Swing reduction gear, assembly method and engineering machine

Abstract

This invention discloses a rotary reducer, its assembly method, and engineering machinery, comprising a braking assembly, a driving assembly, a two-stage planetary reduction assembly, and a power output assembly arranged sequentially. One end of the output shaft of the driving assembly is connected to the braking assembly, and the other end is connected to the first-stage sun gear of the two-stage planetary reduction assembly. The gear shaft of the power output assembly is connected to the second-stage planetary carrier of the two-stage planetary reduction assembly via a spline pair. The oil chambers of the two-stage planetary reduction assembly and the power output assembly are completely isolated, allowing for the addition of lubricants of different media. The power output gear of this invention uses a two-end support, resulting in structural strength and rigidity far superior to traditional cantilever supports. The bearings of the power output assembly are grease-lubricated, meeting the requirements of low-speed, heavy-load conditions. The output rotary gears of the reducer and the rotary support form a grease groove, replacing an open lubrication pool and avoiding the problem of grease contamination, thus ensuring the lubrication state of the rotary meshing gear pair.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of engineering machinery reducers, specifically relating to a rotary reducer. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most of the rotary reducers used in heavy engineering machinery worldwide are external two-stage or three-stage planetary reducers driven by hydraulic motors. Moreover, the output gears of the reducers in the existing technology are mostly cantilevered, resulting in high bearing stress, short service life, and often requiring large open lubrication tanks. This leads to problems such as the grease being easily contaminated and the lubrication status of the rotating meshing gear pairs not being effectively guaranteed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a rotary reducer. The power output gear is supported at both ends, resulting in structural strength and rigidity far superior to traditional cantilever supports. The oil chambers of the power output section and the planetary reduction section are completely isolated, allowing for the addition of lubricants of different media to meet the demands of complex heavy-duty operating conditions. The output rotary gears of the reducer and the rotary support form a grease groove, replacing the open lubrication pool and avoiding the problem of contamination of stored grease. This achieves fresh grease lubrication at the meshing points, ensuring the lubrication condition of the rotary meshing gear pair.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] The first aspect of the present invention provides a rotary reducer, comprising a braking assembly, a driving assembly, a two-stage planetary reduction assembly, and a power output assembly arranged sequentially; one end of the output shaft of the driving assembly is connected to the braking assembly, and the other end is connected to the first-stage sun gear of the two-stage planetary reduction assembly; the gear shaft of the power output assembly is connected to the second-stage planet carrier of the two-stage planetary reduction assembly via a spline pair; wherein the oil chambers of the two-stage planetary reduction assembly and the power output assembly are completely isolated, allowing for the addition of lubricants of different media.

[0006] In some embodiments, the two-stage planetary reduction assembly includes a second-stage planetary reduction sub-component, a first-stage planetary reduction sub-component, and a top connecting cover. The second-stage planetary reduction sub-component consists of a second-stage sun gear, a second-stage planet carrier, second-stage planetary gears, and a second-stage planetary bearing, all housed within the second-stage internal gear ring. The first-stage planetary reduction sub-component consists of a first-stage sun gear, a first-stage planet carrier, first-stage planetary gears, and a first-stage planetary bearing, all housed within the first-stage internal gear ring. The top connecting cover is connected to the first-stage internal gear ring and positioned via a stop. The first-stage internal gear ring, the second-stage internal gear ring, and the connecting housing in the power output assembly are coaxial and sequentially positioned via stopes. The top connecting cover, the first-stage internal gear ring, the second-stage internal gear ring, and the connecting housing are fixed with bolts. The second-stage sun gear is connected to the first-stage planet carrier via a spline joint. The first-stage sun gear, the second-stage sun gear, and the gear shaft are coaxial.

[0007] In some embodiments, axial positioning is carried out between the first-stage sun gear and the second-stage sun gear by providing a partition II; axial positioning is carried out between the second-stage sun gear and the gear shaft by providing a partition I.

[0008] In some embodiments, the power output assembly includes a connection shell, a gear assembly, a through cover and a shield; the connection shell is an overall rotating body; the gear assembly is placed inside the connection shell and mainly consists of a gear shaft and a bearing seat; the through cover is connected and fixed to the connection shell, the bearing seat by bolts; the shield is installed on the through cover.

[0009] In some embodiments, a gear oil cavity is provided at the top of the connection shell, and an oil drain port is opened at the bottom of the gear oil cavity; an inner bearing seat mounting surface, a number of bearing seat mounting threaded holes, an annular sealing groove and a grease storage groove are provided on the inner side of the upper middle part of the connection shell; an annular mounting surface and a cylindrical mounting surface are provided on the outer side of the upper middle part and are connected by a sunken groove; a nasal cavity is provided on the inner side of the lower middle part of the connection shell, and a window is opened on one side; a grease filling hole and a grease filling hole are provided on the outer side of the lower middle part of the connection shell, wherein the grease filling port is connected to the grease storage groove, and the grease filling port is connected to the nasal cavity; a bearing mounting surface, a grease storage groove and a bearing lubrication grease filling hole are provided at the bottom of the connection shell, and the three are connected.

[0010] In some embodiments, a retaining ring groove and a seal mounting groove are provided on the inner side of the through cover; a flange, a spigot and a number of connection holes are provided on the outer side.

[0011] In some embodiments, a stepped hole is opened on the inner side of the bearing seat, which are successively a through cover spigot, a bearing mounting surface and a grease storage groove; a flange, a number of connection holes, a radial bearing surface and a number of grease inlet holes are provided on the outer side; the radial bearing surface is connected to the bearing seat mounting surface of the connection shell; the through cover spigot is connected to the spigot of the through cover.

[0012] In some embodiments, the gear shaft is in an overall stepped shape, successively being a spline, a bearing inner ring mounting surface, a sealing table, a gear, a sealing table and a bearing inner ring mounting surface; the spline is connected to the inner spline of the second-stage planet carrier; the gear is a power output component.

[0013] In some embodiments, the shield is in an overall "Ji" shape and is composed of two isolation annular surfaces, two sealing annular surfaces and two sealing cylindrical surfaces.

[0014] The second aspect of the present invention provides a construction machinery equipped with the above-mentioned rotary speed reducer.

[0015] The third aspect of the present invention provides an assembly method for a rotary speed reducer. During installation, first assemble the power output assembly, then carry out the two-stage planetary reduction assembly, and finally install the drive assembly and the brake assembly.

[0016] In some embodiments, the specific assembly method of the power output component is as follows:

[0017] Place the gear shaft vertically with the spline end facing upwards. Place the bearing and lip seal I into the bearing housing in sequence. Then, pass the assembly through the spline end of the gear shaft and install the inner ring of the bearing onto the hub.

[0018] Place the O-ring and lip seal II into the sealing groove of the connecting shell, then place the pre-assembled gear shaft assembly into the connecting shell, and install the non-spline end bearing and sealing plate.

[0019] Insert the bushing into the splined end of the gear shaft assembly, with the step facing the spline;

[0020] Before placing the through cover into the gear shaft assembly, first place the two lip seal rings III back to back into the sealing installation groove of the through cover, place the retaining ring into the retaining ring groove, and determine the number and total thickness of the adjusting shims according to the actual distance between the stop and the bearing housing, and place them on the flange surface of the bearing seat. Then use bolts to connect and fix the through cover assembly, bearing seat and connecting shell.

[0021] In some embodiments, the specific assembly method of the two-stage planetary deceleration assembly is as follows:

[0022] Install the secondary internal gear ring on the connecting housing and position it by the stop. Before inserting the secondary planetary carrier spline, install the protective cover on the through cover and bushing. Place the secondary sun gear, secondary planetary carrier, secondary planetary gear, and secondary planetary bearing into the secondary internal gear ring to assemble the secondary planetary reducer component.

[0023] Install the first-stage internal gear ring on the second-stage internal gear ring, and position it through the stop. Then, place the first-stage sun gear, the first-stage planet carrier, the first-stage planet gears, and the first-stage planet bearings into the first-stage internal gear ring to assemble the first-stage planetary reducer component.

[0024] Connect the top connecting cover to the first-stage internal gear ring and position it with the stop, and then fix the top connecting cover, the first-stage internal gear ring, the second-stage internal gear ring, and the connecting shell with bolts;

[0025] Install plug II and plug VI;

[0026] After filling the oil chamber of the two-stage planetary reducer assembly with gear oil, install plug I;

[0027] After adding grease through the grease filling hole, grease filling hole and grease filling hole, install plug III, plug IV and plug V.

[0028] Beneficial effects of this invention:

[0029] This invention proposes a rotary reducer with a power output gear supported at both ends, resulting in structural strength and rigidity far superior to traditional cantilever supports. The oil chambers of the power output section and the planetary reduction section are completely isolated, allowing for the addition of lubricants of different media to meet the needs of complex and heavy-duty operating conditions. The output rotary gears of the reducer and the rotary support form a grease groove, replacing the open lubrication pool and avoiding the problem of easy contamination of stored grease. This achieves fresh grease lubrication at the meshing points, ensuring the lubrication condition of the rotary meshing gear pair. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The accompanying drawings, as part of this invention, are provided to further illustrate the invention. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the invention are used to explain the invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. Clearly, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0031] In the attached diagram:

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] The diagram shows the following components: Ⅰ. Braking assembly; Ⅱ. Drive assembly; Ⅲ. Two-stage planetary reduction assembly; Ⅳ. Power output assembly; 1. First-stage sun gear; 2. Plug Ⅰ; 3. First-stage planetary carrier; 4. Top connecting cover; 5. First-stage internal gear ring; 6. Second-stage planetary bearing; 7. Second-stage sun gear; 8. Second-stage internal gear ring; 9. Second-stage planetary carrier; 10. Connecting housing; 11. Through cover; 12. Plug Ⅱ; 13. Bearing housing; 14. O-ring; 15. Lip seal Ⅰ; 16. Plug Ⅲ; 17. Plug Ⅳ; 18. Plug Ⅴ; 19. Plug Ⅵ; 20. Sealing plate; 21. Lip seal Ⅱ; 22. Gear shaft; 23. Bearing; 24. Bolt; 25. Lip seal Ⅲ; 26. Adjusting shim; 27. Retaining ring; 28. Bushing; 29. ​​Protective cover; 30. Second-stage planetary gear; 31. Partition Ⅰ; 32. Partition Ⅱ. 33. First-stage planetary gear; 34. First-stage planetary bearing.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a top perspective view of the two-stage planetary reduction assembly and power output assembly of the present invention.

[0035] The diagram shows: Ⅲ, two-stage planetary reduction assembly; Ⅳ, power output assembly; 1, first-stage sun gear; 4, top connecting cover; 5, first-stage internal gear ring; 8, second-stage internal gear ring; 10, connecting shell; 20, sealing plate; 22, gear shaft.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the connecting shell of the present invention;

[0037] The diagram shows the following markings: 10. Connecting shell; 101. Gear oil cavity; 102. Boss; 103. Oil drain port; 104. Annular mounting surface; 105. Slot; 106. Cylindrical mounting surface; 107. Grease filling port; 108. Grease filling port; 109. Nose cavity; 1010. Bearing lubrication grease filling hole; 1011. Bearing mounting surface; 1012. Bearing outer ring positioning surface; 1013. Grease reservoir; 1014. Window; 1015. Grease reservoir; 1016. Annular sealing groove; 1017. Bearing housing mounting threaded hole; 1018. Bearing housing mounting surface.

[0038] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the cover of the present invention;

[0039] The markings in the diagram are: 11. Through cover; 1101. Sealing ring surface; 1102. Retaining ring groove; 1103. Sealing cylindrical surface; 1104. Flange; 1105. Stop; 1106. Seal mounting groove; 1107. Connection hole.

[0040] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the bearing housing of the present invention;

[0041] The markings in the diagram are: 13, bearing housing; 1301, connecting ring surface; 1302, connecting hole; 1303, flange; 1304, radial bearing surface; 1305, grease inlet; 1306, bearing mounting surface; 1307, grease reservoir.

[0042] Figure 6 This is a front view of the gear shaft of the present invention;

[0043] The markings in the diagram are: 22, gear shaft; 2201, spline; 2202, bearing inner ring mounting surface; 2203, sealing plate; 2204, gear; 2205, sealing plate; 2206, bearing inner ring mounting surface.

[0044] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the protective cover of the present invention.

[0045] The markings in the diagram are: 29, protective cover; 2901, isolation annular surface I; 2902, isolation annular surface II; 2903, sealing annular surface I; 2904, sealing annular surface II; 2905, sealing cylindrical surface I; 2906, sealing cylindrical surface II.

[0046] It should be noted that these accompanying drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of the invention to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0048] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0049] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, a rotary reducer includes a braking assembly I, a drive assembly II, a two-stage planetary reduction assembly III, and a power output assembly IV arranged sequentially. One end of the output shaft of the drive assembly II is connected to the braking assembly I, and the other end is connected to the first-stage sun gear 1 of the two-stage planetary reduction assembly III. The second-stage sun gear 7 is connected to the first-stage planetary carrier 3 via a spline pair. The gear shaft 22 of the power output assembly IV is connected to the second-stage planetary carrier 9 via a spline pair. The first-stage internal gear ring 5, the second-stage internal gear ring 8, and the connecting housing 10 are coaxial and are sequentially positioned and bolted together via a stop. The first-stage sun gear 1, the second-stage sun gear 7, and the gear shaft 22 are coaxial in center.

[0051] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the two-stage planetary reduction assembly III includes a second-stage planetary reduction sub-component, a first-stage planetary reduction sub-component, and a top connecting cover 4. The second-stage planetary reduction sub-component consists of a second-stage sun gear 7, a second-stage planet carrier 9, a second-stage planetary gear 30, and a second-stage planetary bearing 6, all housed in the second-stage internal gear ring 8. The first-stage planetary reduction sub-component consists of a first-stage sun gear 1, a first-stage planet carrier 3, a first-stage planetary gear 33, and a first-stage planetary bearing 34, all housed in the first-stage internal gear ring 5. The top connecting cover 4 is connected to the first-stage internal gear ring 5 and positioned by a stop. The first-stage internal gear ring 5, the second-stage internal gear ring 8, and the connecting shell 10 in the power output assembly IV are coaxial and sequentially positioned by a stop. The top connecting cover 4, the first-stage internal gear ring 5, the second-stage internal gear ring 8, and the connecting shell 10 are fixed by bolts. The second-stage sun gear 7 is connected to the first-stage planet carrier 3 via a spline pair. The first-stage sun gear 1, the second-stage sun gear 7, and the gear shaft 22 are coaxial.

[0052] A further solution: Axial positioning is achieved between the primary sun gear 1 and the secondary sun gear 7 by means of a partition plate II 32; Axial positioning is achieved between the secondary sun gear 7 and the gear shaft 22 by means of a partition plate I 31.

[0053] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the power output assembly IV includes a gear shaft 22, a connecting housing 10, a protective cover 29, a bushing 28, a through cover 11, an adjusting shim 26, a retaining ring 27, a bearing 23, a bearing seat 13, and several seals; the gears on both sides of the gear shaft 22 are supported by bearings 23; the power output assembly IV is completely isolated from the oil chamber of the two-stage planetary reduction assembly III, and can be filled with lubricants of different media.

[0054] like Figure 3 As shown, the connecting shell 10 is a rotating body; the top is provided with a gear oil cavity 101, the bottom of which is provided with a boss 102 and an oil drain port 103; the upper inner part is provided with a bearing housing mounting surface 1018 and several bearing housing mounting threaded holes 1017, as well as an annular sealing groove 1016 and a grease reservoir 1015; the upper outer part is provided with an annular mounting surface 104 and a cylindrical mounting surface 106, which are connected by a countersunk groove 105; the lower inner part is provided with a nasal cavity 109, with a window 1014 on one side; the lower outer part is provided with a grease filling hole 107 and a grease filling hole 108, wherein the grease filling hole 107 is connected to the grease reservoir 1015, and the grease filling hole 108 is connected to the nasal cavity 109; the bottom is provided with a bearing mounting surface 1011, a bearing outer ring positioning surface 1012, a grease reservoir 1013, and a bearing lubrication grease filling hole 1010, which are connected together.

[0055] like Figure 4As shown in the figure, the through cover 11 is provided with a sealing ring surface 1101 and a sealing column surface 1103. The inner side of the through cover 11 is provided with a retaining ring groove 1102 and a seal mounting groove 1106; the outer side is provided with a flange 1104, a spigot 1105 and a plurality of connection holes 1107.

[0056] As Figure 5 shown, the inner side of the bearing housing 13 is provided with a stepped hole, which are successively a through cover spigot 1308, a bearing mounting surface 1306 and a grease storage groove 1307; the outer side is provided with a connection ring surface 1301, a flange 1303, a plurality of connection holes 1302, a radial bearing surface 1304 and a plurality of grease inlet holes 1305; the radial bearing surface 1304 is connected to the bearing housing mounting surface 1018 of the connection housing 10; the through cover spigot 1308 is connected to the spigot 1105 of the through cover 11.

[0057] As Figure 6 shown, the gear shaft 22 is integrally stepped, successively including a spline 2201, a bearing inner ring mounting surface 2202, a sealing platform 2203, a gear 2204, a sealing platform 2205 and a bearing inner ring mounting surface 2206; the spline 2201 is connected to the internal spline of the secondary planet carrier 9; the gear 2204 is a power output component.

[0058] As Figure 7 shown, the guard 29 is integrally in a "U" shape, composed of two isolation ring surfaces 2901, 2902, two sealing ring surfaces 2903, 2904 and two sealing column surfaces 2905, 2906.

[0059] In the present invention, the top connection cover 4, the first-stage internal gear ring 5, the second-stage internal gear ring 8, and the connection housing 10 successively form a complete reducer housing under the action of spigot positioning and bolt connection. The first-stage sun gear 1, the second-stage sun gear 7, and the gear shaft 22 are respectively positioned by the partition plate I 31 and the partition plate II 32 at the end portions. The power output gear adopts two-end support, and the structural strength and stiffness are far superior to the traditional cantilever support; the lubricating oil cavities of the two-stage planetary reduction component III and the power output component IV are arranged separately. The reduction transmission part with a faster rotational angular velocity and linear velocity is lubricated with gear oil, and the power output part with a slower rotational angular velocity and linear velocity and a large load is lubricated with grease, which can meet the requirements of low-speed heavy-load working conditions and improve the reliability of the equipment.

[0060] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the transmission route of the two-stage planetary reduction component and the power output component is: first-stage sun gear 1 → first-stage planet gear 32 → first-stage planet carrier 3 → second-stage sun gear 7 → second-stage planet carrier 30 → second-stage planet carrier 9 → gear shaft 22.

[0061] During installation, first assemble the power output component IV, then perform the two-stage planetary reduction component III, and finally install the drive component II and the brake component I.

[0062] The specific assembly method of the power output component IV is as follows:

[0063] Place the gear shaft 22 vertically with the spline end facing upwards, and place the bearing 23 and lip seal ring I 15 into the bearing housing 13 in sequence. Then, pass the assembly through the spline end of the gear shaft 22 and install the inner ring of the bearing 23 onto the hub.

[0064] Place the O-ring 14 and the lip seal II 21 into the sealing groove of the connecting shell 10, then place the pre-assembled gear shaft assembly into the connecting shell 10, and install the non-spline end bearing and the sealing plate 20.

[0065] Insert the bushing 28 into the spline end of the gear shaft assembly, with the step facing the spline;

[0066] Before placing the through cover 11 into the gear shaft assembly, first place the two lip seal rings III 25 back to back into the sealing installation groove 1106 of the through cover 11, place the retaining ring 27 into the retaining ring groove 1102, and determine the number and total thickness of the adjusting shims 26 according to the actual distance between the stop 1105 and the bearing 24 housing, and place them on the flange face 1301 of the bearing seat 13. Then use bolts 24 to connect and fix the through cover 11 assembly, bearing seat 13 and connecting shell 10.

[0067] The assembly of the two-stage planetary deceleration assembly III is as follows:

[0068] Install the secondary internal gear ring 8 on the connecting housing 10 and position it by the stop. Before inserting the spline of the secondary planetary carrier 9, install the protective cover 29 on the through cover 11 and the bushing 28. Then, put the secondary sun gear 7, the secondary planetary carrier 9, the secondary planetary gear 30, and the secondary planetary bearing 6 into the secondary internal gear ring 8 to assemble the secondary planetary reducer component.

[0069] Install the first-stage internal gear ring 5 on the second-stage internal gear ring 8, and position it through the stop. Then, place the first-stage sun gear 1, the first-stage planet carrier 3, the first-stage planet gear 33, and the first-stage planet bearing 34 into the first-stage internal gear ring 5 to assemble the first-stage planetary reducer component.

[0070] Connect the top connecting cover 4 to the first-stage internal gear ring 5 and position them through the stop, and fix the top connecting cover 4, the first-stage internal gear ring 5, the second-stage internal gear ring 8, and the connecting shell 10 with bolts.

[0071] Install plug II12 and plug VI19;

[0072] After filling the oil chamber of the two-stage planetary reduction assembly III with gear oil, install plug I2;

[0073] After adding grease through grease filling holes 107, 108 and 1010, install plugs III16, IV17 and V18.

[0074] As can be seen from the above structure, the present invention proposes a rotary reducer with a power output gear supported at both ends, which has a structural strength and rigidity far superior to the traditional cantilever support. The oil chambers of the power output section and the planetary reduction section are completely isolated, allowing the addition of lubricants of different media to meet the needs of complex heavy-duty working conditions. The output rotary gear of the reducer and the rotary support form a grease groove, replacing the open lubrication pool, avoiding the problem of easy contamination of the stored grease, realizing fresh grease lubrication at the meshing point, and ensuring the lubrication state of the rotary meshing gear pair.

[0075] Numerous specific details are set forth in the specification provided herein. However, it will be understood that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures, and techniques have not been shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this specification.

[0076] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that although some embodiments described herein include certain features found in other embodiments but not others, combinations of features from different embodiments are also within the scope of protection of this invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the embodiments described above, those skilled in the art can use them in combination based on known technical solutions and the technical problems to be solved by this application.

[0077] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-described technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A slewing speed reducer, characterized in that: It includes a braking component (Ⅰ), a driving component (Ⅱ), a two-stage planetary reduction component (Ⅲ), and a power output component (Ⅳ) arranged in sequence; One end of the output shaft of the driving component (Ⅱ) is connected to the braking component (Ⅰ), and the other end is connected to the first-stage sun gear (1) of the two-stage planetary reduction component (Ⅲ); The gear shaft (22) of the power output component (Ⅳ) is connected to the second-stage planetary carrier (9) of the two-stage planetary reduction component (Ⅲ) through a spline pair; Among them, the oil cavities of the two-stage planetary reduction component (Ⅲ) and the power output component (Ⅳ) are completely isolated, and lubricants of different media can be filled; The power output component (Ⅳ) includes: A connecting shell (10), which is integrally a rotating body; A gear component, which is placed in the connecting shell (10) and is mainly composed of a gear shaft (22) and a bearing seat (13); A through cover (11), which is connected and fixed to the connecting shell (10) by bolts together with the bearing seat (13); A shield (29), which is installed on the through cover (11); The top of the connecting shell (10) is provided with a gear oil cavity (101), and an oil drain port (103) is opened at the bottom of the gear oil cavity (101); On the inner side of the upper middle part of the connecting shell (10), there are a bearing seat mounting surface (1018), several bearing seat mounting threaded holes (1017), an annular sealing groove (1016) and a grease storage groove (1015); on the outer side of the upper middle part, there are an annular mounting surface (104) and a cylindrical mounting surface (106), and they are connected by a sunk groove (105); On the inner side of the lower middle part of the connecting shell (10), there is a nasal cavity (109), and a window (1014) is opened on one side; On the outer side of the lower middle part of the connecting shell (10), there are a grease filling hole (107) and a grease filling hole (108), wherein the grease filling port (107) is connected to the grease storage groove (1015), and the grease filling port (108) is connected to the nasal cavity (109); The bottom of the connecting shell (10) is provided with a bearing mounting surface (1011), a bearing outer ring positioning surface (1012), a grease storage groove (1013) and a bearing lubrication grease filling hole (1010), and the three are connected; The shield (29) is integrally in a "C" shape and is composed of two isolation annular surfaces (2901, 2902), two sealing annular surfaces (2903, 2904) and two sealing cylindrical surfaces (2905, 2906).

2. A rotary reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two-stage planetary reduction component (Ⅲ) includes: A second-stage planetary reduction sub-component, which consists of a second-stage sun gear (7), a second-stage planetary carrier (9), second-stage planetary gears (30), and second-stage planetary bearings (6) placed in a second-stage internal gear ring (8); A first-stage planetary reduction sub-component, which consists of a first-stage sun gear (1), a first-stage planetary carrier (3), first-stage planetary gears (33), and first-stage planetary bearings (34) placed in a first-stage internal gear ring (5); The top connecting cover (4) is connected to the first-stage internal gear ring (5) and positioned by the stop. The first-stage internal gear ring (5), the second-stage internal gear ring (8), and the connecting shell (10) in the power output assembly (Ⅳ) are coaxial and positioned sequentially by the stop. The top connecting cover (4), the first-stage internal gear ring (5), the second-stage internal gear ring (8), and the connecting shell (10) are fixed by bolts. The secondary sun gear (7) is connected to the primary planetary carrier (3) via a spline pair; the primary sun gear (1), the secondary sun gear (7), and the gear shaft (22) are coaxial.

3. A rotary reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that: A axial positioning is achieved between the first-stage sun gear (1) and the second-stage sun gear (7) by means of a partition plate II (32); Axial positioning is achieved between the secondary sun gear (7) and the gear shaft (22) by means of a partition I (31).

4. A rotary reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side of the cover (11) is provided with a retaining ring groove (1102) and a sealing element mounting groove (1106); the outer side is provided with a flange (1104), a stop (1105) and several connecting holes (1107).

5. A rotary reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing housing (13) has a stepped hole on the inner side, which consists of a through cover stop (1308), a bearing mounting surface (1306), and a grease reservoir (1307); the outer side is provided with a flange (1303), several connecting holes (1302), a radial bearing surface (1304), and several grease inlet holes (1305). The radial bearing surface (1304) is connected to the bearing seat mounting surface (1018) of the connecting shell (10); The stop (1308) of the through cover is connected to the stop (1105) of the through cover (11).

6. A rotary reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear shaft (22) is generally stepped, consisting of a spline (2201), a bearing inner ring mounting surface (2202), a sealing platform (2203), a gear (2204), a sealing platform (2205), and a bearing inner ring mounting surface (2206). The spline (2201) is connected to the internal spline of the secondary planetary carrier (9); The gear (2204) is a power output component.

7. An engineering machinery, characterized in that: It is equipped with a rotary reducer as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A method for assembling a rotary reducer, characterized in that: During installation, first assemble the power output assembly (Ⅳ), then install the two-stage planetary reduction assembly (Ⅲ), and finally install the drive assembly (Ⅱ) and the braking assembly (Ⅰ). The specific assembly method of the power output component (Ⅳ) is as follows: Place the gear shaft (22) vertically with the spline end facing upwards, and place the bearing (23) and lip seal I (15) into the bearing housing (13) in sequence. Then, pass the assembly through the spline end of the gear shaft (22) and install the inner ring of the bearing (23) onto the hub. Place the O-ring (14) and lip seal II (21) into the sealing groove of the connecting shell (10), then place the pre-assembled gear shaft assembly into the connecting shell (10), and install the non-spline end bearing and the sealing plate (20). Insert the bushing (28) into the spline end of the gear shaft assembly, with the step facing the spline; Before placing the through cover (11) into the gear shaft assembly, first place the two lip seal rings III (25) back to back into the sealing installation groove (1106) of the through cover (11), place the retaining ring (27) into the retaining ring groove (1102), and determine the number and total thickness of the adjusting shims (26) according to the actual distance between the stop (1105) and the bearing (24) housing, and place them on the flange face (1301) of the bearing seat (13). Then use bolts (24) to connect and fix the through cover (11) assembly, bearing seat (13) and connecting shell (10).

9. The assembly method of a rotary reducer according to claim 8, characterized in that, The specific assembly method of the two-stage planetary deceleration assembly (Ⅲ) is as follows: Install the secondary internal gear ring (8) on the connecting shell (10) and position it by the stop. Before inserting the spline of the secondary planetary carrier (9), install the cover (29) on the through cover (11) and the bushing (28). Place the secondary sun gear (7), the secondary planetary carrier (9), the secondary planetary gear (30), and the secondary planetary bearing (6) into the secondary internal gear ring (8) to assemble the secondary planetary reducer component. Install the first-stage internal gear ring (5) on the second-stage internal gear ring (8), and position it through the stop. Then, place the first-stage sun gear (1), the first-stage planet carrier (3), the first-stage planet gear (33), and the first-stage planet bearing (34) into the first-stage internal gear ring (5) to assemble the first-stage planetary reducer component. Connect the top connecting cover (4) to the first-stage internal gear ring (5) and position it through the stop, and fix the top connecting cover (4), the first-stage internal gear ring (5), the second-stage internal gear ring (8), and the connecting shell (10) with bolts; Install plug II (12) and plug VI (19); After filling the oil chamber of the two-stage planetary reduction assembly (Ⅲ) with gear oil, install plug I (2); After adding grease through the grease filling hole (107), grease filling hole (108) and grease filling hole (1010), install plug III (16), plug IV (17) and plug V (18).

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