A wireless charging transmitter based on an H5 bridge

Abstract

The technical solution of this invention is to provide a wireless charging transmitter based on an H5 bridge, characterized by including a central transmitting area and an edge transmitting area; while the central transmitting area provides single-load fast charging capability for a single load, the edge transmitting area can provide multi-load slow charging capability for N loads, where N≥2, and the edge transmitting area can charge N loads simultaneously. This invention proposes a wireless charging transmitter based on an H5 bridge that adopts a dual-area charging method with a central and edge region. The central area can provide single-load fast charging, while the edge area can provide multi-load slow charging, thereby addressing different load conditions and charging needs. Simulation results show that this invention can ensure the system operates with optimal charging efficiency under various load conditions, achieving a balance between charging performance, user experience, and economic costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a wireless charging transmitter. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, wireless power transfer technology has achieved breakthroughs in many key areas, driving the vigorous development of the application market. In particular, inductive wireless power transfer technology has been widely applied in many fields such as portable electronic devices, implantable medical devices, and electric vehicles. Taking low-to-medium power devices, such as mobile phones, as an example, most wireless charging transmitters on the market have limited charging areas and can only charge a single device, failing to meet users' needs for charging multiple devices simultaneously.

[0003] To address this issue, some companies have offered tentative solutions, which can be broadly categorized into three types: The first is to directly increase the size of the transmitting coil in the transmitter. While this effectively expands the charging area and allows for multiple load devices (including receivers), the mismatch in coil sizes between the transmitter and receiver reduces the coupling coefficient, thus sacrificing power transmission efficiency. The second involves introducing an electric motor into the transmitter. Within the charging area, the transmitting coil automatically tracks the receiver's position, maintaining center alignment and charging one device before charging another. This solution guarantees power transmission efficiency at any location, but the introduction of the electric motor increases costs, and it only allows for time-sharing charging of multiple loads, not true multi-load charging. The third method uses a multi-coil array to achieve overlapping coverage of the entire charging area. The transmitting coil is activated based on the position of each receiver. This solution also guarantees power transmission efficiency for multiple loads at any location, but the cost is significantly increased because each transmitting coil is driven by an independent circuit. Furthermore, heat generation during actual operation is difficult to resolve, limiting charging power. In conclusion, these experimental solutions failed to balance multi-load charging with user experience and economic costs, and therefore did not achieve widespread market application. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the depth problem of optical computing in reservoirs.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is to provide a wireless charging transmitter based on an H5 bridge, characterized in that it includes a central transmitting area and an edge transmitting area; while the central transmitting area provides single-load fast charging capability for a single load, the edge transmitting area can provide multi-load slow charging capability for N loads, where N≥2, and the edge transmitting area can charge N loads simultaneously.

[0006] The circuit topology of the wireless charging transmitter includes an H5 bridge inverter circuit, which converts the DC power supplied by the DC power supply into high-frequency AC power and outputs two independently controllable high-frequency AC power.

[0007] The high-frequency AC output of the H5 bridge inverter circuit drives the central transmitting coil located in the central transmitting area. The central receiving coil picks up the magnetic field energy of the transmitting magnetic field formed by the central transmitting coil. The energy output by the central receiving coil is rectified to achieve fast charging of a single load.

[0008] Another high-frequency AC power output from the H5 bridge inverter circuit drives the edge transmitting coils located in the edge transmitting area. N edge receiving coils simultaneously pick up the magnetic field energy of the transmitting magnetic field formed by the edge transmitting coils. The energy output from each edge receiving coil is rectified to achieve slow charging of its respective load.

[0009] Preferably, the central emitting region is located at the center, and the edge emitting regions surround the central emitting region, thereby forming a bowl-shaped structure.

[0010] Preferably, a center-transmitting side compensation network is connected in series between the H5 bridge inverter circuit and the center transmitting coil. The center-transmitting side compensation network is used to eliminate the reactive power caused by the self-inductance of the center transmitting coil.

[0011] Preferably, an edge-emitting side compensation network is connected in series between the H5 bridge inverter circuit and the edge-emitting coil. The edge-emitting side compensation network is used to eliminate the reactive power caused by the self-inductance of the edge-emitting coil.

[0012] Preferably, the circuit topology of the central transmitting side compensation network consists of an inductor L t1 Capacitor C t1 and capacitor C tx1 Composition; the circuit topology of the edge-emitting side compensation network consists of inductor L t2 Capacitor C t2 and capacitor C tx2 Composition; the energy output from the central receiving coil is passed through the compensation capacitor C rx1 And after rectification, it enables fast charging of a single load; the energy output from multiple edge receiving coils is respectively compensated by capacitor C rx2 C rx3 C rxn To achieve slow charging of multiple loads after rectification, the circuit parameters must satisfy the following conditions:

[0013]

[0014] In the formula: L tx1 The equivalent inductance of the center transmitting coil; L rx1The equivalent inductance of the center receiving coil; L tx2 L is the equivalent inductance of the edge-emitting coil. rx2 L rx3 , ..., L rxn ω is the equivalent inductance of each edge transmitting coil; ω is the system operating angular frequency.

[0015] Preferably, the edge transmitting coil is an equivalent transmitting coil composed of multiple transmitting coils connected in series.

[0016] This invention proposes a wireless charging transmitter based on an H5 bridge, employing a dual-region charging approach with a central and edge area. The central area provides single-load fast charging, while the edge area provides multi-load slow charging, thus addressing different load conditions and charging needs. Simulation results demonstrate that this invention ensures optimal charging efficiency under various load conditions, achieving a balance between charging performance, user experience, and economic costs. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This invention presents a wireless charging transmitter based on an H5 bridge inverter circuit, comprising two transmitting areas: a central area and an edge area. The central area provides single-load fast charging, while the edge area provides multi-load slow charging. Notably, to simplify the coil magnetic field driving scheme, the four transmitting coils in the edge area are connected in series, requiring only one driving circuit.

[0018] Figure 2 The circuit topology of the proposed transmitting device includes an H5 bridge inverter circuit, a transmitting-side compensation network, center and edge transmitting coils, a receiving-side compensation network, and a rectifier circuit. The H5 bridge inverter provides two outputs to drive the center and edge transmitting coils; the compensation network eliminates reactive power caused by coil self-inductance.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a specific circuit topology for a wireless charging transmitter based on an H5 bridge inverter circuit, including the H5 bridge inverter circuit, the center transmitting coil and its compensation network, the edge transmitting coil and its compensation network, the center / edge receiving coil and its compensation network, the rectifier circuit, etc., which are represented by a circuit model.

[0020] Figure 4 The H5 bridge inverter circuit offers six operating modes to handle different load conditions and charging needs. Mode 1 is the first half-bridge output and the second open circuit; Mode 2 is the first open circuit and the second half-bridge output; Mode 3 is the first half-bridge output and the second half-bridge output; Mode 4 is the first full-bridge output and the second half-bridge output; Mode 5 is the first half-bridge output and the second full-bridge output; and Mode 6 is the first full-bridge output and the second full-bridge output.

[0021] Figure 5A and Figure 5B Based on the proposed topology and its parameters, experimental test results on the simulation platform reflect the relationship between transmission efficiency and load power under different input voltages; then, the working mode of the H5 bridge is determined to ensure higher transmission efficiency across the entire load domain. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the wireless charging transmitter based on an H5 bridge provided by this invention includes two transmission areas: a central area and an edge area. The central transmission area provides single-load fast charging capability, enabling a single load to be fully charged quickly. The edge transmission area provides multi-load slow charging capability; although the charging speed is not as fast as the central area, it can charge multiple loads simultaneously. Therefore, the dual areas provide differentiated charging functions, effectively addressing different load conditions and charging needs.

[0024] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The circuit topology of the transmitting device shown includes an H5 bridge inverter circuit, a center transmitting-side compensation network, an edge transmitting-side compensation network, a center transmitting coil, and edge transmitting coils. Figure 1 The four edge transmitting coils connected in series are equivalent to Figure 2 (One of the edge transmitting coils). The receiving device matched with the transmitting device includes a center receiving coil, an edge receiving coil, a receiving-side center compensation network, a receiving-side edge compensation network, a center rectifier circuit, and an edge rectifier circuit.

[0025] The H5 bridge inverter circuit provides dual outputs to drive the center transmitting coil and the edge transmitting coil. The compensation networks on both sides eliminate reactive power caused by the self-inductance of the center and edge transmitting coils. The H5 bridge inverter circuit converts the DC power supplied by the DC power source into two independently controllable high-frequency AC currents, which are respectively connected to the center transmitting coil and the edge transmitting coil and their compensation networks to form a transmitting magnetic field. The center receiving coil and the edge receiving coil and their compensation networks pick up the magnetic field energy, which is then rectified by the rectifier circuit to charge the load. Furthermore, thanks to the characteristics of the H5 bridge inverter circuit, the center and edge regions can operate independently, handling different load conditions such as no load, light load, or heavy load, ensuring the system's charging efficiency.

[0026] like Figure 3 As shown, the specific circuit topology of the wireless charging transmitter based on the H5 bridge provided by this invention includes an H5 bridge inverter circuit, a central transmitting coil and its compensation network, and edge transmitting coils and their compensation networks, represented by a circuit model. The receiver can take many forms; this is just one example, which includes a receiving coil and its compensation network, and a rectifier circuit, also represented by a circuit model.

[0027] The power supply provides DC power V d The H5 bridge inverter circuit generates two high-frequency AC outputs. One high-frequency AC output is connected to the center transmitter side coil compensation network (composed of inductor L). t1 Capacitor C t1 Capacitor C tx1 Composition) and center transmitting coil (equivalent inductance L) tx1 ), to the center receiving coil (equivalent inductance L) rx1 ) and its compensation network (capacitor C) rx1 After passing through the rectifier circuit, the output DC voltage V is obtained. L1 Give load R L1 Charging. Another high-frequency AC output is connected to the edge-emitting side coil compensation network (composed of inductor L). t2 Capacitor C t2 Capacitor C tx2 Composition) and edge emitting coil (equivalent inductance L) tx2 ), to the edge receiving coil (equivalent inductance L) rx2 L rx3 , ..., L rxn ) and its compensation network (capacitor C) rx2 C rx3 C rxn After passing through the rectifier circuit, the output DC voltage V is obtained. L2 V L3 , ..., V Ln Give load R L2 R L3 , ..., R Ln Charge.

[0028] The main parameters of the above circuits at each stage must meet the following conditions:

[0029]

[0030] Meanwhile, the power transmission efficiency η and its optimal value η max for:

[0031]

[0032] In the formula, we have:

[0033]

[0034] Furthermore, the transmission power P required for the system to achieve optimal efficiency can be derived. o，opt for

[0035]

[0036] Therefore, the transmission power P at which the system achieves optimal efficiency can be determined. o，opt With AC input voltage V in The number of loads, n, is related.

[0037] In the above formula, ω is the system's operating angular frequency; Q t Q is the quality factor of the center transmitting coil. tx Q is the quality factor of the edge-emitting coil. rx Q represents the quality factor of the center receiving coil and the edge receiving coils. L =ωL rx / R o R is the load quality factor. o The load equivalent resistance is given by ; k is the coupling coefficient between the center transmitting coil and the center receiving coil, and between the edge transmitting coil and the edge receiving coil; m is the inductance L. t1 The self-inductance and inductance L of the transmitting coil at the center of the generator t2 The ratio of the self-inductance of the edge transmitting coil to the self-inductance of the edge transmitting coil.

[0038] The transmission power P that ultimately achieves optimal efficiency for the system. o，opt With AC input voltage V in The conclusion that the number of loads (n) is correlated with the required input voltage necessitates the selection of an appropriate input voltage for different load conditions to achieve higher transmission efficiency. The H5 bridge inverter circuit can provide different input voltages in different operating modes, perfectly meeting this requirement. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the H5 bridge inverter circuit has 6 operating modes.

[0039] Figure 4 The AC square wave voltages and their effective values ​​corresponding to the different operating modes are shown in Table 1.

[0040] Table 1. Different operating modes of the H5 bridge inverter circuit

[0041]

[0042] Based on the above derivation results, for Figure 3 The wireless charging topology based on the H5 bridge inverter circuit shown was simulated, and its parameters are shown in Table 2 below.

[0043] Table 2. System parameters of the wireless charging topology scheme based on H5 bridge inverter circuit

[0044]

[0045]

[0046] Based on the above parameters, a simulation model was built on the Advanced Design System platform. The relationship between system efficiency and input voltage was tested under the following conditions: a central single load (30W full load power) and edge dual loads (10W full load power per load). Figure 5A and Figure 5B As shown.

[0047] As shown in the diagram above, to achieve higher charging efficiency, for the central region, the input voltage should be 15V when the output power is less than 25W, and 30V when the output power is greater than 25W. For the edge region, the input voltage should be 15V when the output power is less than 2*8.5W, and 30V when the output power is greater than 2*8.5W. Regarding the H5 bridge's operating modes, Mode 3 should be used when the central power is less than 25W and the edge power is less than 2*8.5W; Mode 5 should be used when the central power is less than 25W and the edge power is greater than 2*8.5W; Mode 4 should be used when the central power is greater than 25W and the edge power is less than 2*8.5W; and Mode 6 should be used when the central power is greater than 25W and the edge power is greater than 2*8.5W. The results are shown in Table 3 below.

[0048] Table 3. Operating Modes of H5 Bridge Inverter Circuit

[0049]

[0050] It is worth noting that in actual operation, the load situation is quite complex, and the load of each receiver in the edge area may not be evenly distributed. Therefore, it is advisable to first traverse each mode, have the controller sample and calculate the source-to-load efficiency, and then switch to the most efficient working mode.

[0051] Therefore, the wireless charging transmitter solution based on the H5 bridge inverter circuit proposed in this invention effectively overcomes the shortcomings of existing products, providing differentiated charging functions such as fast charging for a single load at the center and slow charging for multiple loads at the edge, meeting various load conditions and charging needs. Simultaneously, the multiple selectable operating modes of the H5 bridge inverter circuit ensure optimal charging efficiency under various load conditions. The solution is simple and clear, achieving a balance between charging performance, user experience, and economic costs.

Claims

1. A wireless charging transmitter based on an H5 bridge, characterized in that, It includes a central transmitting area and an edge transmitting area; while the central transmitting area provides single-load fast charging capability for a single load, the edge transmitting area can provide multi-load slow charging capability for n loads, n≥2, and the edge transmitting area can charge n loads simultaneously. The circuit topology of the wireless charging transmitter includes an H5 bridge inverter circuit, which converts the DC power supplied by the DC power supply into high-frequency AC power and outputs two independently controllable high-frequency AC power. A high-frequency AC output from the H5 bridge inverter circuit drives the central transmitting coil located in the central transmitting area. The central receiving coil picks up the magnetic field energy of the transmitting magnetic field formed by the central transmitting coil. The energy output from the central receiving coil is rectified to achieve rapid charging of a single load. A central transmitting side compensation network is connected in series between the H5 bridge inverter circuit and the central transmitting coil. The central transmitting side compensation network is used to eliminate the reactive power caused by the self-inductance of the central transmitting coil. Another high-frequency AC output from the H5 bridge inverter circuit drives the edge transmitting coils arranged in the edge transmitting area. N edge receiving coils simultaneously pick up the magnetic field energy of the transmitting magnetic field formed by the edge transmitting coils. The energy output by each edge receiving coil is rectified to achieve slow charging of its respective load. An edge transmitting side compensation network is connected in series between the H5 bridge inverter circuit and the edge transmitting coils. The edge transmitting side compensation network is used to eliminate the reactive power caused by the self-inductance of the edge transmitting coils. The circuit topology of the central transmitting side compensation network consists of inductor L t1 Capacitor C t1 and capacitor C tx1 Composition; the circuit topology of the edge-emitting side compensation network consists of inductor L t2 Capacitor C t2 and capacitor C tx2 Composition; the energy output from the central receiving coil is passed through the compensation capacitor C rx1 And after rectification, it enables fast charging of a single load; the energy output from multiple edge receiving coils is respectively compensated by capacitor C rx2 C rx3 C rxn To achieve slow charging of multiple loads after rectification, the circuit parameters must satisfy the following conditions: In the formula: L tx1 The equivalent inductance of the center transmitting coil; L rx1 The equivalent inductance of the center receiving coil; L tx2 L is the equivalent inductance of the edge-emitting coil. rx2 L rx3 , ..., L rxn ω is the equivalent inductance of each edge emitting coil; ω is the system operating angular frequency. Meanwhile, the power transmission efficiency η and its optimal value η max for: In the formula, we have: Furthermore, the transmission power P required for the system to achieve optimal efficiency can be derived. o,opt for: The system then achieves the optimal transmission power P. o,opt With AC input voltage V in The number of loads, n, is correlated, and in the above formula, ω is the system operating angular frequency; Q t Q is the quality factor of the center transmitting coil. tx Q is the quality factor of the edge-emitting coil. rx Q represents the quality factor of the center receiving coil and the edge receiving coils. L =ωL rx / R o R is the load quality factor. o The load equivalent resistance is given by ; k is the coupling coefficient between the center transmitting coil and the center receiving coil, and between the edge transmitting coil and the edge receiving coil; m is the inductance L. t1 With the self-inductance and inductance L of the center transmitting coil t2 The ratio of the self-inductance to that of the edge-emitting coil; The H5 bridge inverter circuit provides the number of loads n in different operating modes based on a reasonable input voltage V. in This allows the wireless charging transmitter to achieve optimal transmission power P. o,opt .

2. The wireless charging transmitter based on an H5 bridge as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The central emitting region is located at the center, and the peripheral emitting regions surround the central emitting region, thus forming a bowl-shaped structure.

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