A recyclable rack system for in-situ mechanical testing of rock and soil and its use method
By designing a recyclable in-situ mechanical test rack system for rock and soil, the problem of time-consuming and labor-intensive and inability to modify and expand in the reaction force simulation building load in the existing technology is solved, and the flexibility of the test and multiple useability are achieved, reducing the problem of Resource waste and support multiple types of trials and reaction methods.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202210421199.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2022-04-21
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2042-04-21
AI Technical Summary
In the existing in-situ test, brick floor beams with reaction force simulated building loads are time-consuming and laborious, cannot be modified and expanded, the test content is limited, and the structural status cannot be detected, and it cannot be recycled after completion, resulting in waste of resources.
A recyclable rack system for in-situ mechanical testing of rock and soil bodies is designed, including support structure, conveying system and detection system. The support structure is modular and combined, using conveying tracks, conveying frame beams, hoisting pulleys and lifting units. , The detection system includes an angle displacement sensor and a main beam stress sensor, which supports a variety of test methods and reaction methods, and the structure can be used multiple times.
It realizes the flexibility and multiple use of in-situ mechanical tests of rock and soil, reduces resource waste, supports a variety of test types and reaction methods, can monitor the structural status in real time, prevent stress from exceeding the limit, meet different test pit sizes and Reaction demand.
Smart Images
Figure CN114720264B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the field of rock and soil mechanics equipment, in particular to a recyclable rack system for in-situ mechanical testing of rock and soil bodies and a use method thereof. Background Art
[0002] In-situ testing of rock and soil is an indispensable test method in large-scale projects because the specimens are larger than those in indoor test specimens, and the test conditions can be close to the actual situation. In-situ testing often requires providing reaction forces to simulate building loads. The reaction ground beam is usually built manually with bricks. After the masonry is completed, the ground beam is maintained and the strength is maintained until it reaches the design requirements. The whole process is time-consuming, labor-intensive and costly. Once the ground beam structure is formed, it cannot be modified or expanded, and the test content is limited. Due to limitations such as material deformation and masonry level, the state of the ground beam cannot be detected during the test. After the test, the ground beam cannot be recycled and is usually abandoned or knocked down for cleaning.
[0003] There are many problems in using the masonry method for in-situ testing, such as the inability to conduct immediate testing, the inability to modify the structure, the uncontrollable structural state, and waste caused by one-time use. Summary of the invention
[0004] To solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a recyclable rack system for in-situ mechanical tests of rock and soil, which has a reasonable structural design, is suitable for various in-situ mechanical tests of rock and soil, and can be used and recycled multiple times. The present invention also proposes a method for using the recyclable rack system for in-situ mechanical tests of rock and soil.
[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
[0006] In the first technical solution, a recyclable rack system for in-situ mechanical testing of rock and soil bodies includes a support structure, a conveying system and a detection system, wherein the top of the support structure has a rectangular frame; the conveying system includes a conveying track, a conveying frame beam, a conveying pulley, a lifting pulley and a lifting unit, the conveying track is arranged along the length direction of the support structure, the two ends of the conveying frame beam are installed on the conveying track through the conveying pulley, and the conveying frame beam can slide along the extension direction of the conveying track, the extension direction of the conveying frame beam is the width direction of the support structure, and the lifting pulley and the lifting unit are installed on the conveying frame. The detection system comprises 4 corner displacement sensors and at least 2 main beam stress sensors, and the corner displacement sensors are arranged at the corners of the rectangular frame at the top of the support structure, and the corner displacement sensors are used to assist in leveling the support structure and monitor the displacement and deformation of the support structure, and the main beam stress sensors are symmetrically arranged on the conveying frame beam, and the main beam stress sensors are used to monitor the stress of the conveying frame beam to prevent the stress from exceeding the limit.
[0007] In the first technical solution, preferably, the support structure is a modular combined structure.
[0008] In the first technical solution, preferably, the supporting structure includes a plurality of supporting cross beams, a plurality of supporting longitudinal beams and a plurality of supporting columns, the length of the supporting cross beams is 2.0m, 4.0m or 6.0m, the length of the supporting longitudinal beams is 1.0m, 2.0m or 3.0m, and the length C of the supporting columns is 0.5m, 1.0m or 2.0m.
[0009] In the first technical solution, preferably, the supporting structure is 20-type H-shaped steel; the supporting cross beams, supporting longitudinal beams and supporting columns are fastened and connected by bolts.
[0010] In the first technical solution, preferably, the support structure further includes a side-pull stabilization frame for forming a stable support effect on the support column, and the side-pull stabilization frame is fixed to the ground by a ground anchor.
[0011] In the first technical solution, as a preference, the conveying frame beam adopts 20-type I-beam; the lifting pulley and the lifting unit are lifting cranes of 1.0 ton, 5.0 ton and 10.0 ton.
[0012] In the second technical solution, a method for using a recyclable rack system for in-situ mechanical testing of rock and soil is provided, using the recyclable rack system for in-situ mechanical testing of rock and soil as described in any one of the first technical solutions, and applying the recyclable rack system for in-situ mechanical testing of rock and soil in an in-situ direct shear test using a heap loading method.
[0013] First, the support structure is connected as the test frame. According to the size and number of soil samples, the support beams, support longitudinal beams, support columns, and side-tension stabilization frames are connected and installed as the main structure. Corner displacement sensors are installed at the four corners of the frame to monitor the deformation of the frame.
[0014] Reaction load: The upper pile load is hoisted into place according to the test design as the reaction load;
[0015] Instrument preparation: Connect the lifting pulley and the lifting unit to the conveying frame beam, and use the lifting pulley and the lifting unit to lift the direct shear instrument and soil sample into place; align the conveying frame beam and the soil sample as the load-bearing main beam to prepare for the test, and fix the lifting pulley and the lifting unit before the test to prevent sliding during the test;
[0016] Conduct the test: The conveying main beam is used as the load-bearing main beam in the test. During the test, the readings of the corner displacement sensor and the main beam stress sensor should be monitored to prevent stress and deformation from exceeding the limit.
[0017] In a third technical solution, a method for using a recyclable rack system for in-situ mechanical testing of rock and soil is provided, wherein the recyclable rack system for in-situ mechanical testing of rock and soil described in any one of the first technical solutions is used to apply the recyclable rack system for in-situ mechanical testing of rock and soil to an in-situ load test using a ground anchor method.
[0018] Instrument preparation: First, connect and install the supporting crossbeam, supporting longitudinal beam, supporting column, and side-pull stabilization frame according to the size and number of soil samples, install and fix the ground anchor. The anchor depth can be set according to the test requirements and the characteristics of the on-site rock and soil. Install the corner displacement sensor to monitor the deformation of the frame; hoist the load instrument and soil samples into place through the hoisting pulley and lifting unit, align the conveying frame beam and the sample, and test it as a load-bearing beam. Fix the hoisting pulley and lifting unit before the test to prevent sliding during the test;
[0019] Conduct the test: The conveying main beam is used as the load-bearing main beam in the test. During the test, the readings of the corner displacement sensor and the main beam stress sensor should be monitored to prevent stress and deformation from exceeding the limit.
[0020] The beneficial effects of using the present invention are:
[0021] This rack structure can use the crossbeam for upper loading as a reaction force. The ground anchor holes set in the side-pull stabilization frame can also be used as a reaction force. The conveying frame beam extends outward from the supporting structure frame to facilitate the lifting and transportation of instruments and samples. The movement range of the conveying system can cover the entire test pit. The detection system corner displacement sensors are located at the four corners of the supporting structure frame, which are used for leveling and monitoring the displacement and deformation of the frame. The main beam stress sensor is located on the conveying frame beam. Monitor the stress of the main beam to prevent stress from exceeding the limit.
[0022] The rack system can be used for in-situ direct shear test, in-situ load test, in-situ frozen soil thawing compression test, rock deformation test, rock strength test, etc. The patent of this invention adopts modular setting to meet the needs of field tests of different types of rock and soil, different test pit sizes, and different reaction methods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the support structure in the recyclable rack system for in-situ mechanical testing of rock and soil mass of the present invention.
[0024] Figure 2 The conveying system of the recyclable rack system for the in-situ mechanical test of rock and soil mass of the present invention
[0025] Figure 3 A detection system in a recyclable rack system for in-situ mechanical testing of rock and soil bodies of the present invention
[0026] Figure 4The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of the recyclable rack system for in-situ mechanical testing of rock and soil mass used in an in-situ direct shear test using a heap loading method.
[0027] Figure 5 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of the recyclable bent frame system for in-situ mechanical testing of rock and soil mass applied to in-situ load testing using the anchor method.
[0028] Reference numerals include:
[0029] 1—supporting crossbeam, 2—supporting longitudinal beam, 3—supporting column, 4—lateral tension stabilizing frame, 5—ground anchor fixing hole, 6—conveying track, 7—conveying frame beam, 8—conveying pulley, 9—hoisting pulley and lifting unit, 10—corner displacement sensor, 11—main beam stress sensor, 12—upper load, 13—direct shear instrument, 14—load instrument, 15—soil sample, 16—ground anchor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the technical solution more clear, the technical solution is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation methods. It should be understood that these descriptions are only exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the technical solution.
[0031] Example 1
[0032] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment proposes a recyclable rack system for in-situ mechanical testing of rock and soil, including a support structure, a conveying system and a detection system, wherein the top of the support structure has a rectangular frame; the conveying system includes a conveying track 6, a conveying frame beam 7, a conveying pulley 8 and a lifting pulley and a lifting unit 9, the conveying track 6 is arranged along the length direction of the support structure, and both ends of the conveying frame beam 7 are installed on the conveying track 6 through the conveying pulley 8, and the conveying frame beam 7 can slide along the extension direction of the conveying track 6, and the extension direction of the conveying frame beam 7 is the width direction of the support structure, and the lifting pulley and the lifting unit 9 are installed on the conveying frame beam 7. The lifting pulley and the lifting unit 9 can move in the width direction of the supporting structure along the extension direction of the conveying frame beam 7, and the lifting pulley and the lifting unit 9 can lift and move the samples and equipment; the detection system includes 4 corner displacement sensors 10 and at least 2 main beam stress sensors 11, the corner displacement sensors 10 are arranged at the corners of the rectangular frame at the top of the supporting structure, the corner displacement sensors 10 are used to assist in leveling the supporting structure and monitor the displacement and deformation of the supporting structure, the main beam stress sensors 11 are symmetrically arranged on the conveying frame beam 7, and the main beam stress sensors 11 are used to monitor the stress of the conveying frame beam 7 to prevent the stress from exceeding the limit.
[0033] Specifically, the modular composite support beam of the support structure adopts high-strength steel, and can adopt 20-type H-shaped steel or be independently customized. Among them, the length A of the support beam 1 can be 2.0m, 4.0m, 6.0m or independently customized; the length B of the support longitudinal beam 2 can be 1.0m, 2.0m, 3.0m or independently customized; the length C of the support column 3 can be 0.5m, 1.0m, 2.0m or independently customized. The side-pull support is provided with a ground anchor fixing hole 5, and the beams and columns are fastened with bolts. The frame structure can use the crossbeam for upper loading 12 as a reaction method, or use the ground anchor 16 hole provided in the side-pull stabilization frame 4 as a reaction method.
[0034] The conveying frame beam 7 of the conveying system is used as the track of the pulley and the lifting unit, and also as the main beam for the reaction force transmission. It adopts 20-type I-beam or is independently customized. The conveying frame beam 7 extends outward from the supporting structure frame to facilitate the lifting and transportation of instruments and samples. The movement range of the conveying system can cover the entire test pit. The lifting pulley and lifting unit 9 can be 1.0 tons, 5.0 tons, and 10.0 tons according to the test content. The design can be replaced and a limit stabilization device can be set.
[0035] This rack structure can use the crossbeam for upper loading 12 as a reaction force. The ground anchor 16 holes set in the side-pull stabilization frame 4 can also be used as a reaction force. The conveying frame beam 7 extends outward from the supporting structure frame to facilitate the lifting and transportation of instruments and samples. The movement range of the conveying system can cover the entire test pit. The detection system corner displacement sensors 10 are located at the four corners of the supporting structure frame and are used to level and monitor the displacement and deformation of the frame. The main beam stress sensor 11 is located on the conveying frame beam 7. Monitor the stress of the main beam to prevent stress from exceeding the limit.
[0036] The rack system can be used for in-situ direct shear test, in-situ load test, in-situ frozen soil thawing compression test, rock deformation test, rock strength test, etc. The patent of this invention adopts modular setting to meet the needs of field tests of different types of rock and soil, different test pit sizes, and different reaction methods.
[0037] Example 2
[0038] like Figure 4 As shown, the method for using a recyclable bent frame system for in-situ mechanical testing of rock and soil mass proposed in this embodiment uses the recyclable bent frame system for in-situ mechanical testing of rock and soil mass proposed in Example 1. The recyclable bent frame system for in-situ mechanical testing of rock and soil mass is applied in an in-situ direct shear test using a heap loading method.
[0039] First, the support structure is connected as a test frame. According to the size and number of the soil sample 15, the support beam 1, the support longitudinal beam 2, the support column 3, and the side-tension stabilization frame 4 are connected and installed, and together serve as the main structure. Corner point displacement sensors 10 are installed at the four corner points of the frame to monitor the deformation of the frame.
[0040] Reaction load: The upper pile load 12 is hoisted into place according to the test design as the reaction load;
[0041] Instrument preparation: connect the lifting pulley and lifting unit 9 to the conveying frame beam 7, and hoist the direct shear instrument 13 and the soil sample 15 into place through the lifting pulley and lifting unit 9; align the conveying frame beam 7 and the soil sample 15 as the load-bearing main beam to prepare for the test, and fix the lifting pulley and lifting unit 9 before the test to prevent sliding during the test;
[0042] Conduct the test: The conveying main beam is used as the load-bearing main beam in the test. During the test, the readings of the corner displacement sensor 10 and the main beam stress sensor 11 should be monitored to prevent stress deformation from exceeding the limit.
[0043] Example 3
[0044] like Figure 5 As shown, the method for using a recyclable bent frame system for in-situ mechanical test of rock and soil mass proposed in this embodiment uses the recyclable bent frame system for in-situ mechanical test of rock and soil mass proposed in Example 1. The recyclable bent frame system for in-situ mechanical test of rock and soil mass is applied to the in-situ load test of the anchor 16 method.
[0045] Instrument preparation: First, connect and install the support beam 1, support beam 2, support column 3, and side-pull stabilization frame 4 according to the size and number of soil samples 15, install and fix the ground anchor 16, the anchor depth of the ground anchor 16 can be set according to the test requirements and the characteristics of the on-site rock and soil, and install the corner displacement sensor 10 to monitor the deformation of the frame; hoist the load instrument 14 and soil sample 15 into place through the hoisting pulley and lifting unit 9, align the conveying frame beam 7 and the sample, and test it as a load-bearing beam. Fix the hoisting pulley and lifting unit 9 before the test to prevent sliding during the test;
[0046] Conduct the test: The conveying main beam is used as the load-bearing main beam in the test. During the test, the readings of the corner displacement sensor 10 and the main beam stress sensor 11 should be monitored to prevent stress deformation from exceeding the limit.
[0047] The above contents are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, many changes can be made in the specific implementation methods and application scopes based on the ideas of the present technical content. As long as these changes do not deviate from the concept of the present invention, they all fall within the scope of protection of this patent.
Claims
1. A method for using a recyclable rack system for in-situ mechanical testing of rock and soil, characterized by: The recyclable bent system for in-situ mechanical tests of rock and soil is used in the in-situ direct shear test using the heap loading method. The recyclable rack system for in-situ mechanical testing of rock and soil bodies comprises a support structure, a conveying system and a detection system, wherein the top of the support structure has a rectangular frame; the conveying system comprises a conveying track, a conveying frame beam, a conveying pulley, a lifting pulley and a lifting unit, the conveying track is arranged along the length direction of the support structure, the two ends of the conveying frame beam are installed on the conveying track through conveying pulleys, and the conveying frame beam can slide along the extension direction of the conveying track, the extension direction of the conveying frame beam is the width direction of the support structure, the lifting pulley and the lifting unit are installed on the conveying frame beam, and the lifting pulley and the lifting unit can move in the width direction of the support structure along the extension direction of the conveying frame beam, and the lifting pulley and the lifting unit can lift objects through the lifting unit; the detection system comprises 4 corner displacement sensors and at least 2 main beam stress sensors, the corner displacement sensors are arranged at the corners of the rectangular frame at the top of the support structure, the corner displacement sensors are used to assist in leveling the support structure and monitor the displacement and deformation of the support structure, the main beam stress sensors are symmetrically arranged on the conveying frame beam, and the main beam stress sensors are used to monitor the stress of the conveying frame beam to prevent stress from exceeding the limit; The method of use is as follows: First, the support structure is connected as the test frame. According to the size and number of soil samples, the support beams, support longitudinal beams, support columns, and side-tension stabilization frames are connected and installed as the main structure. Corner displacement sensors are installed at the four corners of the frame to monitor the deformation of the frame. Reaction load: The upper pile load is hoisted into place according to the test design as the reaction load; Instrument preparation: Connect the lifting pulley and the lifting unit to the conveying frame beam, and use the lifting pulley and the lifting unit to lift the direct shear instrument and soil sample into place; align the conveying frame beam and the soil sample as the load-bearing main beam to prepare for the test, and fix the lifting pulley and the lifting unit before the test to prevent sliding during the test; Conduct the test: The conveying main beam is used as the load-bearing main beam in the test. During the test, the readings of the corner displacement sensor and the main beam stress sensor should be monitored to prevent stress and deformation from exceeding the limit.
2. The method for using the recyclable rack system for in-situ mechanical testing of rock and soil according to claim 1 is characterized by: The supporting structure is a modular combined structure.
3. The method for using the recyclable bent rack system for in-situ mechanical testing of rock and soil according to claim 1 is characterized by: The supporting structure includes a plurality of supporting cross beams, a plurality of supporting longitudinal beams and a plurality of supporting columns. The length of the supporting cross beams is 2.0m, 4.0m or 6.0m, the length of the supporting longitudinal beams is 1.0m, 2.0m or 3.0m, and the length C of the supporting columns is 0.5m, 1.0m or 2.0m.
4. The method for using the recyclable bent rack system for in-situ mechanical testing of rock and soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support structure also includes a side-pull stabilizing frame for forming a stabilizing supporting effect on the support column, and the side-pull stabilizing frame is fixed to the ground by a ground anchor.
5. A method for using a recyclable rack system for in-situ mechanical testing of rock and soil, characterized in that: The recyclable bent frame system for in-situ mechanical test of rock and soil is used in the in-situ load test of the anchor method. The recyclable rack system for in-situ mechanical testing of rock and soil bodies comprises a support structure, a conveying system and a detection system, wherein the top of the support structure has a rectangular frame; the conveying system comprises a conveying track, a conveying frame beam, a conveying pulley, a lifting pulley and a lifting unit, the conveying track is arranged along the length direction of the support structure, the two ends of the conveying frame beam are installed on the conveying track through conveying pulleys, and the conveying frame beam can slide along the extension direction of the conveying track, the extension direction of the conveying frame beam is the width direction of the support structure, the lifting pulley and the lifting unit are installed on the conveying frame beam, and the lifting pulley and the lifting unit can move in the width direction of the support structure along the extension direction of the conveying frame beam, and the lifting pulley and the lifting unit can lift objects through the lifting unit; the detection system comprises 4 corner displacement sensors and at least 2 main beam stress sensors, the corner displacement sensors are arranged at the corners of the rectangular frame at the top of the support structure, the corner displacement sensors are used to assist in leveling the support structure and monitor the displacement and deformation of the support structure, the main beam stress sensors are symmetrically arranged on the conveying frame beam, and the main beam stress sensors are used to monitor the stress of the conveying frame beam to prevent stress from exceeding the limit; The method of use is as follows: Instrument preparation: First, connect and install the supporting crossbeam, supporting longitudinal beam, supporting column, and side-pull stabilization frame according to the size and number of soil samples, install and fix the ground anchor. The anchor depth can be set according to the test requirements and the characteristics of the on-site rock and soil. Install the corner displacement sensor to monitor the deformation of the frame; hoist the load instrument and soil samples into place through the hoisting pulley and lifting unit, align the conveying frame beam and the sample, and test it as a load-bearing beam. Fix the hoisting pulley and lifting unit before the test to prevent sliding during the test; Conduct the test: The conveying main beam is used as the load-bearing main beam in the test. During the test, the readings of the corner displacement sensor and the main beam stress sensor should be monitored to prevent stress and deformation from exceeding the limit.
6. The method for using the recyclable bent rack system for in-situ mechanical testing of rock and soil according to claim 5, characterized in that: The supporting structure is a modular combined structure.
7. The method for using the recyclable bent rack system for in-situ mechanical testing of rock and soil according to claim 5, characterized in that: The supporting structure includes a plurality of supporting cross beams, a plurality of supporting longitudinal beams and a plurality of supporting columns. The length of the supporting cross beams is 2.0m, 4.0m or 6.0m, the length of the supporting longitudinal beams is 1.0m, 2.0m or 3.0m, and the length C of the supporting columns is 0.5m, 1.0m or 2.0m.
8. The method for using the recyclable bent rack system for in-situ mechanical testing of rock and soil mass according to claim 5, characterized in that: The support structure also includes a side-pull stabilizing frame for forming a stabilizing supporting effect on the support column, and the side-pull stabilizing frame is fixed to the ground by a ground anchor.