Optical System and Lamp

Abstract

The present invention provides an optical system and a lamp. The optical system includes a light source and a lens. The lens includes an incident cavity disposed at its central position for receiving light rays emitted by the light source, an incident surface formed on the inner wall surface of the incident cavity, a reflection surface disposed around the incident surface, and an exit surface disposed opposite to the incident cavity. The light source is disposed at the central position below the incident cavity. The reflection surface is formed by splicing a plurality of light mixing units, and each light mixing unit is formed by splicing a plurality of regularly shaped scale-like splicing surfaces, so that after the light rays emitted by the light source enter the lens from the incident surface, they are reflected by the light mixing units to form light mixing inside the lens, and finally exit through the exit surface. Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve short-distance light mixing, reduce the color difference of the light spot, and thus avoid the phenomenon of color stratification.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an optical system and a lamp, belonging to the field of lighting systems. Background Art

[0002] For existing optical systems, in order to solve the problem of chromatic aberration generated by the light emitted from a light source, a light mixing structure is usually designed to improve the light mixing effect. However, most current lenses require a light mixing structure with a large curvature to perform light mixing. Although light mixing can be achieved, the distance of light mixing is large, and color stratification is likely to occur. At the same time, under a large curvature, the angle of the lamp body is greatly affected and the efficiency is low. In addition, although there is a light mixing structure with good light mixing effect, it is relatively complicated to process and the mold design is complex, resulting in an increase in production cost.

[0003] In view of this, it is indeed necessary to improve the existing optical system to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an optical system, which can achieve short-distance light mixing, reduce the chromatic aberration of the light spot, and thus avoid the phenomenon of color stratification.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides an optical system, including a light source and a lens. The lens includes an incident cavity provided at its central position for receiving the light emitted by the light source, an incident surface formed on the inner wall surface of the incident cavity, an incident reflection surface surrounding the incident surface, and a light exit surface disposed opposite to the incident cavity. The light source is provided at the central position below the incident cavity. The incident reflection surface is formed by splicing a plurality of light mixing units, and each light mixing unit is formed by splicing a plurality of regularly shaped scale armor splicing surfaces, so that after the light emitted by the light source enters the lens from the incident surface, it is reflected by the light mixing unit to form light mixing inside the lens, and finally exits through the light exit surface.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, the light mixing unit includes a first scale armor splicing surface and a second scale armor splicing surface, a third scale armor splicing surface, a fourth scale armor splicing surface, and a fifth scale armor splicing surface arranged around the first scale armor splicing surface. Among them, the first scale armor splicing surface is arranged in a rhombus shape, and the second scale armor splicing surface, the third scale armor splicing surface, the fourth scale armor splicing surface, and the fifth scale armor splicing surface are respectively connected to the first scale armor splicing surface and are all arranged in a trapezoid shape.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first scale armor splicing surface, the second scale armor splicing surface, the third scale armor splicing surface, the fourth scale armor splicing surface, and the fifth scale armor splicing surface are all curved surfaces.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, several of the light mixing units are arranged in an annular array on the incident reflection surface, and the edge dimensions of the light mixing units in the same vertical column increase or decrease in an arithmetic progression, and the edge dimensions of the light mixing units in the same horizontal column are equal.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the lens is in a bowl-shaped structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. The light-emitting surface is located at the top of the lens and gradually contracts from the outer edge of the lens towards the center position of the lens, and the incident surface is located at the bottom of the lens.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the incident surface includes a second incident surface directly above the light source and a first incident surface connected to the second incident surface. The first incident surface is a curved surface that curves and protrudes towards the incident cavity, and the second incident surface is a flat surface.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, a light-emitting cavity opposite to the incident cavity is formed at the top of the lens. The light-emitting surface includes a first light-emitting surface opposite to the first incident surface and a second light-emitting surface opposite to the second incident surface. The first light-emitting surface is a curved surface that curves and protrudes towards the light-emitting cavity.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the lens is axially symmetrically arranged, and the second light-emitting surface bulges upward along the central axis of the lens to form a curved surface.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the incident reflection surface is a total reflection surface and is arranged around the first incident surface, so that a part of the light emitted by the light source enters the lens from the first incident surface, and after total reflection by the incident reflection surface to form mixed light, it is emitted from the first light-emitting surface, and another part of the light enters the lens from the second incident surface and is emitted from the second light-emitting surface.

[0014] The object of the present invention is to provide a lighting fixture to better apply the above optical system.

[0015] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a lighting fixture, which includes the above optical system.

[0016] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the optical system of the present invention uses several light mixing units to mix light on the reflection surface for a short distance, so that it can reduce the spot color difference and avoid the light-emitting stratification caused by light mixing while ensuring a high light-emitting rate. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the optical system of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 isFigure 1 Cross-sectional view of the lens shown.

[0019] Figure 3 is Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of one of the light mixing units on the lens shown.

[0020] Figure 4 is Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the light path on the light mixing unit shown.

[0021] Figure 5 is Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the light path on the light mixing units in the same vertical column on the lens shown.

[0022] Figure 6 is Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the light path on the lens shown.

[0023] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the longitudinal length of the light mixing unit corresponding to a certain equal angular division of the light source in the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the light mixing path and the simulated value of the light distribution efficiency of the optical system of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the light mixing path and the simulated value of the light distribution efficiency of the optical system with a wavy quadrilateral light mixing structure in the prior art.

[0026] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the light mixing path and the simulated value of the light distribution efficiency of the optical system with a rhombic light mixing structure in the prior art.

[0027] Figure 11 Comparison diagram of the chromatic aberration of the light mixing spots of optical systems with different light mixing structures.

[0028] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the secondary equal angular division of a certain equal angular division on the reflecting surface of the optical system of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0029] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] Here, it should be noted that in order to avoid obscuring the present invention due to unnecessary details, only the structures and / or processing steps closely related to the solution of the present invention are shown in the drawings, while other details less related to the present invention are omitted.

[0031] In addition, it should be noted that the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or apparatus comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus.

[0032] As Figure 1 shown in Figure 2 the present invention discloses an optical system 100, which can be applied to various lamps (such as spotlights, downlights, etc.) for short-distance light mixing. While ensuring a high light output rate, it can also reduce the chromatic aberration of the light spot and avoid the light output stratification phenomenon caused by light mixing.

[0033] The optical system 100 includes a lens 10 and a light source 20. The lens 10 has a bowl-shaped structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, and a concave incident cavity 11 for receiving the light emitted by the light source 20 is formed at the center of its bottom. An incident surface is formed on the inner wall surface of the incident cavity 11; a light-emitting cavity 12 opposite to the incident cavity 11 is formed by concave inward at the top of the lens 10. A light-emitting surface is formed on the inner wall surface of the light-emitting cavity 12, and the light-emitting surface is opposite to the incident surface; the light source 20 is located at the center position below the incident cavity 11. The lens 10 further includes a reflecting surface 17 surrounding the incident surface, and the reflecting surface 17 also surrounds the incident cavity 11 and the light-emitting cavity 12.

[0034] In this application, the reflecting surface 17 is a light-mixing surface composed of a plurality of light-mixing units 170, and the light-mixing surface is also a total reflecting surface 17. That is to say, a plurality of light-mixing units 170 are included on the side wall of the lens 10. Specifically, the plurality of light-mixing units 170 surround the side surface of the lens 10 to form a total reflecting surface 17. A part of the light emitted by the light source 20 can enter the lens 10 from the incident surface, be mixed in the lens 10 after being reflected by the total reflecting surface 17, and finally refracted out from the light-emitting surface; another part of the light emitted by the light source 20 can directly exit from the light-emitting surface after entering the lens 10 from the incident surface. This part of the light mainly refers to the light near the optical axis.

[0035] Specifically, the optical system 100 is axially symmetrically arranged, that is, the optical system 100 is symmetrically arranged about the central axis L. The incident surface includes a second incident surface 14 directly above the light source 20 and a first incident surface 13 connected to the second incident surface 14. The first incident surface 13 surrounds the second incident surface 14. The light-emitting surface includes a first light-emitting surface 15 arranged opposite to the first incident surface 13 and a second light-emitting surface 16 arranged opposite to the second incident surface 14. The first light-emitting surface 15 surrounds the second light-emitting surface 16. With such an arrangement, all the light rays emitted by the light source 20 can hit the inner wall surface of the incident cavity 11, that is, the first incident surface 13 and the second incident surface 14, and all enter the lens 10, and finally are emitted from the first light-emitting surface 15 and the second light-emitting surface 16 respectively, improving the light-emitting efficiency.

[0036] Furthermore, the first incident surface 13 is a curved surface that bends and protrudes towards the incident cavity 11; the first light-emitting surface 15 gradually contracts from the outer edge of the lens 10 towards the center position of the lens 10, and at the same time, the first light-emitting surface 15 also bends and protrudes towards the light-emitting cavity 12 to form a curved surface. That is to say, both the first incident surface 13 and the first light-emitting surface 15 are convex towards the direction of the central axis L to form a curved surface. The second incident surface 14 is arranged as a plane, and the second light-emitting surface 16 protrudes upwards along the central axis L to form a convex surface. With such an arrangement, after the light rays are refracted into the lens 10 from the first incident surface 13, they can be reflected to the first light-emitting surface 15 by the total reflection surface 17, effectively ensuring the light-emitting efficiency.

[0037] Secondly, the second incident surface 14 ensures that the light rays emitted by the light source 20 close to the central axis L can be directly refracted out from the second light-emitting surface 16 after entering the lens 10, without interfering with the reflection process of the light rays entering the lens 10 from the first incident surface 13 on the total reflection surface 17 and the light mixing process inside the lens 10, ensuring the orderliness of the light rays during the propagation process inside the lens 10 and improving the light-emitting quality. In addition, in order to better emit the light rays close to the central axis L, the aperture of the second light-emitting surface 16 (i.e., the convex surface) is designed to be slightly larger than the aperture of the second incident surface 14 (i.e., the plane). Thus, the convex second light-emitting surface 16 can make the light rays close to the central axis L more divergently emit from the lens 10, ensuring the light-emitting effect and improving the light-emitting efficiency.

[0038] In order to solve the color difference problem generated by the lamp, the optical system 100 generally designs various light mixing structures on the surface of the lens 10. These structures have various forms, and a light mixing structure with a large curvature is required to achieve the light mixing effect. Although a certain degree of light mixing can be achieved, the light mixing distance is large, that is, light mixing can only be carried out outside the lens 10, resulting in a poor light mixing effect, the phenomenon of light stratification, and low light-emitting efficiency.

[0039] Such as Figure 3 andFigure 4 As shown in the figure, the light mixing structure in the present invention is a light mixing unit 170, which is arranged on the total reflection surface 17 and includes a first scale splicing surface 171 and a second scale splicing surface 172, a third scale splicing surface 173, a fourth scale splicing surface 174, and a fifth scale splicing surface 175 arranged around the first scale splicing surface 171. Among them, the first scale splicing surface 171 is arranged in a rhombus shape, and the second scale splicing surface 172, the third scale splicing surface 173, the fourth scale splicing surface 174, and the fifth scale splicing surface 175 are respectively connected to the first scale splicing surface 171 and are all arranged in a trapezoid shape to form a regular geometric structure. Preferably, the above-mentioned first scale splicing surface 171, second scale splicing surface 172, third scale splicing surface 173, fourth scale splicing surface 174, and fifth scale splicing surface 175 are all curved surfaces. With such a setting, the light mixing structure on the optical system 100 is simple, which not only facilitates large-scale processing and production, but also has a good light mixing effect.

[0040] Combined with Figure 1 、 Figure 3 and Figure 5 , further, the light mixing units 170 are arranged in a circular array on the total reflection surface 17, and the edge sizes of the light mixing units 170 in the same vertical column increase or decrease according to an arithmetic progression, and the edge sizes of the light mixing units 170 in the same horizontal row are equal. Combined with Figure 6 , specifically, the light mixing units 170 in the same vertical column are the light mixing units 170 at the position of the generatrix of the total reflection surface 17, and the length of the generatrix is the longitudinal length D of all the light mixing units 170 in the same vertical column. The longitudinal length d of a single light mixing unit 170 at this position also increases or decreases according to an arithmetic progression. With such a setting, after the light is reflected in the lens 10, it can directly perform short-distance light mixing in the lens 10, thereby reducing the light mixing distance.

[0041] As Figure 7 shown, how to determine the size and position of a single light mixing unit 170 will be described in detail below. First, the plane where the light source 20 is located is equally divided. Using the formula: Calculate the equal division angle θ. In the above formula, I(θ) is the light intensity distribution of the light source 20, and θ iTo equally divide the sampling light ray angles of the light flux of the light source 20, N is the number of equal divisions. Then, according to the law of refraction n1*sinθ1 = n2*sinθ2, where n1 is the refractive index of light in air and n2 is the refractive index of light in the lens 10, the corresponding points where the light rays are refracted onto the total reflection surface 17 are obtained. Here, for the convenience of calculation, the reflection points A1 and A2 are taken. The height difference between these two points is the longitudinal length d of a single light mixing unit 170. After determining the longitudinal length d of one light mixing unit 170 at the bus bar, the longitudinal lengths d of other light mixing units 170 can be calculated successively according to the principle of arithmetic progression, and then the longitudinal lengths d of each light mixing unit 170 in the same vertical column are determined. Preferably, according to the above method, the longitudinal lengths d of each light mixing unit 170 in the same column of the present invention are successively 2.39 mm, 2.69 mm, 3.01 mm, 3.34 mm, 3.67 mm, 3.99 mm, 4.16 mm from small to large.

[0042] Then, each annular zone of the lens 10 (i.e., the circumferential length of each circle on the outer sidewall of the lens 10 at different heights) is equally divided into several small segments by 360°. The length of each small segment is the transverse length c of a single light mixing unit 170. According to the obtained longitudinal length d and transverse length c of each light mixing unit 170 and the position of the light reflection point, the size and installation position of each light mixing unit 170 can be determined.

[0043] Finally, according to the design principle that "the sizes of each light mixing unit 170 on each annular zone are the same, and the longitudinal lengths of all light mixing units 170 in the same vertical column increase or decrease according to an arithmetic progression", the sizes and installation positions of all light mixing units 170 on the reflection surface 17 can be obtained, and at this time, the design of the entire reflection surface 17 is completed.

[0044] As Figure 8 、 Figure 9 、 Figure 10 and Figure 11 shown, according to experiments, compared with the reflection surface 17 without a light mixing structure or with other light mixing structures, the light mixing surface (total reflection surface 17) composed of the light mixing units 170 in the present invention can not only achieve short-distance light mixing inside the lens 10, but also ensure the light output angle and light output efficiency of the optical system 100, and then reduce the spot chromatic aberration during light mixing output. Specifically, as Figure 9 shown, the light mixing surface composed of a wavy quadrilateral light mixing structure with all four sides being wavy is for light mixing outside the lens; Figure 10 shown, the light mixing surface composed of a rhombic light mixing structure is also for light mixing outside the lens; and Figure 8The light mixing surface formed by the light mixing unit 170 in the present invention is a light mixing unit that is completed within the lens, which effectively shortens the light mixing distance. It can be seen that the present invention can further perform short-distance light mixing to reduce the chromatic aberration of the light spot.

[0045] In addition, the present invention can also achieve light mixing at different angles. Specifically, first, the curvature of the base generatrix of the lens 10 is changed; then, the energy distribution of the light mixing unit 170 at the generatrix position is changed (that is, the size and shape of each light mixing unit 170). Figure 12 As shown, θ is the longitudinal angle of the entire light mixing unit 170. Since the light mixing unit 170 is a polyhedron, this θ is further distributed, that is, θ is equally divided on the Z axis, so the size of the five scale joint surfaces in a single light mixing unit 170, or the energy distribution in the three longitudinal areas (including the upper area, the middle area, and the lower area) of a single light mixing unit 170 can be obtained. The shape and size of the sub-areas obtained by different secondary bisection angles dθ of the same light mixing unit 170 are different, so the energy regulation is also different. Therefore, according to actual needs, the required energy distribution can be obtained by dividing the bisection angle again in different ways. At the same time, different light output angles can be adjusted by changing the curvature of the light mixing unit 170: for large angles, the light that accounts for a larger proportion of the energy can be adjusted to a larger angle with a scale with a more convex curvature; for small angles, the light that accounts for a smaller proportion of the energy can be adjusted with a scale with a flatter curvature.

[0046] The working principle and process of the optical system 100 will be described in detail below: a portion of the light emitted by the light source 20 enters the lens 10 from the first incident surface 13, is reflected by a plurality of light mixing units 170 on the total reflection surface 17, and then is mixed inside the lens 10, and then is emitted from the first light emitting surface 15 after the light mixing is completed; another portion of the light emitted by the light source 20 enters the lens 10 from the second incident surface 14, and is directly emitted from the second light emitting surface 16. The emitted light from the entire light emitting surface forms a circular light spot with low chromatic aberration, clear and uniform, making the emitted light softer, and the emitted light beam has no color stratification.

[0047] In summary, the optical system 100 of the present invention can mix light over a short distance by arranging the light mixing unit 170 on the reflective surface 17, and can reduce the light output stratification phenomenon caused by light mixing while ensuring a high light output rate. The light mixing unit 170 in the optical system 100 adopts a regular geometric structure and has a regular size arrangement, and the mold design is simple and easy to produce.

[0048] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. An optical system, comprising a light source (20) and a lens (10), characterized in that: The lens (10) includes an incident cavity (11) provided at its central position for receiving light rays emitted by a light source (20), an incident surface formed on the inner wall surface of the incident cavity (11), a reflecting surface (17) disposed around the incident surface, and a light-emitting surface disposed opposite to the incident cavity (11). The light source (20) is disposed at the lower central position of the incident cavity (11). The reflecting surface (17) is formed by splicing a plurality of light mixing units (170). Each light mixing unit (170) is formed by splicing a plurality of regularly shaped scale-like splicing surfaces, so that after the light rays emitted by the light source (20) enter the lens (10) from the incident surface, they are reflected by the light mixing unit (170) to form light mixing inside the lens (10), and finally are emitted through the light-emitting surface. Among them, the light mixing unit (170) includes a first scale-like splicing surface (171) and a second scale-like splicing surface (172), a third scale-like splicing surface (173), a fourth scale-like splicing surface (174), and a fifth scale-like splicing surface (175) disposed around the first scale-like splicing surface (171). The first scale-like splicing surface (171) is in a rhombus shape. The second scale-like splicing surface (172), the third scale-like splicing surface (173), the fourth scale-like splicing surface (174), and the fifth scale-like splicing surface (175) are respectively connected to the first scale-like splicing surface (171) and are all in a trapezoid shape. A plurality of the light mixing units (170) are arranged in a circular array on the reflecting surface (17), and the edge dimensions of the light mixing units (170) in the same vertical column increase or decrease in an arithmetic progression, and the edge dimensions of the light mixing units (170) in the same horizontal row are equal.

2. The optical system according to claim 1, wherein: The first scale-like splicing surface (171), the second scale-like splicing surface (172), the third scale-like splicing surface (173), the fourth scale-like splicing surface (174), and the fifth scale-like splicing surface (175) are all curved surfaces.

3. The optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lens (10) is in a bowl-shaped structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. The light-emitting surface is located at the top of the lens (10) and gradually contracts from the outer edge of the lens (10) towards the central position of the lens (10). The incident surface is located at the bottom of the lens (10).

4. The optical system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The incident surface includes a second incident surface (14) directly above the light source (20) and a first incident surface (13) connected to the second incident surface (14). The first incident surface (13) is a curved surface that curves and protrudes towards the incident cavity (11). The second incident surface (14) is a plane.

5. The optical system according to claim 4, wherein: An exit cavity (12) is formed at the top of the lens (10) opposite to the incident cavity (11). The light-emitting surface includes a first light-emitting surface (15) opposite to the first incident surface (13) and a second light-emitting surface (16) opposite to the second incident surface (14). The first light-emitting surface (15) is a curved surface that curves and protrudes towards the exit cavity (12).

6. The optical system according to claim 5, wherein: The lens (10) is axially symmetrically arranged, and the second light-emitting surface (16) bulges upward along the central axis of the lens (10) to form a curved surface.

7. The optical system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The reflecting surface (17) is a total reflection surface and is arranged around the first incident surface (13), so that a part of the light emitted by the light source (20) enters the lens (10) from the first incident surface (13), and after total reflection by the reflecting surface (17) to form mixed light, it is emitted from the first light-emitting surface (15), and another part of the light enters the lens (10) from the second incident surface (14) and is emitted through the second light-emitting surface (16).

8. A lighting fixture, characterized in that: An optical system according to any one of claims 1-7.

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