A semi-solid rotary roller extrusion forming device

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of mechanical equipment and discloses a semi-solid rotary milling and extrusion forming device, which comprises a smelting and refining ladle, a first cover detachably connected to the smelting and refining ladle, an ultrasonic treatment device arranged on the first cover, an electromagnetic stirring and heating device arranged on the inner wall of the smelting and refining ladle, a high-purity graphite crucible arranged in the smelting and refining ladle, a flow passage opening arranged at the bottom of the high-purity graphite crucible, a metal melt flow channel arranged at the bottom of the smelting and refining ladle and in communication with the flow passage opening, a rotary milling and extrusion forming device arranged at the lower side of the smelting and refining ladle, an inlet of the rotary milling and extrusion forming device in communication with the metal melt flow channel, and a cooling and coiling device arranged at the lower side of the outlet of the rotary milling and extrusion forming device. The smelting and refining device eliminates the melt transfer process, avoids the melt pollution caused by the production transfer of the metal melt, greatly refines the crystal phase organization, improves the mechanical properties of the product, reduces the production cost of the enterprise and is more suitable for the industrialized continuous production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mechanical equipment technology, and in particular to a semi-solid rotary extrusion forming equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Semi-solid forming is a new and advanced process that involves filling a semi-solid billet into an extrusion cylinder, applying pressure through an extrusion shaft, causing the billet to flow out of the extrusion die and solidify completely, resulting in a long product with a uniform cross-section. It is one of the important forming technologies in the field of semi-solid metal material processing and has broad application prospects in the automotive, communications, computer, and other fields, as well as in cutting-edge fields such as aviation, aerospace, and defense. It will drive the development of industry towards lightweight, high-performance, and environmentally friendly directions.

[0003] Compared with conventional hot extrusion after casting, semi-solid extrusion has lower material deformation resistance and can be extruded into complex thin-walled profiles. It eliminates the need for ingot casting, homogenization treatment, and preheating before extrusion. Therefore, it has the characteristics of short process, stable filling, dense structure, net shape, high mechanical properties, energy saving and low production cost.

[0004] In existing semi-solid extrusion technologies, such as invention patents ZL201910452467.2 and ZL201610194007.0, extrusion is used to transform billets into ultrafine / nanocrystalline materials. Although the multi-groove technology can significantly improve production efficiency, the frictional shear force gradually weakens as the extrusion wheel grooves increase in size and depth. Moreover, since the generated frictional shear force is only concentrated on the surface of the billet, the internal structure of the billet cannot be refined efficiently. At the same time, the preparation of multi-groove materials requires matching multiple metal flow channels to introduce the melt. During the melt transfer process, not only will oxidation and hydrogen absorption occur, making it difficult to guarantee the quality of the melt, but it is also extremely easy to introduce unnecessary impurities. Therefore, the mechanical properties of the final product are not high. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a semi-solid rotary extrusion forming device to overcome the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention is:

[0007] A semi-solid rotary extrusion forming apparatus, comprising:

[0008] A smelting and refining ladle has a detachable first cover, on which an ultrasonic treatment device is provided. An electromagnetic stirring and heating device is provided on the inner wall of the smelting and refining ladle. A high-purity graphite crucible is housed inside the smelting and refining ladle. A flow channel is opened at the bottom of the high-purity graphite crucible. A molten metal flow channel is provided at the bottom of the smelting and refining ladle, and the molten metal flow channel is connected to the flow channel opening.

[0009] A rotary extrusion forming device is disposed on the lower side of the smelting and refining ladle, and the inlet of the rotary extrusion forming device is connected to the molten metal flow channel;

[0010] A cooling and winding device is located below the outlet of the rotary extrusion forming device and is used to cool and wind up the formed product.

[0011] Preferably, the molten metal flow channel is provided with an electromagnetic valve for controlling the switching of the molten metal flow channel, and the electromagnetic valve is used to control the flow rate of the molten metal in the high-purity graphite crucible.

[0012] Preferably, a filter device is provided on the molten metal flow channel.

[0013] Preferably, the filtration device is a ceramic fiber filter plate.

[0014] Preferably, there are multiple high-purity graphite crucibles, each with different sizes and specifications.

[0015] Preferably, the rotary extrusion forming device includes a cylinder, one end of which is fixedly connected to the outlet end of the smelting and refining ladle, and the other end of which is provided with a second cover. An extrusion die is provided on the second cover. A main shaft is threaded through the second cover. One end of the main shaft is connected to the output end of a reducer, and the input end of the reducer is connected to the output end of a motor. A rotary extrusion collar is fixedly fitted on the other end of the main shaft. A rotary extrusion cavity is formed between the rotary extrusion collar and the cylinder. The cross-section of the rotary extrusion collar is a combination of a cone and a cylinder. The cone is located at the end away from the reducer. The outer surface of the rotary extrusion collar is provided with spirally rising protrusions. The closer the protrusions are to the smelting and refining ladle, the greater their width and height.

[0016] Preferably, the spindle is provided with a cooling water channel, which is connected to an external cooling water circulation system.

[0017] Preferably, the cylinder is provided with a cooling system for cooling the semi-solid metal slurry in the rotary extrusion cavity.

[0018] Preferably, there are multiple extrusion dies, each with a different shape, size, and specifications.

[0019] Compared with existing technologies, the semi-solid rotary extrusion forming equipment provided by this invention is particularly suitable for the preparation of non-ferrous alloys such as pure alloys, aluminum alloys, and magnesium alloys that are easily oxidized, easily burned, and have well-developed dendrites. Its beneficial effects are:

[0020] 1. This invention integrates smelting and refining equipment into one unit, ensuring seamless integration of each process. It employs electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic composite melt processing, and utilizes ceramic fiber plates to filter the melt using its own gravity. Compared to conventional melt processing, this invention achieves high-purity, impurity-free, and highly efficient online preparation of semi-solid slurry, significantly improving melt processing efficiency. Furthermore, its efficient integration with rotary extrusion molding equipment eliminates the melt transfer process, preventing melt contamination caused by production transfer.

[0021] 2. In the process of rotary extrusion, the present invention increases the contact area between the semi-solid metal slurry and the threads on the outer surface of the rotary extrusion ring and the cylinder. The strain is stronger during the deformation process, which can effectively break the well-developed dendrites and coarse second phases on the surface and inside of the semi-solid metal slurry at the same time, greatly refine the structure and improve the mechanical properties.

[0022] 3. The molding process using this invention is short, with close connections between each step. By changing the mold, multiple specifications of products can be produced simultaneously without increasing the number of equipment, reducing the floor space required for equipment, saving energy and reducing emissions, significantly reducing the production cost of enterprises, and making it easier for industrial continuous production. It is highly practical and worth promoting. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the metallographic structure of the Al-8Mg alloy product prepared using the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the metallographic structure of the Al-8Mg alloy product prepared using the present invention.

[0026] Figure label:

[0027] 1. First cap; 2. Ultrasonic treatment device; 3. Melting and refining ladle; 4. High-purity graphite crucible; 5. Electromagnetic stirring and heating device; 6. Metal melt flow channel; 7. Solenoid valve; 8. Ceramic fiber filter plate; 9. Main shaft; 10. Cooling water channel; 11. Motor; 12. Reducer; 13. Rotary extrusion collar; 14. Protrusion; 15. Cylinder; 16. Cooling system; 17. Second cap; 18. Extrusion die; 19. Product guide wheel; 20. Cooling water tank; 21. Product; 22. Coiler. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The following is in conjunction with the attached diagram. Figures 1 to 3 The present invention will be described in detail with respect to a specific embodiment, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiment.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a semi-solid rotary extrusion forming device, including a melting device, a rotary extrusion forming device, and a cooling and winding device.

[0031] The smelting unit is used to refine the raw materials, while the rotary extrusion forming unit is used to shape the refined raw materials. The rotary extrusion forming unit is located below the smelting unit, and its outlet is connected to the inlet of the rotary extrusion forming unit in a sealed manner to prevent oxidation, burn-off, and hydrogen absorption of the molten metal during smelting, refining, and rotary extrusion forming. A cooling and winding unit, located below the outlet of the rotary extrusion forming unit, is used to cool and wind up the shaped product.

[0032] Specifically, the smelting apparatus includes a first cover 1, a smelting and refining ladle 3, a filtering device, an ultrasonic treatment device 2, and an electromagnetic stirring and heating device 5. The first cover 1 is fastened to the top of the smelting and refining ladle 3. The ultrasonic treatment device 2 is fixed to the middle of the first cover 1 by connecting bolts. The electromagnetic stirring and heating device 5 is installed on the inner wall of the smelting and refining ladle 3. The electromagnetic stirring and heating device 5, also known as a magnetic stirring heating jacket, is used to perform electromagnetic stirring treatment on the melt while smelting and heat preservation of the metal material. The magnetic stirring heating jacket is reliable in operation, easy to operate, and has the characteristics of continuously adjustable heating power, intuitive heating power display, convenient observation and control of heating status, and continuously adjustable stirring speed. It also has a bidirectional stirring function, which can quickly stir to achieve the purpose of rapid mixing.

[0033] The smelting and refining package 3 is equipped with a detachable high-purity graphite crucible 4. The bottom of the smelting and refining package 3 is provided with a metal melt flow channel 6, which matches the flow channel opening at the bottom of the high-purity graphite crucible 4. The metal melt flow channel 6 is connected to the inlet of the rotary extrusion forming device.

[0034] Specifically, the filter device is installed on the molten metal flow channel 6, and the filter device is preferably a ceramic fiber filter plate 8.

[0035] Specifically, multiple high-purity graphite crucibles 4 are available for replacement, and each high-purity graphite crucible 4 has a different size and can hold approximately 50kg to 1000kg of molten metal. In use, the appropriate size of high-purity graphite crucible 4 can be selected according to the amount of molten metal.

[0036] Among them, the molten metal flow channel 6 is also equipped with an electromagnetic valve 7 for controlling the opening and closing of the molten metal flow channel 6. The electromagnetic valve 7 is used to control the flow rate of the melt in the high-purity graphite crucible 4.

[0037] Specifically, the rotary extrusion forming device includes a main shaft 9, a rotary extrusion collar 13, a cylinder 15, and a second cover 17. One end of the cylinder 15 is fixedly connected to the outlet end of the smelting and refining ladle 3, and the other end of the cylinder 15 is provided with a second cover 17, on which an extrusion die 18 is provided.

[0038] The extrusion die 18 is equipped with multiple dies, each with a different shape, size and specifications. The extrusion die 18 can be a variety of extrusion dies such as solid rods, bars, wires, profiles, and pipes, so as to facilitate replacement for different applications.

[0039] The second cover 17 is provided with a main shaft 9. One end of the main shaft 9 is connected to the output end of the reducer 12, and the input end of the reducer 12 is connected to the output end of the motor 11. The other end of the main shaft 9 is fitted with a fixed rotary extrusion collar 13, and a rotary extrusion cavity is formed between the rotary extrusion collar 13 and the cylinder 15.

[0040] The main spindle 9 is equipped with a motor 11 and a reducer 12. When the equipment is started, the motor 11 drives the reducer 12 to rotate, which in turn drives the main spindle 9 to rotate.

[0041] The main shaft 9 is equipped with a cooling water channel 10, which is connected to an external cooling water circulation system. This channel can cool the rotary extrusion ring 13, thereby cooling the semi-solid metal slurry.

[0042] The cylinder 15 is equipped with a cooling system 16 for cooling the semi-solid metal slurry in the rotary extrusion cavity.

[0043] To facilitate the use of gravity, the heights of the smelting device, the rotary extrusion forming device, and the cooling and winding device can be decreased sequentially during the specific setup.

[0044] Specifically, the cross-section of the rotary extrusion collar 13 is a combination of a cone and a cylinder, with the upper part being a cone and the lower part being a cylinder, with a diameter of 500mm to 2000mm. The cone is located at the end away from the reducer 12. The outer surface of the rotary extrusion collar 13 is provided with spirally rising protrusions 14. The protrusions 14 form a thread-like structure. The closer the position of the protrusions 14 is to the melting and refining ladle 3, the greater their width and height.

[0045] As an improvement to the technical solution, a product guide wheel 19 is provided between the rotary extrusion forming device and the cooling and winding device. The number of product guide wheels 19 and the cooling and winding device matches the number of extrusion dies 18. The cooling and winding device includes a cooling water tank 20 and a winding machine 22 disposed on the side of the cooling water tank 20.

[0046] In use, after refining, the molten metal passes through the molten metal flow channel 6 and the ceramic fiber filter plate 8 by gravity and enters the rotary extrusion cavity. It gradually cools and solidifies in the rotary extrusion cavity and completes the rotary extrusion deformation. The friction generated between the rotary extrusion collar 13 and the cylinder 15 drags the metal through the extrusion die 18 to form the shape. Then, the product 21 is cooled in the cooling water tank 20 and then coiled by the coiler 22.

[0047] Based on the above apparatus, the present invention also provides a semi-solid rotary extrusion forming method, the specific parameters of which are as follows:

[0048] The high-purity graphite crucible 4 has a capacity of 50kg, the rotary extrusion ring 13 rotates at 5r / min, and adopts two symmetrically arranged extrusion dies 18, as well as matching product guide wheels 19, cooling water tanks 20 and coilers 22. The extrusion die 18 is selected as a solid rod die with a diameter of 10mm.

[0049] Specifically, the method includes the following steps:

[0050] Melting and refining: The pre-prepared Al-8Mg (wt%) alloy ingot is placed into the high-purity graphite crucible 4 in the melting and refining package 3. The electromagnetic stirring and heating device 5 is turned on, and the temperature is adjusted to 750℃ for melting. The melted metal is kept warm and electromagnetically stirred. After the alloy ingot is completely melted, the ultrasonic treatment device 2 on the first cover 1 is opened to refine the melt.

[0051] Rotary extrusion forming: After the alloy melt is refined, the solenoid valve 7 at the metal melt flow channel 6 is opened. The refined metal melt, under its own weight, flows through the metal melt flow channel 6 and the ceramic fiber filter plate 8 and then flows into the rotary extrusion cavity. Under the action of the cooling system in the cylinder 15, it gradually becomes a high-quality semi-solid slurry. The motor is started to rotate the main shaft 9. The protrusions on the outer surface of the rotary extrusion collar 13 are used to rotate and drag the semi-solid metal slurry downward. Since the cross-section of the rotary extrusion collar 13 is a combination of a cone and a cylinder, with the upper part being a cone and the lower part being a cylinder, and the position of the protrusion 14 on the outer periphery of the rotary extrusion collar 13 is further away from the melting and refining ladle 3, its width and height are smaller. Therefore, the semi-solid slurry is continuously rolled and cooled during this process. The friction between the metal slurry and the cylinder 15 is used to drag the metal through two solid rod extrusion dies 18 to form the shape.

[0052] Cooling and winding: The solid extruded rods with a diameter of 10mm obtained by extrusion molding are adjusted in the forward direction by the product guide wheel 19 between their respective rotary extrusion molding devices and cooling and winding devices, and then cooled by their respective cooling water tanks 20. Finally, they are wound into coils by the winding machine 22.

[0053] The metallographic structure of the product obtained by the above method is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, compared with existing methods that use traditional continuous rheological extrusion molding to prepare materials such as... Figure 3 The metallographic structure of the 10mm diameter rod shown is similar to that of the rod prepared by this invention. The Al-8Mg (wt%) alloy product prepared by this invention has finer and more uniform equiaxed grains, and no coarse dendrites or second phase, which greatly improves the mechanical properties of the product. In addition, the prepared product has a smooth surface and no oxidation or pore inclusions inside.

[0054] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a semi-solid rotary extrusion forming equipment that combines smelting and refining equipment into one, adopts electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic composite melt treatment, and matches ceramic fiber board to filter the melt by its own gravity. Compared with conventional melt processing, this invention achieves high-purity, hybrid-free, and efficient online preparation of semi-solid slurry, significantly improving melt processing efficiency. Simultaneously, its efficient integration with rotary extrusion forming equipment eliminates the melt transfer process, avoiding melt contamination caused by production transfer. Furthermore, this invention increases the contact area between the semi-solid metal slurry and the threads and cylinder of the rotary extrusion ring during the rotary extrusion process, resulting in stronger strain during deformation. This effectively breaks down the well-developed dendrites and coarse second phases on the surface and inside of the semi-solid metal slurry, significantly refining the microstructure and improving mechanical properties. The forming process using this invention is short, with close integration of each step. It is particularly suitable for preparing extruded materials of easily oxidized, easily burned, and dendritic pure alloys, aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, and non-ferrous alloys. Moreover, by changing the mold, multiple specifications of products can be prepared simultaneously without increasing the number of equipment, reducing equipment footprint, saving energy and reducing emissions, significantly lowering enterprise production costs, and facilitating continuous industrial production. Its high practicality makes it worthy of promotion.

[0055] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely a few specific examples of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any variations that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A semi-solid rotary mill extrusion forming apparatus characterized by, The application relates to a smelting and refining package (3) which is detachably connected with a first cover (1), the first cover (1) is provided with ultrasonic treatment devices (2), the inner wall of the smelting and refining package (3) is provided with electromagnetic stirring and heating devices (5), the smelting and refining package (3) is internally sleeved with a high-purity graphite crucible (4), the bottom of the high-purity graphite crucible (4) is provided with a flow channel opening, the bottom of the smelting and refining package (3) is provided with a metal melt flow channel (6), the metal melt flow channel (6) is communicated with the flow channel opening; a rotary rolling and extruding forming device is arranged at the lower side of the smelting and refining package (3), the inlet of the rotary rolling and extruding forming device is communicated with the metal melt flow channel (6); a cooling and winding device is arranged at the lower side of the outlet of the rotary rolling and extruding forming device and is used for winding the product after the forming treatment; the metal melt flow channel (6) is provided with an electromagnetic valve (7) for controlling the opening and closing of the metal melt flow channel (6), the electromagnetic valve (7) is used for controlling the melt flow in the high-purity graphite crucible (4); the metal melt flow channel (6) is provided with a filtering device; the rotary rolling and extruding forming device comprises a cylinder (15), one end of the cylinder (15) is fixedly connected with the outlet end of the smelting and refining package (3), the other end of the cylinder (15) is provided with a second cover (17), the second cover (17) is provided with an extruding die (18); a main shaft (9) is arranged through the second cover (17), one end of the main shaft (9) is connected with the output end of a speed reducer (12), the input end of the speed reducer (12) is connected with the output end of a motor (11), the other end of the main shaft (9) is fixedly sleeved with a rotary rolling and extruding sleeve ring (13), a rotary rolling and extruding cavity is formed between the rotary rolling and extruding sleeve ring (13) and the cylinder (15), the cross section of the rotary rolling and extruding sleeve ring (13) is a combination of a circular cone and a circular cylinder, the circular cone is located at the end far away from the speed reducer (12), the outer surface of the rotary rolling and extruding sleeve ring (13) is provided with helically ascending protrusions (14), the closer the protrusions (14) are to the smelting and refining package (3), the greater the width and height of the protrusions (14) are. The filtering device is a ceramic fiber filter plate (8). The high-purity graphite crucible (4) has a plurality of different sizes. The main shaft (9) is internally provided with a cooling water channel (10) which is communicated with an externally arranged cooling water circulating system. The cylinder (15) is internally provided with a cooling system (16) for cooling the semi-solid metal slurry in the rotary rolling and extruding cavity.

2. A semi-solid roll press forming apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein The extruding die (18) has a plurality of different shapes and sizes.

3. A semi-solid roll press forming apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein ​ 4. A semi-solid roll press forming apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein ​ 5. A semi-solid roll press forming apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein ​ 6. A semi-solid roll press forming apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein ​

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