A small-ratio transmission synchronizing device

Abstract

The application discloses a small-speed-ratio transmission synchronizer device, which comprises a synchronizer sliding sleeve, a synchronizer gear hub, a steel ball spring encapsulated locking mechanism, a first synchronizer combined gear ring and a second synchronizer combined gear ring, and first and second synchronizer locking rings. The synchronizer sliding sleeve comprises inner splines, the synchronizer gear hub comprises outer splines and a groove, and the inner splines of the synchronizer sliding sleeve and the outer splines of the synchronizer gear hub are in meshing connection. The steel ball spring encapsulated locking mechanism is located in the groove of the synchronizer gear hub. The first and second synchronizer combined gear rings are fixed on first and second gear cone-shaped parts respectively. The first and second synchronizer locking rings are located on the two sides of the steel ball spring encapsulated locking mechanism. The first synchronizer locking ring is bent to form a cone-shaped part matched with the second gear cone-shaped part. The second synchronizer locking ring is bent to form a cone-shaped part matched with the first gear cone-shaped part. The synchronizer sliding sleeve, the synchronizer gear hub, the first gear and the second gear are all sleeved on a main shaft. The application improves the gear shifting performance of the synchronizer and increases the friction radius through the friction pairs formed by cooperation with the gears.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of transmission, and relates to a small speed ratio transmission synchronizer. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the improvement of engine power assembly technology, it has become a trend for the whole vehicle to develop in the direction of large power, and the transmission of commercial vehicles also develops in the direction of large torque, which puts forward higher requirements for the bearing capacity and reliability of the transmission gear. In order to facilitate the arrangement of the whole vehicle and ensure interchangeability, the general vehicle manufacturer requires that the total length of the transmission cannot be too long or remain the same. Therefore, it is difficult to implement the measure of reducing the installation distance of the traditional synchronizer of the main box to increase the gear width so as to improve the bending fatigue and contact fatigue life of the gear under the condition that the total length of the transmission remains unchanged.

[0003] Now, the light weight of the transmission has become an important link for reducing fuel consumption and improving the fuel economy of the whole vehicle. Therefore, the vehicle manufacturer requires that the weight of the transmission is smaller and smaller. It is extremely difficult for the traditional synchronizer of the main box of the transmission to achieve the purpose of reducing weight by reducing the installation distance to realize smaller transmission length, because too small installation distance will cause other problems, such as the meshing length of the synchronizer is not enough to cause the fracture of the spline tooth, the shift failure, the synchronizer pin or spring is out of the gear, etc. Now, there is an urgent need for a device capable of improving the reliability of the gear life of the large torque transmission and reducing the weight of the transmission. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to solve the problems in the prior art, and to provide a small speed ratio transmission synchronizer, which can realize the embedding technology of the non-radiate gear, reduce the installation distance, increase the gear width, and improve the bending fatigue and contact fatigue life of the gear.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A small speed ratio transmission synchronizer, comprising: a first gear assembly, a second gear assembly, a first synchronizer sliding sleeve, a first synchronizer locking ring, a second synchronizer locking ring, a steel ball spring encapsulated locking mechanism, a first synchronizer gear hub and a first main shaft;

[0007] The first synchronizer sliding sleeve comprises an inner spline, the first synchronizer gear hub comprises an outer spline and a groove, and the inner spline of the first synchronizer sliding sleeve and the outer spline of the first synchronizer gear hub are engaged with each other; the steel ball spring encapsulated locking mechanism is located in the groove of the first synchronizer gear hub; and the steel ball spring encapsulated locking mechanism is gap-fitted with the first synchronizer gear hub;

[0008] The first synchronizer locking ring and the second synchronizer locking ring are located on both sides of the steel ball spring encapsulated locking mechanism;

[0009] The contact surface of the second gear assembly and the first synchronizer locking ring forms a second friction pair; the second friction pair is used to synchronize the rotation speed of the second gear assembly and the first synchronizer sleeve;

[0010] The contact surface of the first gear assembly and the second synchronizer locking ring forms a first friction pair; the first friction pair is used to synchronize the rotation speed of the first gear assembly and the first synchronizer sleeve;

[0011] The first gear assembly is engaged with the first synchronizer sleeve; and the second gear assembly is engaged with the first synchronizer sleeve;

[0012] The first synchronizer hub is gap-fitted with the first synchronizer locking ring and the second synchronizer locking ring, respectively;

[0013] The first synchronizer sleeve, the first synchronizer hub, the first gear assembly and the second gear assembly are all sleeved on the first main shaft.

[0014] Further improvements of the present application are as follows:

[0015] The first stop ring is located at the groove of the first main shaft and is used to fix the first synchronizer hub; the first stop ring is two in number and is distributed on both sides of the first synchronizer hub.

[0016] The steel ball spring packaging type locking mechanism comprises a spring and a steel ball, the spring and the steel ball are packaged in the groove of the first synchronizer hub, the steel ball is located above the spring, and the steel ball abuts against the positioning groove of the first synchronizer sleeve.

[0017] The first synchronizer hub comprises internal splines, the surface of the first main shaft is provided with external splines, and the internal splines of the first synchronizer hub are engaged with the external splines of the first main shaft.

[0018] The first gear positioning spacer is sleeved on the first main shaft and is used to fix the second gear; the first gear positioning spacer is two in number and is respectively located on both sides of the second gear.

[0019] The first gear assembly comprises a first synchronizer combination gear ring and a first gear; the second gear assembly comprises a second synchronizer combination gear ring and a second gear; the contact surface of the first gear assembly and the second synchronizer locking ring forms a first friction pair, specifically, the second synchronizer locking ring is bent to form a tapered portion which is in contact with the tapered portion of the first gear to form the first friction pair; and the first friction pair is used to synchronize the rotation speed of the first gear and the first synchronizer sleeve;

[0020] The contact surface of the second gear assembly and the first synchronizer locking ring forms a second friction pair; specifically, the first synchronizer locking ring is bent to form a tapered portion, and the tapered portion of the second gear is in contact with the tapered portion of the second gear to form the second friction pair, and the second friction pair is used to synchronize the rotation speed of the second gear and the first synchronizer sleeve.

[0021] The first synchronizer coupling ring and the second synchronizer coupling ring both include spline teeth, which are used to engage with the internal spline of the first synchronizer sleeve.

[0022] The first gear assembly includes a first synchronizer coupling ring and a first gear, and the second gear assembly includes a second synchronizer coupling ring and a second gear; the contact surface of the first gear assembly and the first synchronizer locking ring forms a first friction pair;

[0023] The contact surface of the second gear assembly and the first synchronizer locking ring forms a second friction pair; specifically, the contact part of the first synchronizer locking ring and the second synchronizer coupling ring forms the second friction pair;

[0024] The first synchronizer coupling ring and the second synchronizer coupling ring both include spline teeth, which are used to engage with the internal spline of the first synchronizer sleeve.

[0025] The first gear assembly includes a first synchronizer coupling ring and a first gear, and the first synchronizer coupling ring is welded on the tapered portion of the first gear; the second gear assembly includes a second synchronizer coupling ring and a second gear, and the second synchronizer coupling ring is welded on the tapered portion of the second gear.

[0026] The second synchronizer locking ring includes a first protrusion; the first protrusion is embedded in the gap of the first synchronizer hub to form a clearance fit, and the first synchronizer hub and the second synchronizer locking ring rotate synchronously;

[0027] The first synchronizer locking ring includes a second protrusion; the second protrusion is embedded in the other gap of the first synchronizer hub to form a clearance fit, and the first synchronizer hub and the first synchronizer locking ring rotate synchronously.

[0028] The first synchronizer locking ring and the second synchronizer locking ring are respectively provided with lubricating oil paths;

[0029] The second synchronizer locking ring is provided with a first protrusion and a second protrusion on both sides, and a first ring groove is arranged in the middle part, the depth of the first ring groove relative to the first protrusion and the second protrusion is C, and the first ring groove is used for collecting lubricating oil, a first notch-shaped oil groove is arranged on one side of the first cone on the second synchronizer locking ring, the depth D of the first notch-shaped oil groove is greater than the axial width E of the first protrusion, so that the lubricating oil flows through the first notch-shaped oil groove from the ring groove, when the second synchronizer locking ring rotates, the lubricating oil flows along the first outer cone surface, and then flows out along the cavity between the second synchronizer and the combined tooth ring of the first synchronizer, forming a lubricating oil path.

[0030] The first synchronizer locking ring is provided with a third protrusion and a fourth protrusion on both sides, and a second ring groove is arranged in the middle part, the depth of the second ring groove relative to the third protrusion and the fourth protrusion is J, and the second ring groove is used for collecting lubricating oil, a second notch-shaped oil groove is arranged on one side of the first cone on the first synchronizer locking ring, the depth K of the second notch-shaped oil groove is greater than the axial width L of the third protrusion, so that the lubricating oil flows through the second notch-shaped oil groove from the second ring groove, when the first synchronizer locking ring rotates, the lubricating oil flows along the second outer cone surface, and then flows out along the cavity between the first synchronizer locking ring and the second synchronizer combined tooth ring, forming a lubricating oil path.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] The present application increases the installation space of the synchronizer, reduces the installation distance of the synchronizer, increases the tooth width of the gear or reduces the total length of the transmission by embedding the synchronizer friction pair into the radial area between the gear rim and the synchronizer tooth hub, improves the gear shifting performance of the synchronizer by the friction pair formed by cooperation with the gear, the friction radius is larger than before, the synchronization capacity is larger, the original spline connection is cancelled, the structure is light in weight, the cost is low, and the space is saved, the rotational inertia and the drag torque are reduced, and the overall efficiency is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments, and it should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0034] Figure 1 It is a small speed ratio transmission synchronizer device overall section view of the embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a small speed ratio transmission side view of the embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 3 A perspective view of a small-ratio transmission synchronizer device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 4 A partial sectional view of a small-ratio transmission synchronizer device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 5 A schematic view of a high-gear traditional synchronizer for a main box according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 6 A schematic view of a high-gear embedded synchronizer for a transmission for a variable cross-section shaft according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 7 A schematic view of a first high-gear asymmetric embedded synchronizer for a main box according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 8 A structural view of a gear; (a) is a structural view of a first gear; (b) is a structural view of a second gear;

[0042] Figure 9 A structural view of a synchronizer combined gear ring; (a) is a structural view of a first synchronizer combined gear ring; (b) is a structural view of a second synchronizer combined gear ring;

[0043] Figure 10 A schematic view of a gear combined with a synchronizer combined gear ring; (a) is a schematic view of a first gear combined with a first synchronizer combined gear ring; (b) is a schematic view of a second gear combined with a second synchronizer combined gear ring;

[0044] Figure 11 A structural view of a second synchronizer locking ring;

[0045] Figure 12 A structural view of a first synchronizer locking ring; (a) is a structural view of a first synchronizer locking ring; (b) is another structural view of a first synchronizer locking ring;

[0046] Figure 13 Another structural view of a second synchronizer locking ring;

[0047] Figure 14 A schematic view of a second high-gear asymmetric embedded synchronizer for a main box according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 15 A schematic view of a third high-gear asymmetric embedded synchronizer for a main box according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 16The figure is a schematic view of the groove opening form of the embodiment of the present application; wherein (a) is electron beam or laser beam welding; (b) is gear ring gear opening groove welding; (c) is gear ring opening groove welding; (d) is gear opening groove welding;

[0050] Figure 17 The figure is a schematic view of the fourth main box high gear asymmetric embedded synchronizer of the embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 18 The figure is a schematic view of the fifth main box high gear asymmetric embedded synchronizer of the embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Figure 19 The figure is a schematic view of the sixth main box high gear asymmetric embedded synchronizer of the embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Figure 20 The figure is a schematic view of the seventh main box high gear asymmetric embedded synchronizer of the embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Figure 21 The figure is a schematic view of the eighth main box high gear asymmetric embedded synchronizer of the embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Figure 22 The figure is a schematic view of the ninth main box high gear asymmetric embedded synchronizer of the embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Figure 23 The figure is a schematic view of the tenth main box high gear asymmetric embedded synchronizer of the embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Figure 24 The figure is a schematic view of the eleventh main box high gear asymmetric embedded synchronizer of the embodiment of the present application;

[0058] Figure 25 The figure is a schematic view of the twelfth main box high gear asymmetric embedded synchronizer of the embodiment of the present application;

[0059] Figure 26 The figure is a schematic view of the thirteenth main box high gear asymmetric embedded synchronizer of the embodiment of the present application.

[0060] Wherein, 21-first synchronizer sliding sleeve; 22-first synchronizer locking ring; 22a-second cone; 22b-second ring groove; 22c-second outer taper surface; 22d-third protrusion; 22e-fourth protrusion; 22f-second notched oil groove; 22h-second protruding claw; 23-second synchronizer locking ring; 23a-first cone; 23b-first ring groove; 23c-first outer taper surface; 23d-first protrusion; 23e-second protrusion; 23f-first notched oil groove; 23h-first protruding claw; 24-steel ball spring encapsulated locking mechanism; 25-first friction pair; 26-first synchronizer coupling gear ring; 26a-third boss; 26b-first cavity; 26c-first taper surface; 26d-first inner circular surface; 27-second synchronizer coupling gear ring; 27a-fourth boss; 27b-second cavity; 27c-second taper surface; 27d-second inner circular surface; 28-first synchronizer gear hub; 29-first main shaft; 30-first stop ring; 31-first gear; 31a-first space; 31b-first boss; 31c-first outer circular surface; 32-second gear; 32a-second space; 32b-second boss; 32c-second outer circular surface; 33-first gear positioning spacer; 34-second friction pair; 41-second synchronizer sliding sleeve; 42-first synchronizer friction ring; 43-second synchronizer friction ring; 44-synchronizer pin; 45-synchronizer compression spring; 46-third synchronizer coupling gear ring; 47-fourth synchronizer coupling gear ring; 48-second synchronizer gear hub; 49-second main shaft; 50-second stop ring; 51-third gear; 52-fourth gear; 53-second gear positioning spacer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] So that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application are more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0062] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application, without making creative efforts, fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0063] It should be noted that: similar reference numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings.

[0064] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner" and the like indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or position relationship when the product of the present application is usually placed, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only used for differentiation in description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0065] In addition, if the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is relatively more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined.

[0066] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, if the terms "arrangement", "installation", "connection", "connection" appear, they should be understood in a broad sense, for example, they can be fixedly connected, or can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically connected, or can be electrically connected; can be directly connected, or can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0067] The present application will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0068] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the present application discloses a small-speed-ratio transmission synchronizer; comprising: a first gear assembly, a second gear assembly, a first synchronizer sliding sleeve 21, a first synchronizer locking ring 22, a second synchronizer locking ring 23, a steel ball spring encapsulated locking mechanism 24, a first synchronizer gear hub 28 and a first main shaft 29;

[0069] The first synchronizer sliding sleeve 21 comprises internal splines, the first synchronizer gear hub 28 comprises external splines and a groove, and the internal splines of the first synchronizer sliding sleeve 21 and the external splines of the first synchronizer gear hub 28 are in meshing relationship with each other; the steel ball spring encapsulated locking mechanism 24 is located in the groove of the first synchronizer gear hub 28; and the steel ball spring encapsulated locking mechanism 24 is in clearance fit with the first synchronizer gear hub 28;

[0070] The first synchronizer locking ring 22 and the second synchronizer locking ring 23 are located on both sides of the steel ball spring encapsulated locking mechanism 24;

[0071] The contact surface of the second gear assembly and the first synchronizer locking ring 22 forms a second friction pair 34; the second friction pair 34 is used to synchronize the rotating speed of the second gear assembly and the first synchronizer sleeve 21;

[0072] The contact surface of the first gear assembly and the second synchronizer locking ring 23 forms a first friction pair 25; the first friction pair 25 is used to synchronize the rotating speed of the first gear assembly and the first synchronizer sleeve 21;

[0073] The first gear assembly is engaged with the first synchronizer sleeve 21; the second gear assembly is engaged with the first synchronizer sleeve 21;

[0074] The first synchronizer hub 28 is gap-fitted with the first synchronizer locking ring 22 and the second synchronizer locking ring 23 respectively;

[0075] The first synchronizer sleeve 21, the first synchronizer hub 28, the first gear assembly and the second gear assembly are all sleeved on the first main shaft 29.

[0076] A first stop ring 30 is also included, which is located at the groove of the first main shaft 29 and is used to fix the first synchronizer hub 28; the first stop ring 30 is two in number and is distributed on both sides of the first synchronizer hub 28.

[0077] The steel ball spring encapsulated locking mechanism 24 includes a spring and a steel ball, which are encapsulated in the groove of the first synchronizer hub 28, the steel ball is located above the spring, and the steel ball is abutted in the positioning groove of the first synchronizer sleeve 21.

[0078] The first synchronizer hub 28 includes internal splines, and the surface of the first main shaft 29 is provided with external splines; the internal splines of the first synchronizer hub 28 and the external splines of the first main shaft 29 are engaged with each other.

[0079] A first gear positioning spacer 33 is also included, which is sleeved on the first main shaft 29 and is used to fix the second gear 32; the first gear positioning spacer 33 is two in number and is respectively located on both sides of the second gear 32.

[0080] The first gear assembly includes a first synchronizer combination ring gear 26 and a first gear 31; the second gear assembly includes a second synchronizer combination ring gear 27 and a second gear 32; the contact surface of the first gear assembly and the second synchronizer locking ring 23 forms a first friction pair 25, specifically, the second synchronizer locking ring 23 is bent to form a tapered portion which is in contact with the tapered portion of the first gear 31 to form the first friction pair 25; the first friction pair 25 is used to synchronize the rotating speed of the first gear 31 and the first synchronizer sleeve 21;

[0081] The contact surface between the second gear assembly and the first synchronizer locking ring 22 forms a second friction pair 34; specifically, the first synchronizer locking ring 22 is bent to form a tapered portion, which contacts the tapered portion of the second gear 32 to form a second friction pair 34. The second friction pair 34 is used to synchronize the rotational speed of the second gear 32 and the first synchronizer sleeve 21.

[0082] Both the first synchronizer engagement gear ring 26 and the second synchronizer engagement gear ring 27 contain splined teeth for meshing with the internal spline of the first synchronizer sleeve 21.

[0083] The first gear assembly includes: a first synchronizer gear ring 26 and a first gear 31; the first synchronizer gear ring 26 is welded to the conical portion of the first gear 31; the second gear assembly includes: a second synchronizer gear ring 27 and a second gear 32; the second synchronizer gear ring 27 is welded to the conical portion of the second gear 32.

[0084] The second synchronizer locking ring 23 includes a first protrusion 23h; the first protrusion 23h is embedded in the notch of the first synchronizer hub 28 to form a clearance fit, and the first synchronizer hub 28 and the second synchronizer locking ring 23 rotate synchronously.

[0085] The first synchronizer locking ring 22 includes a second protrusion 22h; the second protrusion 22h is embedded in another notch of the first synchronizer hub 28 to form a clearance fit, and the first synchronizer hub 28 and the first synchronizer locking ring 22 rotate synchronously.

[0086] During assembly, install from right to left along the first main shaft 29; first install the first gear positioning spacer 33 on the right side of the second gear 32, then install the second gear 32, the first gear positioning spacer 33 on the right side of the second gear 32, the first synchronizer locking ring 22, the first stop ring 30 located on one side of the first synchronizer hub 28, the first synchronizer hub 28, the first stop ring 30 located on the other side of the first synchronizer hub 28, the steel ball spring encapsulated locking mechanism 24, the first synchronizer sliding sleeve 21, the second synchronizer locking ring 23, and the first gear 31 in sequence, thus completing the assembly process. The disassembly sequence is reversed.

[0087] See Figure 5 The high-level conventional synchronizer of the main gearbox includes a second synchronizer sleeve 41, a first synchronizer friction ring 42, a second synchronizer friction ring 43, a synchronizer pin 44, a synchronizer compression spring 45, a third synchronizer engagement gear ring 46, a fourth synchronizer engagement gear ring 47, a second synchronizer gear hub 48, a second main shaft 49, a second stop ring 50, a third gear 51, a fourth gear 52, and a second gear positioning spacer 53.

[0088] The inner spline of the second synchronizer sleeve 41 meshes with the outer spline of the second synchronizer hub 48. The first synchronizer friction ring 42 and the second synchronizer friction ring 43 are located at both ends of the synchronizer pin 44. The synchronizer pin 44 is located in the inner hole of the second synchronizer hub 48 and is inserted into the synchronizer compression spring 45. The third synchronizer engagement gear ring 46 meshes with the second synchronizer friction ring 43. The fourth synchronizer engagement gear ring 47 meshes with the first synchronizer friction ring 42. The second synchronizer hub 48 is connected to the second main shaft 49 through a spline. The two sides of the second synchronizer hub 48 are axially fixed to the second main shaft 49 through the second stop ring 50. The fourth gear 52 is positioned on the second main shaft 49 through the second gear positioning spacer 53. A key passes through the middle to prevent rotation and ensure that the spline spacer rotates at the same speed as the second main shaft 49. The axial direction of the end face of the third synchronizer engagement gear ring 46 is restricted by the end face of the third gear 51; the axial direction of the end face of the fourth synchronizer engagement gear ring 47 is restricted by the end face of the fourth gear 52; the axial distance restricted by the end faces of the third gear 51 and the fourth gear 52 is called the installation distance A of the synchronizer.

[0089] Traditional synchronizers occupy axial width because the conical surface of the synchronizer friction ring and the conical surface of the gear ring form a friction pair. When the total length of the transmission is fixed and cannot be increased, it is difficult to improve the service life by increasing the gear width by reducing the installation distance A of the synchronizer.

[0090] Due to the two significant characteristics of embedded synchronizers, radial and axial space are reserved for the layout of synchronizers. The installation distance A of the original traditional synchronizer can be further reduced to B, and the axial space can be compressed by 20% to 50% or more. The saved axial space is increased in the gear width, which can increase the gear life exponentially. This is an innovative breakthrough in improving gear life.

[0091] In the following diagram, A and B have the same meaning. B represents the installation distance of the embedded synchronizer. Both B and A have the same effect of compressing axial space, which will not be elaborated further.

[0092] See Figure 6 This invention discloses an embedded synchronizer for the high gear position of a transmission with a variable cross-section shaft. Under the premise that the torque transmitted in the high gear position of the transmission is not large and the first main shaft 29 has sufficient strength, the outer diameter of the first main shaft 29 in the high gear position can be appropriately reduced to become a stepped shaft, thereby leaving space for the installation of the embedded synchronizer. Figure 6In the high gear, the embedded synchronizer is arranged at the position of the first main shaft 29 with a small shaft diameter, while the medium gear and the low gear are arranged at the position of the first main shaft 29 without a small shaft diameter. In addition, a hexagonal key is used to pass through the first gear positioning spacer 33 to prevent rotation, and the hexagonal key is axially positioned by a positioning pin. Thus, the thickness of the outer edge of the spline of the first synchronizer hub 28 can be increased to ensure the strength of the spline of the first synchronizer hub 28, and the interference between the outer edge of the spline of the first synchronizer hub 28 and the conical surface of the second synchronizer locking ring 23 can be avoided.

[0093] Referring to Figure 7 The application discloses an embedded synchronizer with asymmetric high gears of a transmission. The first gear assembly comprises a first synchronizer combined ring gear 26 and a first gear 31. The first gear 31 is inwardly recessed on one side of the rim to form a first space 31a, and then outwardly extended to form a first boss 31b. The first synchronizer combined ring gear 26 is downwardly extended to form a first conical surface 26c, and then inwardly extended to form a second boss 26a. An inner circular surface 26d is formed on the inner side of the second boss 26a. The first space 31a and the second boss 26a are gap matched, and the first boss 31b and the first inner circular surface 26d are welded to form an integral whole, thereby ensuring the strength of the first synchronizer combined ring gear 26 and transmitting torque. The second gear assembly comprises a second synchronizer combined ring gear 27 and a second gear 32. The second gear 32 is inwardly recessed on one side of the rim to form a second space 32a, and then outwardly extended to form a second boss 32b. The second synchronizer combined ring gear 27 is downwardly extended to form a second conical surface 27c, and then inwardly extended to form a fourth boss 27a. A second inner circular surface 27d is formed on the inner side of the fourth boss 27a. The second space 32a and the fourth boss 27a are gap matched, and the second boss 32b and the second inner circular surface 27d are welded to form an integral whole, thereby ensuring the strength of the second synchronizer combined ring gear 27 and transmitting torque.

[0094] The first gear assembly comprises a first synchronizer combined ring gear 26 and a first gear 31. The second gear assembly comprises a second synchronizer combined ring gear 27 and a second gear 32. The contact surface of the first gear assembly and the second synchronizer locking ring 23 forms a first friction pair 25. Specifically, the contact part of the second synchronizer locking ring 23 and the first synchronizer combined ring gear 26 forms the first friction pair 25. The inwardly bent part of the second synchronizer locking ring 23 forms a first cone 23a which is gap matched with the first cavity 26b of the first synchronizer combined ring gear 26, thereby ensuring the radial rotation of the second synchronizer locking ring 23 in the first cavity 26b. The inwardly bent part of the second synchronizer locking ring 23 forms a first outer conical surface 23c which cooperates with the first conical surface 26c to form the first friction pair 25. During the synchronization process of the synchronizer, the first friction pair 25 generates friction, thereby realizing the synchronization process.

[0095] The contact surface of the second gear assembly and the first synchronizer lock ring 22 forms a second friction pair 34; specifically, the contact surface of the first synchronizer lock ring 22 and the second synchronizer combined gear ring 27 forms the second friction pair 34; the inwardly bent portion of the first synchronizer lock ring 22 forms a second taper 22a which is in clearance fit with a second cavity 27b of the second synchronizer combined gear ring 27, thereby ensuring that the first synchronizer lock ring 22 rotates radially in the second cavity 27b; the inwardly bent portion of the first synchronizer lock ring 22 forms a second outer taper surface 22c which cooperates with a second taper surface 27c of the second synchronizer combined gear ring 27 to form the second friction pair 34; as shown in Figs. Figure 8 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10 During the synchronization process, the first synchronizer lock ring 22 and the second synchronizer lock ring 23 rub against each other, thereby achieving synchronization.

[0096] The first synchronizer lock ring 22 and the second synchronizer lock ring 23 are provided with lubricating oil channels; the second synchronizer lock ring 23 is provided with a first protrusion 23d and a second protrusion 23e on both sides thereof, and a first annular groove 23b in the middle thereof; the depth C of the first annular groove 23b relative to the first protrusion 23d and the second protrusion 23e is a positive value and is large enough to collect sufficient lubricating oil when the parts rotate; the first annular groove 23b can be referred to as an oil collecting groove; in order to facilitate the flow of lubricating oil, a first notched oil groove 23f is provided on one side of a first taper 23a of the second synchronizer lock ring 23; the first notched oil groove 23f can have various shapes such as trapezoidal, rectangular, grooved, arc-shaped, etc.; the depth D of the first notched oil groove 23f is greater than the axial width E of the first protrusion 23d, so that lubricating oil flows from the first annular groove 23b through the first notched oil groove 23f; when the second synchronizer lock ring 23 rotates, lubricating oil flows along the first outer taper surface 23c and flows out of the cavity between the second synchronizer lock ring 23 and the first synchronizer combined gear ring 26, thereby forming a lubricating oil channel; the first outer taper surface 23c is generally provided with wear-resistant friction material, thereby continuing to flow under the action of tangential force and lubricating the entire first outer taper surface 23c and removing the friction heat generated during synchronization.

[0097] The first synchronizer lock ring 22 is provided with a third protrusion 22d and a fourth protrusion 22e on both sides, and a second ring groove 22b in the middle. The depth J of the second ring groove 22b relative to the third protrusion 22d and the fourth protrusion 22e should be a positive value and large enough to collect enough lubricating oil when the part rotates. The second ring groove 22b can be called an oil collecting groove. In order to facilitate the flow of lubricating oil, a second notched oil groove 22f is provided on one side of the first cone 22a of the first synchronizer lock ring 22. The shape of the second notched oil groove 22f can be trapezoidal, rectangular, groovy, arc-shaped, etc. The depth K of the second notched oil groove 22f is greater than the axial width L of the third protrusion 22d, so that the lubricating oil flows from the second ring groove 22b through the second notched oil groove 22f. When the first synchronizer lock ring 22 rotates, the lubricating oil flows along the second outer cone surface 22c and flows out along the cavity between the first synchronizer lock ring 22 and the second synchronizer combination tooth ring 27, forming a lubricating oil path. The first outer cone surface 22c is generally provided with wear-resistant friction material, so as to continue to flow under the action of tangential force and lubricate the entire second outer cone surface 22c, and take away the friction heat generated in the synchronization process. The specific structure is as shown in Figure 11 and Figure 12 (a) shown.

[0098] Referring to Figure 12 (b) and Figure 13 , the second synchronizer lock ring 23 includes a first protruding jaw 23h; the first protruding jaw 23h is embedded in the gap of the first synchronizer hub 28 to form a gap fit, and the first protruding jaw 23h can rotate by a certain angle relative to the gap of the first synchronizer hub 28. When the first synchronizer hub 28 rotates, the first synchronizer hub 28 and the second synchronizer lock ring 23 can rotate synchronously; the first synchronizer lock ring 22 includes a second protruding jaw 22h; the second protruding jaw 22h is embedded in the other gap of the first synchronizer hub 28 to form a gap fit, and the second protruding jaw 22h can rotate by a certain angle relative to the other gap of the first synchronizer hub 28. When the first synchronizer hub 28 rotates, the first synchronizer hub 28 and the first synchronizer lock ring 22 rotate synchronously.

[0099] The first protruding jaw 23h of the second synchronizer lock ring 23 and the second protruding jaw 22h of the first synchronizer lock ring 22 close to the end face of the hub can prevent the steel ball spring encapsulated locking mechanism 24 from falling out of the hub. The steel ball spring encapsulated locking mechanism 24 is in gap fit with the first synchronizer hub 28 and is installed in the "H" shaped groove of the rib part of the first synchronizer hub 28. The steel ball spring encapsulated locking mechanism 24 can move axially along the "H" shaped groove of the first synchronizer hub 28. The head of the steel ball spring encapsulated locking mechanism 24 is provided with a steel ball which is in contact fit with the arc-shaped groove of the first synchronizer sleeve 21 and can roll and slide in the arc-shaped groove.

[0100] See Figure 14 This invention discloses a method in Figure 7 A new positioning method based on modifying the structure of the first gear positioning spacer 33 of the second gear 32. Figure 7 The positioning method is based on gear spline spacers. However, when the second gear 32 is a spur or helical gear and the axial force is not large, and the snap ring can be easily disassembled and assembled, a retaining ring can be used for positioning. When installing the retaining ring, snap ring pliers or similar tooling can be used to press it into place.

[0101] See Figure 15 This invention discloses an embedded synchronizer for a high-end position of a main gearbox. The first outer circular surface 31c of the first boss 31b of the first gear 31 is welded to the first inner circular surface 26d of the protrusion of the first synchronizer engagement gear ring 26. The second outer circular surface 32c of the second boss 32b of the second gear 32 is welded to the second inner circular surface 27d of the protrusion of the second synchronizer engagement gear ring 27. The connection between the gear ring and the gear is welding. High-energy beam welding or beveling can be used during welding; see [link to related documentation]. Figure 16 , Figure 16 In section a, high-energy beam welding can be laser beam or electron beam welding; it can also be a bevel welding method, and the bevel can be made in various ways. Figure 16 b. Both the gear ring and the gear are beveled. Figure 16 c is a separate bevel for the gear ring. Figure 16 Figure d shows the bevel cut of the gear.

[0102] See Figure 17 This invention discloses an asymmetrical embedded synchronizer for a high-end main gearbox. The second synchronizer, connected to a gear ring 27, has an outwardly protruding upward portion forming an outer conical surface and a downwardly protruding portion forming a cylindrical inner hole. The first synchronizer locking ring 22 is bent to the upper right to form an inner conical surface. This inner conical surface mates with the outer conical surface of the second synchronizer connected to the gear ring 27 to form a friction pair. The friction material can be disposed on either conical surface or on both conical surfaces simultaneously, such as on the outer conical surface of the second synchronizer connected to the gear ring 27, or on the inner conical surface of the first synchronizer locking ring 22, or both simultaneously. An open cavity is formed between the upper and lower parts of the second synchronizer connected to the gear ring 27, into which the conical portion of the first synchronizer locking ring 22 is embedded, thereby saving space. The cylindrical inner hole at the lower part of the second synchronizer connected to the gear end face boss is connected by welding. Figure 15 The method will not be elaborated further.

[0103] See Figure 18 This invention discloses a high-level asymmetric embedded synchronizer for the main chassis, the structure of which is... Figure 15The connection mode of the two side ring gears and gears is changed based on the structure, the second synchronizer combination ring gear 27 and the second gear 32 adopt the spline connection mode, the inner hole of the second synchronizer combination ring gear 27 is formed with an inner spline, and the second gear 32 is formed with an outer spline along the end face; the first synchronizer combination ring gear 26 and the first gear 31 also adopt the spline connection mode, the first synchronizer combination ring gear 26 is an inner spline, and the first gear 31 is an outer spline. When the spline connection is adopted, the connection length can be shorter than the welding connection length under the condition of meeting the strength requirement, and the similar structure change in the drawing is within the protection scope of the application.

[0104] Referring to Figure 19 The application discloses a high-gear asymmetric embedded synchronizer of a main box, which is a structure changed based on Figure 15 The connection mode of the two side ring gears and gears is changed based on the structure, the second synchronizer combination ring gear 27 and the second gear 32 adopt the spline connection mode; the inner hole of the second gear 32 is formed with an inner spline, and the second synchronizer combination ring gear 27 is formed with an outer spline along the rib end face; the first synchronizer combination ring gear 26 and the first gear 31 also adopt the spline connection mode, the first gear 31 is an inner spline, and the first synchronizer combination ring gear 26 is an outer spline. When the spline connection is adopted, the connection length can be shorter than the welding connection length under the condition of meeting the strength requirement, and the similar structure change in the drawing is within the protection scope of the application. In addition Figure 18 and Figure 19 The connection mode of the ring gear and the gear can be combined, that is, the second synchronizer combination ring gear 27 is an inner spline, the second gear 32 is an outer spline, the first synchronizer combination ring gear 26 is an outer spline, and the first gear 31 is an inner spline; or the second synchronizer combination ring gear 27 is an outer spline, the second gear 32 is an inner spline, the first synchronizer combination ring gear 26 is an inner spline, and the first gear 31 is an outer spline.

[0105] Referring to Figure 20 The application discloses a high-gear asymmetric embedded synchronizer of a main box, which is a structure changed based on Figure 15As shown, an outer friction ring and an inner friction ring are added to one side of the double-cone surface. The outer conical surface of the outer friction ring and the inner conical surface of the second synchronizer engagement gear ring 27 form a friction cone surface, and the inner conical surface of the outer friction ring and the outer conical surface of the inner friction ring form a friction cone surface. During the synchronization process, the two cone surfaces work simultaneously, thus achieving a shorter synchronization time compared to a single-cone synchronizer. The first synchronizer locking ring 22 has a through-groove or through-hole structure along its circumference, with three or more such structures. The axial protrusion of the outer friction ring can be a rectangular platform or an elliptical platform, etc., which engages with the through-groove or through-hole of the first synchronizer locking ring 22 for synchronous rotation. The second synchronizer engagement gear ring 27 has a through-groove or through-hole structure along its circumference, with three or more such structures. The axial protrusion of the inner friction ring can be a rectangular platform or an elliptical platform, etc., which engages with the through-groove or through-hole of the second synchronizer engagement gear ring 27 for synchronous rotation. The inner side of the inner friction ring can be conical or cylindrical. The second synchronizer connects to the cylindrical inner hole at the bottom of the gear ring 27 and the boss on the end face of the gear by welding. Specifically, as shown below... Figure 15 This method achieves synchronous rotation.

[0106] See Figure 21 This invention discloses an asymmetrical embedded synchronizer for a high-end main housing, the structure of which has a single conical surface on one side and a double conical surface on the other side; the second synchronizer, which mates with the double conical surface, has a welded structure consisting of a gear ring 27 and a second gear 32; it is in Figure 20 Based on this, the through slot or through hole of the second synchronizer engaging gear ring 27 is changed to a blind slot or blind hole structure opened in the middle of the second synchronizer engaging gear ring 27 and the second gear 32. The blind hole structure can extend to the rib of the second gear 32, and the number of blind holes can be three or more. The axial boss structure of the inner friction ring cooperates with the blind slot or blind hole structure to rotate synchronously.

[0107] See Figure 22 This invention discloses a high-level asymmetric embedded synchronizer for the main chassis, the structure of which is... Figure 21 Based on this, the protrusion on the rib end face of the second synchronizer combined with the gear ring 27 is removed and made flush with the end face. At the same time, the width of the relief groove of the first gear positioning spacer 33 of the second gear 32 is shortened, so as to ensure that the effective welding length remains unchanged. In addition, when drilling blind holes or blind grooves after the second synchronizer combined with the gear ring 27 and the second gear 32 are welded, the rigidity of the drill rod or milling cutter shank can be guaranteed, making drilling or milling easier and the machining of the rib end face easier.

[0108] See Figure 23 This invention discloses a high-level asymmetric embedded synchronizer for the main chassis, the structure of which is... Figure 20 Based on this, the structure has a single conical surface on one side and a double conical surface on the other side; the structure on the single conical side is the same as...Figure 15 As shown, the double-cone side is increased by an outer friction ring and an inner friction ring, the outer friction ring outer taper surface and the second gear 32 end face convex inner taper surface form a friction taper surface, the outer friction ring inner taper surface and the inner friction ring outer taper surface form a friction taper surface, during the synchronization process of the synchronizer, the two taper surfaces work at the same time, so that the synchronization time can be shorter compared with the single taper synchronizer. The first synchronizer locking ring 22 is provided with a through slot or a through hole structure along the circumference, the number of which can be three or more, and the axial protruding part of the outer friction ring can be a rectangular platform, or an oval platform, etc. The platform is synchronously rotated with the through slot or the through hole of the first synchronizer locking ring 22. The second gear 32 is provided with a blind slot or a blind hole structure along the circumference, which can also be a through slot or a through hole structure under the condition of allowing the structural strength, and the number of which can be three or more, and the axial protruding part of the inner friction ring can be a rectangular platform, or an oval platform, etc. The inner side of the inner friction ring can be conical or cylindrical. This structure cancels the friction taper surface of the second synchronizer combination gear ring 27, the cylindrical inner hole of the second synchronizer combination gear ring 27 and the outer circle of the second gear 32 end face convex platform are connected with each other, the connection mode is welding, and the specific mode is as follows Figure 15 , which realizes synchronous rotation. At the same time, a part of the right side convex platform of the second synchronizer combination gear ring 27 is embedded in the lower part of the rim of the second gear 32, which realizes the purpose of saving space. In order to reduce the moment of inertia and weight of the second synchronizer combination gear ring 27, a large bevel or a large arc structure is arranged on the left end surface.

[0109] Referring to Figure 24 , the application discloses a high-gear asymmetric embedded synchronizer of a main box, which is a single taper on one side and a double taper on the other side. Figure 23 Based on the structure, the right side convex platform of the second synchronizer combination gear ring 27 is removed under the condition that the welding strength meets the requirement, and the right side end surface is directly welded with the second gear 32, and the other structures are similar, the double taper is arranged below the welding structure, and the structure is compact.

[0110] Referring to Figure 25 , the application discloses a high-gear asymmetric embedded synchronizer of a main box, which is a single taper on one side and a double taper on the other side.

[0111] Referring to Figure 26 , the application discloses a high-gear asymmetric embedded synchronizer of a main box, which is a single taper on one side and a double taper on the other side. Figure 25On the basis of the above, the diameter of the inner hole of the second synchronizer combined gear ring 27 is increased, and the friction radius of the double-tapered inner and outer rings is also increased, thereby increasing the synchronization capacity of the double-tapered synchronizer and further shortening the synchronization time.

[0112] The friction material on the synchronizer friction pair of all the structures listed above can be arranged on either friction taper or both friction tapers; the increased friction material can be carbon composite friction material such as bonded carbon fiber and carbon particles, or molybdenum spraying, copper alloy, sintered copper, and resin-based friction material, and structures with similar friction materials are within the protection scope of the present application.

[0113] The welding of the first synchronizer combined gear ring 26, the second synchronizer combined gear ring 27, the second gear 32 and the first gear 31 of all the structures listed above can be performed before heat treatment or after heat treatment by preventing penetration, and similar structures produced by different processes are within the protection scope of the present application.

[0114] The embodiments are as follows:

[0115] The working principle of the embedded synchronizer of the present application is as follows: Figure 1 For example, when moving from the neutral position (neutral gear) to the right gear, the first synchronizer sliding sleeve 21 drives the steel ball spring encapsulated locking mechanism 24 to move axially under the action of the shift fork, and when moving to contact the first synchronizer locking ring 22, the taper of the first synchronizer locking ring 22 is pressed against the taper of the second gear 32 or the taper of the second synchronizer combined gear ring 27. Since the rotational speed difference is different, a friction torque is generated between the tapers. Under the action of the friction torque, the first synchronizer locking ring 22 rotates circumferentially relative to the first synchronizer sliding sleeve 21 by 1 / 4 key tooth pitch, the first synchronizer sliding sleeve 21 further moves, and passes through the steel ball spring encapsulated locking mechanism 24 to contact the key tooth inclined surface of the locking ring 22 to generate a locking force. At this time, the rotational speeds of the two are synchronized, and after synchronization, the taper friction torque disappears, the key tooth of the first synchronizer locking ring 22 reverses a certain angle under the circumferential component force of the first synchronizer sliding sleeve 21, the first synchronizer sliding sleeve 21 passes through the first synchronizer locking ring 22, and engages with the key tooth of the second synchronizer combined gear ring 27. The power is input through the second gear 32, transmitted through the second synchronizer combined gear ring 27, the first synchronizer sliding sleeve 21 and the first synchronizer hub 28, and output from the first main shaft 29, completing the gear engagement process.

[0116] The working principle of the double-tapered synchronizer of the embedded synchronizer of the present application is as follows: Figure 20For example, when moving from the neutral position to the right gear, the first synchronizer sleeve 21 drives the steel ball spring encapsulated locking mechanism 24 to move axially under the action of the shift fork, and when it comes into contact with the first synchronizer locking ring 22, the right end surface of the first synchronizer locking ring 22 is in contact with the left end surface of the inner friction ring. Under the pushing of the shift fork, the outer taper surface of the inner friction ring extrudes the inner taper surface of the outer friction ring, and the outer taper surface of the outer friction ring extrudes the taper surface of the second synchronizer coupling gear 27. The first synchronizer locking ring 22, the outer friction ring, the first synchronizer sleeve 21 and the step gear hub 28 have the same rotational speed, while the inner friction ring and the second synchronizer coupling gear 27, the second gear 32 have another rotational speed. Since the rotational speed difference between the two is different, a friction torque is generated between the two taper surfaces. Under the action of the friction torque, the first synchronizer locking ring 22 rotates circumferentially relative to the first synchronizer sleeve 21 by 1 / 4 key tooth pitch, and the first synchronizer sleeve 21 further moves and passes through the steel ball spring encapsulated locking mechanism 24, and comes into contact with the key tooth inclined surface of the first synchronizer locking ring 22 to generate a locking force. At this time, the rotational speeds of the two are synchronized. After synchronization, the taper friction torque disappears, the key tooth of the first synchronizer locking ring 22 reverses a certain angle under the circumferential component force of the first synchronizer sleeve 21, the first synchronizer sleeve 21 passes through the first synchronizer locking ring 22 and engages with the key tooth of the second synchronizer coupling gear 27, the power is input through the second gear 32, transmitted through the second synchronizer coupling gear 27, the first synchronizer sleeve 21 and the first synchronizer gear hub 28, and output from the first main shaft 29, completing the gear engagement process.

[0117] The steel ball spring encapsulated locking mechanism 24 structure adopted by the present application can ensure that the steel ball and the spring cannot come out of the locking mechanism after the synchronizer engages the gear, so that a smaller sleeve width can be used, thereby realizing a smaller installation distance and a smaller gear engagement stroke.

[0118] The small end surface of the synchronizer outer friction ring and the small end surface of the synchronizer inner friction ring are both provided with trapezoidal or rectangular lubricating oil grooves in the radial direction, which facilitates the lubrication of the synchronizer friction taper surfaces and removes the heat generated during friction. The lubricating oil first enters the large end surface of the inner friction ring under the action of centrifugal force, and finally enters the taper surfaces between the two friction pairs.

[0119] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A synchronization device for a small speed ratio transmission, characterized in that, include: The first gear assembly, the second gear assembly, the first synchronizer sleeve (21), the first synchronizer locking ring (22), the second synchronizer locking ring (23), the steel ball spring encapsulated locking mechanism (24), the first synchronizer hub (28), and the first spindle (29). The first synchronizer sleeve (21) includes an internal spline, and the first synchronizer hub (28) includes an external spline and a groove. The internal spline of the first synchronizer sleeve (21) and the external spline of the first synchronizer hub (28) mesh with each other. The ball spring encapsulated locking mechanism (24) is located in the groove of the first synchronizer hub (28). The ball spring encapsulated locking mechanism (24) and the first synchronizer hub (28) are in clearance fit. The first synchronizer locking ring (22) and the second synchronizer locking ring (23) are located on both sides of the steel ball spring encapsulated locking mechanism (24); The contact surface between the second gear assembly and the first synchronizer locking ring (22) forms a second friction pair (34); the second friction pair (34) is used to synchronize the rotational speed of the second gear assembly and the first synchronizer sleeve (21); The contact surfaces of the first gear assembly and the second synchronizer locking ring (23) form a first friction pair (25); the first friction pair (25) is used to synchronize the rotational speeds of the first gear assembly and the first synchronizer sleeve (21); The first gear assembly meshes with the first synchronizer sleeve (21); the second gear assembly meshes with the first synchronizer sleeve (21); The first synchronizer hub (28) is respectively fitted with the first synchronizer locking ring (22) and the second synchronizer locking ring (23) with clearance; The first synchronizer sleeve (21), the first synchronizer hub (28), the first gear assembly and the second gear assembly are all sleeved on the first main shaft (29); The first gear assembly includes a first synchronizer engagement gear ring (26) and a first gear (31); the second gear assembly includes a second synchronizer engagement gear ring (27) and a second gear (32); the contact surface between the first gear assembly and the second synchronizer locking ring (23) forms a first friction pair (25), specifically: the second synchronizer locking ring (23) is bent to form a conical part and contacts the conical part of the first gear (31) to form the first friction pair (25); the first friction pair (25) is used to synchronize the rotational speed of the first gear (31) and the first synchronizer sleeve (21); The contact surface between the second gear assembly and the first synchronizer locking ring (22) forms a second friction pair (34); specifically, the first synchronizer locking ring (22) is bent to form a tapered part, which contacts the tapered part of the second gear (32) to form a second friction pair (34). The second friction pair (34) is used to synchronize the rotational speed of the second gear (32) and the first synchronizer sleeve (21). Both the first synchronizer engagement gear ring (26) and the second synchronizer engagement gear ring (27) contain spline teeth for meshing with the internal spline of the first synchronizer sleeve (21), and the gear ring is embedded in the gear. It also includes: the first synchronizer locking ring (22) and the second synchronizer locking ring (23) are respectively provided with lubrication oil circuits; The second synchronizer locking ring (23) has a first protrusion (23d) and a second protrusion (23e) on both sides, and a first annular groove (23b) in the middle. The depth of the first annular groove (23b) relative to the first protrusion (23d) and the second protrusion (23e) is C, which is used to collect lubricating oil. A first notched oil groove (23f) is provided on one side of the first cone (23a) on the second synchronizer locking ring (23). The depth D of the first notched oil groove (23f) is greater than the axial width E of the first protrusion (23d), so that lubricating oil flows from the annular groove (23b) through the first notched oil groove (23f). When the second synchronizer locking ring (23) rotates, the lubricating oil flows along the first outer cone surface (23c) and flows out along the cavity between the second synchronizer locking ring (23) and the first synchronizer engagement gear ring (26), forming a lubricating oil path. The first synchronizer locking ring (22) has a third protrusion (22d) and a fourth protrusion (22e) on both sides, and a second annular groove (22b) in the middle. The depth of the second annular groove (22b) relative to the third protrusion (22d) and the fourth protrusion (22e) is J, which is used to collect lubricating oil. A second notched oil groove (22f) is provided on one side of the first cone (22a) on the first synchronizer locking ring (22). The depth K of the second notched oil groove (22f) is greater than the axial width L of the third protrusion (22d), so that the lubricating oil flows from the second annular groove (22b) through the second notched oil groove (22f). When the first synchronizer locking ring (22) rotates, the lubricating oil flows along the second outer cone surface (22c) and flows out along the cavity between the first synchronizer locking ring (22) and the second synchronizer engagement gear ring (27), forming a lubricating oil path.

2. The small-ratio transmission synchronization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a first stop ring (30), which is located in the groove of the first main shaft (29) and is used to fix the first synchronizer hub (28); there are two first stop rings (30), which are distributed on both sides of the first synchronizer hub (28).

3. The small-ratio transmission synchronization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steel ball spring-encapsulated locking mechanism (24) includes a spring and a steel ball, which are encapsulated in the groove of the first synchronizer hub (28). The steel ball is located above the spring and abuts against the positioning groove of the first synchronizer sleeve (21).

4. The small-ratio transmission synchronization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first synchronizer hub (28) includes an internal spline, and the surface of the first spindle (29) is provided with an external spline. The internal spline of the first synchronizer hub (28) meshes with the external spline of the first spindle (29).

5. The small-ratio transmission synchronization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a first gear positioning spacer (33), which is sleeved on the first main shaft (29) and used to fix the second gear (32); there are two first gear positioning spacers (33), which are located on both sides of the second gear (32).

6. The small-ratio transmission synchronization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first gear assembly includes: a first synchronizer engagement gear ring (26) and a first gear (31); the second gear assembly includes: a second synchronizer engagement gear ring (27) and a second gear (32); the contact surfaces of the first gear assembly and the second synchronizer locking ring (23) form a first friction pair (25); The contact surface between the second gear assembly and the first synchronizer locking ring (22) forms a second friction pair (34); specifically, the contact portion between the first synchronizer locking ring (22) and the second synchronizer engagement gear ring (27) forms a second friction pair (34). Both the first synchronizer engagement gear ring (26) and the second synchronizer engagement gear ring (27) contain spline teeth for meshing with the internal spline of the first synchronizer sleeve (21).

7. The small-ratio transmission synchronization device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first gear assembly includes: a first synchronizer gear ring (26) and a first gear (31); the first synchronizer gear ring (26) is welded to the conical portion of the first gear (31); the second gear assembly includes: a second synchronizer gear ring (27) and a second gear (32); the second synchronizer gear ring (27) is welded to the conical portion of the second gear (32).

8. The small-ratio transmission synchronization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second synchronizer locking ring (23) includes a first protrusion (23h); the first protrusion (23h) is embedded in the notch of the first synchronizer hub (28) to form a clearance fit, and the first synchronizer hub (28) and the second synchronizer locking ring (23) rotate synchronously; The first synchronizer locking ring (22) includes a second protrusion (22h); the second protrusion (22h) is embedded in another notch of the first synchronizer hub (28) to form a clearance fit, and the first synchronizer hub (28) and the first synchronizer locking ring (22) rotate synchronously.

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