Electroslag furnace

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of electroslag furnaces, in particular to an electroslag furnace. The electrode rod lifting device comprises a furnace body, an electrode rod, a crystallizer, a cooling mechanism and a vacuum pumping mechanism; the inside of the furnace body is formed with an accommodating cavity, the inside of the crystallizer is formed with a crystallization cavity, the bottom of the furnace body is detachably connected with the top of the crystallizer, so that the accommodating cavity and the crystallization cavity are communicated; the electrode rod is arranged in the accommodating cavity of the furnace body in a lifting mode, the bottom of the electrode rod is electrically connected with the consumable electrode, so as to drive the consumable electrode to gradually extend into the crystallization cavity; the cooling mechanism comprises cooling pipelines arranged on the electrode rod, the furnace body and the crystallizer and a circulating driving member, the circulating driving member is communicated with the cooling pipelines, and the vacuum pumping mechanism is communicated with the accommodating cavity. The electroslag furnace can accurately align the electrode rod with the crystallizer at all times, guarantees the quality of the metal ingot, realizes vacuum smelting, can pump out impurities after smelting is completed, and ensures environmental protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electroslag furnace technology, and more particularly to an electroslag furnace. Background Technology

[0002] Electroslag furnaces are widely used in the production of titanium-based, nickel-based, iron-based, and cobalt-based ultra-high temperature alloys. The high-quality products manufactured from these alloys can be widely used in industries such as aero-turbine engines, automobiles, biomedicine, and chemicals.

[0003] Electroslag furnaces in related technologies typically use a mixture of minerals such as fluorite and alumina in a specific ratio, which is then baked to form raw materials. These raw materials are added to a crystallizer, where graphite electrodes heat the materials to perform slag formation. The crystallizer is exposed in the factory building, and as the solid minerals melt, the free and crystalline water adsorbed in the fluorite, silica, and other minerals is converted into gaseous substances and released, causing environmental pollution. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an electroslag furnace that can, to a certain extent, solve the technical problem of serious environmental pollution caused by existing electroslag furnaces.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions;

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the electroslag furnace provided by the present invention includes a furnace body, an electrode rod, a crystallizer, a cooling mechanism, and a vacuuming mechanism.

[0007] The furnace body has an internal receiving cavity, and the crystallizer has an internal crystallization cavity. The bottom of the furnace body and the top of the crystallizer are detachably connected so that the receiving cavity and the crystallization cavity communicate with each other.

[0008] The electrode rod is vertically and vertically mounted in the receiving cavity of the furnace body. The bottom of the electrode rod is electrically connected to the consumable electrode so as to drive the consumable electrode to gradually extend into the crystallization cavity.

[0009] The cooling mechanism includes cooling pipes and a circulation drive component disposed on the electrode rod, the furnace body and the crystallizer. The circulation drive component is connected to the cooling pipes to drive the refrigerant to circulate within the cooling pipes.

[0010] The vacuum pumping mechanism is connected to the receiving cavity to evacuate the receiving cavity and the crystallization cavity.

[0011] Optionally, in any of the above technical solutions, the cooling pipe includes a first cooling pipe disposed within the furnace wall of the furnace body, a second cooling pipe disposed within the vessel wall of the crystallizer, and a third cooling pipe disposed within the electrode rod.

[0012] Optionally, in any of the above technical solutions, the electrode rod includes a cylindrical conductor, a cylindrical insulator, and a clamping assembly;

[0013] The cylindrical insulator is sleeved on the cylindrical conductor, and the clamping assembly is connected to the bottom end of the cylindrical conductor. A clamping space is formed between the clamping assembly and the cylindrical insulator. The clamping space is used to clamp the top end of the raw material so that the consumable electrode abuts against the bottom of the cylindrical conductor and forms an electrical connection.

[0014] Optionally, in any of the above technical solutions, the clamping assembly includes a positioning ball, a fixing part, and a tensioning part;

[0015] The fixing part is connected to the bottom end of the cylindrical conductor, and the tensioning part is sleeved on the outside of the fixing part;

[0016] The fixing part is provided with a floating mounting hole. The depth direction of the floating mounting hole is consistent with the radial direction of the fixing part, and the cross-section of the floating mounting hole gradually decreases in the direction away from the tensioning part.

[0017] Part of the positioning ball is disposed within the floating mounting hole, and the other part of the positioning ball abuts against the inner wall of the tensioning part.

[0018] In any of the above technical solutions, optionally, the clamping assembly includes a cylinder and an annular piston, the cylinder being disposed at the top of the cylindrical insulator;

[0019] The annular piston is disposed inside the cylinder. The inner ring of the annular piston is used to seal and fit with the cylindrical conductor. The annular piston can reciprocate within the cylinder along the height direction of the cylindrical conductor, thereby driving the cylindrical conductor to reciprocate along its own axial direction.

[0020] Optionally, in any of the above technical solutions, a partition is provided inside the cylinder to divide the inside of the cylinder into a first chamber and a second chamber;

[0021] The number of annular pistons is two, namely a first annular piston and a second annular piston, and the first annular piston and the second annular piston are respectively disposed in the first chamber and the second chamber;

[0022] The cylinder has a first air port, a second air port, and a third air port. The first air port is connected to the portion of the second chamber located on the side of the second annular piston opposite to the partition plate. The second air port and the third air port are respectively connected to the portions of the first chamber located on both sides of the first annular piston.

[0023] In any of the above technical solutions, optionally, the third cooling pipe includes a main water inlet pipe, a main water outlet pipe, multiple water inlet pipes, multiple water outlet pipes, and multiple flow pipes;

[0024] The main inlet pipe, the water inlet branch pipe, the water outlet branch pipe, and the main outlet pipe are all housed within the cylindrical insulator.

[0025] Multiple water inlet pipes are connected to the main water inlet pipe, and multiple water outlet pipes are connected to the water outlet pipe. The water inlet pipes are connected to the water outlet pipes one-to-one through the flow pipes.

[0026] In any of the above technical solutions, the crystallizer may optionally include an inlet jacket, an outlet jacket, and a water-sealing ring;

[0027] The outlet sleeve is fitted outside the inlet sleeve, the water-proof ring is disposed between the inlet sleeve and the outlet sleeve, the water-proof ring and the inlet sleeve form an inlet space, and the water-proof ring and the outlet sleeve form an outlet space;

[0028] The top of the water-proof ring is provided with an overflow hole, and the water inlet space is connected to the water outlet space through the overflow hole. The water inlet space, the overflow hole and the water outlet space form the second cooling pipe.

[0029] Optionally, in any of the above technical solutions, the electroslag furnace further includes a lifting drive mechanism and a correction drive component;

[0030] The lifting drive mechanism is insulated from the electrode rod to drive the electrode rod to rise and fall;

[0031] The correction drive includes multiple guide wheels arranged circumferentially along the electrode rod to provide radial restraint to the electrode rod.

[0032] Optionally, in any of the above technical solutions, the electroslag furnace further includes an inert gas supply mechanism, which is connected to the crystallization chamber to introduce an inert protective gas into the crystallization chamber.

[0033] The electroslag furnace also includes a power source electrically connected to the electrode rod, which can supply current to the electrode rod through the electrode rod and gradually reduce the supply current at a predetermined time before the end of smelting.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the present invention by adopting the above technical solution are as follows:

[0035] The electroslag furnace provided by this invention includes a furnace body, an electrode rod, a crystallizer, a cooling mechanism, and a vacuuming mechanism. The electrode rod is vertically and flexibly disposed within the receiving cavity of the furnace body. The bottom of the electrode rod is electrically connected to a consumable electrode, thereby driving the consumable electrode to gradually extend into the crystallization cavity. During the smelting process, the electrode rod, the furnace body, and the crystallizer are cooled, ensuring that the electrode rod is always precisely aligned with the crystallizer. Through precise temperature control, the quality of the metal ingot is guaranteed.

[0036] In addition, the vacuuming mechanism is connected to the containment cavity to evacuate the containment cavity and the crystallization cavity, so that the raw materials can be smelted in a vacuum environment. After smelting, impurities can be extracted, and the environmental friendliness of the electroslag furnace can be ensured. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting drive mechanism of the electrode rod lifting device for an electroslag furnace provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping assembly of the electrode rod lifting device for an electroslag furnace provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 Figure 2 A magnified view of the area at point B;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cylindrical insulator of the electroslag furnace provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure from viewpoint A;

[0043] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the correction drive component of the electroslag furnace provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the crystallizer of the electroslag furnace provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the crystallizer of the electroslag furnace provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0046] Icons: 1-Electroslag remelting furnace; 10-Clamping assembly; 100-Cylinder; 101-First annular piston; 102-Second annular piston; 103-Baffle plate; 104-First chamber; 105-Second chamber; 106-First gas port; 107-Second gas port; 108-Third gas port; 1090-Fixing part; 1091-Floating mounting hole; 1092-Positioning ball; 1093-Tensioning part; 11-Lifting drive mechanism; 110-Rotation drive component; 111-Ball bearing; 112-Lead screw; 12-Correction drive component; 120-First guide wheel; 121-The... 122-Guide wheel; 123-Column; 13-Horizontal support rod; 13-Electrode rod; 130-Cylindrical insulator; 1300-Base section; 1301-Inner sleeve; 1302-Outer sleeve; 131-Cylindrical conductor; 14-Third cooling pipe; 140-Main water inlet pipe; 141-Main water outlet pipe; 142-Water inlet pipe; 143-Water outlet pipe; 144-Flow pipe; 15-Furnace body; 16-Crystallizer; 160-Crystallizer body; 161-Water inlet sleeve; 162-Water-proof ring; 163-Water outlet sleeve; 164-Water inlet valve; 17-Raw material. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0049] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0050] The electroslag furnace 1 provided in this embodiment is used to remelt electroslag into metal ingots.

[0051] Combination Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the electroslag furnace 1 provided in this embodiment includes a furnace body 15, an electrode rod 13, a crystallizer 16, a cooling mechanism, and a vacuuming mechanism.

[0052] The above-mentioned components of the electroslag furnace 1 will be described in detail below.

[0053] In an optional embodiment, the furnace body 15 has an internal receiving cavity, and the crystallizer 16 has an internal crystallization cavity for receiving molten slag. The bottom of the furnace body 15 is detachably connected to the top of the crystallizer 16 so that the receiving cavity and the crystallization cavity communicate.

[0054] Optionally, the bottom of the furnace body 15 and the top of the crystallizer 16 can be sealed together to make the receiving cavity and the crystallization cavity in a sealed communication.

[0055] The electrode rod 13 is vertically and flexibly positioned within the receiving cavity of the furnace body 15. The bottom of the electrode rod 13 is electrically connected to the consumable electrode, thereby driving the consumable electrode to gradually extend into the crystallization cavity. Specifically, in the working state, the consumable electrode is electrically connected to the cathode of the power supply through the electrode rod 13, and a conductor electrically connected to the anode of the power supply is provided at the bottom of the crystallizer 16. An electric arc is generated between the bottom of the consumable electrode and the bottom of the crystallizer 16. When the electric arc is formed, the slag in the crystallization cavity can quickly generate a molten metal pool.

[0056] As the electrode rod 13 gradually extends into the crystallization cavity as a consumable electrode, it enables precise control of the arc heating zone, ensures the consistency of the solidification direction of the molten metal, prevents macroscopic segregation during solidification, reduces the number of microscopic segregations, and significantly improves the metal properties of the solidified ingot.

[0057] Specifically, at a predetermined time before the end of smelting, the power supply current should be gradually reduced in order to increase the yield of metal ingots.

[0058] The cooling mechanism includes cooling pipes and circulation drive components disposed on the electrode rod 13, furnace body 15 and crystallizer 16. The circulation drive component is connected to the cooling pipes to drive the refrigerant to circulate in the cooling pipes, thereby absorbing heat from the electrode rod 13, furnace body 15 and crystallizer 16 through the refrigerant, thus cooling the electrode rod 13, furnace body 15 and crystallizer 16. At the same time, the absorbed heat is carried away by the flow of the refrigerant, so as to achieve continuous cooling of the electrode rod 13, furnace body 15 and crystallizer 16.

[0059] During operation, the crystallizer 16 generates impurity gases. A vacuum pump is connected to the containment cavity to evacuate both the containment cavity and the crystallization cavity. This maintains a vacuum in both the containment cavity and the crystallization cavity during operation. High-temperature arc melting under vacuum allows for degassing, deoxygenation, and impurity removal from the slag. The released gases and impurities can be extracted by the vacuum system. This ensures high-quality remelting of the slag under vacuum, improving the purity of the resulting metal ingot. Furthermore, it allows for the timely extraction and preservation of polluting gases and impurities, preventing their free escape into the plant and improving environmental protection. In an optional embodiment, the electroslag furnace 1 also includes a vacuum pump, which is connected to the interior of the furnace body 15. The crystallizer 16 is sealed to the furnace body 15, with the opening of the crystallizer 16 connecting to the interior of the furnace body 15.

[0060] Optionally, the electroslag furnace 1 also includes an inert gas supply mechanism, which is connected to the crystallization chamber to introduce inert protective gas into the crystallization chamber. Specifically, the inert gas supply mechanism is used to fill the evacuated containment chamber and crystallizer 16 with inert gas to achieve inert protection.

[0061] The electrode rod 13 lifting device provided in this embodiment includes a frame and a lifting drive mechanism 11.

[0062] The lifting drive mechanism 11 is movably connected to the frame so that the lifting drive mechanism 11 drives the electrode rod 13 to rise and fall relative to the frame. The electrode rod 13 is used as a consumable electrode. As the raw material 17 at the bottom of the electrode rod 13 gradually melts, the lifting drive mechanism 11 drives the electrode rod 13 to move downward, thereby ensuring that the bottom of the molten electrode rod 13 is always kept in a state that can form a stable electric arc with the crystallizer 16.

[0063] In an optional embodiment, to improve the rationality of the cooling pipe layout, the cooling pipes include a first cooling pipe disposed in the furnace wall of the furnace body 15, a second cooling pipe disposed in the vessel wall of the crystallizer 16, and a third cooling pipe disposed in the electrode rod 13.

[0064] In an optional embodiment, the electrode rod 13 includes a cylindrical conductor 131, a cylindrical insulator 130, and a clamping assembly 10.

[0065] A cylindrical insulator 130 is fitted over a cylindrical conductor 131 to isolate the cylindrical conductor 131 from the outside world.

[0066] The clamping assembly 10 is connected to the bottom end of the cylindrical conductor 131. A clamping space is formed between the clamping assembly 10 and the cylindrical insulator 130. The clamping space is used to clamp the top end of the raw material 17 so that the consumable electrode abuts against the bottom of the cylindrical conductor 131 and forms an electrical connection.

[0067] In this embodiment, the clamping assembly 10 includes a fixing part 1090, a positioning ball, and a tensioning part 1093.

[0068] The fixing part 1090 is connected to the bottom end of the cylindrical conductor 131, and the tensioning part 1093 is sleeved on the outside of the fixing part 1090. In order to ensure that the cylindrical conductor 131 and the fixing part 1090 are connected to form an electrical connection, the fixing part 1090 is made of conductive material.

[0069] The fixing part 1090 has a floating mounting hole 1091. The depth direction of the floating mounting hole 1091 is consistent with the radial direction of the fixing part 1090. The cross section of the floating mounting hole 1091 gradually decreases in the direction away from the tensioning part 1093. The cross section of the floating mounting hole 1091 refers to the cross section obtained by cutting the floating mounting hole 1091 along the depth direction perpendicular to the floating mounting hole 1091. The cross section of the floating mounting hole 1091 is circular or has an inscribed circle shape.

[0070] A portion of the positioning ball 1092 is disposed within the floating mounting hole 1091, and the other portion of the positioning ball 1092 abuts against the inner wall of the tensioning part 1093, thereby enabling the positioning ball 1092 to press against the inner wall of the tensioning part 1093. The tensioning part 1093 transmits the clamping force to the top of the raw material 17, thereby achieving clamping through the pressure applied to the top of the raw material 17 by the tensioning part 1093.

[0071] Optionally, the number of floating mounting holes 1091 is the same as the number of positioning balls 1092, and there are multiple positioning balls 1092. The multiple positioning balls 1092 are arranged one-to-one inside the multiple floating mounting holes 1091, so that the raw material 17 can be clamped at multiple points.

[0072] In this embodiment, the clamping assembly 10 includes a cylinder 100 and an annular piston. The cylinder 100 is disposed on the top of the cylindrical insulator 130, thereby supporting and fixing the cylinder 100 through the cylindrical insulator 130.

[0073] An annular piston is disposed inside the cylinder 100. The inner ring of the annular piston is used to seal and fit with the cylindrical conductor 131. The annular piston can reciprocate within the cylinder 100 along the height direction of the cylindrical conductor 131, thereby driving the cylindrical conductor 131 to reciprocate along its own axial direction. Thus, by driving the cylindrical conductor 131 to reciprocate, the clamping assembly 10 is driven to reciprocate along the height direction of the cylindrical conductor 131, thereby achieving the clamping and release of the raw material 17 by the clamping assembly 10. Furthermore, during the relative movement of the clamping assembly 10 with respect to the raw material 17, the positioning ball 1092 can effectively reduce the coefficient of friction between the two, thereby reducing the resistance to clamping and releasing.

[0074] On the other hand, it makes it possible to produce the cylindrical conductor 131 using a single consumable electrode in the height direction, and the reciprocating pull of the annular piston on the cylindrical conductor 131 is very stable, which can prevent the cylindrical conductor 131 from shaking during the process.

[0075] In an optional embodiment, the cylinder 100 is provided with a partition 103 to divide the interior of the cylinder 100 into a first chamber 104 and a second chamber 105.

[0076] There are two annular pistons, namely the first annular piston 101 and the second annular piston 102, which are respectively disposed in the first chamber 104 and the second chamber 105.

[0077] The cylinder 100 has a first air port 106, a second air port 107, and a third air port 108. The first air port 106 connects to the portion of the second chamber 105 located on the side opposite to the partition plate 103 of the annular piston. Specifically, the second chamber 105 is divided into two independent parts by the second annular piston 102. The first air port 106 connects to the portion of the two parts that is farther from the partition plate 103 along the height direction of the cylindrical conductor 131. Thus, by adjusting the air intake of the first air port 106, the movement range of the first annular piston 101 can be adjusted, thereby causing the cylindrical conductor 131 and the clamping assembly 10 to move approximately to the vicinity of the target position via the first annular piston 101.

[0078] The second air port 107 and the third air port 108 are respectively connected to the portions of the first chamber 104 located on both sides of the first annular piston 101. Specifically, the first chamber 104 is divided into two independent parts by the first annular piston 101 along the height direction of the cylindrical conductor 131. The second air port 107 and the third air port 108 are respectively connected to these two parts. Thus, by sequentially adjusting the flow of the second air port 107 and the third air port 108, the movement amplitude of the second annular piston 102 along the height direction of the cylindrical conductor 131 can be finely adjusted in both forward and reverse directions. Furthermore, the second annular piston 102 drives the cylindrical conductor 131 and the clamping assembly 10 to be finely adjusted near the target position until it is accurately moved to the target position.

[0079] This not only ensures reliable clamping of the raw material 17, but also avoids temperature control blind spots during the alternation process, and ensures that the cylindrical conductor 131 is always precisely aligned with the crystallizer 16, thereby effectively guaranteeing the quality of the crystallized metal ingot.

[0080] In an optional embodiment, the cylindrical insulator 130 includes a base portion 1300 and an inner sleeve 1301 and an outer sleeve 1302 connected to the bottom end of the base portion 1300. The outer sleeve 1302 is fitted over the inner sleeve 1301 at predetermined intervals. The base portion 1300 is provided with an inlet and an outlet. A third cooling pipe 14 is formed within the predetermined interval between the inner sleeve 1301 and the outer sleeve 1302. The third cooling pipe 14 connects the inlet and the outlet, thereby ensuring that the non-melting area of ​​the electrode rod 13 remains at a low temperature, preventing the electrode rod 13 from undergoing reverse melting from top to bottom, and improving crystallization safety.

[0081] In an optional embodiment, the third cooling pipe 14 includes a main water inlet pipe 140, a main water outlet pipe 141, multiple water inlet pipes 142, multiple water outlet pipes 143, and multiple flow pipes 144.

[0082] The main water inlet pipe 140, water inlet pipe 142, water outlet pipe 143, and main water outlet pipe 141 are all housed within the cylindrical insulator 130. Multiple water inlet pipes 142 are connected to the main water inlet pipe 140, and multiple water outlet pipes 143 are connected to the water outlet pipe 143. The water inlet pipes 142 are connected to the water outlet pipes 143 one-to-one through the flow pipes 144. The main water inlet pipe 140 is connected to the water inlet, and the main water outlet pipe 141 is connected to the water outlet, thereby forming multiple water cooling channels and improving the uniformity and efficiency of cooling water on the electrode rod 13.

[0083] Optionally, all water outlet pipes 143 and water inlet pipes 142 are evenly arranged within the base 1300, thereby improving the water supply uniformity and cooling uniformity of the third cooling pipe 14.

[0084] In an optional embodiment, the crystallizer 16 includes a crystallizer body 160, an inlet jacket 161, an outlet jacket 163, a water-separating jacket, and an electromagnetic stirring coil. The electromagnetic stirring coil is located at the bottom of the crystallizer body, and a crystallization space is formed inside the crystallizer body. The molten metal rotates and moves in the magnetic field to achieve the processes of degassing, deoxygenation, and removal of impurities, thereby obtaining a pure metal ingot.

[0085] Both the inlet sleeve 161 and the outlet sleeve 163 are located on the outside of the crystallizer body. The outlet sleeve 163 is fitted over the inlet sleeve 161. The water-proof ring 162 is located between the inlet sleeve 161 and the outlet sleeve 163. The water-proof ring 162 and the inlet sleeve 161 form an inlet space, and the water-proof ring 162 and the outlet sleeve 163 form an outlet space. The inlet space is used to introduce cooling water, and the outlet space is used to discharge cooling water.

[0086] An overflow hole is provided at the top of the water-insulating ring 162. The water inlet space is connected to the water outlet space through the overflow hole. The water inlet space, overflow hole, and water outlet space form a second cooling pipe. Thus, when the water inlet space is filled with cooling water, the cooling water in the water inlet space will overflow into the water outlet space and be discharged through the water outlet space. In this way, on the one hand, the large amount of cooling water filling the water inlet space can cool the crystallizer body, ensuring sufficient heat exchange area and improving the efficiency of metal liquid solidification into metal ingot. On the other hand, through the water outlet space and overflow hole, after new cooling water is introduced into the water inlet space, the high-temperature cooling water can be discharged from the water inlet space in a timely manner, improving the renewal efficiency of the cooling water in the water inlet space.

[0087] Optionally, the crystallizer 16 is provided with an inlet valve 164 connected to the inlet space to control whether cooling water is introduced into the inlet space.

[0088] In an optional embodiment, the lifting drive mechanism 11 includes a rotary drive component 110 and a ball screw assembly.

[0089] The ball screw assembly includes vertically aligned balls 111 and a screw 112. Balls 111 are fixedly connected to the frame, and screws 112 are threaded onto the screw 112. The bottom end of the screw 112 is connected to the electrode rod 13, and a rotary drive 110 is driven by the top of the screw 112 to drive the screw 112 to raise and lower the electrode rod 13. The balls 111 and screw 112 convert the rotational motion of the rotary drive 110 into linear motion, thereby stably and accurately driving the electrode rod 13 to rise and fall along the height of the frame. This facilitates accurate and stable control of the electrode rod 13's advancing speed and alignment accuracy with the crystallizer 16.

[0090] Optionally, the rotary drive 110 is a motor or electric motor, etc.

[0091] In an optional embodiment, the lifting drive mechanism 11 further includes a correction drive component 12.

[0092] The correction drive 12 is connected to the top of the electrode rod 13 to prevent the electrode rod 13 from rotating in the opposite direction relative to the lead screw 112. When the lead screw 112 is screwed to the electrode rod 13, it can effectively prevent the screw connection between the lead screw 112 and the electrode rod 13 from loosening.

[0093] Optionally, the correction drive component 12 includes a first guide wheel 120 and a second guide wheel 121. A transverse support rod 123 is provided at the top of the electrode rod 13, and a column 122 is provided at the end of the transverse support rod 123. The column 122 is sandwiched between the first guide wheel 120 and the second guide wheel 121. Thus, when the lead screw 112 has a tendency to loosen, it will be transmitted to the crossbeam column 122, and then the crossbeam can autonomously transmit to the first guide wheel 120 and the second guide wheel 121, so that the rolling of the first guide wheel 120 and the second guide wheel 121 will absorb the energy that causes the lead screw 112 to loosen. Since the first guide wheel 120 and the second guide wheel 121 limit the column 122, it can also play the role of radially limiting the position of the electrode rod 13.

[0094] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, those skilled in the art can understand that although some embodiments described herein include certain features included in other embodiments but not other features, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the present invention and form different embodiments. For example, any one of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination. The information disclosed in this background section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the overall background technology of the present invention, and should not be regarded as an admission or in any form implying that such information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An electroslag furnace, characterized in that, It includes the furnace body, electrode rods, crystallizer, cooling mechanism, and vacuum mechanism; The furnace body has an internal receiving cavity, and the crystallizer has an internal crystallization cavity. The bottom of the furnace body and the top of the crystallizer are detachably connected so that the receiving cavity and the crystallization cavity communicate with each other. The electrode rod is vertically and vertically mounted in the receiving cavity of the furnace body. The bottom of the electrode rod is electrically connected to the consumable electrode so as to drive the consumable electrode to gradually extend into the crystallization cavity. The cooling mechanism includes cooling pipes and a circulation drive component disposed on the electrode rod, the furnace body and the crystallizer. The circulation drive component is connected to the cooling pipes to drive the refrigerant to circulate within the cooling pipes. The vacuum pumping mechanism is connected to the receiving cavity to evacuate the receiving cavity and the crystallization cavity; The electrode rod includes a cylindrical conductor, a cylindrical insulator, and a clamping assembly; The cylindrical insulator is sleeved on the cylindrical conductor, and the clamping assembly is connected to the bottom end of the cylindrical conductor. A clamping space is formed between the clamping assembly and the cylindrical insulator. The clamping space is used to clamp the top of the raw material so that the consumable electrode abuts against the bottom of the cylindrical conductor and forms an electrical connection. The clamping assembly includes a positioning ball, a fixing part, and a tensioning part; The fixing part is connected to the bottom end of the cylindrical conductor, and the tensioning part is sleeved on the outside of the fixing part; The fixing part is provided with a floating mounting hole. The depth direction of the floating mounting hole is consistent with the radial direction of the fixing part, and the cross-section of the floating mounting hole gradually decreases in the direction away from the tensioning part. Part of the positioning ball is disposed in the floating mounting hole, and the other part of the positioning ball abuts against the inner wall of the tensioning part; The clamping assembly includes a cylinder and an annular piston, the cylinder being disposed at the top of the cylindrical insulator; The annular piston is disposed inside the cylinder. The inner ring of the annular piston is used to seal and fit with the cylindrical conductor. The annular piston can reciprocate within the cylinder along the height direction of the cylindrical conductor, thereby driving the cylindrical conductor to reciprocate along its own axial direction. It also includes a lifting drive mechanism and a correction drive component; The lifting drive mechanism is insulated from the electrode rod to drive the electrode rod to rise and fall; The correction drive includes multiple guide wheels arranged circumferentially along the electrode rod to provide radial restraint to the electrode rod.

2. The electroslag furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling pipes include a first cooling pipe disposed within the furnace wall of the furnace body, a second cooling pipe disposed within the crystallizer wall, and a third cooling pipe disposed within the electrode rod.

3. The electroslag furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cylinder is equipped with a partition to divide the interior of the cylinder into a first chamber and a second chamber; The number of annular pistons is two, namely a first annular piston and a second annular piston, and the first annular piston and the second annular piston are respectively disposed in the first chamber and the second chamber; The cylinder has a first air port, a second air port and a third air port. The first air port is connected to the portion of the second chamber located on the side of the second annular piston away from the partition plate. The second air port and the third air port are respectively connected to the portions of the first chamber located on both sides of the first annular piston.

4. The electroslag furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that, The third cooling pipe includes a main inlet pipe, a main outlet pipe, multiple inlet water pipes, multiple outlet water pipes, and multiple flow pipes; The main inlet pipe, the water inlet branch pipe, the water outlet branch pipe, and the main outlet pipe are all housed within the cylindrical insulator. Multiple water inlet pipes are respectively connected to the main water inlet pipe, and multiple water outlet pipes are respectively connected to the main water outlet pipe. The water inlet pipes are connected to the water outlet pipes one-to-one through the flow pipes.

5. The electroslag furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that, The crystallizer includes an inlet jacket, an outlet jacket, and a water-sealing ring; The outlet sleeve is fitted outside the inlet sleeve, the water-proof ring is disposed between the inlet sleeve and the outlet sleeve, the water-proof ring and the inlet sleeve form an inlet space, and the water-proof ring and the outlet sleeve form an outlet space; The top of the water-proof ring is provided with an overflow hole, and the water inlet space is connected to the water outlet space through the overflow hole. The water inlet space, the overflow hole and the water outlet space form the second cooling pipe.

6. The electroslag furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an inert gas supply mechanism, which is connected to the crystallization chamber to introduce an inert protective gas into the crystallization chamber; The electroslag furnace also includes a power source electrically connected to the electrode rod, which can supply current to the consumable electrode through the electrode rod and gradually reduce the supply current at a predetermined time before the end of smelting.

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