An integrated equipment for pre-treating engineering slag

Abstract

The application discloses an engineering slag pretreatment integrated equipment, which comprises an intelligent monitoring system and sequentially connected feeding system, multi-stage impurity removal system, multi-stage crushing system, granulation system and screening system, etc., the feeding system comprises a feeding bin with vibration, a screen mesh with spring damping is arranged at the inlet of the feeding bin, the multi-stage impurity removal system comprises an electromagnetic iron removal unit and a light substance removal unit, the multi-stage crushing system comprises a crushing bin and a three-stage rotary hammer unit, the granulation system comprises a granulation bin and a soil cutting knife unit, and the intelligent monitoring system monitors the working current fluctuation of each system in real time. The engineering slag adopts the pretreatment process of first removing impurities, then crushing, then granulating and finally screening, and has the advantages of reasonable process design, good pretreatment effect, high efficiency and the like; the slag wall sticking and blocking phenomenon is avoided, and the pretreatment efficiency is improved; the functions of impurity removal, crushing, granulation and screening are integrated, the adaptability to different characteristic engineering slags is high, and the application and popularization potential are great.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of equipment development technology for the resource utilization of construction waste, specifically relating to an integrated equipment for the pretreatment of engineering waste. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of urban underground space, the amount of construction waste generated by engineering excavation and tunnel boring machine construction has increased dramatically. Therefore, how to scientifically and effectively reuse construction waste is an urgent problem that needs to be solved to achieve sustainable urban development at this stage.

[0003] Construction waste soil is difficult to utilize directly due to its wide range of sources, diverse properties, complex composition, and low strength. It requires necessary pretreatment, such as impurity removal, soil property adjustment, and particle size reduction. Currently, equipment used for pretreatment of hard construction waste such as brick, concrete, and stone often becomes clogged due to the high adhesiveness of the waste soil, resulting in poor treatment efficiency. Other patents and papers mention mud-sand separation methods, which involve mixing waste soil with water to create a slurry. After filtration and washing, higher-value sand and gravel aggregates are recovered. However, this generates a large amount of slurry, which causes significant pollution if directly discharged. Mechanical dewatering is costly and difficult to promote. Given the significant muddy resource attributes of construction waste soil, and considering its complex composition and high adhesiveness, it has great resource potential but is difficult to treat and dispose of. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop efficient pretreatment equipment for construction waste soil to achieve impurity removal, crushing, and screening, thereby improving the resource utilization rate of construction waste soil. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated equipment for the pretreatment of engineering waste soil to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is accomplished through the following technical solution:

[0006] An integrated pretreatment equipment for construction waste is provided, comprising an intelligent monitoring system, a conveying system, and a feeding system, a multi-stage impurity removal system, a multi-stage crushing system, a granulation system, and a screening system connected in sequence. The feeding system includes a vibrating feeding hopper with a spring-loaded damped screen at the hopper's inlet. The multi-stage impurity removal system includes an electromagnetic iron removal unit and a light material removal unit. The multi-stage crushing system includes a crushing chamber and a three-stage rotating hammer unit located within the crushing chamber. The granulation system includes a granulation chamber and a cutting blade unit located within the granulation chamber. The conveying system provides material transport between the above systems. The intelligent monitoring system monitors the operating current fluctuations of the above systems in real time.

[0007] As described in the integrated pretreatment equipment for engineering waste, the screen mesh has a aperture of 12-35cm and a mesh inclination angle of not less than 30°.

[0008] As described in the integrated pretreatment equipment for engineering waste, the angle between the lower inclined plate of the feeding hopper and the horizontal line is greater than the angle of repose of the engineering waste to be treated and is not less than 5°.

[0009] As described in the integrated pretreatment equipment for engineering waste, the magnetic strength of the electromagnetic iron removal unit is adjustable.

[0010] As described in the integrated equipment for pretreatment of engineering waste, the light material removal unit is an intermittent rotary rake, which includes a rotary rake arm with rake teeth. The rotary rake arm has no less than 3 rake teeth per row along the axial direction, and the spacing between the rake teeth is 5 to 15 cm.

[0011] As described in the integrated pretreatment equipment for engineering waste, the crushing chamber is composed of high-strength lining plates with a longitudinal cross-section that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, resembling an inverted trapezoid. The angle between the side wall of the crushing chamber and the horizontal line is greater than the angle of repose of the engineering waste to be treated and is not less than 10°.

[0012] As described in the integrated equipment for pretreatment of engineering waste, the three-stage rotary hammer unit includes three staggered rotary hammer units. Each rotary hammer unit includes a first rotating shaft and hammer heads that are equally spaced on the first rotating shaft via connecting rods. When the rotary hammer unit rotates, it forms a rotating working area.

[0013] As described in the integrated pretreatment equipment for engineering waste, two rotating hammer units are located above and rotate in opposite directions. The distance between the rotating working areas of the two upper rotating hammer units is 5 to 25 cm, and the rotating working area of ​​the lower rotating hammer unit is located below the gap between the rotating working areas of the two upper rotating hammer units.

[0014] As described in the integrated pretreatment equipment for engineering waste, the angle between the side wall of the granulation bin and the horizontal line is greater than the angle of repose of the engineering waste to be treated and is not less than 10°.

[0015] As described in the integrated equipment for pretreatment of engineering waste soil, the cutting blade unit consists of a second rotating shaft with adjustable rotation speed and blades arranged along the second rotating shaft, with the blades spaced 1 to 4 cm apart.

[0016] As described in the integrated pretreatment equipment for engineering waste, the screening system is either a vibrating screen or a drum screen, with a screen aperture size of 2 to 6 cm. The angle between the screen surface of the vibrating screen or the rotating shaft of the drum screen and the horizontal line is not less than 30° and not more than 60°. A belt conveyor system with a corresponding inclination angle is set below the vibrating screen or the drum screen, and the conveying speed is adjustable.

[0017] As described in the integrated pretreatment equipment for engineering waste, the conveying system is one or a combination of chain conveyor or belt conveyor, and the conveying speed is adjustable.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the technical solution of this invention are:

[0019] 1. The present invention adopts a pretreatment process for engineering waste soil, which involves first removing impurities, then crushing, then granulating, and finally screening. It has the advantages of reasonable process design, good pretreatment effect, and high efficiency.

[0020] 2. In response to the strong adhesion of construction waste soil, innovative designs were made for the material selection, tilt angle design, crushing and granulation processes of the silos in each system of the device of this invention, which avoids the phenomenon of waste soil sticking to the wall and greatly improves the pretreatment efficiency.

[0021] 3. This invention has the advantages of integrating functions such as impurity removal, crushing, granulation and screening. It is highly applicable to engineering waste soil with different characteristics and has great potential for promotion and application. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To further illustrate the above-mentioned objectives, structural features, and effects of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Feeding system; 1-1. Feeding bin; 1-2. Screen; 1-3. Spring shock absorber; 1-4. Vibrator; 2. Multi-stage impurity removal system; 2-1. Electromagnetic iron removal unit; 2-2. Light material removal unit; 2-21. Rake teeth; 2-22. Rotary rake arm; 3. Multi-stage crushing system; 3-1. Crushing bin; 3-2. Rotary hammer unit; 3-21. First rotating shaft; 3-22. Connecting rod; 3-23. Hammer head; 3-24. Rotary working area; 4. Granulation system; 4-1. Granulation bin; 4-2. Soil cutting knife unit; 4-21. Second rotating shaft; 4-22. Blade; 5. Screening system; 5-1. Drum screen; 5-2. Belt conveyor system; 6. Chain plate conveyor; 7. Belt conveyor; 8. Pre-treated slag; 9. Oversized impurities. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but this is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0026] See Figure 1As shown, the integrated pretreatment equipment for engineering waste soil of the present invention includes an intelligent monitoring system, a conveying system, and a feeding system 1, a multi-stage impurity removal system 2, a multi-stage crushing system 3, a granulation system 4, and a screening system 5 connected in sequence. The feeding system 1 includes a vibrating feeding hopper 1-1, and a spring-loaded damped screen 1-2 is provided at the inlet of the feeding hopper 1-1. The multi-stage impurity removal system 2 includes an electromagnetic iron removal unit 2-1 and a light material removal unit 2-2. The multi-stage crushing system 3 includes a crushing chamber 3-1 and a three-stage rotating hammer unit located in the crushing chamber 3-1. The granulation system 4 includes a granulation chamber 4-1 and a soil cutting knife unit 4-2 located in the granulation chamber 4-1. The conveying system provides material transportation between the above systems. The intelligent monitoring system monitors the fluctuations of the operating current of the above systems in real time.

[0027] Referring again to the diagram, the feeding system 1 consists of a feeding bin 1-1, a screen 1-2, spring shock absorbers 1-3, and a vibrator 1-4. The angle between the screen surface of 1-2 and the horizontal line is α1, and the angle between the lower inclined plate of the feeding bin 1-1 and the horizontal line is α2. Specifically, the inclination angle α1 of the screen surface of 1-2 is not less than 30°, which facilitates the falling of small-diameter materials on the screen 1-2 and the rolling removal of oversized materials. The aperture of the screen 1-2 in the feeding system 1 is proportional to the equipment's processing capacity, ranging from 12 to 35 cm. The screen 1-2 is connected to the feeding bin 1-1 below through spring shock absorbers 1-3 at its four corners, and the vibrator 1-4 is installed below the screen 1-2.

[0028] Furthermore, the feeding hopper 1-1 is made of stainless steel plate or galvanized plate for the inner wall. The angle α2 between the lower inclined plate of the feeding hopper 1-1 and the horizontal line is greater than the angle of repose of the engineering waste to be treated by not less than 5°. A vibrator 1-4 is installed at the lower part of the feeding hopper 1-1 to reduce the adhesion of engineering waste to the inner wall of the feeding hopper.

[0029] The electromagnetic iron removal unit 2-1 in the multi-stage impurity removal system 2 has adjustable magnetic strength. The light material removal unit 2-2 is an intermittent rotary rake, including a rotary rake arm 2-22 with rake teeth 2-21. Each row of rake teeth 2-21 on the rotary rake arm 2-22 along the axial direction has no less than 3 teeth, and the spacing between the rake teeth 2-21 is preferably 5-15 cm. The multi-stage impurity removal system 2 can remove iron waste and light waste such as plastic, cloth, foam and wood from engineering waste, preventing these impurities from entering the crushing system, thereby protecting the equipment and improving crushing efficiency.

[0030] See Figure 1As shown, the crushing chamber 3-1 of the multi-stage crushing system 3 has a longitudinal cross-section that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, formed by high-strength liners. Specifically, it consists of a top high-strength liner 3-11, side wall high-strength liners 3-12, and a three-stage rotating hammer unit consisting of three rotating hammer units 3-2 inside. Further, the rotating hammer unit 3-2 includes a first rotating shaft 3-21 and hammers 3-23 that are equally spaced on the first rotating shaft 3-21 via connecting rods 3-22. When the rotating hammer unit 3-2 rotates, it forms a rotating working area 3-24.

[0031] In the multi-stage crushing system 3, the three-stage rotary hammer units 3-2 are staggered. Two rotary hammer units 3-2 are located above and rotate towards each other. The rotation direction allows the falling construction waste to be hammered upwards and impact the high-strength liner, achieving crushing. Simultaneously, the distance d between the rotating working areas 3-24 of the two upper rotary hammer units 3-2 is adjustable. The rotating working area 3-24 of the lower rotary hammer unit 3-2 is located below the gap between the rotating working areas 3-24 of the two upper rotary hammer units 3-2, and the rotation direction of the lower rotary hammer unit 3-2 allows the falling construction waste to be hammered again and thrown upwards, further achieving crushing. During the multi-stage crushing process of construction waste, on the one hand, the hard debris such as bricks, concrete, and stones encasing the construction waste separates from the soil / bricks, concrete, and stones when hammered and impacted by the high-strength liner; on the other hand, the separated bricks, concrete, and stones are further crushed, resulting in a good crushing effect.

[0032] Furthermore, the number and size of the connecting rods 3-22 and hammers 3-23 installed along the first rotating shaft 3-21 in the rotating hammer unit 3-2 of the multi-stage crushing system 3 are adjustable, specifically adjusted according to crushing requirements and crushing efficiency. The distance d between the rotating working areas 3-24 of the two upper rotating hammer units 3-2 is achieved by adjusting the size of the connecting rods 3-22 and hammers 3-23, preferably 5-25cm. This avoids clogging. Even if the amount of engineering waste to be crushed increases or the adhesion of the engineering waste increases at a certain moment, causing clogging between the rotating working areas of the two rotating hammer units 3-2, when the rotating hammer unit 3-2 stops rotating, the connecting rods 3-22 and hammers 3-23 hang freely, increasing the distance and eliminating the clogging.

[0033] Furthermore, the crushing chamber 3-1 is equipped with high-strength lining plates, and the angle β between the crushing chamber 3-1 and the horizontal line is greater than the angle of repose of the engineering waste to be processed by not less than 10°, which can prevent the engineering waste from adhering to the side wall and improve the crushing efficiency.

[0034] The angle γ1 between the side wall of the granulation chamber 4-1 of the granulation system 4 and the horizontal line is greater than the angle of repose of the excavated soil to be treated by not less than 10°. The cutting blade unit 4-2 consists of a second rotating shaft 4-21 with adjustable rotation speed and blades 4-22 arranged along the second rotating shaft 4-21. The rotation speed of the second rotating shaft 4-21 is adjustable, and the rotation direction ensures that the blades 4-22 cut in the direction of excavated soil falling, thus avoiding clogging. Furthermore, the spacing between the blades 4-22 of the granulation system 4 can be adjusted according to granulation requirements and efficiency, preferably 1 to 4 cm.

[0035] After being granulated, the construction waste falls into screening system 5, which is either a vibrating screen or a drum screen 5-1 with a screen aperture size of 2-6 cm. Preferably, a drum screen 5-1 can be selected for screening to improve screening efficiency.

[0036] Furthermore, the angle γ2 between the screen surface of the vibrating screen or the rotating shaft of the drum screen 5-1 and the horizontal line is not less than 30° and not greater than 60°, and a belt conveyor system 5-2 with a corresponding inclination angle is set below the vibrating screen or drum screen 5-1 with adjustable conveying speed.

[0037] Understandably, the conveying system is one or a combination of chain conveyor 6 or belt conveyor 7, with adjustable conveying speed. A multi-stage impurity removal system 2 is installed above the chain conveyor 6, using the belt conveyor 7 to transport the crushed construction waste to the granulation system 4. Finally, the pretreated waste 8 and oversized impurities 9 are discharged from the screening system 5.

[0038] The intelligent monitoring system is connected to the feeding system 1, multi-stage impurity removal system 2, multi-stage crushing system 3, granulation system 4, screening system 5, and conveying system for real-time monitoring of working current. It can monitor the fluctuation of working current of each system in real time. When the current of a certain system changes abnormally, the intelligent monitoring system will control the power supply of the front-end system to the back-end system in sequence to avoid equipment jamming and form a protection.

[0039] This invention obtains pretreated construction waste with good homogeneity and particle size that meets usage requirements through multi-stage impurity removal, multi-stage crushing, granulation, and screening, facilitating further resource utilization of the construction waste. The pretreatment process, which involves impurity removal, crushing, granulation, and screening, offers advantages such as reasonable process design, good pretreatment effect, and high efficiency. Addressing the strong adhesion of construction waste, the invention innovatively designs the material selection, tilt angle design, crushing, and granulation processes of each system's hoppers, preventing clogging and significantly improving pretreatment efficiency. This invention integrates impurity removal, crushing, granulation, and screening functions, making it highly applicable to construction waste with different characteristics and possessing great potential for widespread application.

[0040] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the implementation methods and protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should recognize that any equivalent substitutions and obvious changes made based on the description and illustrations of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated apparatus for pretreating engineered soil, characterized by, The pretreatment integrated equipment includes an intelligent monitoring system, a conveying system, and a feeding system (1), a multi-stage impurity removal system (2), a multi-stage crushing system (3), a granulation system (4), and a screening system (5) connected in sequence. The feeding system (1) includes a vibrating feeding bin (1-1). The inlet of the feeding bin (1-1) is equipped with a spring-loaded screen (1-2). The screen (1-2) has a mesh size of 12~35cm and a mesh inclination angle of not less than 30°. The angle between the lower inclined plate of the feeding bin (1-1) and the horizontal line is greater than the angle of repose of the engineering slag to be treated and not less than 5°. The multi-stage impurity removal system (2) includes an electromagnetic iron removal unit (2-1) and a light material removal unit (2-2). The multi-stage crushing system (3) includes a crushing bin (3-1) and a three-stage rotating hammer unit located in the crushing bin (3-1). The crushing bin (3-1) is made of high-strength lining plates. The cross-section has an inverted trapezoidal structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. The angle between the side wall of the crushing chamber (3-1) and the horizontal line is greater than the angle of repose of the engineering waste to be processed and is not less than 10°. The three-stage rotating hammer unit includes three staggered rotating hammer units (3-2). Each rotating hammer unit (3-2) includes a first rotating shaft (3-21) and hammers (3-23) that are equally spaced on the first rotating shaft (3-21) via connecting rods (3-22). The number and size of the connecting rods (3-22) and hammers (3-23) installed along the direction of the first rotating shaft (3-21) in the rotating hammer unit (3-2) are adjustable. The two rotating hammer units (3-2) located at the top rotate in opposite directions, and the rotation direction allows the falling engineering waste to be hammered and impact the high-strength liner plate upwards. When the rotating hammer unit (3-2) rotates, it forms a rotating working area (3-24). When the rotating hammer unit (3-2) rotates, it forms a rotating working area (3-24). 2) When rotation stops, the connecting rod (3) 22) and hammer (3) 23) Freely hang down, allowing the two upper rotating hammer units (3) to hang freely. 2) Rotary working area (3) The spacing of 24) increases, and the rotating working area (3-24) of the lower rotating hammer unit (3-2) is below the gap between the rotating working areas (3-24) of the two upper rotating hammer units (3-2), and the lower rotating hammer unit (3-24) 2) The rotation direction can cause the falling engineering waste to be hammered and thrown upwards again; the granulation system (4) includes a granulation bin (4-1) and a cutting blade unit (4-2) installed in the granulation bin (4-1). The angle between the side wall of the granulation bin (4-1) and the horizontal line is greater than the angle of repose of the engineering waste to be treated and not less than 10°. The screening system (5) is one of a vibrating screen or a drum screen (5-1). The angle between the screen surface of the vibrating screen or the rotating shaft of the drum screen (5-1) and the horizontal line is not less than 30° and not greater than At 60°, the conveying system provides material conveying between the feeding system (1), the multi-stage impurity removal system (2), the multi-stage crushing system (3), the granulation system (4), and the screening system (5). The intelligent monitoring system monitors the fluctuations in the working current of the feeding system (1), the multi-stage impurity removal system (2), the multi-stage crushing system (3), the granulation system (4), the screening system (5), and the conveying system in real time. If an abnormal change occurs in the current of a certain system, the intelligent monitoring system will control the power outage from the front-end system to the back-end system in sequence.

2. The integrated equipment for pretreatment of engineering waste as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic strength of the electromagnetic iron removal unit (2-1) is adjustable.

3. The integrated apparatus for pretreating construction sludge according to claim 1, wherein The light material removal unit (2-2) is an intermittent rotary rake, including a rotary rake arm (2-22) with rake teeth (2-21). The rotary rake arm (2-22) has no less than 3 rake teeth (2-21) in each row along the axial direction, and the spacing between the rake teeth (2-21) is 5-15cm.

4. The engineered soil pretreatment integrated apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The distance between the rotating working areas (3-24) of the two rotating hammer units (3-2) above is 5-25cm.

5. The engineered soil pretreatment integrated apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The soil cutting blade unit (4-2) consists of a second rotating shaft (4-21) with adjustable rotation speed and blades (4-22) arranged along the second rotating shaft (4-21), with the blades (4-22) spaced 1 to 4 cm apart.

6. The engineered soil pretreatment integrated apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The screen aperture size of the vibrating screen or drum screen (5-1) is 2-6cm. A belt conveyor system (5-2) with a corresponding inclination angle is set below the vibrating screen or drum screen (5-1) and the conveying speed is adjustable.

7. The engineered soil pretreatment integrated apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The conveying system is one or a combination of chain conveyor (6) or belt conveyor (7), and the conveying speed is adjustable.

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