Fe as permanent magnet 16 Process for the preparation of n2 compounds

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of permanent magnet capable of continuous preparation and its preparation method, compared with the preparation method of existing permanent magnet, it is lower in difficulty and cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to Fe 16 Synthesis of N2 ferromagnetic compounds and methods for preparing permanent magnets using 3D printers.

[0002] The relevant technical field of this invention relates to the preparation of permanent magnets. Background Technology

[0003] Although energy resources are dwindling while demand is rapidly increasing, it is necessary to find new energy resources and use existing energy sources in the most efficient way.

[0004] Generators and motors, which provide electromechanical energy conversion, play a vital role in energy consumption and generation. Therefore, improving the efficiency of generators and motors is crucial to combating climate change and meeting ever-increasing energy demands.

[0005] Magnets that can maintain their magnetism over a long period are called permanent magnets. Permanent magnet technology is an emerging field with applications in generators and electric motors. When considering energy efficiency solutions for generators and electric motors, electromechanical conversion based on permanent magnet technology becomes inevitable.

[0006] Permanent magnets are made of ferromagnetic materials, which are magnetized under the influence of a strong external magnetic field. By using a strong magnetic field, the magnetic moments of all the atoms in the ferromagnetic material are guided in the same direction.

[0007] Materials used as magnetic conductors and electromagnets are generally soft magnetic materials. The polarity of a permanent magnet does not change, while the polarity of a soft magnetic material changes with the polarity of the applied magnetic field.

[0008] The permanent magnets described in the literature are made of lanthanides, which are expensive, have limited properties, and are harmful to nature due to their mining process. The production of lanthanide-containing magnetic powder requires an expensive and lengthy process to transform it into the final product.

[0009] In the literature, the maximum magnetic energy density of the prepared permanent magnets failed to meet the requirements of relevant industries, and the maximum magnetic energy density was limited to 60 megagou-oar (MGOe).

[0010] In summary, compared to permanent magnets obtained through expensive and difficult preparation processes that lack sufficient magnetic force, the method for preparing permanent magnets that can be carried out continuously provided by this invention is less difficult and less costly than previous methods for preparing permanent magnets, and should provide an advantage to the related technical field. Summary of the Invention

[0011] This invention relates to a method for preparing a permanent magnet, which eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks and brings new advantages to the related technical field.

[0012] The main objective of this invention is to provide a permanent magnet with high magnetic energy density.

[0013] Another major objective of this invention is to provide a permanent magnet manufacturing process that enables continuous production and is suitable for industrial applications.

[0014] Another object of the present invention is to provide a permanent magnet that can be fabricated into a desired size and form.

[0015] This invention relates to a permanent magnet and a method for preparing the same, to achieve all the above-mentioned objectives, and will be obtained from the following detailed description. Therefore, the permanent magnet contains Fe. 16 N2 ferromagnetic compound. Therefore, a method for preparing a permanent magnet with high magnetic energy density is provided. The process steps of the method for preparing the permanent magnet are as follows:

[0016] i. Obtaining Fe in flake form by nitriding materials containing micron- or nano-sized α'-Fe powder. 16 N2 compounds;

[0017] ii. Using a 3D printer to combine polymer materials with Fe 16 N2 compounds combine to form structures;

[0018] iii. The compound obtained in step (ii) is magnetized and then subjected to heat treatment.

[0019] In one possible embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the α'-Fe powder described in step (i) is between 50 nm and 150 nm.

[0020] In one possible embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the α'-Fe powder used in step (i) is between 5 μm and 15 μm.

[0021] In one possible embodiment of the invention, the powder containing α'-Fe is also exposed to a stripping process using an auxiliary surfactant and / or solvent.

[0022] In one possible embodiment of the invention, the stripping process is carried out in a ball mill for 10 to 14 hours.

[0023] The nitriding treatment described in step (i) is carried out at a temperature in the range of 150°C to 190°C.

[0024] In one possible embodiment of the invention, the nitriding treatment in step (i) is performed for 24 to 160 hours.

[0025] In one possible embodiment of the invention, the nitriding treatment in step (i) is carried out using ammonia.

[0026] In one possible embodiment of the present invention, the polymeric material in step (ii) is one of the compounds SU8, PETA, LAP, PVP, polyurethane, PVDF, or a mixture thereof in a certain weight proportion.

[0027] In one possible embodiment of the invention, in step (ii), SU8 compound is used as the polymer material.

[0028] In one possible embodiment of the invention, Fe is to be used for step (ii) 16 The polymeric material is added to the N2 compound at a weight of 10% to 40% by weight.

[0029] In one possible embodiment of the invention, in step (ii), annealing under vacuum is also performed at a temperature between 100°C and 200°C.

[0030] In one possible embodiment of the invention, the annealing process is performed for 3 to 7 hours.

[0031] In one possible embodiment of the invention, the magnetization process in step (iii) is performed using an electromagnet with a magnetic field of 1 to 2 Tesla.

[0032] In one possible embodiment of the invention, the magnetization process is performed for 1 to 2 minutes.

[0033] In one possible embodiment of the invention, the obtained Fe 16 N2 ferromagnetic compounds are mixed with polymer materials. As a result, elastic and mechanically durable structures are obtained. Detailed Implementation

[0034] In the detailed description of the present invention, a permanent magnet is described, which provides a continuous method for its preparation and is less difficult and costly than existing methods for preparing permanent magnets. This description is only for illustrative purposes and is carried out in a manner that does not create limitation.

[0035] To prepare the permanent magnet mentioned in this invention, α'-Fe powder was nitrided, and the Fe obtained after nitriding was... 16 The N2 compound was magnetized to obtain a permanent magnet. The following process steps were employed to obtain a permanent magnet with the desired properties and structure.

[0036] i. Obtaining Fe in flake form by nitriding materials containing micron- or nano-sized α'-Fe powder. 16 N2 compounds;

[0037] ii. Using 3D printing Fe 16N2 compounds and polymer materials form a structure.

[0038] iii. The compound obtained in step (ii) is magnetized and then subjected to heat treatment.

[0039] Prior to step (i), α'-Fe powder is ball-milled into micron-sized flakes using a surfactant-containing technique. This ball-milling process lasts 10 to 14 hours. Anisotropic materials are obtained in magnet fabrication by flaking α'-Fe powder from Fe powder. Furthermore, nitriding is more effective when the surface area of ​​the α'-Fe powder increases. Subsequently, a process is performed to clean foreign matter from the surface of the α'-Fe powder. This surface cleaning process is carried out at 300°C to 500°C for 1 to 4 hours.

[0040] The nitriding treatment described in step (i) is carried out under powdered ammonia. The nitriding treatment of α'-Fe powder exposed to the surface cleaning process is carried out at a temperature range of 150°C to 190°C for 24 to 160 hours.

[0041] Prototype materials of the required size and form for the end user can be prepared via the 3D printing molding process described in step (ii). Fe is then used for step (ii). 16 10% to 40% by weight of polymeric material is added to the N2 compound.

[0042] The polymeric material mentioned in step (ii) is one of the following: compound SU8, PETA, LAP, PVP, polyurethane, PVDF, or a mixture thereof in a certain weight proportion.

[0043] UV-curable SU8 compounds were selected as polymer materials.

[0044] In step (ii), annealing is performed under vacuum at a temperature of 100°C to 200°C to ensure that the Fe obtained by the 3D printer has the desired structure. 16 The N2 compound is able to solidify and retain its volume. The annealing process is carried out for 3 to 7 hours.

[0045] The magnetization process described in step (iii) is performed using an electromagnet with a magnetic field of 1 to 2 Tesla. The magnetization process lasts for 1 to 2 minutes.

[0046] In step (iii), heat treatment is performed to magnetize the Fe obtained. 16 The N2 magnet is permanent. The heat treatment is carried out at a temperature of 100°C to 200°C for 3 to 7 hours.

[0047] The scope of protection of this invention is defined in the appended claims and should not be limited to the descriptions made for illustrative purposes in the specific embodiments.

[0048] Similarly, it is obvious that those skilled in the art can propose similar implementations based on the above description without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A Fe 16 The method for preparing N2-based permanent magnets is characterized by, include: i. Obtaining Fe in flake form by nitriding micron- or nano-sized α'-Fe powder. 16 N2 compounds; ii. By combining polymer materials with Fe 16 N2 compounds are combined and used in a 3D printer to form structures; iii. The structure obtained in step (ii) is magnetized to obtain a magnetized structure, and the magnetized structure is then heat-treated to obtain the Fe. 16 N2-based permanent magnets; Step (ii) further includes annealing the structure printed by the 3D printer, wherein the annealing is performed in a vacuum at a temperature between 100°C and 200°C for 3 to 7 hours.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the α'-Fe powder described in step (i) is between 50 nm and 150 nm.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the α'-Fe powder in step (i) is between 5 µm and 15 µm.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step (i) involves exfoliating the α'-Fe powder using an auxiliary surfactant and / or solvent.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The stripping process is carried out in a ball mill for 10 to 14 hours.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nitriding treatment in step (i) is carried out at a temperature range of 150°C to 190°C.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nitriding treatment in step (i) is carried out for 24 to 160 hours.

8. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nitriding treatment in step (i) is carried out using ammonia.

9. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polymer material in step (ii) is selected from at least one of SU8, PETA, LAP, PVP, polyurethane, and PVDF.

10. The preparation method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The polymer material is SU8.

11. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (ii), when the polymer material is mixed with Fe 16 When N2 compounds are combined, the polymer material is in the Fe 16 The weight percentage of the combination of N2 compound and the polymeric material is 10% to 40%.

12. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetization process in step (iii) is performed using an electromagnet with a magnetic field of 1 to 2 Tesla.

13. The preparation method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The magnetization process is performed for 1 to 2 minutes.