A method for implementing the construction of pile foundations in deep basements using a hoisting device

Abstract

The present invention is applicable to the field of deep basement construction projects, and provides a new type of hoisting device and a construction method for the pile foundation of a deep basement. The present invention adopts a unique hoisting device, which can complete the construction of engineering piles more simply and quickly. After the hoisting device is disassembled, it can be reused in other hoisting projects, which is economical and environmentally friendly. When constructing the pile foundation of a deep basement by using the construction method of the present invention, the usage amount of building materials and the transportation time can be reduced, the hoisting and welding processes can be greatly reduced, and the construction operation efficiency can be greatly improved. In view of the current continuous upward trend in the prices of building materials, the economic benefits of the construction method of the present invention are particularly prominent, which can provide technical references for future similar projects, is applicable to all engineering projects, and has great application and promotion prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of deep basement construction engineering, and particularly relates to a new type of hoisting device and a construction method for the pile foundation of a deep basement. Background Art

[0002] In the process of urbanization, the living standards of residents have been continuously improved. According to the statistical data of the Macau Transport Bureau and the Statistics and Census Service, as of June 2021, there were approximately 240,000 motor vehicles in Macau in total, while the total number of parking spaces was only approximately 180,000. In the urban area of Macau where every inch of land is precious, due to the small land area of new projects for the reconstruction of the old urban area in the city center, developers are increasingly inclined to set up multi-layer basements for parking purposes to make the best use of the plot space.

[0003] The site area of the Macau Dili Xianna Girls Street Development Project (hereinafter referred to as the Girls Street Project) is approximately 1,194 m2. It is a 31-story high-class residential building, including five basement floors. A total of 309 610 rock-socketed I-beams were constructed with a concentric drill bit, including 178 retaining piles and 131 engineering piles. The excavation depth reached 18 meters, while the length of one standard I-beam was only 12 meters. Therefore, in traditional pile foundation engineering, it was necessary to connect temporary I-beams to the ground to adjust the position of the permanent I-beams and then grout to the ground. However, the engineering piles only needed to reach the designed cut-off level in the pile cap. Therefore, during the excavation, these temporary structures needed to be disassembled and discarded, which not only wasted money but also generated a large amount of construction waste. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a new type of hoisting device and a construction method for the pile foundation of a deep basement, which can solve the problems in the prior art that during excavation, it is necessary to disassemble and discard engineering piles, wasting resources and generating a large amount of construction waste.

[0005] The present invention is realized as follows: A new type of hoisting device includes a connecting part located in the upper half, a hook located in the lower half, and a steel support penetrating through the hook from top to bottom. The connecting part is used for fixedly connecting with a lifting chain. The bottom end of the hook has a clamping groove for clamping into an I-beam. The connecting part and the top of the hook are respectively provided with vertically aligned mounting holes. The outer side wall of the clamping groove is provided with a locking hole aligned with the mounting hole. The steel support can be vertically movably inserted into the mounting hole, and the bottom end of the steel support can be inserted into the locking hole; by adjusting the steel support, the steel support can be inserted downward or pulled out upward from the locking hole.

[0006] Further, the side shape of the hook is C-shaped.

[0007] Further, the connecting part is a channel steel, and the bottom end of the connecting part is welded to the top end of the hook.

[0008] Furthermore, both sides of the top end of the connecting part are provided with lifting lugs for connecting with the lifting chain; several reinforcing plates are arranged on the inner side surface of the connecting part at intervals in the vertical direction along its height, and the mounting holes are also arranged on the reinforcing plates.

[0009] To solve the above problems, the present invention also provides a method for realizing the construction of the deep basement pile foundation by using the above new hoisting device, including the following steps:

[0010] S1. Mark the measurement baseline on both sides of the temporary casing as the reference for the elevation of the I-beam.

[0011] S2. Material preparation: Cut and connect the I-beams, cut the square holes of the I-beams, and install the I-beam limiters.

[0012] S3. Connect the new hoisting device with the I-beam.

[0013] S4. Hoist the I-beam into the bottom of the bearing stratum of the pile hole.

[0014] S5. Adjust the new hoisting device. When the position and cutting surface direction of the I-beam meet the requirements, pull up the steel support, first move the hoisting machine slightly downward and then slightly backward to disengage the new hoisting device from the I-beam; then slowly raise the boom to lift the new hoisting device out of the temporary casing.

[0015] S6. Put the grouting throat pipe into the temporary steel casing for grouting.

[0016] S7. After the grouting is completed, pull out all the temporary steel casings, and then use a measuring scale to measure and check that the elevation of the top of the I-beam remains unchanged.

[0017] S8. Backfill the pile hole.

[0018] Furthermore, the following steps are also included in the step S2:

[0019] Cut a square hole on the belly of the topmost part of the I-beam, and add angle irons on both sides of the I-beam as limiters to prevent the I-beam from shifting in the pile hole.

[0020] Furthermore, the following steps are also included in the step S4:

[0021] Use a large hoist to hoist the I-beam to the position of the pile hole, butt-weld the I-beams until the whole I-beam meets the predetermined length, and stably place the lifting lugs on both sides of the top of the I-beam on the top of the temporary steel casing.

[0022] Furthermore, the following steps are also included in the step S4:

[0023] When burying the code, first use a large lifting buckle to hook the two side ears of the new lifting device, and then buckle the new hook to the square hole on the top of the I-beam; lower the steel support until it can be embedded in the hook slot and fixed, ensuring that the whole part is securely buckled to prevent the I-beam from slipping; slightly lift the I-beam to ensure that the two lifting chains are balanced, and cut off the ears on both sides of the I-beam;

[0024] Slowly lower the boom and allow the new lifting device and the I-beam to move downward into the temporary steel casing until they reach the bottom of the bearing layer foundation stone;

[0025] According to the pre-marked measurement baseline, adjust the position and direction of the new lifting device so that the I-beam is in the middle of the pile hole and its section direction is consistent with the design drawing; use a ruler to measure the top elevation of the I-beam to ensure that the I-beam has been placed to the depth position specified in the drawing; visually check the ruler on the lifting device to recheck the top elevation of the I-beam; only after the above operations are confirmed to be correct can the subsequent unhooking operation be carried out;

[0026] Unhooking: Pull up the steel support, use the crane to move it slightly downward, then slightly backward, so that the new lifting device can be separated from the I-beam; then slowly raise the boom to lift the new lifting device out of the temporary steel casing in the pile hole.

[0027] Furthermore, the step S6 further includes the following steps:

[0028] Before grouting, the grouting volume must be accurately calculated, and the top elevation of the I-beam must be measured with a ruler to check whether it meets the requirements of the engineering drawings.

[0029] Place the grouting pipe into the temporary steel casing for grouting. The grouting is carried out using the special tight pipe method and a grouting pressure of 2~4 Bar.

[0030] During the grouting process, maintain the slurry surface at least 6 meters above the end of the casing, and keep pouring the slurry until the slurry continues to overflow from the top of the pile hole casing to avoid gaps or honeycombs caused by air remaining in the pile hole.

[0031] Furthermore, the step S8 further includes the following steps:

[0032] The pile hole is backfilled 24 to 36 hours after grouting. The backfill material is the relatively dry mud and stone powder on site, and cement powder is added near the ground surface.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] The present invention adopts a unique hoisting device, which can complete the construction of engineering piles more simply and quickly. After the hoisting device is disassembled, it can be reused in other hoisting projects, being economical and environmentally friendly. By using the construction method of the present invention to construct the deep basement pile foundation, the usage amount of building materials and the transportation time can be reduced, the hoisting and welding processes can be greatly reduced, and the construction operation efficiency can be greatly improved. In view of the current continuous upward trend of building material prices, the economic benefit of the construction method of the present invention is particularly prominent, which can provide technical reference for future similar projects, is applicable to all engineering projects, and has great application and promotion prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a novel hoisting device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a construction method for a deep basement pile foundation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the novel hoisting device and an I-beam according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of hoisting the I-beam into the bottom of the bearing layer of the pile hole;

[0039] Figure 5 FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram after the novel hoisting device is separated from the I-beam according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0040] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation of the present invention; the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; in addition, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 1 , which shows a new type of lifting device provided in this embodiment, including a connecting part 1 located in the upper half, a hook 2 located in the lower half, and a steel support 3 penetrating the hook from top to bottom.

[0043] The connecting part 1 is used for fixedly connecting with the lifting chain 4. The bottom end of the hook 2 has a clamping groove 21 for clamping into the I-beam. The connecting part 1 and the top of the hook 2 are respectively provided with vertically aligned mounting holes 5. A locking hole is provided at the position of the outer side wall of the clamping groove 21 aligned with the mounting hole 5. The steel support 3 can be vertically movably inserted into the mounting hole 5, and the bottom end of the steel support 3 can be inserted into the locking hole; by manually adjusting the steel support 3, the steel support 3 can be inserted downward or pulled out upward from the locking hole.

[0044] Specifically, the side shape of the hook 2 is C-shaped. The connecting part 1 is a channel steel with a length of 18m. Both sides of the top end of the connecting part 1 have lifting lugs 11 for connecting with the chain 4. A plurality of vertically spaced strengthening plates 12 are provided on the inner side surface of the connecting part 1 along its height direction, and the mounting holes 5 are also provided on the strengthening plates 12. The bottom end of the connecting part 1 is welded to the top end of the hook 2.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 2 , this embodiment also provides a method for realizing the construction of the deep basement pile foundation by using the above new type of lifting device 100, including the following steps:

[0046] S1. Mark the measurement baseline on both sides of the temporary casing as the reference for the elevation of the I-beam 200;

[0047] S2. Material preparation: cutting and connecting the I-beam 200, cutting the square hole 201 of the I-beam 200, and installing the I-beam 201 stopper;

[0048] S3. Connect the new hoisting device 100 to the I-beam 201, as Figure 3 shown;

[0049] S4. Hoist the I-beam 200 into the bottom of the bearing stratum of the pile hole, as Figure 4 shown;

[0050] S5. Adjust the new hoisting device 100. After the position and section direction of the I-beam 200 meet the requirements, lift the steel support 3, first move the hoisting device slightly downward with the crane, and then move it slightly backward to disengage the new hoisting device 100 from the I-beam 200; then slowly raise the boom and hoist the new hoisting device 100 out of the temporary casing, as Figure 5 shown;

[0051] S6. Place the grouting throat pipe into the temporary steel casing for grouting;

[0052] S7. After the grouting is completed, extract all the temporary steel casings, and then use a measuring scale to measure and verify that the top elevation of the I-beam 200 remains unchanged;

[0053] S8. Backfill the pile hole.

[0054] Preferably, the following steps are further included in step S2:

[0055] Add angle irons on both sides of the I-beam 200 as limiters to prevent the I-beam 200 from shifting in the pile hole.

[0056] Preferably, the following steps are further included in step S4:

[0057] Use a large crane to hoist the I-beam 200 to the position of the formed pile hole, butt-weld the I-beam 200 until the entire I-beam 200 meets the predetermined length, and place the lifting lugs on both sides of the top of the I-beam 200 stably on the top of the temporary steel casing.

[0058] Preferably, the following steps are further included in step S4:

[0059] When embedding the code, first use a large crane to hook the lifting lugs 11 on both sides of the new hoisting device 100, and then hook the lifting hook 2 on the square hole 201 at the top of the I-beam 200; lower the steel support 3 until it can be stuck in the card slot 21 on the hook for fixation, ensuring that the whole part is securely fastened to prevent the I-beam 200 from slipping; slightly lift the I-beam 200 to ensure that the two lifting chains 4 are stressed evenly, and cut off the lifting lugs on both sides of the I-beam 200;

[0060] Slowly lower the boom to let the new hoisting device 100 and the I-beam 200 move downward into the temporary steel casing together until reaching the bottom of the bearing stratum of the foundation stone;

[0061] According to the pre-marked measurement baseline, adjust the position and direction of the new lifting device 100 so that the I-beam 200 is in the middle of the pile hole and its section direction is consistent with the design drawing; use a ruler to measure the top elevation of the I-beam 200 to ensure that the I-beam 200 has been placed to the depth position predetermined by the drawing; visually check the ruler on the lifting device to recheck the top elevation of the I-beam 200; only after the above operations are confirmed to be correct can the subsequent unhooking operation be carried out;

[0062] Unhooking: Pull up the steel support 3, use the crane to move it slightly downward first, and then slightly backward, so that the new lifting device 100 is separated from the I-beam 200; then slowly raise the boom to lift the new lifting device 100 out of the temporary steel casing in the pile hole.

[0063] Preferably, the step S6 further comprises the following steps:

[0064] Before grouting, the grouting volume must be accurately calculated, and the top elevation of the I-beam 200 should be measured with a ruler to check whether it meets the requirements of the engineering drawings.

[0065] Place the grouting pipe into the temporary steel casing for grouting. The grouting is carried out using the special tight pipe method and a grouting pressure of 2~4 Bar.

[0066] During the grouting process, maintain the slurry surface at least 6 meters above the end of the casing, and keep pouring the slurry until the slurry continues to overflow from the top of the pile hole casing to avoid gaps or honeycombs caused by air remaining in the pile hole.

[0067] Preferably, the step S8 further comprises the following steps:

[0068] The pile hole is backfilled 24 to 36 hours after grouting. The backfill material is the relatively dry mud and stone powder on site, and cement powder is added near the ground surface.

[0069] This embodiment adopts a unique new type of lifting device 100, which can complete the construction of engineering piles more easily and quickly. The new type of lifting device 100 can be repeatedly used in other lifting projects after disassembly, which is economical and environmentally friendly. The construction method of this embodiment is used to construct deep basement pile foundations, which can reduce the use of building materials and transportation time, greatly reduce the lifting and welding processes, and greatly improve the construction efficiency. In view of the current continuous upward trend in the price of building materials, the economic benefits of the construction method of this embodiment are particularly outstanding, which can provide technical references for similar projects in the future, is applicable to all engineering projects, and has great prospects for application and promotion.

[0070] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for implementing the construction of pile foundations in deep basements using a hoisting device, characterized in that, the hoisting device includes a connecting part located in the upper half, a hook located in the lower half, and a steel support passing through the hook from top to bottom. The connecting part is used for fixed connection with the hoisting chain. The bottom end of the hook has a card slot for clamping into the I-beam. The connecting part and the top of the hook are respectively provided with vertically aligned mounting holes. The outer side wall of the card slot is provided with a locking hole at the position aligned with the mounting hole. The steel support can be movably inserted up and down through the mounting hole, and the bottom end of the steel support can be inserted into the locking hole; by adjusting the steel support, the steel support can be inserted downward or pulled out upward from the locking hole; the method includes the following steps: S1. Mark the measurement baseline on both sides of the temporary casing as the reference for the elevation of the I-beam; S2. Material preparation: Cut and connect the I-beam, cut the square hole of the I-beam, and install the I-beam stopper; S3. Connect the new hoisting device to the I-beam; S4. Hoist the I-beam into the bottom of the bearing stratum of the pile hole; S5. Adjust the new hoisting device. When the position and cutting surface direction of the I-beam meet the requirements, pull up the steel support, use the crane to move slightly downward first, and then move slightly backward to disengage the new hoisting device from the I-beam; then slowly raise the boom and hoist the new hoisting device out of the temporary casing; S6. Put the grouting pipe into the temporary steel casing for grouting; S7. After the grouting is completed, pull out all the temporary steel casings, and then use a measuring scale to measure and check that the elevation of the top of the I-beam remains unchanged; S8. Backfill the pile hole.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the step S2 further includes the following steps: Cut a square hole on the belly of the topmost part of the I-beam, and add angle iron on both sides of the I-beam as a stopper to prevent the I-beam from shifting in the pile hole.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the step S4 further includes the following steps: Use a large crane to hoist the I-beam to the position of the pile hole, connect the I-beam by butt welding until the whole I-beam meets the predetermined length, and stably place the lifting lugs on both sides of the top of the I-beam on the top of the temporary steel casing.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, the step S4 further includes the following steps: When burying the code, first use a large crane to hook the lifting lugs on both sides of the new hoisting device, and then hook the new hook on the square hole on the top of the I-beam; lower the steel support until it can be clamped and fixed in the card slot of the hook to ensure that the whole part is securely fastened to prevent the I-beam from slipping; slightly lift the I-beam to ensure that the two hoisting chains are evenly stressed, and cut off the lifting lugs on both sides of the I-beam; Slowly lower the boom to let the new hoisting device and the I-beam move downward together into the temporary steel casing until reaching the bottom of the bearing stratum; According to the pre-marked measurement baseline, by adjusting the position and direction of the new hoisting device, make the I-beam in the center position of the pile hole, and its cutting surface direction is also consistent with the design drawing; use a measuring scale to measure the elevation of the top of the I-beam to ensure that the I-beam has been placed at the depth position specified in the drawing; visually check the scale on the lifting tool to recheck the elevation of the top of the I-beam; only after all the above operations are confirmed to be correct can the subsequent unhooking operation be carried out; Decoupling: Lift the steel support, use the crane to move slightly downward first, and then move slightly backward to disengage the new lifting device from the I-beam; then slowly raise the boom and lift the new lifting device out of the temporary steel casing in the pile hole.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the step S6 further comprises the following steps: Before grouting, it is necessary to accurately calculate the grouting volume, measure the elevation of the top of the I-beam with a measuring scale, and recheck whether it meets the requirements of the engineering drawings. Put the grouting pipe into the temporary steel casing for grouting. The grouting adopts the special dense pipe method and is carried out at a grouting pressure of 2 - 4 Bar. During the grouting process, maintain the slurry level at least 6 meters above the end of the casing, and keep the slurry continuously poured until the slurry continuously overflows from the top of the pile hole casing, to avoid voids or honeycombs caused by air remaining in the pile hole.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the step S8 further comprises the following steps: Backfill the pile hole 24 - 36 hours after grouting. The backfill material uses relatively dry sediment and stone powder on site, and cement powder is added near the ground surface.

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