Power supply system and output voltage control method

Abstract

The application relates to a power supply system and an output voltage control method. A boost module in the power supply system comprises a diode series link and two or more capacitors, the total positive terminal of the diode series link is connected to the positive terminal of a basic power module, the total negative terminal is connected to a boost output terminal, the upper plate of each boost capacitor is connected to different series nodes between the diode series link, in addition, a control module sets a boost multiple based on a boost requirement, and under the control of a clock signal, the lower plate of each boost capacitor is adjusted to be in one of a high level, a low level and a high resistance state, so that the voltage of the boost output terminal is adjusted to be a set multiple of the basic voltage, the boost multiple can be adjusted, boost loss is reduced, power output efficiency is improved, and the power supply system does not need to use an inductor element, and stable voltage output can be realized in a strong magnetic environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power supply technology, and in particular to a power supply system and an output voltage control method using the power supply system. Background Technology

[0002] Active Implantable Medical Devices (AIMDs) are medical devices intended for implantation into the human body and requiring electrical or pneumatic actuation. Examples include implantable pacemakers, implantable defibrillators, implantable neurostimulators, implantable bladder stimulators, implantable sphincter stimulators, implantable diaphragm stimulators, and implantable active drug delivery devices.

[0003] With technological advancements, the power systems of many active implantable medical devices are now designed to be implantable, and to achieve the requirements of small size and low noise, they typically use low-voltage batteries for power. For example, implantable cardiac pacemakers generate cardiac stimulation signals to treat chronic arrhythmias and other cardiac dysfunctions. The amplitude of the pacing pulses generated by an implantable cardiac pacemaker must meet certain requirements; that is, a required pacing voltage must be generated to stimulate the heart to contract and beat. Therefore, the power system usually also includes a boost circuit to obtain the required pacing voltage. Another example is deep brain stimulation (DBS), which, due to its superior clinical outcomes compared to invasive surgery, minimally invasive surgical procedure that does not damage brain tissue, and the reversibility of the treatment, has become the preferred treatment for advanced Parkinson's disease worldwide. For DBS devices, the power system also needs to employ a boost circuit to obtain the required pulse voltage.

[0004] The required output voltage (or stimulation voltage) of the boost circuit often varies for different patients or different implantable medical devices. However, the boost factor of commonly used boost circuits is fixed, which leads to large boost losses when the output is not high, resulting in low output efficiency of the power supply system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems of existing boost circuits, this invention provides a power supply system. Additionally, it provides a method for controlling the output voltage using the said power supply system.

[0006] On one hand, the present invention provides a power supply system, including a basic power supply module, a boost module, and a control module; the basic power supply module is used to provide a base voltage; the boost module includes at least two diodes and at least two boost capacitors, the at least two diodes are connected in series to form a diode series link, the positive terminal of the diode series link is connected to the positive terminal of the basic power supply module, and the negative terminal of the diode series link is connected to the boost output terminal of the power supply system; the upper plate of each boost capacitor is connected to different series nodes in the diode series link; the control module is connected to the boost module, and the control module is configured to set a boost factor based on boost requirements, and adjust the lower plate of each boost capacitor to a high level, a low level, or a high impedance state under the control of a clock signal, thereby adjusting the voltage of the boost output terminal to a set multiple of the base voltage.

[0007] Optionally, the boost module further includes at least one energy storage filter capacitor, the upper plate of which is connected to the boost output terminal, and the lower plate is grounded.

[0008] Optionally, the control module includes a set of cascaded inverting units and signal control units. The output terminal of each inverting unit is connected to the lower plate of a corresponding boost capacitor. The signal control unit has a voltage signal output terminal and several enable signal output terminals. The voltage signal output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the first-stage inverting unit to input a voltage signal that changes periodically between high and low levels. Each enable signal output terminal is connected to the enable input terminal of each inverting unit, so that each inverting unit can only receive the voltage signal at its own input terminal and perform inversion operation after obtaining a valid enable signal; otherwise, the output terminal of the inverting unit is in a high-impedance state.

[0009] Optionally, when the enable signal output is low, the enable signal is valid, so that the corresponding inverting unit receives the voltage signal and performs the inversion operation; when the enable signal output is high, the enable signal is invalid, so that the output of the inverting unit is in a high-impedance state.

[0010] Optionally, the voltage signal output by the voltage signal output terminal is a square wave signal, wherein the high-level voltage value of the square wave signal is equal to the base voltage, and the low-level voltage value is 0V.

[0011] Optionally, the frequency range of the voltage signal output by the voltage signal output terminal is 10kHz to 200kHz.

[0012] Optionally, the signal control unit is an implantable microcontroller.

[0013] Optionally, the basic power supply module is a DC power supply, and the basic voltage is 2.5V to 3.7V.

[0014] Optionally, the boost module includes 2 to 4 of the capacitors.

[0015] Optionally, the power system is the power system of an implantable medical device, which is a pacemaker or a deep brain stimulator.

[0016] On one hand, the present invention provides an output voltage control method using the above-mentioned power supply system, comprising the following steps: setting a boost factor according to the boost requirement and the base voltage; and adjusting the lower plate of each boost capacitor to a high level, a low level, or a high impedance state under the control of a clock signal according to the set boost factor, thereby adjusting the voltage of the boost output terminal to a set multiple of the base voltage; wherein, when the boost factor is set to N, the first (N-1) stages of the inverting units connected to the voltage signal output terminal are enabled while the remaining stages of the inverting units are disabled, and a voltage signal with periodic high and low level changes is input to the enabled inverting units through the voltage signal output terminal; as the voltage signal changes, the energy storage filter capacitor is charged and stabilized at N times the base voltage, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0017] Optionally, in the output voltage control method, the lower plate of the boost capacitor is adjusted to one of a high-level, low-level, and high-impedance state by means of the following:

[0018] When the inverting unit is enabled, the voltage signal input to the inverting unit is set to a high level, so that the lower plate of the boost capacitor corresponding to the inverting unit is at a low level; when the inverting unit is enabled, the voltage signal input to the inverting unit is set to a low level, so that the lower plate of the boost capacitor corresponding to the inverting unit is at a high level; or, by adjusting the enable signal of the inverting unit, the inverting unit is disabled, so that the lower plate of the boost capacitor corresponding to the inverting unit is in a high-impedance state.

[0019] The power supply system provided by this invention includes a boost module and a control module connected to the boost module. The boost module includes a diode series link and at least two boost capacitors. The positive terminal of the diode series link is connected to the positive terminal of the base power module, and the negative terminal is connected to the boost output terminal of the power supply system. The upper plate of each boost capacitor is connected to a different series node in the diode series link. The control module is configured to set a boost factor based on boost requirements and, under the control of a clock signal, adjust the lower plate of each boost capacitor to one of three states: high level, low level, and high impedance, thereby adjusting the voltage at the boost output terminal to a set multiple of the base voltage. This power supply system allows for adjustable boost factors, helping to reduce boost losses and improve power output efficiency. Furthermore, the power supply system does not require inductors, thus achieving stable voltage output even in strong magnetic environments, helping to reduce failure rates and extend its lifespan. The output voltage control method of the above power supply system has similar advantages. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of a power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the voltage signal output from the voltage signal output terminal in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of the output voltage control method of the present invention.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0025] 100 - Power supply system; 110 - Basic power supply module; 120 - Boost module; 130 - Control module. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The power supply system and output voltage control method of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer from the following description. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clarify the illustration of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] Implantable medical devices are typically introduced into the human body, either entirely or partially, through surgery or by medical intervention through a natural orifice, and remain inside the body after these procedures are completed. Therefore, their intended use is implantation within the human body. Powered implantable medical devices usually rely on electrical energy to operate. Because they need to remain in the body for extended periods, implantable medical devices require battery power, and the battery size cannot be too large. However, the output voltage of implantable medical devices needs to reach a certain amplitude to achieve the required electrical stimulation, modulation, or infusion functions. The voltage of a single implantable battery is lower than the required amplitude, necessitating an internal circuit to boost the battery voltage to achieve the required stimulation amplitude. Therefore, implantable medical devices require an additional booster circuit to increase the output voltage. For example, in cardiac pacemakers, the voltage of commonly used implantable batteries is around 2.8V. When used in the body, an additional booster circuit is needed to increase the battery output voltage so that the battery system's output voltage meets the pacing voltage requirements. However, due to the varying individual circumstances of implanted devices, and the different output voltages required for different conditions or treatments, the boost circuits commonly used in implantable medical devices currently have a fixed boost factor. This leads to significant boost losses when the output amplitude is not high, resulting in low output efficiency of the power supply system. Furthermore, some implantable medical devices use boost circuits that include inductors. Since inductors are susceptible to magnetic fields, these power supply systems are easily affected when operating in strong magnetic environments such as near MRI scanners, high-frequency electrosurgical units, substations, and high-power equipment, potentially causing malfunctions in the implantable medical devices.

[0028] This invention provides a power supply system and an output voltage control method using the power supply system. The system features an adjustable boost factor, allowing the boost factor to be adjusted according to the required output voltage without altering the hardware structure of the power supply system. This helps reduce boost losses and improve power output efficiency. Furthermore, the power supply system does not use inductors for voltage boosting, thus achieving stable voltage output even in strong magnetic environments. This helps reduce the failure rate and extend the lifespan of implantable medical devices using the power supply system.

[0029] The implantable medical devices described in this embodiment of the invention can refer to medical devices intended for implantation into the human body that require electricity, such as implantable pacemakers, implantable defibrillators, implantable neurostimulators, implantable bladder stimulators, implantable sphincter stimulators, implantable diaphragm stimulators, implantable active drug delivery devices, etc. The implantable neurostimulator is, for example, a deep brain stimulator.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2This is a circuit diagram of a power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention. (Refer to...) Figure 1 and Figure 2 One embodiment of the present invention includes a power system 100, which is used, for example, in an implantable medical device. The power system 100 includes a basic power module 110, a boost module 120, and a control module 130.

[0031] The basic power module 110 is used to provide a basic voltage V. dc In this embodiment, the base power module 110 is a DC power supply, such as a battery that can be used in implantable medical devices. The base voltage V output by the base power module 110 is... dc The voltage is approximately 2.5 to 3.5V, more specifically 2.8V. The positive terminal of the basic power module 110 is connected to the boost module 120, and the negative terminal of the basic power module 110 is grounded.

[0032] The boost module 120 includes a set of diodes connected in series, at least two of which can be designated as D1, D2, D3, ..., D... n (n is an integer greater than or equal to 2), such as Figure 2 The image shows four diodes D1, D2, D3, and D4 connected in series. These diodes connected in series are called a diode series link, and the total positive terminal of the diode series link (…) Figure 2 The positive terminal of diode D1 is connected to the positive terminal of the basic power module 110, while the negative terminal of the diode series link is connected to the positive terminal of the basic power module 110. Figure 2 The negative terminal of diode D4 (the middle finger) is connected to the boost output terminal. The boost output terminal is the voltage output terminal of the power supply system 100, and the boost output terminal corresponds to the output voltage V. O Specifically, in one embodiment, the positive terminal of diode D1 is directly connected to the positive terminal of the base power module 110, the positive terminal of diode D2 is connected to the negative terminal of diode D1, the positive terminal of diode D3 is connected to the negative terminal of diode D3, and so on. The number of diodes between the base power module 110 and the boost output terminal can be set as needed. Each diode can be a model disclosed in the art, for example, having the same or similar parameter specifications.

[0033] The boost module 120 also includes at least two capacitors, which can be denoted as C1, C2, ..., C1. n (n is an integer greater than or equal to 2), where at least two of the capacitors are used for boosting, and are called boost capacitors, such as Figure 2The diagram shows three boost capacitors C1, C2, and C3. The upper plate (i.e., the high-level terminal) of each boost capacitor is connected to a different series node in the aforementioned diode series link (at most one boost capacitor's upper plate is connected between any two diodes connected in series). (Refer to...) Figure 2 The upper plate of boost capacitor C1 in boost module 120 is connected to the series node between diodes D1 and D2 (corresponding voltage denoted as V1), the upper plate of boost capacitor C2 is connected to the series node between diodes D2 and D3 (corresponding voltage denoted as V2), and the upper plate of boost capacitor C3 is connected to the series node between diodes D3 and D4 (corresponding voltage denoted as V3). In this embodiment, a diode is spaced between the series nodes connected to the upper plates of the two adjacent boost capacitors, but this is not a limitation. In another embodiment, the positive terminal of the base power module 110 and the series node corresponding to boost capacitor C1, the series nodes corresponding to boost capacitor C1 and boost capacitor C2, and the series nodes corresponding to boost capacitor C2 and boost capacitor C3 can all include two or more diodes connected in series. The capacitance of each boost capacitor can be set to be the same, for example, all with a capacitance of 22uF.

[0034] See Figure 2 In this embodiment, the boost module 120 may further include at least one energy storage filter capacitor C4. The upper plate of the energy storage filter capacitor C4 is connected to the boost output terminal of the power supply system 100, and the lower plate (i.e., the low-level terminal) is grounded. The energy storage filter capacitor C4 is used to store the voltage to be output by the power supply system 100, thereby making the voltage Vo at the boost output terminal a stable output voltage. The load of the power supply system 100 (such as...) Figure 2 R shown L It is connected between the boost output terminal and ground.

[0035] The control module 130 of the power system 100 is connected to the boost module 120. The control module 130 sets the boost factor based on the boost requirement and, under the control of a clock signal, adjusts the lower plate of each boost capacitor to one of three states: high level, low level, and high impedance. Furthermore, the control module 130 adjusts the voltage Vo at the boost output terminal to the base voltage V. dc The set multiple. During the control process, the voltage state of the lower plate of each boost capacitor can be the same or different.

[0036] For details, see Figure 2 The control module 130 may include a set of cascaded inverting units, which may be denoted as S1, S2, ..., S... n(n is an integer greater than or equal to 2), meaning the output of the previous stage inverting unit is connected to the input of the next stage inverting unit. Each stage of the inverting unit has an output node. For inverting units S1, S2, ..., S... n Its output nodes can be denoted as G1, G2, G3..., G... n (n is an integer greater than or equal to 2), where the output terminals of the preceding inverting unit and the following inverting unit connected to its output terminal are inverted at their corresponding output nodes (such as G1 and G2). In this embodiment, the output terminal of each inverting unit can be configured to be connected to the lower plate of a corresponding boost capacitor. The aforementioned boost capacitors C1, C2, ..., C... n The lower electrode can be connected to cascaded inverting units S1, S2, ..., S... n The first-level inverting unit corresponds to this, and the lower plate of each boost capacitor is connected to the output node of the corresponding inverting unit. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the lower plate of the boost capacitor C1 is connected to the output node G1 of the inverting unit S1, so the voltage level of the lower plate of the boost capacitor C1 changes with the voltage level of the output node G1. Similarly, the lower plate of the boost capacitor C2 is connected to the output node G2 of the inverting unit S2, and the voltage level of the lower plate of the boost capacitor C2 changes with the voltage level of the output node G2. The lower plate of the boost capacitor C3 is connected to the output node G3 of the inverting unit S3, and the voltage level of the lower plate of the boost capacitor C3 changes with the voltage level of the output node G3. The inverting unit can employ various structures with inverting functionality; here, an inverter is used as an example.

[0037] The control module 130 in this embodiment may further include a signal controller, the signal controller having a voltage signal output terminal (…). Figure 2 The middle corresponds to the voltage signal V clk ) and several enable signal output terminals (corresponding to enable signals P1, P2, ..., P n (n is an integer greater than or equal to 2). The voltage signal output terminal is connected to the cascaded inverting units S1, S2, ..., S... nThe overall input terminal (i.e., the input terminal of S1) is connected to input a voltage signal with periodically changing high and low levels to the cascaded inverting units. Each enable signal output terminal is connected to the enable input terminal of each inverting unit to input a corresponding enable signal to the connected inverting unit. The enable signals obtained by each inverting unit can be the same or not completely identical. The inverting unit can be defined as being effective when the corresponding enable signal is high or low, depending on the actual circuit of the inverting unit. In this embodiment, each inverting unit is enabled at a low level and disabled at a high level. That is, when the enable signal output terminal is low, the corresponding enable signal is effective, enabling the corresponding inverting unit to receive the voltage signal and perform an inversion operation; when the enable signal output terminal is high, the corresponding enable signal is disabled, making the output terminal of the inverting unit a high-impedance state. In other embodiments, some or all of the inverting units in the control module may also be enabled by a high level and disabled by a low level. That is, when the connected enable signal output terminal is high, the enable signal is valid, thereby performing an inversion operation on the received voltage signal, while when the enable signal output terminal is low, the enable signal is invalid, and the output terminal is in a high impedance state.

[0038] Each of the aforementioned inverting units can only receive the voltage signal from its own input terminal and perform inversion operation after obtaining a valid enable signal (valid when the enable signal is, for example, low level); otherwise, when no valid enable signal is obtained (invalid when the enable signal is, for example, high level), the inverting unit does not perform inversion operation, and the corresponding output terminal and the output node connected to the lower plate of the corresponding boost capacitor are in a high-impedance state. The control module 130 is, for example, a microcontroller (MCU, or single-chip microcomputer), which can set several general-purpose input / output (I / O) ports of the MCU as the enable signal output terminal and set a clock pin of the MCU as the voltage signal output terminal. The MCU can determine the boost factor according to the boost requirement and the base voltage, and control the output of the voltage signal output terminal and the enable signal output terminal through the corresponding program. The microcontroller is preferably implantable so that it can be implanted into the human body along with the power system 100.

[0039] The periodically changing voltage signal output from the above voltage signal output terminal is, for example, a square wave signal, a sine wave signal, a sawtooth wave signal, etc. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the voltage signal output from the voltage signal output terminal in one embodiment of the present invention. See also... Figure 3 In one embodiment of the present invention, the voltage signal output from the voltage signal output terminal is a square wave signal. The high-level voltage value of the square wave signal can be set to be the same as the base voltage V. dc Equal to each other, the low-level voltage value can be set to 0V. The voltage signal V output by the voltage signal output terminal clkThe frequency range is approximately 10kHz to 200kHz, and in this embodiment, it is 10kHz for example.

[0040] The power system 100 of the implantable medical device in this embodiment includes a basic power module 110, a boost module 120, and a control module 130 connected to the boost module 120. The control module 130 sets the boost factor based on the boost requirement and, under the control of a clock signal, adjusts the lower plate of each boost capacitor to one of three states: high level, low level, and high impedance. This allows the lower plate of any boost capacitor to be in one of these states over time. For example, in... Figure 2 In the circuit of the power supply system of one embodiment shown, the inverting unit S1 is, for example, enabled by a low level, the enable signal P1 is low, and the voltage signal V clk When the signal is high, the lower plate of the boost capacitor C1 is adjusted to low. When the enable signal P1 is low and the voltage signal Vclk is low, the lower plate of the boost capacitor C1 is adjusted to high. When the enable signal P1 is high, the inverting unit S1 is disabled, and the lower plate of the boost capacitor C1 is in a high-impedance state.

[0041] The control module 130 can adjust the voltage Vo at the boost output terminal to the base voltage V. dc The power supply system 100 allows for adjustable boost ratios. Taking a deep brain stimulator as an example, the boost ratio can be adjusted appropriately based on the current stimulation amplitude using this embodiment. When the stimulation amplitude is low, the boost ratio can be adjusted to meet the low voltage output requirement, without needing to boost to the maximum ratio. The maximum output voltage is, for example, +12V. Compared to a fixed boost ratio of +12V, this avoids wasting excessive voltage margin at +12V, thus helping to reduce power consumption and improve power output efficiency when the stimulation amplitude is low. Furthermore, the power supply system 100 does not require inductors, thus achieving stable voltage output even in strong magnetic environments. This helps reduce the failure rate of the power supply system and the failure rate of implantable medical devices using the power supply system, extending their lifespan.

[0042] Depending on the requirements of certain implantable medical devices (e.g., pacemakers, deep brain stimulators), preferably, the boost voltage requirement of the power supply system 100 is boosted up to a maximum of the base voltage V. dc Four times the base voltage is sufficient (i.e., by adjustment, the output voltage can be made to be the base voltage V). dc If the voltage is 1, 2, 3, or 4 times that of the base voltage (e.g., around 12V), then the boost module 120 can include three boost capacitors. However, it should be understood that the invention is not limited thereto. In one embodiment, the output of the power supply system can reach a maximum of the base voltage V. dcIt only needs to be twice the base voltage (that is, by adjustment, the output voltage can be the base voltage V). dc If the voltage is 1 times or 2 times the base voltage, then the boost module may include only one boost capacitor. In another embodiment, the output of the power supply system can reach a maximum of the base voltage V. dc Three times the base voltage is sufficient (i.e., by adjustment, the output voltage can be made to be the base voltage V). dc If the boost factor is 1, 2, or 3 times, then the boost module may include only two boost capacitors. In another embodiment, by adjusting the settings of the boost module and using a corresponding control module 130, the power system 100 can also meet boost requirements of 5 times or more. In the power system 100 of this embodiment, if the boost factor is N (N is an integer greater than or equal to 1), then the number of boost capacitors in the boost module 120 can be controlled to be (N-1).

[0043] This invention also relates to an output voltage control method using the power supply system 100 described above, referring to... Figure 2 The power supply system 100 used may include the voltage signal output terminal V from the control module 130. clk Cascaded inverting units S1, S2, ..., S n The inverting units S1, S2, ..., S1 at each stage n Output nodes G1, G2, G3..., G n Connect each boost capacitor C1, C2, ..., C to the respective boost capacitors. n The voltages (V1, V2, V3, ..., V) at multiple series nodes between the lower electrode and the diode series link. n These are the boost capacitors C1, C2, ..., C6, respectively. n The voltage of the upper plate, Figure 2 The power supply system shown can be viewed as a power supply system structure where n equals 3, and it includes three boost capacitors C1, C2, and C3. Figure 2 In this context, C4 represents the energy storage filter capacitor. In other embodiments, there may be multiple energy storage filter capacitors, such as two or three.

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic flowchart of an output voltage control method according to an embodiment of the present invention. See also... Figure 4 The output voltage control method includes the following first step and second step:

[0045] First step: Set the boost factor according to the boost requirements and the base voltage;

[0046] The second step: According to the boost factor, under the control of the clock signal, the lower plate of each boost capacitor is adjusted to one of the following states: high level, low level, and high impedance, thereby adjusting the voltage of the boost output terminal to a set multiple of the base voltage; wherein, when the boost factor is set to N, the first (N-1) stages of the inverting units connected to the voltage signal output terminal are enabled while the remaining stages are disabled. A voltage signal with periodic high and low levels is input to the enabled inverting units at each stage through the voltage signal output terminal. As the voltage signal changes, the energy storage filter capacitor is charged and stabilized at N times the base voltage, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0047] In the above output voltage control method, the boost factor refers to the ratio of the voltage Vo at the boost output terminal to the base voltage. When N=1, the boost factor is 1, that is, Vo=V dc When "enabling (N-1) levels of the inverter units in each level" is mentioned, it actually means disabling all inverter units. The following uses... Figure 2 Taking the power supply system shown as an example, the control methods for boost ratios of 1, 2, 3 and 4 are explained respectively.

[0048] When the boost factor is 1, each inverting unit is disabled, and the output of each inverting unit is prohibited. The output terminal is in a high-impedance state, that is, the output node connected to the lower plate of each boost capacitor is in a high-impedance state, the lower plate of each boost capacitor is open-circuited, and the voltage V at the boost output terminal is... O The base voltage, i.e., V O =V dc ;

[0049] When the boost factor is 2, the inverting unit connected to the output of the voltage signal is controlled, i.e., the first-stage inverting unit in the inverting unit. Figure 2 In the middle, the inverting unit S1 is connected to the voltage signal V. clk That is, the first-level inverting unit is enabled, while the remaining inverting units (referring to all inverting units in the level after the enabled inverting unit, such as...) are enabled. Figure 2 The second-stage inverting unit S2 and the third-stage inverting unit S3 in the first-stage inverting unit (e.g., in the first-stage inverting unit) are disabled, and the first-stage inverting unit (e.g., in the second-stage inverting unit S2 and the third-stage inverting unit S3) is disabled. Figure 2 The input S1) is a voltage signal that changes periodically between high and low levels. As the voltage signal changes, the energy storage filter capacitor (such as...) Figure 2 C4) is charged and regulated to twice the base voltage, and the voltage V at the boost output terminal is... O =2V dc ;

[0050] When the boost factor is 3, the first-stage inverting unit (S1) and the second-stage inverting unit (S2) connected to the output node G1 of the first-stage inverting unit (S1) are enabled, while the remaining inverting units (referring to all inverting units after the enabled inverting unit, such as...) are enabled. Figure 2 The third-stage inverting unit (S3) is disabled, and a voltage signal with periodically changing high and low levels is input to the first-stage inverting unit (S1). As the voltage signal changes, the energy storage filter capacitor is charged and stabilized at 3 times the base voltage, i.e., the voltage V at the boost output terminal. O =3V dc ;

[0051] When the boost factor is 4, the first-stage inverting unit (S1), the second-stage inverting unit (S2), and the third-stage inverting unit (S3) connected to the output of the second-stage inverting unit (S2) are enabled, while the remaining inverting units are disabled (e.g., ...). Figure 2 As shown, when no inverting unit is set after the enabled inverting unit, the number of "other inverting units" is 0. At this time, all inverting units in the control module are enabled, and a voltage signal with periodic high and low levels is input to the first-stage inverting unit (S1). As the voltage signal changes, the energy storage filter capacitor is charged and stabilized at 4 times the base voltage, that is, the voltage V at the boost output terminal. O =4V dc .

[0052] The following is for reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The base voltage V is converted using power supply system 100. dc Increase to 2, 3, or 4 times the base voltage V dc (i.e., the voltage V at the boost output terminal) O 2V respectively dc 3V dc 4V dc Taking an example, the output voltage control method of this embodiment of the invention will be further explained. It can be understood that in some embodiments, the boost factor set in the first step can also be greater than 4. In the second step, each of the inverting units can be enabled or disabled according to the boost factor set in the first step, and the voltage signal output from the voltage signal output terminal can be controlled, so that as the voltage signal changes, the voltage V at the boost output terminal... O Reaching the base voltage V dcThe setting multiple. The following explanation uses the example where all inverting units in the power supply system 100 are enabled at a low level. This means that when the enable signal is low, the inverting unit can output inverted signals, and when the enable signal is high, the inverting unit is disabled. It is understood that in some embodiments, depending on the specific type of inverting unit, at least some inverting units in the power supply system can also be enabled at a high level. Therefore, the level of the enable signal can be changed accordingly to enable or disable the inverting unit.

[0053] In one embodiment, the power supply system 100 outputs twice the base voltage, i.e., V. O =2V dc To achieve this objective, the control module 130 controls the output of the voltage signal output terminal and the enable signal output terminal to perform the following process:

[0054] When enable signal P1 is low and P2 and P3 are high, the first-stage inverting unit S1 is turned on, and the output node G1 is at the voltage signal V. clk The second-stage inverting unit S2 and the third-stage inverting unit S3 are disabled from output. Output nodes G2 and G3 are in a high-impedance state. The lower plates of boost capacitors C2 and C3 are open-circuited. The voltage is boosted using boost capacitor C1.

[0055] At the initial time t0, the voltage signal V input from the voltage signal output terminal of the control module 130 to the first-stage inverting unit S1 is... clk When the voltage level is high, the output node G1 corresponding to the first-stage inverting unit S1 is low, and the voltage V1 of the series node connected to the upper plate of the boost capacitor C1 is the base voltage V. dc The voltage difference of the boost capacitor C1 is V. dc And begin charging to V dc ;

[0056] At the first time t1, the voltage signal V clk When the voltage is low, the output node G1 corresponding to the first-stage inverting unit S1 is high, and the voltage on the upper plate of the boost capacitor C1 rises to 2V. dc The voltage V1 at the corresponding series node is 2V. dc The energy storage filter capacitor C4 begins to charge and stabilizes at 2V. dc The final boost output voltage V O Reaching 2V dc .

[0057] In one embodiment, the voltage V at the boost output terminal of the power supply system 100 is... O To achieve 3 times the base voltage, i.e., V O =3V dcTo achieve this objective, the control module 130 controls the output of the voltage signal output terminal and the enable signal output terminal to perform the following process:

[0058] When enable signals P1 and P2 are low and P3 is high, the first-stage inverting unit S1 and the second-stage inverting unit S2 are enabled to output, and the output node G1 is at the voltage signal V. clk The output node G2 is the inverted version of the output node G1. The third-stage inverting unit S3 is disabled, the output node G3 is in a high-impedance state, the lower plate of the boost capacitor C3 is open, and the voltage is boosted using boost capacitors C1 and C2.

[0059] At the initial time t0, the voltage signal V clk When G1 is high, G2 is low, and G2 is high, the voltages V1 and V2 at the two series nodes in the diode series link are both V. dc The voltage difference of the boost capacitor C1 is V. dc And begin charging to V dc The voltage difference of the boost capacitor C2 is 0V;

[0060] At the first time t1, the voltage signal V clk When the voltage level is low, the output node G1 of the first-stage inverting unit S1 is high, and the output node G2 of the second-stage inverting unit S2 is low. The voltage V1 at the series node connected to the upper plate of the boost capacitor C1 rises to 2V. dc The voltage difference of the boost capacitor C1 is 2V. dc And started charging to 2V. dc ;

[0061] At the second time t2, the voltage signal V clk When the voltage level is high, the output node G1 of the first-stage inverting unit S1 is low, the output node G2 of the second-stage inverting unit S2 is high, and the voltage V1 of the series node connected to the upper plate of the boost capacitor C1 is V. dc The voltage V2 at the series node connected to the upper plate of the boost capacitor C2 is 3V. dc The energy storage filter capacitor C4 begins to charge and is stabilized at 3V. dc The final boost output voltage V O Reaching 3V dc .

[0062] In one embodiment, the voltage V at the boost output terminal of the power supply system 100 is... O To achieve 4 times the base voltage, i.e., V O =4V dc To achieve this objective, the control module 130 controls the output of the voltage signal output terminal and the enable signal output terminal, executing the following process:

[0063] When enable signals P1, P2, and P3 are low, the first-stage inverting unit S1, the second-stage inverting unit S2, and the third-stage inverting unit S3 are enabled to output, and the output of output node G1 is the voltage signal V. clk The output of output node G2 is the inverse of G1, and the output of output node G3 is the inverse of G2. Boost capacitors C1, C2, and C3 are all used for voltage boosting.

[0064] At the initial time t0, the voltage signal V clk When the voltage level is high, the output node G1 corresponding to the first-stage inverting unit S1 is low, the output node G2 corresponding to the second-stage inverting unit S2 is high, and the output node G3 corresponding to the third-stage inverting unit S3 is low. Correspondingly, the voltages V1, V2, and V3 at the three series nodes in the diode series link are all V. dc The voltage difference of the boost capacitor C1 is V. dc And begin charging to V dc The pressure difference at C2 is 0V, and the pressure difference at C3 is V. dc And begin charging to V dc ;

[0065] At the first time t1, the voltage signal V clk With the output level low, output nodes G1 are high, G2 is low, and G3 is high. The voltage V1 of the series node connected to the upper plate of the boost capacitor C1 corresponding to the first-stage inverting unit S1 rises to 2V. dc The voltage difference of the boost capacitor C2 is 2V. dc And begin charging to raise the voltage of the series node V2 to 2V. dc The voltage at the series node V3 corresponding to the boost capacitor C3 rises to 2V. dc ;

[0066] At the second time t2, the voltage signal V clk With the output level high, output nodes G1 is low, G2 is high, and G3 is low. The voltages V1 and V2 at the series nodes connected to the upper plates of boost capacitors C1 and C2 are respectively V. dc and 3V dc The voltage difference of the boost capacitor C3 is 3V. dc And started charging to 3V. dc This causes the voltage V3 at the corresponding series node to rise to 3V. dc ;

[0067] At the third time t3, the voltage signal V clk When the voltage level is low, output nodes G1 are high, G2 is low, and G3 is high. Correspondingly, the voltage V1 at the series node connected to the upper plate of the boost capacitor C1 is 2V. dcThe voltage V2 at the series node connected to the upper plate of the boost capacitor C2 is 2V. dc The voltage V3 at the series node connected to the upper plate of the boost capacitor C3 is 4V. dc The energy storage filter capacitor C4 begins to charge and is regulated to 4V. dc The final boost output voltage V O 4V dc .

[0068] The initial time t0 and the first time t1, the first time t1 and the second time t2, and the second time t2 and the third time t3 mentioned above can belong to the same voltage waveform period, or they can be separated by several voltage waveform periods. Furthermore, when the voltage difference of the energy storage filter capacitor C4 reaches the base voltage V... dc After setting the multiplier, the power system 100 can keep the enable signal unchanged and make the voltage signal V clk The voltage difference of the energy storage filter capacitor C4 remains stable at the base voltage V, following the original periodic variation. dc The set multiplier. When it is necessary to change the voltage at the boost output terminal, the output of the enable signal terminal can be changed to restore the boost module to its initial state. Then, the corresponding high and low level periodically changing voltage signal is input to the cascaded inverting unit through the voltage signal output terminal to obtain the corresponding output voltage.

[0069] The power supply system and output voltage control method of the implantable medical device in this embodiment can increase the base voltage output of the base voltage module 110 to meet the higher voltage design requirements of the implantable medical device. Furthermore, by adjusting the output signals of the base voltage module 110, the boost module 120, and the control module 130, the ratio of the final boosted output voltage to the base voltage can be adjusted. This method of adjustable ratio does not require changes to the hardware structure, is flexible, and can be used to meet the needs of different types or states of implantable medical devices, as well as the personalized needs of different patients. The power supply system 100 can be implanted into the human body along with the implantable portion of the implantable medical device. The boost module 120 of the power supply system 100 does not require inductors, and the control module 120 can also utilize a structure without inductors. Therefore, the power supply system 100 can operate normally even in strong magnetic environments, meeting the boost requirements of the implantable medical device while improving anti-interference capabilities and enhancing the stability of the voltage output.

[0070] This invention also relates to an implantable medical device, in which the aforementioned power system 100 is provided; that is, the power system 100 can be the power system of the implantable medical device. The implantable medical device may be a cardiac pacemaker, a deep brain stimulator, etc. Because of the use of the aforementioned power system 100, the output voltage of the power system 100 is adjustable, and the power system 100 does not include inductive components, enabling the implantable medical device to operate normally even in a strong magnetic environment. This greatly improves the device's anti-interference capability in strong magnetic environments, enhances the stability of the high-voltage power supply required by the operating circuit, and reduces the device failure rate.

[0071] In different circuit implementations, the structures of the boost module and control module of the power supply system of the present invention may differ. However, it should be understood that circuits formed by changing their implementation methods without departing from the technical principles of the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0072] The above description is merely a description of preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make possible changes and modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention by utilizing the methods and techniques disclosed above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power supply system, characterized in that, include: The basic power module is used to provide a basic voltage; A boost module includes at least two diodes and at least two boost capacitors. The at least two diodes are connected in series to form a diode series link. The positive terminal of the diode series link is connected to the positive terminal of the basic power module, and the negative terminal of the diode series link is connected to the boost output terminal of the power system. The upper plate of each boost capacitor is connected to a different series node in the diode series link. as well as, A control module is connected to the boost module. The control module is configured to set the boost factor based on the boost requirement, and adjust the lower plate of each boost capacitor to one of the high level, low level and high impedance states under the control of a clock signal, thereby adjusting the voltage of the boost output terminal to a set multiple of the base voltage. The control module includes: A set of cascaded inverting units, the output of each inverting unit being connected to the lower plate of a corresponding boost capacitor; and, The signal control unit has a voltage signal output terminal and several enable signal output terminals. The voltage signal output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the first-stage inverting unit, and each of the enable signal output terminals is connected to the enable input terminal of each stage of the inverting unit. This ensures that each stage of the inverting unit can only receive the voltage signal at its own input terminal and perform inversion operation after obtaining a valid enable signal. Otherwise, the output terminal of the inverting unit is in a high-impedance state. When the boost factor is set to N and N is selected from a positive integer not exceeding the sum of the number of boost capacitors in the boost module and 1, the first (N-1) stages of the inverting units connected to the voltage signal output terminal are enabled, while the remaining stages are disabled. A voltage signal with periodic high and low level changes is input to each stage of the enabled inverting unit through the voltage signal output terminal.

2. The power supply system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The boost module also includes at least one energy storage filter capacitor, the upper plate of which is connected to the boost output terminal and the lower plate is grounded.

3. The power supply system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the enable signal output is low, the enable signal is valid, so that the corresponding inverting unit receives the voltage signal and performs the inversion operation; when the enable signal output is high, the enable signal is invalid, so that the output of the inverting unit is in a high-impedance state.

4. The power supply system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage signal output from the voltage signal output terminal is a square wave signal. The high-level voltage value of the square wave signal is equal to the base voltage, and the low-level voltage value of the square wave signal is 0 V.

5. The power supply system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The frequency range of the voltage signal output from the voltage signal output terminal is 10 kHz to 200 kHz.

6. The power supply system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The signal control unit is an implantable microcontroller.

7. The power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The basic power supply module is a DC power supply, and the basic voltage is 2.5V~3.7V.

8. The power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The boost module includes 2 to 4 boost capacitors.

9. The power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The power system is the power system for an implantable medical device, which is a pacemaker or a deep brain stimulator.

10. A method for controlling the output voltage of a power supply system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, include: The boost factor is set according to the boost requirement and the base voltage; According to the set boost factor, under the control of the clock signal, the lower plate of each boost capacitor is adjusted to one of the high level, low level and high impedance states, thereby adjusting the voltage of the boost output terminal to a set multiple of the base voltage; When the boost factor is set to N, the first (N-1) stages of the inverting units connected to the voltage signal output terminal are enabled while the remaining stages are disabled. A voltage signal with periodic high and low levels is input to the enabled inverting units at each stage through the voltage signal output terminal. As the voltage signal changes, the energy storage filter capacitor is charged and stabilized at N times the base voltage, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

11. The output voltage control method as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The lower plate of the boost capacitor is adjusted to one of three states: high level, low level, and high impedance, using the following method: When the inverting unit is enabled, the voltage signal input to the inverting unit is set to a high level so that the lower plate of the boost capacitor corresponding to the inverting unit is at a low level. When the inverting unit is enabled, the voltage signal input to the inverting unit is set to a low level, so that the lower plate of the boost capacitor corresponding to the inverting unit is at a high level; or, By adjusting the enable signal of the inverting unit to disable the inverting unit, the lower plate of the boost capacitor corresponding to the inverting unit is in a high-resistance state.

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