 3 The feeding shown in (a) in FIG. 5 is referred to as DM feeding of a linear antenna. Based on the asymmetric distribution (eg, unidirectional distribution) of the current on both sides of the connection between the radiator and the feed line 52, Figure 3 The linear antenna pattern shown in (b) can be called a DM pattern of a linear antenna (also referred to as a DM linear antenna for short). Figure 3 The current and electric field shown in (b) can be respectively called the current and electric field of the DM mode of the wire antenna.

[0106] The current and electric field of the DM mode of the wire antenna are generated by the entire wire antenna 50 as an antenna operating in the half-wavelength mode. The current is strong at the middle position 51 of the wire antenna 50 and weak at both ends of the wire antenna 50. The electric field is weak at the middle position 51 of the wire antenna 50 and strong at both ends of the wire antenna 50.

[0107] It should be understood that the radiator of the wire antenna can be understood as a metal structure that generates radiation, and the number of the radiator can be one, such as Figure 2 As shown, or, it can be two pieces, such as Figure 3 As shown, it can be adjusted according to actual design or production needs. For example, for the CM mode of the wire antenna, it can also be Figure 3As shown in the figure, two radiators are used, and the two ends of the two radiators are arranged opposite to each other and separated by a gap. A symmetrical feeding method is adopted at the two ends close to each other. For example, the same feed source signal is fed into the two ends close to each other, and the same Figure 2 The effect is similar to that of the antenna structure shown in FIG. Correspondingly, for the DM mode of the wire antenna, it can also be Figure 2 As shown in the figure, a radiator is used, two feeding points are set at the middle position of the radiator and an antisymmetric feeding method is adopted. For example, if two symmetrical feeding points on the radiator are fed with signals with the same amplitude and opposite phases respectively, the same power supply as in the embodiment of the present invention can be obtained. Figure 3 The antenna structure shown has a similar effect.

[0108] 3. CM mode of slot antenna

[0109] Figure 4 The slot antenna 60 shown in (a) may be formed by a hollowed-out slot or slot 61 in the radiator of the slot antenna, or may be formed by the radiator of the slot antenna and the ground (e.g., the floor, which may be a PCB) enclosing the slot or slot 61. The slot 61 may be formed by making a slot on the floor. An opening 62 is provided on one side of the slot 61, and the opening 62 may be specifically opened in the middle position of the side. The middle position of the side of the slot 61 may be, for example, the geometric midpoint of the slot antenna, or the midpoint of the electrical length of the radiator, for example, the area where the opening 62 is opened on the radiator covers the middle position of the side. A feeding unit may be connected at the opening 62, and antisymmetric feeding may be adopted. It should be understood that antisymmetric feeding may be understood as the positive and negative poles of the feeding unit being respectively connected to the two ends of the radiator. The signals output by the positive and negative poles of the feeding unit have the same amplitude and opposite phases, for example, the phase difference is 180°±10°.

[0110] Figure 4 (b) in FIG. 6 shows the current, electric field, and magnetic current distribution of the slot antenna 60. Figure 4 As shown in (b), the current on the conductor (such as the floor, and / or the radiator 60) around the gap 61 is distributed in the same direction around the gap 61, the electric field is distributed in opposite directions on both sides of the middle position of the gap 61, and the magnetic current is distributed in opposite directions on both sides of the middle position of the gap 61. Figure 4 As shown in (b), the electric field at the opening 62 (e.g., the feeding point) is in the same direction, and the magnetic current at the opening 62 (e.g., the feeding point) is in the same direction. Based on the same direction of the magnetic current at the opening 62 (the feeding point), Figure 4 The feeding shown in (a) of FIG. 6 is referred to as slot antenna CM feeding. Based on the asymmetric distribution (e.g., unidirectional distribution) of the current on the radiators on both sides of the opening 62, or the unidirectional distribution of the current on the conductor around the slot 61 around the slot 61, Figure 4The slot antenna mode shown in (b) can be called the CM mode of the slot antenna (also referred to as CM slot antenna or CM slot antenna for short). Figure 4 The electric field, current, and magnetic current distribution shown in (b) can be called the electric field, current, and magnetic current of the CM mode of the slot antenna.

[0111] The current and electric field of the CM mode of the slot antenna are generated by the slot antenna bodies on both sides of the middle position of the slot antenna 60 as antennas operating in the half-wavelength mode. The magnetic field is weak at the middle position of the slot antenna 60 and strong at both ends of the slot antenna 60. The electric field is strong at the middle position of the slot antenna 60 and weak at both ends of the slot antenna 60.

[0112] 4. DM mode of slot antenna

[0113] like Figure 5 The slot antenna 70 shown in (a) may be formed by a hollow groove or slot 72 in the radiator of the slot antenna, or may be formed by the radiator of the slot antenna and the ground (for example, the floor, which may be a PCB) enclosing the groove or slot 72. The slot 72 may be formed by making a groove on the floor. The middle position 71 of the slot 72 is connected to the feeding unit, and symmetrical feeding is adopted. It should be understood that symmetrical feeding can be understood as one end of the feeding unit is connected to the radiator and the other end is grounded, wherein the connection point (feeding point) between the feeding unit and the radiator is located at the center of the radiator, and the center of the radiator may be, for example, the midpoint of the collective structure, or the midpoint of the electrical length (or an area within a certain range near the above midpoint). The middle position of one side of the slot 72 is connected to the positive pole of the feeding unit, and the middle position of the other side of the slot 72 is connected to the negative pole of the feeding unit. The middle position of the side of the slot 72 can be, for example, the middle position of the slot antenna 60 / the middle position of the ground, such as the geometric midpoint of the slot antenna, or the midpoint of the electrical length of the radiator, such as the connection between the feed unit and the radiator covering the middle position 51 of the side.

[0114] Figure 5 (b) shows the current, electric field, and magnetic current distribution of the slot antenna 70. Figure 5 As shown in (b), on the conductor (such as the floor, and / or the radiator 60) around the gap 72, the current is distributed around the gap 72, and is distributed in opposite directions on both sides of the middle position of the gap 72, the electric field is distributed in the same direction on both sides of the middle position 71, and the magnetic current is distributed in the same direction on both sides of the middle position 71. The magnetic current at the feeding unit is distributed in opposite directions (not shown). Based on the magnetic current at the feeding unit being distributed in opposite directions, Figure 5The feeding shown in (a) in FIG. 1 may be referred to as slot antenna DM feeding. Based on the symmetrical distribution (e.g., reverse distribution) of the current on both sides of the connection between the feeding unit and the radiator, or based on the symmetrical distribution (e.g., reverse distribution) of the current around the slot 72, Figure 5 The slot antenna pattern shown in (b) can be called the DM mode of the slot antenna (also referred to as DM slot antenna or DM slot antenna for short). Figure 5 The distribution of electric field, current and magnetic current shown in (b) can be called the electric field, current and magnetic current of the DM mode of the slot antenna.

[0115] The current and electric field of the DM mode of the slot antenna are generated by the entire slot antenna 70 as an antenna operating in a one-wavelength mode. The current is weak in the middle of the slot antenna 70 and strong at both ends of the slot antenna 70. The electric field is strong in the middle of the slot antenna 70 and weak at both ends of the slot antenna 70.

[0116] In the field of antennas, antennas working in CM mode and DM mode usually have high isolation, and the frequency bands of CM mode and DM mode antennas are usually single-mode resonance, which makes it difficult to cover the many frequency bands required for communication. In particular, the space left for antenna structures in electronic devices is decreasing. For MIMO systems, a single antenna structure is required to achieve multiple frequency band coverage. Therefore, antennas with multi-mode resonance and high isolation have high research and practical value.

[0117] It should be understood that the radiator of the slot antenna can be understood as a metal structure that generates radiation (for example, a part of the floor), which may include an opening, such as Figure 4 As shown, or, it can also be a complete ring, such as Figure 5 As shown, it can be adjusted according to actual design or production needs. For example, for the CM mode of the slot antenna, it can also be Figure 5 As shown in the figure, a complete annular radiator is used, two feeding points are set at the middle position of the radiator on one side of the slot 61, and an anti-symmetric feeding method is adopted. For example, signals with the same amplitude and opposite phases are fed into the two ends of the original opening position, and the same Figure 4 The effect is similar to the antenna structure shown in FIG. Correspondingly, for the DM mode of the slot antenna, it can also be Figure 4 The radiator with an opening is shown in the figure, and a symmetrical feeding method is adopted at both ends of the opening. For example, the same feed source signal is fed into both ends of the radiator on both sides of the opening, and the same Figure 5 The antenna structure shown has a similar effect.

[0118] The present application provides an electronic device, which may include an antenna structure, through which the first circuit of the antenna structure excites the CM mode with a half wavelength, a wavelength, and a three-half wavelength, and can also excite the DM mode with a half wavelength, a wavelength, and a three-half wavelength. The antenna structure can be made to work in the CM mode and the DM mode, and the antenna structure has high isolation while still having multiple resonances and multiple modes, which greatly increases the practicality. At the same time, since the antenna working in the CM mode and the antenna working in the DM mode share the same radiator, the volume of the antenna structure can also be effectively reduced.

[0119] Figure 6 This is a current intensity point distribution diagram of a slot antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0120] like Figure 6 (a) in the figure shows the current distribution of the slot antenna working in the half-wavelength mode. The slot antenna adopts antisymmetric feeding, and its current strong point is located in the area where the feeding unit is located. For the radiator, it has multiple modes that can be excited. As long as its input impedance is consistent with the impedance of the excitation source, its corresponding mode can be excited. Therefore, when the excitation source adopts Figure 6 The input impedance corresponding to the current distribution shown in (a) can excite the half-wavelength mode of the slot antenna, and can then excite the (N-1 / 2) wavelength mode of the slot antenna, where N is a positive integer. For a slot antenna or a wire antenna, its (N-1 / 2) wavelength mode can be considered to be that the wavelength corresponding to the resonance generated by the antenna structure in this mode is approximately (N-1 / 2) times the electrical length of the radiator in the antenna structure. It should be understood that approximately (N-1 / 2) times means that due to the operating environment of the antenna structure and the setting of the matching circuit, etc., the relationship between the wavelength corresponding to the resonance generated in the (N-1 / 2) wavelength mode and the electrical length of the radiator may not be strictly (N-1 / 2) times, but a certain error is allowed. In addition, the antenna structure has (N-1 / 2) / (1 / 2) current zero points in the (N-1 / 2) wavelength mode, which will be discussed below. Fig.14 A detailed description is given and no further elaboration is given here.

[0121] It should be understood that antisymmetric feeding can be understood as that the positive and negative poles of the feeding unit are respectively connected to the two ends of the radiator. The positive and negative poles of the feeding unit output signals with the same amplitude and opposite phases, for example, a phase difference of 180°±10°.

[0122] like Figure 6 (b) shows the current distribution of the slot antenna working in the one-wavelength mode. The slot antenna adopts symmetrical feeding, and its current strong points are located on both sides of the slot. Figure 6The input impedance corresponding to the current distribution shown in (b) in the figure can excite the 1 times wavelength mode of the slot antenna, and can then excite the N times wavelength mode of the slot antenna, where N is a positive integer. For a slot antenna or a wire antenna, its N times wavelength mode can be considered to be that the wavelength corresponding to the resonance generated by the antenna structure in this mode is approximately N times the electrical length of the radiator in the antenna structure. It should be understood that approximately N times means that due to the operating environment of the antenna structure and the setting of the matching circuit, etc., the relationship between the wavelength corresponding to the resonance generated in the N times wavelength mode and the electrical length of the radiator may not be strictly N times, but a certain error is allowed. In addition, the antenna structure has N / (1 / 2) current zero points in the N wavelength mode, which will be discussed below. Fig.14 A detailed description is given and no further elaboration is given here.

[0123] It should be understood that symmetrical feeding can be understood as one end of the feeding unit being connected to the radiator and the other end being grounded, wherein the connection point between the feeding unit and the radiator (feeding point) is located at the center of the radiator. The center of the radiator can be, for example, the midpoint of the collective structure, or the midpoint of the electrical length (or an area within a certain range near the above midpoint).

[0124] Therefore, for Figure 6 For the slot antenna shown in (a), its N-times wavelength mode is not excited. When the slot antenna works in the half-wavelength mode, the current strong point corresponding to the 1-times wavelength mode is the current weak point, and vice versa. For the impedance of the N-times wavelength mode and the impedance of the (N-1 / 2) wavelength mode, the (N-1 / 2) wavelength mode corresponds to high impedance and the N-times wavelength mode corresponds to low impedance, which makes it difficult to match the two modes at the same time, or in other words, they cannot be excited at the same time.

[0125] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a slot antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0126] like Figure 7 As shown, a circuit 20 is added between the feed unit and the radiator, so that the current corresponding to the (N-1 / 2) wavelength mode and the current of the N times wavelength mode take paths that are blocked, respectively, to achieve matching of the two modes. The circuit 20 may be a filter circuit, a matching circuit, or other forms of circuits, or a combination of these circuits, and the present application does not limit this.

[0127] like Figure 7As shown, the slot antenna adopts antisymmetric feeding. From the input impedance of the antisymmetric feeding, the impedance of the half wavelength mode is high impedance, and the impedance of the one wavelength mode is low impedance. The impedance of the half wavelength mode is often opposite to the impedance of the one wavelength mode. It should be understood that for the half wavelength mode and the one wavelength mode, the boundary conditions of the two are different (the impedance is opposite). In order to ensure that the half wavelength mode and the one wavelength mode are excited in the same antenna, the circuit 20 is required to make the boundary conditions of the half wavelength mode and the one wavelength mode the same, for example, both are high impedance or both are low impedance. The series capacitor 31 can match the half wavelength mode, so that the current of this mode goes through the capacitor 31 connected in series with the feeding unit, and the parallel capacitor 22 can match the one wavelength mode, so that the current of this mode goes through the capacitor 22 connected in parallel with the feeding unit. For example, the radiator, feed unit and series capacitor 31 of the slot antenna produce a first resonance, corresponding to a half-wavelength mode, in which the current has a zero point; for another example, the radiator, feed unit and parallel capacitor 22 of the slot antenna produce a second resonance, corresponding to a one-time wavelength mode, in which the current has two zero points. It should be understood that the above-mentioned capacitors match the corresponding modes in order to change the current path of the electrical signal of the corresponding mode. Therefore, the circuit 20 can match multiple modes of the slot antenna, thereby achieving multi-resonance to expand the bandwidth of the antenna.

[0128] It should be understood that Figure 7 The circuit 20 shown in the figure is only for illustration. The circuit 20 is used to make the current paths of the half-wavelength mode and the one-time wavelength mode different, so that the boundary conditions corresponding to the half-wavelength mode and the one-time wavelength mode are the same. At the same time, electronic components can be added to the circuit 20 to change the equivalent electrical length of the radiator to achieve fine-tuning of the resonant frequency, such as Figure 8 As shown, the present application does not impose any limitation on this and can be adjusted according to actual production or design.

[0129] Fig. 9 and Fig.10 yes Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the simulation results of the antenna structure shown. Fig. 9 yes Figure 7 S-parameter simulation results of the antenna structure shown. Fig.10 yes Figure 7 Smith simulation results of the antenna structure shown.

[0130] like Fig. 9 As shown, the antenna structure generates resonances at frequencies of 2.17 GHz and 3.93 GHz, which correspond to the half-wavelength mode and the one-wavelength mode of the antenna structure, respectively, so that the antenna structure can generate multiple resonances.

[0131] like Fig.10 As shown, due to the circuit configuration, good matching can be achieved between the half wavelength mode and the one wavelength mode of the antenna structure.

[0132] It should be understood that for an antenna structure without adding a circuit, the current path of its half-wavelength mode is a series capacitor, and the feeding point is a large electric field, and the current path of the one-time wavelength mode is a parallel capacitor, and the feeding point is a large current. The circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application changes the boundary conditions corresponding to the (N-1 / 2) wavelength mode and / or the N-times wavelength mode so that the boundary conditions of the two are the same, for example, both are high impedance or both are low impedance, and both can be excited. Therefore, the circuit provided in the present application can make the antenna structure match the half-wavelength mode and the one-times wavelength mode to produce multiple resonances.

[0133] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0134] like Fig.11 As shown, the antenna structure may include an antenna radiator 110 , a first circuit 120 and a feeding unit 130 .

[0135] Among them, the electrical lengths of the antenna radiators on the left and right of the virtual axis (hereinafter referred to as the "virtual axis") are the same. It should be understood that since the antenna structure may not be exactly the same in engineering applications due to the layout in the electronic device, it can be considered that the error range of the electrical lengths of the antenna radiators on the left and right of the axis is within one sixteenth of the working wavelength, which meets the "same electrical length" in this application. The antenna radiator 110 may include a first feeding point 111 and a second feeding point 112, the first feeding point 111 and the second feeding point 112 are respectively arranged on both sides of the axis, and the first feeding point 111 and the second feeding point 112 are symmetrical along the axis. The first circuit 120 includes a first port 121, a second port 122, a third port 123 and a fourth port 124, the first port 121 and the second port 122 are output ports, and the third port 123 and the fourth port 124 are input ports. The first port 121 is electrically connected to the antenna radiator 110 at the first feeding point 111, and the second port 122 is electrically connected to the antenna radiator 110 at the second feeding point 112. The feeding unit 130 is electrically connected to the third port 123 and the fourth port 124. The feeding unit 130 feeds the antenna structure using antisymmetric feeding, for example, the electrical signal of the feeding unit 130 has the same signal amplitude at the third port 123 and the fourth port 124, and opposite phases (for example, the opposite phases may be a phase difference of 180°±10°).

[0136] It should be understood that electrical length can refer to the ratio of the physical length (i.e., mechanical length or geometric length) multiplied by the transmission time of an electrical or electromagnetic signal in a medium to the time required for the signal to pass the same distance as the physical length of the medium in free space. The electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0137]

[0138] Where L is the physical length, a is the transmission time of the electrical or electromagnetic signal in the medium, and b is the transmission time in free space.

[0139] Alternatively, electrical length can also refer to the ratio of physical length (i.e. mechanical length or geometric length) to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. The electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0140]

[0141] Where L is the physical length and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0142] In one embodiment, the axis of the antenna radiator may be a virtual symmetry axis of the antenna radiator 110 , and the antenna radiator is bilaterally symmetric along the axis.

[0143] In one embodiment, the first port 121 of the first circuit 120 is electrically connected to the antenna radiator 110 at the first feeding point 111 through a metal spring, and the second port 122 is electrically connected to the antenna radiator 110 at the second feeding point 112 through a metal spring.

[0144] In one embodiment, the antenna structure may be a slot antenna. The antenna radiator 110 may include a first radiator 113 and a second radiator 114, wherein the first end of the first radiator 113 is opposite to the first end of the second radiator 114 and does not contact each other. A slot 115 is formed between the first end of the first radiator 113 and the first end of the second radiator 114, and the second end of the first radiator 113 and the second end of the second radiator 114 may be electrically connected to a ground (GND). For example, the second end of the first radiator 113 is connected to the ground in the main extension direction of the first radiator 113, and / or the second end of the second radiator 114 is connected to the ground in the main extension direction of the second radiator 114; for another example, the second end of the first radiator 113 is connected to the ground in the direction after the first radiator 113 is bent (different from the main extension direction), and / or the second end of the second radiator 114 is connected to the ground in the direction after the second radiator 114 is bent (different from the main extension direction). It should be understood that the ground may be a metal layer, a middle frame or other metal layer in the PCB of an electronic device.

[0145] In one embodiment, the first circuit 120 may include a first capacitor 102 and a second capacitor 104. The first capacitor 102 is connected in series between the first port 121 and the third port 123, or in other words, the first capacitor 102 is connected in series between the radio frequency channel formed between the first port 121 and the third port 123, for matching the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode of the antenna structure, where L is a positive integer. The first end of the second capacitor 104 is arranged between the first capacitor 102 and the first end 121, and the second end is arranged between the second port 122 and the fourth port 124, or in other words, the second capacitor 104 is connected in parallel between the radio frequency channel formed between the first port 121 and the third port 123 and the radio frequency channel formed between the second port 122 and the fourth port 124, for matching the M times wavelength mode of the antenna structure, where M is a positive integer.

[0146] In one embodiment, the capacitance of the first capacitor 102 may be less than 2 pF, and the capacitance of the second capacitor may be less than 4 pF, which may be adjusted according to actual design or production requirements.

[0147] It should be understood that, through the second capacitor 104 connected in parallel and the first capacitor 102 connected in series in the first circuit 120, the current corresponding to the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and the current of the M times wavelength mode take different paths (for example, the paths passing through the first capacitor 102 and the second capacitor 104, respectively), so as to achieve matching of the two modes respectively. For example, the boundary conditions corresponding to the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and the boundary conditions corresponding to the M times wavelength mode are the same, and the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and the M times wavelength mode can be matched respectively. The same boundary conditions can be considered that the corresponding impedances are the same, so the matching of the two modes can be achieved. Through the first capacitor 102 connected in series in the first circuit 120, Fig.11 The antenna structure shown can generate at least one first resonance; through the second capacitor 104 connected in parallel in the first circuit 120, Fig.11 The antenna structure shown can generate at least one second resonant frequency to expand the working bandwidth of the antenna structure. The first resonance can correspond to the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode of the antenna structure, and the first capacitor 102 can be used to match the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode of the antenna structure. The second resonance can correspond to the M-times wavelength mode of the antenna structure, and the second capacitor 104 can be used to match the M-times wavelength mode of the antenna structure.

[0148] In one embodiment, the first circuit 120 may include a first inductor 101, a second inductor 103 and a third inductor 105. The first inductor 101 is connected in series between the first end of the second capacitor 104 and the first port 121, and the second inductor 103 is connected in series between the second end of the second capacitor 104 and the second port 122. The first inductor 101 and the second inductor 103 can be used to adjust the resonant frequency of the M-times wavelength mode. One end of the third inductor 105 is arranged between the first end of the second capacitor 104 and the first capacitor 102, and the other end is arranged between the second end of the second capacitor 104 and the fourth port 124, and can be used to adjust the resonant frequency of the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode.

[0149] In one embodiment, the antenna structure may further include an antisymmetric network 140, located between the first circuit 120 and the feeding unit 130, for connecting the feeding unit 130 with the third port 123 and the fourth port 124 of the first circuit 120, so as to achieve that the electrical signal of the feeding unit 130 has the same amplitude and opposite phase at the third port 123 and the fourth port 124, respectively.

[0150] It should be understood that the antisymmetric network 140 is only a technical means to achieve the opposite phase of the electrical signal of the feeding unit 130 between the third port 123 and the fourth port 124, and can also be achieved by other technical means in actual production or design, for example, a balun, and / or a 180° coupler, and / or a combination of a 90° coupler and a phase shift network, etc., and the present application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0151] Figure 12 to Figure 14 for Fig.11 The schematic diagram of the simulation structure of the antenna structure shown in FIG. Fig.12 yes Fig.11 The S-parameter simulation results of the antenna structure are shown. Fig.13 yes Fig.11 The simulation results of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna structure are shown. Fig.14 yes Fig.11 The antenna structure shown is a schematic diagram of current distribution at various resonance points.

[0152] like Fig.12 As shown, when the antenna structure is working in the feeding unit, it generates three resonances, and the resonance points are 1.73 GHz, 3.48 GHz and 4.43 GHz, respectively. Among them, 1.73 GHz corresponds to the half wavelength mode of the antenna structure, 3.48 GHz corresponds to the one wavelength mode of the antenna structure, and 4.43 GHz corresponds to the three half wavelength mode of the antenna structure.

[0153] In one embodiment, the working frequency band of the antenna structure can cover the higher frequency bands in long term evolution (LTE), such as 1700MHz-2700MHz, N77 (3.3GHz-4.2GHz) band and N79 (4.4GHz-5.0GHz) band in the 5G band. It should be understood that the various parameters in the antenna structure can also be adjusted to make the working frequency band cover other frequency bands. This application is only used as an example and does not limit its working frequency band.

[0154] like Fig.13 As shown, within the working frequency band corresponding to the resonance generated by the antenna structure, the radiation efficiency is greater than -4dB and the system efficiency is greater than -8dB, which can also meet the needs.

[0155] like Fig.14 As shown in (a) in the figure, when the antenna structure works at 1.73 GHz, its currents are in the same direction and there is a current zero point. It should be understood that Fig.11 The antenna structure shown is equivalent to a folded electric dipole antenna. For an electric dipole antenna, the current zero points exist at both ends of the radiator. Fig.11 After the antenna structure shown, the current zero point is located at the gap. When the current on the radiator of the electric dipole antenna is in the same direction, it corresponds to the half-wavelength mode. Therefore, Fig.14 The current distribution shown in (a) corresponds to the half-wavelength mode. Fig.14 As shown in (b), when the antenna structure works at 3.48 GHz, there are two current zero points, which are as follows Fig.14 The antenna structure shown in (a) is twice as large as that in (b), so it corresponds to a one-wavelength mode. Fig.14 As shown in (c), when the antenna structure operates at 4.43 GHz, there are three current zeros, which corresponds to the three-half wavelength mode. Fig.14(a), (b), and (c) respectively show that the slot antenna operates in 1 / 2 wavelength mode, 1 times wavelength mode, and 2 / 3 wavelength mode. It should be understood that the 1 / 2 wavelength mode, 1 times wavelength mode, and 2 / 3 wavelength mode of the linear antenna are also similar, for example, they have 1, 2, and 3 current zero points, respectively. Similarly, it can be seen that the antenna structure has (N-1 / 2) / (1 / 2) current zero points in the (N-1 / 2) wavelength mode and N / (1 / 2) current zero points in the N wavelength mode. It should be understood that the current on the radiator is alternating current, and the current zero point is the current reverse point on the radiator. The working mode of the antenna structure can be determined by the current zero point on the radiator, so as to determine whether it belongs to the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode or the M times wavelength mode. At the same time, due to different antenna structures, the corresponding current zero point may not be on the antenna radiator, but in the gap formed by the radiator or the feeding point. This application does not limit this and can be determined according to the actual antenna structure.

[0156] Therefore, since the antenna structure includes the first circuit, the boundary conditions corresponding to the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and the M-times wavelength mode are changed by the first circuit so that the boundary conditions of the two are the same, and simultaneous excitation can be performed. In this case, a good match can be achieved between the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and the M-times wavelength mode of the antenna structure, and the antenna structure can generate multiple resonances, so that the working frequency band of the antenna structure can be expanded.

[0157] It should be understood that Fig.11 For the antenna structure shown, its basic form is a CM slot antenna. By adding a first circuit, the half-wavelength mode, the one-time wavelength mode, and the three-time wavelength mode in the CM mode of the slot antenna are excited. For other antenna forms, such as a linear antenna (e.g., the CM mode and DM mode of a linear antenna), an open slot antenna (e.g., the CM mode and DM mode of an open slot antenna), etc., the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and the M-time wavelength mode of the antenna can also be excited by adding a first circuit.

[0158] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of a slot antenna with open ends provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0159] like Fig.15 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the structure of a slot antenna with two ends open, and its first circuit is different from Fig.11 The reason for this is that the initial impedance of the antenna structure is from the break point, and Fig.11The initial impedance diagram of the slot antenna shown is from the short-circuit point. Therefore, the first circuit should correspond to the initial impedance diagram of the antenna structure. For example, if the initial impedance diagram is from the short-circuit point, the first circuit can use the parallel capacitor series capacitor solution, and if the initial diagram is from the open circuit point, the first circuit can use the parallel inductor series inductor solution.

[0160] It should be understood that the slot antenna with both ends open can be considered as the radiator of the slot antenna being open at both ends and not directly connected to other conductors (such as the floor or other metal structures). For example, in an electronic device, a section of a metal frame is used as the radiator of the slot antenna, and the radiator being open at both ends can be considered as the two ends of the radiator forming a gap with the metal frame respectively, and not being directly connected to the metal frame. The gap formed can be filled with a dielectric to meet the strength requirements of the electronic device. At the same time, the two ends of the radiator are open to form a slot antenna with both ends open.

[0161] like Fig.15 As shown, the antenna radiator may include a first radiator 151 and a second radiator 152, a gap 181 may be formed between one end of the first radiator 151 away from the second radiator 152 and the floor, and a gap 182 may be formed between one end of the second radiator 152 away from the first radiator 151 and the floor. The first circuit 160 and the feeding unit 170 may be arranged between the first radiator 151 and the second radiator 152, and the two feeding points of the electrical connection between the feeding unit and the first radiator 151 and the second radiator 152 may be symmetrical along the virtual axis of the antenna radiator. The parallel inductor 161 in the first circuit 160 may be used to match the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode, and the series inductor 162 may be used to match the M-times wavelength mode.

[0162] In one embodiment, the gap 181 may be formed between one end of the first radiator 151 away from the second radiator 152 and a section of the first conductive member, and the gap 182 may be formed between one end of the second radiator 152 away from the first radiator 151 and a section of the second conductive member.

[0163] For simplicity of introduction, this application only takes the first conductive member and the second conductive member as part of the floor as an example, and this application does not limit this. In other embodiments of the present application, the first conductive member and the second conductive member may also be electrically connected to the floor at their first ends, for example, the first conductive member and the second conductive member are used as radiators of other antenna structures. It should be understood that the first end being electrically connected to the floor includes being electrically connected to the floor at the end, and also includes being electrically connected to the floor at a grounding point on the conductive member near the end.

[0164] In one embodiment, the positive electrode of the feeding unit 170 is connected to the first radiator 151 , and the negative electrode of the feeding unit is connected to the second radiator 152 . In this case, the antenna structure works in the CM mode.

[0165] In one embodiment, the inductance value of the inductor 161 may be less than 15 nH, and the inductance value of the inductor 162 may be less than 10 nH, which may be adjusted according to actual design or production requirements.

[0166] It should be understood that the first circuit is used to make the current paths of the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and the M-times wavelength mode different, so as to match the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and the M-times wavelength mode respectively. Fig.15 By adding electronic components to the first circuit 160 shown in FIG. 1 and changing the equivalent electrical length of the radiator, the resonant frequency can be fine-tuned, as shown in FIG. Fig.16 As shown, the present application does not impose any limitation on this and can be adjusted according to actual production or design.

[0167] In the above embodiment, a first circuit is added to the antenna structure to excite at least one (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and at least one M-fold wavelength mode, for example, to excite a half wavelength mode, a single wavelength mode and a three-half wavelength mode. If, on this basis, DM mode feeding is added, the half wavelength mode, the single wavelength mode and the three-half wavelength mode of the CM mode, as well as the half wavelength mode, the single wavelength mode and the three-half wavelength mode of the DM mode can be jointly generated. It should be understood that the electric fields corresponding to the CM mode and the DM mode are orthogonal in the far field integral. For integral orthogonality, it can be understood that the resonant electric field generated by the CM mode and the DM mode satisfies the following formula in the far field:

[0168]

[0169] in, is the electric field in the far field corresponding to the resonance generated by the CM mode, is the electric field of the far field corresponding to the resonance generated by the DM mode, where θ is the angle with the z-axis in the three-dimensional coordinate system, is the angle with the x-axis on the xoy plane. Since the resonance corresponding electric fields generated by the CM mode and the DM mode are integrated orthogonally in the far field, they do not affect each other. Therefore, when the antenna structure operates in the CM mode and the DM mode, it can generate at least one (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and at least one M-fold wavelength mode in the CM mode, and generate at least one (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and at least one M-fold wavelength mode in the DM mode, while maintaining high isolation. For example, the first resonant frequency of the CM mode and the first resonant frequency of the DM mode can be at the same frequency and have high isolation. Among them, the same frequency can be understood as being in the same frequency band.

[0170] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0171] like Fig.17 As shown, the antenna structure may include an antenna radiator 210 , a first circuit 220 , a first feeding unit 231 and a second feeding unit 232 .

[0172] The electrical lengths of the antenna radiator 210 on the left and right sides of the virtual axis are the same. It should be understood that since the antenna structure may not be exactly the same in engineering applications due to the layout in the electronic device, it can be considered that the error range of the electrical lengths of the antenna radiators on the left and right sides of the axis is within one sixteenth of the working wavelength, which satisfies the "same electrical length" in this application. The antenna radiator 210 includes a first feeding point 211 and a second feeding point 212, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the axis of the antenna radiator 210, and the first feeding point 211 and the second feeding point 212 are symmetrical along the axis. The first circuit 220 includes a first port 221, a second port 222, a third port 223 and a fourth port 224, the first port 221 and the second port 222 are output ports, and the third port 223 and the fourth port 224 are input ports. The first port 221 is electrically connected to the antenna radiator 210 at the first feeding point 211, and the second port 222 is electrically connected to the antenna radiator 210 at the second feeding point 212. The first feeding unit 231 is electrically connected to the third port 223 and the fourth port 224, and adopts symmetrical feeding to feed the antenna structure. For example, the electrical signal of the first feeding unit 231 has the same signal amplitude and the same phase between the third port 223 and the fourth port 224. The second feeding unit 232 is electrically connected to the third port 223 and the fourth port 224, and adopts anti-symmetric feeding to feed the antenna structure. For example, the electrical signal of the second feeding unit 232 has the same signal amplitude and the opposite phase between the third port 223 and the fourth port 224 (for example, the phase difference is 180°).

[0173] In one embodiment, the virtual axis of the antenna radiator may be a virtual symmetry axis of the antenna radiator 210 , and the antenna radiator is bilaterally symmetric along the symmetry axis.

[0174] It should be understood that the antenna structure includes a first feeding unit using symmetrical feeding and a second feeding unit using antisymmetric feeding. Therefore, the CM mode and DM mode of the antenna structure can be excited together, and the antenna structure can operate in at least one (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and at least one M times wavelength mode, L and M are positive integers. The antenna structure can generate a resonant frequency band with the same frequency and high isolation to meet the communication requirements for bandwidth and isolation.

[0175] At the same time, for the first antenna unit formed between the first feeding unit 231 and the antenna radiator 210 and the second antenna unit formed between the second feeding unit 232 and the antenna radiator 210, the two antenna units reuse the same antenna radiator (for example, the first radiator 213 and the second radiator 214 shown in the figure), which can greatly reduce the space occupied by the antenna units.

[0176] In one embodiment, the first port 221 of the first circuit 220 is electrically connected to the antenna radiator 210 at the first feeding point 211 through a metal spring, and the second port 222 is electrically connected to the antenna radiator 210 at the second feeding point 212 through a metal spring.

[0177] In one embodiment, the antenna structure may be a slot antenna with both ends open, which can be understood as the two ends of the radiator of the slot antenna being open and not directly connected to the floor, other conductive parts, etc. The antenna radiator 210 may include a first radiator 213 and a second radiator 214, which may be respectively arranged on both sides of a virtual axis, and the electrical lengths of the first radiator 213 and the second radiator 214 are equal. The first end of the first radiator 213 is opposite to the first end of the second radiator 214 and does not contact each other, and a slot 215 is formed between the first end of the first radiator 213 and the first end of the second radiator 214. A slot 216 is formed between the second end of the first radiator 213 and the floor, and a slot 217 is formed between the second end of the second radiator 214 and the floor. It should be understood that the floor may be a metal layer, a middle frame or other metal layer in a PCB of an electronic device.

[0178] In one embodiment, the second end of the first radiator 213 may form the above-mentioned gap 216 with the first conductive member, and the second end of the second radiator 214 may form the above-mentioned gap 217 with the second conductive member; or a first dielectric may be provided at the second end of the first radiator 213 to achieve an “open circuit” at the second end of the first radiator 213; similarly, a second dielectric may be provided at the second end of the second radiator 214 to achieve an “open circuit” at the second end of the second radiator 214.

[0179] In one embodiment, the first circuit 220 may further include a first inductor 201, a second inductor 202, a third inductor 203, and a fourth inductor 204. The first inductor 201 is connected in series between the first port 221 and the third port 223, the third inductor 203 is connected in series between the second port 222 and the fourth port 224, and the first inductor 201 and the third inductor 203 may be used to match the N-times wavelength mode of the antenna structure. The second inductor 202 is arranged between the first inductor 201 and the first port 221 and connected to the ground in parallel, the fourth inductor 204 is arranged between the third inductor 203 and the second port 222 and connected to the ground in parallel, and the second inductor 202 and the fourth inductor 204 may be used to match the (N-1 / 2) wavelength mode of the antenna structure.

[0180] It should be understood that Fig.17 In the antenna structure shown, the input port and the output port of the first circuit are connected in parallel and in series with the inductor. For example, the RF channel formed between the first port 221 and the third port 223 is connected in parallel with the inductor in series, so that the current corresponding to the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and the current corresponding to the M times wavelength mode take different paths to achieve matching of the two modes. For example, the boundary conditions corresponding to the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and the boundary conditions corresponding to the M times wavelength mode are the same, so the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and the M times wavelength mode can be matched respectively. The same boundary conditions can be considered to mean that the corresponding impedances are the same. Therefore, matching of the two modes can be achieved. Through the second inductor 202 and the fourth inductor 204 in the first circuit 220, Fig.17 The antenna structure shown can generate at least one first resonance; through the first inductor 201 and the third inductor 203 in the first circuit 220, Fig.17 The antenna structure shown can generate at least one second resonance to expand the working bandwidth of the antenna structure. The first resonance can correspond to the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode of the antenna structure, and the second inductor 202 and the fourth inductor 204 can be used to match the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode of the antenna structure. The second resonance can correspond to the M-times wavelength mode of the antenna structure, and the first inductor 201 and the third inductor 203 can be used to match the M-times wavelength mode of the antenna structure.

[0181] In one embodiment, the electronic component disposed between the first port 221 and the third port 223 and the electronic component disposed between the second port 222 and the fourth port 224 are symmetrical to each other. For example, the first inductor 201 and the third inductor 203 are symmetrical to each other and have the same inductance value, and the second inductor 202 and the fourth inductor 204 are symmetrical to each other and have the same inductance value.

[0182] In one embodiment, the first circuit 220 may include a first capacitor 205, a second capacitor 206, a third capacitor 207 and a fourth capacitor 208. The first capacitor 205 is connected in series between the second inductor 202 and the first port 221, and the third capacitor 207 is connected in series between the second port 222 and the fourth inductor 204. The first capacitor 205 and the third capacitor 207 can be used to adjust the resonant frequency of the M-times wavelength mode. The second capacitor 206 is arranged between the first inductor 201 and the second inductor 202 and connected to the ground in parallel, and the fourth capacitor 208 is arranged between the third inductor 203 and the fourth inductor 204 and connected to the ground in parallel. The second capacitor 206 and the fourth capacitor 208 can be used to adjust the resonant frequency of the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode.

[0183] In one embodiment, the antenna structure may further include a 180° directional coupler 240, which is located between the first circuit 220 and the feeding unit, for example, between the first feeding unit 231, the second feeding unit 232 and the third port 123 and the fourth port 124 of the first circuit 120, so as to achieve the same phase of the electrical signal of the first feeding unit 231 between the third port 223 and the fourth port 224 and the opposite phase of the electrical signal of the second feeding unit 232 between the third port 223 and the fourth port 224.

[0184] It should be understood that the 180° directional coupler 240 is only a technical means to achieve the same or opposite phase of the electrical signal of the feeding unit between the third port 123 and the fourth port 124. In actual production or design, it can also be achieved by other technical means, such as balun, and / or 180° coupler, and / or a combination of a 90° coupler and a phase shift network, etc. The present application does not limit this.

[0185] In one embodiment, the antenna structure may further include a first matching network 251 and a second matching network 252. The first matching network 251 is used to adjust the impedance of the first feeding unit 231 to minimize the transmission loss and distortion of the electrical signal. The second matching network 252 is used to adjust the impedance of the second feeding unit 232 to minimize the transmission loss and distortion of the electrical signal.

[0186] In one embodiment, the first matching network 251 and the second matching network 252 may be LC networks or other types of networks, which may be selected according to actual production or design, and the present application does not impose any limitation on this.

[0187] Fig.18 and Fig.19 for Fig.17 The simulation results of the antenna structure shown in Figure 1 are schematic diagrams. Fig.18 yes Fig.17 The S-parameter simulation results of the antenna structure are shown. Fig.19 yes Fig.17 The simulation results of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna structure are shown.

[0188] like Fig.18 As shown, when the first feed unit is fed, the electrical signal of the first feed unit is fed into the antenna radiator through the first port and the second port. The S parameter corresponding to the antenna structure is S11, which can excite the half-wavelength mode and the one-time wavelength mode, and the antenna structure can work in multiple resonant frequency bands. When the second feed unit is fed, the electrical signal of the second feed unit is fed into the antenna radiator through the first port and the second port. The S parameter corresponding to the antenna structure is S22, which can also excite the half-wavelength mode and the one-time wavelength mode, and the antenna structure can work in multiple resonant frequency bands. Under the condition of ensuring the working bandwidth of the antenna structure, since the first feed unit and the second feed unit respectively excite the DM mode and the CM mode of the antenna structure, in the same frequency band, the resonant frequency bands excited by the first feed unit and the second feed unit can maintain good isolation, and the worst isolation between the two is -30dB.

[0189] It should be understood that Fig.17 For the antenna structure shown, the better the symmetry of the structure is, the better the isolation between the resonant frequency bands excited by the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit respectively is.

[0190] like Fig.19 As shown, within the working frequency band corresponding to the resonance generated by the antenna structure, the radiation efficiency is greater than -3dB and the system efficiency is greater than -6dB, which can meet the communication needs.

[0191] Fig. 20 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.17 The antenna structure shown differs only from Fig. 20 In the antenna structure shown, the radiator is a complete metal structure without any gaps. The rest of the structure is the same and will not be described in detail for simplicity.

[0192] It should be understood that the first circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application can be adjusted according to different antenna structures so that different antenna structures can excite at least one (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and at least one M times wavelength mode.

[0193] like Fig. 20As shown, the antenna structure can be a slot antenna with two ends open. Structurally, the two ends of the radiator of the slot antenna with two ends open are open and not connected to the floor. Antenna radiator 310 can be a complete conductor, such as a complete metal part. One end of the antenna radiator 310 can form a slot 311 with the floor, and the other end can form a slot 312 with the floor. The antenna structure can operate in at least one (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and at least one M times wavelength mode, where L and M are positive integers.

[0194] In one embodiment, the first end of the antenna radiator 310 may form the above-mentioned gap 311 with the first conductive member, and the second end of the antenna radiator 310 may form the above-mentioned gap 312 with the second conductive member; or a first dielectric may be provided at the first end of the antenna radiator 310 to achieve an "open circuit" at the first end of the antenna radiator 310; similarly, a second dielectric may be provided at the second end of the antenna radiator 310 to achieve an "open circuit" at the second end of the antenna radiator 310.

[0195] In one embodiment, the first circuit 320 may include a first capacitor 301, a second capacitor 302 and a third capacitor 303. The first capacitor 301 is connected in series between the first port 321 and the third port 323, and the second capacitor 302 is connected in series between the second port 322 and the fourth port 324. The first capacitor 301 and the second capacitor 302 can be used to match the (N-1 / 2) wavelength mode of the antenna structure. The first end of the third capacitor 303 is arranged between the first capacitor 301 and the first port 321, and the second end is arranged between the second capacitor 302 and the second port 322, that is, the third capacitor 303 is connected in parallel between the radio frequency channel formed between the first port 321 and the third port 323 and the radio frequency channel formed between the second port 322 and the fourth port 324, for matching the N times wavelength mode of the antenna structure.

[0196] It should be understood that, through the parallel-series capacitors in the first circuit 320, the current corresponding to the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and the current of the M-times wavelength mode take different paths respectively, so as to achieve matching of the two modes respectively. For example, the boundary conditions corresponding to the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and the boundary conditions corresponding to the M-times wavelength mode are the same, and the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and the M-times wavelength mode can be matched respectively. The same boundary conditions can be considered to be the same corresponding impedance, so the matching of the two modes can be achieved. Through the first capacitor 301 and the second capacitor 302 in the first circuit 320, the antenna structure can generate at least one first resonance; through the third capacitor 303 in the first circuit 320, the antenna structure can generate at least one second resonance. The first resonance can correspond to the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode of the antenna structure, and the first capacitor 301 and the second capacitor 302 can be used to match the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode of the antenna structure. The second resonance can correspond to the M-times wavelength mode of the antenna structure, and the third capacitor 303 can be used to match the M-times wavelength mode of the antenna structure.

[0197] In one embodiment, the electronic component disposed between the first port 321 and the third port 323 and the electronic component disposed between the second port 322 and the fourth port 324 are symmetrical to each other, for example, the first capacitor 301 and the second capacitor 302 are symmetrical to each other and have the same capacitance value.

[0198] In one embodiment, the first circuit 320 may further include a first inductor 304 and a second inductor 305. The first inductor 304 is arranged between the first end of the first capacitor 301 and the third capacitor 303 and connected to the ground in parallel, and the second inductor 305 is arranged between the second capacitor 302 and the second end of the third capacitor 303 and connected to the ground in parallel. The first inductor 304 and the second inductor 305 may be used to adjust the resonant frequency of the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode.

[0199] Figure 21 to Figure 23 for Fig. 20 The schematic diagram of the simulation structure of the antenna structure shown in FIG. Fig.21 yes Fig. 20 The S-parameter simulation results of the antenna structure are shown. Fig. 22 yes Fig. 20 The isolation simulation results of the antenna structure shown in the figure. Fig.23 yes Fig. 20 The simulation results of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna structure are shown.

[0200] like Fig.21As shown, when the first feeding unit is fed, the S parameter corresponding to the antenna structure is S11, which can excite the half-wavelength mode and the one-time wavelength mode, and the antenna structure can operate in multiple resonant frequency bands. When the second feeding unit is fed, the S parameter corresponding to the antenna structure is S22, which can also excite the half-wavelength mode and the one-time wavelength mode, and the antenna structure can operate in multiple resonant frequency bands. It should be understood that when the second feeding unit is working, since a matching network is connected, one of the resonant frequency bands corresponding to the half-wavelength mode is generated by the matching network.

[0201] In one embodiment, the working frequency band of the antenna structure can cover higher frequency bands in LTE, such as 1700MHz-2700MHz, N77 (3.3GHz-4.2GHz) band and N79 (4.4GHz-5.0GHz) band in 5G band. It should be understood that various parameters in the antenna structure can also be adjusted to make the working frequency band cover other frequency bands. This application is only used as an example and does not limit its working frequency band.

[0202] like Fig. 22 As shown, under the condition of ensuring the working bandwidth of the antenna structure, since the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit respectively excite the DM mode and the CM mode of the antenna structure, in the same frequency band, good isolation can be maintained between the resonant frequency bands respectively excited by the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit, and the worst isolation between the two is -47dB.

[0203] like Fig.23 As shown, within the working frequency band corresponding to the resonance generated by the antenna structure, the radiation efficiency is greater than -3dB and the system efficiency is greater than -8dB, which can meet the communication needs.

[0204] Fig.24 It is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0205] It should be understood that the first circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application can be adjusted according to different antenna structures so that different antenna structures can excite at least one (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and at least one M times wavelength mode, where L and M are positive integers.

[0206] like Fig.24 As shown, the antenna structure may be a wire antenna, and the antenna radiator 410 may be a complete conductive body, for example, a complete metal part.

[0207] In one embodiment, the first circuit 420 may include a first capacitor 401, a second capacitor 402 and a third capacitor 403. The first capacitor 401 is connected in series between the first port 421 and the third port 423, and the second capacitor 402 is connected in series between the second port 422 and the fourth port 424. The first capacitor 401 and the second capacitor 402 can be used to match the (N-1 / 2) wavelength mode of the antenna structure. The first end of the third capacitor 403 is arranged between the first capacitor 401 and the first port 421, and the second end is arranged between the second capacitor 402 and the second port 422, that is, the third capacitor 403 is connected in parallel between the radio frequency channel formed between the first port 421 and the third port 423 and the radio frequency channel formed between the second port 422 and the fourth port 424, for matching the N times wavelength mode of the antenna structure.

[0208] In one embodiment, the electronic component disposed between the first port 421 and the third port 423 and the electronic component disposed between the second port 422 and the fourth port 424 are symmetrical to each other, for example, the first capacitor 401 and the second capacitor 402 are symmetrical to each other and have the same capacitance value.

[0209] It should be understood that, by connecting the capacitors in parallel and in series in the first circuit 420, the current corresponding to the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and the current corresponding to the M times wavelength mode take paths that are blocked, so as to achieve matching of the two modes respectively. For example, the boundary conditions corresponding to the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and the boundary conditions corresponding to the M times wavelength mode are the same, and the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and the M times wavelength mode can be matched respectively. The same boundary conditions can be considered to mean that the corresponding impedances are the same, so matching of the two modes can be achieved. By using the first capacitor 401 and the second capacitor 402 in the first circuit 420, Fig.11 The antenna structure shown can generate at least one first resonance; through the third capacitor 403 in the first circuit 420, Fig.11 The antenna structure shown can generate at least one second resonance. The first resonance can correspond to the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode of the antenna structure, and the first capacitor 401 and the second capacitor 402 can be used to match the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode of the antenna structure. The second resonance can correspond to the M-times wavelength mode of the antenna structure, and the third capacitor 403 can be used to match the M-times wavelength mode of the antenna structure.

[0210] In one embodiment, the first circuit 420 may further include a first inductor 404 and a second inductor 405. The first inductor 404 is disposed between the first capacitor 401 and the first end of the third capacitor 403 and connected to the ground in parallel, and the second inductor 405 is disposed between the second capacitor 402 and the second end of the third capacitor 403 and connected to the ground in parallel. The first inductor 404 and the second inductor 405 may be used to adjust the resonant frequency of the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode.

[0211] Figure 25 to Figure 27 for Fig.24 The schematic diagram of the simulation structure of the antenna structure shown in FIG. Fig.25 yes Fig.24 The S-parameter simulation results of the antenna structure are shown. Fig.26 yes Fig.24 The isolation simulation results of the antenna structure shown in the figure. Fig.17 yes Fig.24 The simulation results of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna structure are shown.

[0212] like Fig.25 As shown, when the first feeding unit is fed, the S parameter corresponding to the antenna structure is S11, which can excite the half-wavelength mode and the one-time wavelength mode, and the antenna structure can operate in multiple resonant frequency bands. When the second feeding unit is fed, the S parameter corresponding to the antenna structure is S22, which can also excite the half-wavelength mode and the one-time wavelength mode, and the antenna structure can operate in multiple resonant frequency bands. It should be understood that when the second feeding unit is working, since a matching network is connected, one of the resonant frequency bands corresponding to the half-wavelength mode is generated by the matching network.

[0213] In one embodiment, the working frequency band of the antenna structure can cover higher frequency bands in LTE, such as 1700MHz-2700MHz, N77 (3.3GHz-4.2GHz) band and N79 (4.4GHz-5.0GHz) band in 5G band. It should be understood that various parameters in the antenna structure can also be adjusted to make the working frequency band cover other frequency bands. This application is only used as an example and does not limit its working frequency band.

[0214] like Fig.26 As shown, under the condition of ensuring the working bandwidth of the antenna structure, since the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit respectively excite the DM mode and the CM mode of the antenna structure, in the same frequency band, good isolation can be maintained between the resonant frequency bands respectively excited by the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit, and the worst isolation between the two is -45.5dB.

[0215] like Fig. 27 As shown, within the working frequency band corresponding to the resonance generated by the antenna structure, the radiation efficiency is greater than -2dB and the system efficiency is greater than -8dB, which can meet the communication needs.

[0216] Fig.28 It is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0217] It should be understood that the first circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application can be adjusted according to different antenna structures so that different antenna structures can excite at least one (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and at least one M times wavelength mode, where L and M are positive integers.

[0218] like Fig.28 As shown, the antenna structure 510 may be a slot antenna with two ends short-circuited. The antenna radiator 510 may include a first radiator 511 and a second radiator 512, wherein the first end of the first radiator 511 is opposite to the first end of the second radiator 512 and does not contact each other. A slot 513 is formed between the first end of the first radiator 511 and the first end of the second radiator 512, and the second end of the first radiator 511 and the second end of the second radiator 512 may be electrically connected to a ground (ground, GND) to form a short circuit. For example, the second end of the first radiator 511 is connected to the ground in the main extension direction of the first radiator 511, and / or the second end of the second radiator 512 is connected to the ground in the main extension direction of the second radiator 512; for another example, the second end of the first radiator 511 is connected to the ground in the direction after the first radiator 511 is bent (different from the main extension direction), and / or the second end of the second radiator 512 is connected to the ground in the direction after the second radiator 512 is bent (different from the main extension direction).

[0219] It should be understood that the two ends of the slot antenna short-circuited can be considered as the two ends of the slot antenna radiator directly connected to the floor. For example, in an electronic device, the radiator of the slot antenna is a section of a metal frame, and the two ends of the radiator short-circuited can be considered as the two ends of the radiator directly connected to the metal frame.

[0220] In one embodiment, the first circuit 520 may include a first capacitor 501, a second capacitor 502 and a third capacitor 503. The first capacitor 501 is connected in series between the first port 521 and the third port 523, and the second capacitor 502 is connected in series between the second port 522 and the fourth port 524. The first capacitor 501 and the second capacitor 502 can be used to match the (N-1 / 2) wavelength mode of the antenna structure. The first end of the third capacitor 503 is arranged between the first capacitor 501 and the first port 521, and the second end is arranged between the second capacitor 502 and the second port 522, that is, the third capacitor 503 is connected in parallel between the radio frequency channel formed between the first port 521 and the third port 523 and the radio frequency channel formed between the second port 522 and the fourth port 524, for matching the N times wavelength mode of the antenna structure.

[0221] It should be understood that, through the parallel-series capacitors in the first circuit 520, the current corresponding to the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and the current corresponding to the M-times wavelength mode take different paths to achieve matching of the two modes. For example, the boundary conditions corresponding to the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and the boundary conditions corresponding to the M-times wavelength mode are the same, and the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and the M-times wavelength mode can be matched respectively. The same boundary conditions can be considered to mean that the corresponding impedances are the same, so the matching of the two modes can be achieved. Through the first capacitor 501 and the second capacitor 502 in the first circuit 520, Fig.11 The antenna structure shown can generate at least one first resonance; through the third capacitor 503 in the first circuit 520, Fig.11 The antenna structure shown can generate at least one second resonance. The first resonance can correspond to the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode of the antenna structure, and the first capacitor 501 and the second capacitor 502 can be used to match the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode of the antenna structure. The second resonance can correspond to the M-times wavelength mode of the antenna structure, and the third capacitor 503 can be used to match the M-times wavelength mode of the antenna structure.

[0222] In one embodiment, the electronic component disposed between the first port 521 and the third port 523 and the electronic component disposed between the second port 522 and the fourth port 524 are symmetrical to each other, for example, the first capacitor 501 and the second capacitor 502 are symmetrical to each other and have the same capacitance value.

[0223] In one embodiment, the first circuit 320 may further include a first inductor 504, a second inductor 505 and a third inductor 506. The first inductor 504 is connected in series between the first port 521 and the first end of the third capacitor 503, the second inductor 505 is connected in series between the second port 522 and the second end of the third capacitor 503, and the first inductor 504 and the second inductor 505 can be used to adjust the resonant frequency of the M-times wavelength mode. The first end of the third inductor 506 is arranged between the first end of the third capacitor 503 and the first capacitor 501, and the second end of the third inductor 506 is arranged between the second end of the third capacitor 503 and the second capacitor 502, that is, the third inductor 506 is connected in parallel between the radio frequency channel formed between the first port 521 and the third port 523 and the radio frequency channel formed between the second port 522 and the fourth port 524, and can be used to adjust the resonant frequency of the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode of the antenna structure.

[0224] Fig.29 and Fig.30 for Fig.28 The schematic diagram of the simulation structure of the antenna structure shown in FIG. Fig.29 yes Fig.28 The S-parameter simulation results of the antenna structure are shown. Fig.30 yes Fig.28The isolation simulation results of the antenna structure shown in the figure.

[0225] like Fig.29 When the first feeding unit is fed, the S parameter corresponding to the antenna structure is S11, which can excite the half-wavelength mode and the one-time wavelength mode, and the antenna structure can work in multiple resonant frequency bands. When the second feeding unit is fed, the S parameter corresponding to the antenna structure is S22, which can also excite the half-wavelength mode and the one-time wavelength mode, and the antenna structure can work in multiple resonant frequency bands.

[0226] In one embodiment, the working frequency band of the antenna structure can cover higher frequency bands in LTE, such as 1700MHz-2700MHz, N77 (3.3GHz-4.2GHz) band and N79 (4.4GHz-5.0GHz) band in 5G band. It should be understood that various parameters in the antenna structure can also be adjusted to make the working frequency band cover other frequency bands. This application is only used as an example and does not limit its working frequency band.

[0227] like Fig.30 As shown, under the condition of ensuring the working bandwidth of the antenna structure, since the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit respectively excite the DM mode and the CM mode of the antenna structure, in the same frequency band, good isolation can be maintained between the resonant frequency bands respectively excited by the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit, and the worst isolation between the two is -42dB.

[0228] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0229] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0230] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: An antenna structure, the antenna structure comprising an antenna radiator, a first circuit, a first feeding unit and a second feeding unit; The antenna radiator comprises a first radiator and a second radiator, the first radiator and the second radiator are respectively arranged on both sides of a virtual axis of the antenna radiator, the first end of the first radiator is opposite to the first end of the second radiator and does not contact each other, and forms a first gap; The first radiator includes a first feeding point, the second radiator includes a second feeding point, and the first feeding point and the second feeding point are symmetrical along the virtual axis, and the electrical lengths of the antenna radiators on both sides of the virtual axis are the same; The first circuit includes a first port, a second port, a third port and a fourth port, the first port and the second port are feed output ports, the third port and the fourth port are feed input ports, the feed input port is used to input the electrical signal of the first feed unit and the second feed unit, and the feed output port is used to feed the processed electrical signal to the antenna radiator; The first port is electrically connected to the first feeding point, and the second port is electrically connected to the second feeding point; The first feeding unit is electrically connected to the third port and the fourth port, and the electrical signal of the first feeding unit has the same phase at the third port and the fourth port; The second feeding unit is electrically connected to the third port and the fourth port, and the electrical signal of the second feeding unit has opposite phases at the third port and the fourth port; Wherein, the antenna structure operates in at least one (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and at least one M times wavelength mode, where L and M are positive integers; The antenna structure operates on different paths in the first circuit for an electrical signal corresponding to the at least one (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode and an electrical signal corresponding to the at least one M-times wavelength mode.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the first feeding unit feeds power, the electrical signal of the first feeding unit passes through the first circuit and is fed into the antenna radiator through the first port and the second port of the first circuit; as well as When the second feeding unit feeds power, the electrical signal of the second feeding unit passes through the first circuit and is fed into the antenna radiator through the first port and the second port of the first circuit.

3. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna radiator is symmetrical with respect to the virtual axis.

4. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electronic device further comprises a first conductive member and a second conductive member; Wherein, a second gap is formed between the second end of the first radiator and the first end of the first conductive member; A third gap is formed between the second end of the second radiator and the first end of the second conductive member.

5. The electronic device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The electronic device further comprises a floor: The first conductive member and the second conductive member are part of the floor, or a first end of the first conductive member and a first end of the second conductive member are both electrically connected to the floor.

6. The electronic device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first circuit includes a first inductor, a second inductor, a third inductor and a fourth inductor; Wherein, the first inductor is connected in series between the first port and the third port; The third inductor is connected in series between the second port and the fourth port; The second inductor is arranged between the first inductor and the first port and connected to the ground in parallel; The fourth inductor is disposed between the third inductor and the second port and is connected to the ground in parallel.

7. The electronic device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inductance value of the first inductor is the same as the inductance value of the third inductor, and the inductance value of the second inductor is the same as the inductance value of the fourth inductor.

8. The electronic device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The antenna structure generates a first resonance through the antenna radiator, the second inductor, the fourth inductor, the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit; The antenna structure generates a second resonance through the antenna radiator, the first inductor, the third inductor, the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit.

9. The electronic device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first resonance corresponds to the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode of the antenna structure; The second resonance corresponds to the M-times wavelength mode of the antenna structure, where L and M are positive integers.

10. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electronic device further comprises a floor: Wherein, the second end of the first radiator is electrically connected to the floor; The second end of the second radiator is electrically connected to the floor.

11. The electronic device according to claim 10, characterized in that: The first circuit includes a first capacitor, a second capacitor and a third capacitor; Wherein, the first capacitor is connected in series between the first port and the third port; The second capacitor is connected in series between the second port and the fourth port; The first end of the third capacitor is disposed between the first capacitor and the first port, and the second end of the third capacitor is disposed between the second capacitor and the second port.

12. The electronic device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The first capacitor and the second capacitor have the same capacitance value.

13. The electronic device according to claim 12, characterized in that: The antenna structure generates a first resonance through the antenna radiator, the first capacitor, the second capacitor, the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit; The antenna structure generates a second resonance through the antenna radiator, the third capacitor, the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit.

14. The electronic device according to claim 13, characterized in that: The first resonance corresponds to the (L-1 / 2) wavelength mode of the antenna structure; The second resonance corresponds to the M-times wavelength mode of the antenna structure, where L and M are positive integers.

15. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: The electronic device also includes a 180° directional coupler; Wherein, the 180° directional coupler is arranged between the first circuit and the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit; The 180° directional coupler is used to make the phases of the electrical signal of the first feeding unit at the third port and the fourth port of the first circuit the same; The 180° directional coupler is also used to make the phases of the electrical signal of the second feeding unit opposite at the third port and the fourth port of the first circuit.

16. The electronic device according to claim 15, characterized in that: The electronic device further comprises a first matching network and a second matching network; Wherein, the first matching network is arranged between the first feeding unit and the 180° directional coupler, and is used for matching the impedance of the first feeding unit; The second matching network is arranged between the second feeding unit and the 180° directional coupler, and is used for matching the impedance of the second feeding unit.

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