A fast advanced geological prediction method for tunnels by advanced horizontal drilling and measurement while drilling

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for rapid advanced geological prediction of a tunnel by advanced horizontal drilling and measurement while drilling, comprising the following steps: setting a borehole according to the characteristics of the tunnel face; arranging a seismic reflection instrument probe and a detector around the borehole; collecting seismic wave data excited by the rock breaking caused by the drill bit; receiving and processing the seismic wave data to obtain geological information at the tunnel face. The present invention realizes measurement while drilling by utilizing seismic reflection waves and direct waves generated by vibration excitation of the drill bit and drill pipe during drilling construction, reduces construction steps, and improves exploration efficiency; combines advanced horizontal drilling with seismic reflection method to realize rapid advanced geological prediction of the surrounding rock in front of the tunnel face.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of tunnel detection, and in particular to a method for rapid advance geological prediction of tunnels by advanced horizontal drilling and drilling-while-drilling measurement. Background Art

[0002] With the development of economy and technology, my country has achieved unprecedented development in the field of tunnel engineering. At present, China has become the country with the most tunnel engineering, the fastest development speed, and the most complex geological and structural forms in the world. As a concealed project, tunnel construction inevitably passes through sections with complex and unfavorable geological bodies such as karst, fault fracture zone, and soft rock deformation layer, which are very prone to geological disasters such as collapse, roof fall, water inrush and water gushing. Therefore, accurately predicting the unfavorable geological conditions in front of the tunnel face and predicting the possible geological disasters are the prerequisites for ensuring the safety and scientific construction of the tunnel.

[0003] The biggest risk factor in tunnel construction is the geological factor. Due to the limitations of ground geological surveys in the early stage of construction, it is difficult to have a comprehensive and accurate grasp of the regional engineering geological conditions. Among the many advanced geological prediction methods, the advanced horizontal drilling method has irreplaceable advantages because of its accurate and intuitive prediction results. At present, in conventional advanced horizontal drilling construction, the drill needs to be lifted for comprehensive logging after coring, and drilling and geophysical exploration are separated, which cannot truly achieve drilling and measurement, and update the stratum and surrounding rock information in front of the face in real time. Therefore, there are still some problems in the research and application of related technologies: ① The drilling and exploration construction steps are relatively cumbersome; ② The coring rate of complex geological surrounding rocks is low, the indoor experimental workload is large, time-consuming, and the cost is high. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an advanced geological prediction method with high construction efficiency, low cost, and the ability to obtain real geological data while drilling. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method for rapid advance geological prediction of tunnels by advanced horizontal drilling and measurement while drilling, which can realize rapid and accurate prediction of surrounding rock conditions in front of the tunnel construction face, guide engineering construction, and avoid construction risks caused by unfavorable geological bodies. The specific technical scheme is as follows.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present application, a method for rapid advance geological prediction of a tunnel by advanced horizontal drilling and drilling-while-drilling measurement comprises the following steps:

[0006] Setting boreholes according to the characteristics of the tunnel face;

[0007] Arrange seismic reflection instrument probes and geophones around the borehole;

[0008] Collect data on seismic waves generated by the drill bit breaking rock;

[0009] The seismic wave data is received and processed to obtain geological information at the tunnel face.

[0010] Further, setting the drilling hole according to the characteristics of the tunnel face includes:

[0011] The number of the boreholes is set according to the geological characteristics of the tunnel face; and the depth of the boreholes is set according to different sections of the tunnel face.

[0012] Furthermore, the arrangement of a seismic reflection instrument probe and a geophone around the borehole includes:

[0013] A plurality of detectors are arranged at equal distances and equal azimuths from the borehole, and a trigger is set on the other side of the borehole.

[0014] Further, the step of arranging a plurality of geophones at equal distances and positions from the borehole, and setting a trigger on the other side of the borehole, comprises:

[0015] The detector and the host are arranged at a preset distance in front of the tunnel face, and three detectors are arranged and arranged respectively on the side walls and inverts on both sides of the tunnel at the same mileage.

[0016] Furthermore, the detector and the host are arranged at a preset distance in front of the tunnel face, including:

[0017] The geophones are arranged in three directions of X, Y and Z in the space of the tunnel, including: the geophones are arranged at the primary lining or surrounding rock surface of the tunnel, and at a preset distance from the ground on the left wall of the tunnel facing the direction of the tunnel face, a position corresponding to the tunnel axis, and a preset distance from the ground on the right wall, and the geophones are located on the cross section of the same tunnel.

[0018] Furthermore, the collecting of seismic wave data generated by the drilling of the drill bit and breaking the rock includes:

[0019] The direct wave vibration signal is received by the detector, and the longitudinal and transverse wave velocities of the detector in three directions are calculated according to the drilling footage, vibration monitoring arrangement and detector time difference.

[0020] Furthermore, the receiving and processing of the seismic wave data to obtain geological information at the tunnel face includes:

[0021] By extracting subsequent waves and reflected waves from the seismic wave data of the full wave train, the relationship between wave impedance, wave velocity changes, geological information and surrounding rock grades of different surrounding rocks in a certain range in front of the borehole is obtained, and information for identifying changes in geological conditions in front of the face is obtained.

[0022] Furthermore, the receiving and processing of the seismic wave data to obtain the geological information at the tunnel face also includes:

[0023] The parameter information of the surrounding rock in front of the tunnel face is obtained by processing the seismic wave data; in combination with actual field information, the seismic wave data is preprocessed by using bandpass filtering and spherical diffusion, and wave field separation, wave velocity analysis, wave amplitude spatial relocation and offset imaging operations are performed on P waves and S waves; the wave amplitude and wave velocity are associated with the surrounding rock parameter information to form an image that can be used for geological interpretation.

[0024] Furthermore, the obtaining of information for identifying changes in geological conditions ahead of the tunnel face includes:

[0025] The changes in the properties of the rock mass in the detected area are described based on the two-dimensional or three-dimensional graph of the distribution of the reflected signal received by the detector and the graph of the rock mass mechanical parameters.

[0026] Furthermore, the description of changes in rock mass properties in the detected area includes:

[0027] When a reflection amplitude higher than the first preset value, a reflection coefficient greater than the second preset value, and an elastic impedance less than the third preset value appear, it indicates that the rock density and wave velocity of the reflection interface are greater than the fourth preset value;

[0028] When a positive reflection amplitude appears in the center of the waveform, it means that the hardness of the rock at the reflection interface is greater than the preset hardness value; when a negative reflection amplitude appears in the center of the waveform, it means that the reflection interface is a rock with a preset softness value A;

[0029] If the S-wave reflection is stronger than the P-wave reflection, it means that the reflecting interface contains water with a density of B;

[0030] When the Vp and Vs values ​​change incrementally, it indicates the presence of fluid;

[0031] If the Vp value decreases, it indicates a change in cracks or porosity.

[0032] According to another aspect of the present application, a storage medium stores a computer program thereon, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the calculation scheme involved in the method for rapid advanced geological prediction of tunnels with advanced horizontal drilling and drilling-while-drilling measurement as described in any of the above items is implemented.

[0033] According to another aspect of the present application, a computer device includes a storage medium, a processor, and a computer program stored on the storage medium and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, the calculation scheme involved in the method for rapid advanced geological prediction of tunnels with advanced horizontal drilling and measurement while drilling is performed as described in any one of the above items is implemented.

[0034] To sum up, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows: unlike single advanced horizontal drilling, the seismic reflection method is combined with the advanced horizontal drill bit survey and construction, and the seismic wave propagation characteristics and detection principles are utilized in conjunction with advanced horizontal drilling to enrich the surrounding rock information in the advanced geological prediction, save construction steps, and improve the exploration efficiency; at the same time, unlike the conventional seismic reflection method, which uses blasting or hammering as the seismic source, the present invention utilizes the seismic waves generated by the drill bit breaking rock and the drill pipe vibration process to realize the drilling-while-drilling advanced horizontal drilling, combines drilling with geophysical exploration, and improves the accuracy of surrounding rock information prediction; utilizes the seismic reflection waves and direct waves generated by the vibration excitation of the drill bit and drill pipe during drilling construction to realize drilling-while-drilling, reduce construction steps, and improve exploration efficiency; combines advanced horizontal drilling with the seismic reflection method to realize rapid advanced geological prediction of the surrounding rock in front of the tunnel face. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0036] FIG1 shows a schematic diagram of a process flow of a method for rapid advance geological prediction of a tunnel by advanced horizontal drilling and while-drilling measurement provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] FIG2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a method for rapid advance geological prediction of a tunnel by advanced horizontal drilling and while-drilling measurement provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] FIG3 shows a schematic longitudinal section diagram of a method for rapid advance geological prediction of a tunnel by advanced horizontal drilling and while-drilling measurement provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0040] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0041] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0042] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0043] The present embodiment provides a method for rapid advance geological prediction of tunnels by advanced horizontal drilling and measurement at the same time, which can solve the problems of complicated tunnel drilling and investigation construction steps, low coring rate of complex geological surrounding rocks, large workload, long time and high cost of indoor experiments, and realize rapid and accurate prediction of surrounding rock conditions in front of the tunnel construction face, guide engineering construction, and avoid construction risks caused by poor geological bodies.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, in some achievable embodiments provided by the present invention, a method for rapid advance geological prediction of a tunnel by advanced horizontal drilling and drilling-while-drilling measurement is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0045] Setting boreholes according to the characteristics of the tunnel face;

[0046] Arrange seismic reflection instrument probes and geophones around the borehole;

[0047] Collect data on seismic waves generated by the drill bit breaking rock;

[0048] The seismic wave data is received and processed to obtain geological information at the tunnel face.

[0049] In some achievable embodiments provided by the present invention, the setting of drilling holes according to the characteristics of the tunnel face includes:

[0050] The number of the boreholes is set according to the geological characteristics of the tunnel face; and the depth of the boreholes is set according to different sections of the tunnel face.

[0051] In some feasible embodiments provided by the present invention, the arrangement of seismic reflection instrument probes and geophones around the borehole includes:

[0052] A plurality of detectors are arranged at equal distances and equal azimuths from the borehole, and a trigger is set on the other side of the borehole.

[0053] In some achievable embodiments provided by the present invention, the step of arranging a plurality of geophones at equal distances and positions from the borehole, and setting a trigger on the other side of the borehole, comprises:

[0054] The detector and the host are arranged at a preset distance in front of the tunnel face, and three detectors are arranged and arranged respectively on the side walls and inverts on both sides of the tunnel at the same mileage.

[0055] In some feasible embodiments provided by the present invention, the detector and the host are arranged at a preset distance in front of the tunnel face, including:

[0056] The geophones are arranged in three directions of X, Y and Z in the space of the tunnel, including: the geophones are arranged at the primary lining or surrounding rock surface of the tunnel, and at a preset distance from the ground on the left wall of the tunnel facing the direction of the tunnel face, a position corresponding to the tunnel axis, and a preset distance from the ground on the right wall, and the geophones are located on the cross section of the same tunnel.

[0057] In some achievable embodiments provided by the present invention, the collecting of seismic wave data excited by the drilling of the drill bit and breaking the rock comprises:

[0058] The direct wave vibration signal is received by the detector, and the longitudinal and transverse wave velocities of the detector in three directions are calculated according to the drilling footage, vibration monitoring arrangement and detector time difference.

[0059] In some achievable embodiments provided by the present invention, the receiving and processing of the seismic wave data to obtain the geological information at the tunnel face includes:

[0060] By extracting subsequent waves and reflected waves from the seismic wave data of the full wave train, the relationship between wave impedance, wave velocity changes, geological information and surrounding rock grades of different surrounding rocks in a certain range in front of the borehole is obtained, and information for identifying changes in geological conditions in front of the face is obtained.

[0061] In some achievable embodiments provided by the present invention, the receiving and processing of the seismic wave data to obtain the geological information at the tunnel face further includes:

[0062] The parameter information of the surrounding rock in front of the tunnel face is obtained by processing the seismic wave data; in combination with actual field information, the seismic wave data is preprocessed by using bandpass filtering and spherical diffusion, and wave field separation, wave velocity analysis, wave amplitude spatial relocation and offset imaging operations are performed on P waves and S waves; the wave amplitude and wave velocity are associated with the surrounding rock parameter information to form an image that can be used for geological interpretation.

[0063] In some achievable embodiments provided by the present invention, the obtaining of information for identifying changes in geological conditions ahead of the tunnel face includes:

[0064] The changes in the properties of the rock mass in the detected area are described based on the two-dimensional or three-dimensional graph of the distribution of the reflected signal received by the detector and the graph of the rock mass mechanical parameters.

[0065] In some achievable embodiments provided by the present invention, the description of changes in rock mass properties in the detected area includes:

[0066] When a reflection amplitude higher than the first preset value, a reflection coefficient greater than the second preset value, and an elastic impedance less than the third preset value appear, it indicates that the rock density and wave velocity of the reflection interface are greater than the fourth preset value;

[0067] When a positive reflection amplitude appears in the center of the waveform, it means that the hardness of the rock at the reflection interface is greater than the preset hardness value; when a negative reflection amplitude appears in the center of the waveform, it means that the reflection interface is a rock with a preset softness value A;

[0068] If the S-wave reflection is stronger than the P-wave reflection, it means that the reflecting interface contains water with a density of B;

[0069] When the Vp and Vs values ​​change incrementally, it indicates the presence of fluid;

[0070] If the Vp value decreases, it indicates that the crack or porosity changes;

[0071] Further described as:

[0072] When a reflection amplitude higher than the first preset value, a reflection coefficient greater than the second preset value, and an elastic impedance less than the third preset value appear, it indicates that the rock density and wave velocity of the reflection interface are high;

[0073] When a positive reflection amplitude appears in the center of the waveform, it means that the rock at the reflection interface is hard; when a negative reflection amplitude appears in the center of the waveform, it means that the reflection interface is relatively soft rock;

[0074] If the S-wave reflection is stronger than the P-wave reflection, it means that the reflecting interface is rich in water;

[0075] When Vp and Vs increase or increase suddenly, it indicates the presence of fluid;

[0076] If Vp decreases, it indicates that the cracks or porosity are increasing.

[0077] In some achievable embodiments provided by the present invention, a method for advanced geological prediction of tunnels using advanced horizontal drilling and seismic reflection method is provided, which belongs to the field of tunnel engineering geological survey. The method includes the following steps: arrangement of drilling holes on the face; arrangement of seismic reflection instrument probes; arrangement of detectors; excitation of seismic waves by drilling and breaking rocks during drilling; and reception and processing of seismic wave data. In this embodiment, the rock breaking and drill pipe vibration of the drill bit during the advanced horizontal drilling construction process are used as seismic exploration sources. First, three three-component detectors are arranged equidistantly and equidistantly around the advanced horizontal drilling holes on the face, and the trigger is arranged near the borehole, and the excitation is completed by the vibration of the horizontal drilling drill bit; then, the direct wave vibration signal is received by the detector, and the longitudinal and transverse wave velocities of the three azimuth detectors are obtained by calculation according to the drilling footage, vibration monitoring arrangement, and detector time difference; by extracting the subsequent waves and reflected waves of the full wave train seismic waves, the wave impedance of different surrounding rocks in a certain range in front of the borehole, the relationship between the wave velocity change and the geological information and the surrounding rock level are obtained, so as to achieve the purpose of identifying the changes in the geological conditions in front of the face. Wherein, Vp: longitudinal wave velocity; Vs: transverse wave velocity.

[0078] This embodiment aims at tunnel construction that inevitably passes through sections with complex and unfavorable geological bodies such as karst, fault fracture zones, and soft rock deformation layers, which are very prone to geological disasters such as collapse, roof fall, water inrush and water gushing. The traditional advanced horizontal drilling construction steps are cumbersome. The present invention uses advanced horizontal drilling and seismic reflection method to provide a tunnel advanced geological prediction method that can realize the measurement of surrounding rock in front of the face while drilling.

[0079] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, in some other achievable embodiments provided by the present invention, a method for advanced geological prediction of a tunnel by advanced horizontal drilling and drilling-while-drilling measurement is provided, and the contents are as follows:

[0080] 1. Drilling arrangement, including:

[0081] 3 to 5 boreholes are arranged at the tunnel face, depending on the construction progress and on-site geological conditions, and no less than 5 under water-rich karst conditions; different drilling depths are adopted according to different sections, generally the drilling depth is 30 to 50m, and deep holes of more than 100m can be drilled when necessary; the tunnel seismic reflection instrument adopts the tunnel seismic reflection method geological prediction system, which consists of a host 5, a three-component detector 3, and a trigger 2.

[0082] 2. Trigger arrangement, including:

[0083] A seismic reflectometer trigger 2 is arranged near the position of the advance horizontal drilling borehole 1 on the tunnel face; the trigger 2 is composed of an iron plate (with a built-in trigger switch) and a trigger switch.

[0084] 3. Detector arrangement, including:

[0085] The detector 3 and the host 5 are arranged at a certain distance in front of the tunnel face. There are three detectors 3 in total, which are arranged on the side walls and inverts on both sides of the tunnel at the same mileage, as follows:

[0086] ① The three-component geophone 3 contains geophones in three directions: X, Y, and Z. The geophone 3 is fixed on the tunnel primary lining or surrounding rock surface, facing the left wall of the tunnel (about 1.5m above the ground), the ground (the tunnel axis position), and the right wall (about 1.5m above the ground) in the direction of the tunnel face. The three geophones are located on the same tunnel section; ② Adjust the X direction on the geophone to face the tunnel face; ③ Use expansion screws to fix or insert into the borehole to adjust the direction of the geophone; ④ Use a rangefinder to level the receiver; ⑤ Measure the height, inclination, and distance to the tunnel face of the geophone respectively; ⑤ Measure the height of the source point of borehole 1 and the distance from the left wall of the tunnel; ⑥ Record the mileage number of the tunnel face.

[0087] 4. Instrument connections, including:

[0088] ① Connect the detector 3 and trigger 2 to the host 5 via the connecting line 4; ② Turn on the host power and connect the host to the tablet computer via the built-in WIFI of the host; ③ Open the system software in the tablet computer and set the acquisition parameters.

[0089] 5. Source excitation, including:

[0090] As the advanced horizontal drilling drill bit advances and breaks rock, seismic waves are excited, and the detector 3 is used to receive data.

[0091] 6. Seismic wave data processing, including:

[0092] Through on-site data processing, the surrounding rock parameter information in front of the tunnel face is obtained; first, the on-site information of the work area is edited; then the data is pre-processed using bandpass filtering and spherical diffusion, the P wave and S wave are separated, the wave velocity, wave amplitude spatial relocation and offset imaging are analyzed; finally, the wave amplitude and wave velocity are associated with the surrounding rock geological information to form an image that can be used for geological interpretation.

[0093] 7. Geological interpretation, including

[0094] Geological interpretation describes the changes in rock mass properties in the area based on two-dimensional or three-dimensional graphs of the distribution of reflection signals within the forecast range and graphs of rock mass mechanical parameters. The properties of the rock mass at the reflection interface can be judged from the following aspects:

[0095] (1) The appearance of a higher reflection amplitude, a larger reflection coefficient, and a smaller elastic impedance indicates that the rock density and wave velocity of the reflection interface are higher.

[0096] (2) If a positive reflection amplitude appears in the center of the waveform, it means that the rock at the reflection interface is hard. If a negative reflection amplitude appears, it means that the reflection interface is relatively soft rock.

[0097] (3) If the S-wave reflection is stronger than the P-wave reflection, this indicates that the reflecting interface is rich in water.

[0098] (4) The increase or sudden increase of Vp and Vs is often caused by the presence of fluid.

[0099] (5) If Vp decreases, it indicates that the cracks or porosity have increased.

[0100] This embodiment uses the reflection wave characteristics of seismic waves excited by advanced horizontal drilling in the inhomogeneous geological body to predict the geological conditions ahead of the tunnel excavation working face, and adopts the echo measurement principle. Seismic waves propagate in the rock in the form of spherical waves. When seismic waves encounter the rock physical interface (i.e., the wave impedance difference interface, such as faults, rock fracture zones and rock property changes, etc.), part of the seismic signal is reflected back and part of the signal is transmitted into the medium ahead. The reflected seismic signal will be received by one or two highly sensitive seismic detectors. According to the principle that the propagation time of the reflected signal is proportional to the distance of the reflection interface, it can provide a direct data of the bad strata ahead, and then judge the geological conditions ahead through data analysis and processing.

[0101] This embodiment is different from the single advanced horizontal drilling. It combines the seismic reflection method with the advanced horizontal drill bit survey and construction, utilizes the seismic wave propagation characteristics and detection principles, and cooperates with the advanced horizontal drilling to enrich the surrounding rock information in the advanced geological forecast, saves construction steps, and improves the survey efficiency. At the same time, unlike the conventional seismic reflection method, which uses blasting or hammering as the seismic source, this method utilizes the seismic waves generated by the drill bit breaking rock and the drill pipe vibration process to realize the drilling and measurement of advanced horizontal drilling, combines drilling and geophysical exploration, and improves the accuracy of surrounding rock information prediction.

[0102] Based on the above Figure 1 The method shown, accordingly, an embodiment of the present application also provides a storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the content of the computer program required in the method for rapid advanced geological prediction of tunnels with advanced horizontal drilling and drilling-while-drilling measurement as shown in the figure is implemented.

[0103] Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (which can be a CD-ROM, a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, etc.), and includes a number of instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each implementation scenario of the present application.

[0104] In an embodiment of the present invention, a computer device is provided, comprising a storage medium, a processor, and a computer program stored on the storage medium and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements any of the above-mentioned methods for rapid advanced geological prediction of tunnels with drilling-while-drilling advanced horizontal drilling when executing the computer program.

[0105] Based on the above Figure 1 In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer device, which can be a personal computer, a server, a network device, etc. The computer device includes a storage medium and a processor; the storage medium is used to store a computer program; the processor is used to execute the computer program to achieve the above-mentioned Figure 1 The content of the rapid advanced geological prediction method for tunnels with advanced horizontal drilling and measurement as it is drilled is shown.

[0106] Optionally, the computer device may also include a user interface, a network interface, a camera, a radio frequency (RF) circuit, a sensor, an audio circuit, a WI-FI module, etc. The user interface may include a display, an input unit such as a keyboard, etc., and the optional user interface may also include a USB interface, a card reader interface, etc. The network interface may optionally include a standard wired interface, a wireless interface (such as a Bluetooth interface, a WI-FI interface), etc.

[0107] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the computer device structure provided in this embodiment does not limit the computer device, and may include more or fewer components, or a combination of certain components, or different component arrangements.

[0108] The storage medium may also include an operating system and a network communication module. The operating system is a program that manages and saves the hardware and software resources of the computer device, and supports the operation of information processing programs and other software and / or programs. The network communication module is used to realize communication between the components inside the storage medium, and communication with other hardware and software in the physical device.

[0109] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the present application can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, or by other software.

[0110] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the accompanying drawings are only schematic diagrams of a preferred implementation scenario, and the modules or processes in the accompanying drawings are not necessarily necessary for implementing the present application. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules in the devices in the implementation scenario can be distributed in the devices of the implementation scenario according to the description of the implementation scenario, or can be changed accordingly and located in one or more devices different from the present implementation scenario. The modules of the above-mentioned implementation scenario can be combined into one module, or can be further split into multiple submodules.

[0111] The above serial numbers of this application are only for description and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the implementation scenarios. The above disclosure is only a few specific implementation scenarios of this application, but this application is not limited to them, and any changes that can be thought of by technicians in this field should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for rapid advance geological prediction of tunnels by advanced horizontal drilling and measurement while drilling, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Setting boreholes according to the characteristics of the tunnel face; Arrange seismic reflection instrument probes and geophones around the borehole; The geophone and the host are arranged at a preset distance in front of the tunnel face, and three geophones are arranged and arranged respectively on the side walls and inverts on both sides of the tunnel at the same mileage; Collect seismic wave data excited by the drilling and breaking of rocks; receive the direct wave vibration signal through the geophone, and calculate and obtain the longitudinal and transverse wave velocities of the geophone in three directions according to the drilling footage, vibration monitoring arrangement, and geophone time difference; Receiving and processing the seismic wave data to obtain geological information in front of the tunnel face, and describing the changes in rock mass properties in the detected area based on a two-dimensional or three-dimensional graph of the distribution of the reflected signal received by the geophone and a graph of rock mass mechanical parameters; When a reflection amplitude higher than the first preset value, a reflection coefficient greater than the second preset value, and an elastic impedance less than the third preset value appear, it indicates that the rock density and wave velocity of the reflection interface are greater than the fourth preset value; When a positive reflection amplitude appears in the center of the waveform, it means that the hardness of the rock at the reflection interface is greater than the preset hardness value; When a negative reflection amplitude appears in the center of the waveform, it means that the reflection interface is a rock with a preset softness value A; If the S-wave reflection is stronger than the P-wave reflection, it means that the reflecting interface contains water with a density of B; When the Vp and Vs values ​​change incrementally, it indicates the presence of fluid; If the Vp value decreases, it indicates that the crack or porosity changes; Where, Vp: longitudinal wave velocity; Vs: Shear wave velocity.

2. The method for rapid advance geological prediction of tunnels by advanced horizontal drilling and measurement while drilling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The setting of drilling holes according to the characteristics of the tunnel face comprises: The number of the boreholes is set according to the geological characteristics of the tunnel face; and the depth of the boreholes is set according to different sections of the tunnel face.

3. The method for rapid advanced geological prediction of tunnels by advanced horizontal drilling and measurement while drilling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of arranging a seismic reflection instrument probe and a geophone on the periphery of the borehole comprises: A plurality of detectors are arranged at equal distances and equal azimuths from the borehole, and a trigger is set on the other side of the borehole.

4. The method for rapid advance geological prediction of tunnels by advanced horizontal drilling and measurement while drilling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The detector and the host are arranged at a preset distance in front of the tunnel face, including: The geophones are arranged in three directions of X, Y and Z in the space of the tunnel, including: the geophones are arranged at the primary lining or surrounding rock surface of the tunnel, and at a preset distance from the ground on the left wall of the tunnel facing the direction of the tunnel face, a position corresponding to the tunnel axis, and a preset distance from the ground on the right wall, and the geophones are located on the cross section of the same tunnel.

5. The method for rapid advance geological prediction of tunnels by advanced horizontal drilling and measurement while drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The receiving and processing of the seismic wave data to obtain geological information at the tunnel face includes: By extracting subsequent waves and reflected waves from the seismic wave data of the full wave train, the relationship between wave impedance, wave velocity changes, geological information and surrounding rock grades of different surrounding rocks in a certain range in front of the borehole is obtained, and information for identifying changes in geological conditions in front of the face is obtained.

6. The method for rapid advanced geological prediction of tunnels by advanced horizontal drilling and measurement while drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The receiving and processing of the seismic wave data to obtain geological information at the tunnel face also includes: The parameter information of the surrounding rock in front of the tunnel face is obtained by processing the seismic wave data; in combination with actual field information, the seismic wave data is preprocessed by using bandpass filtering and spherical diffusion, and wave field separation, wave velocity analysis, wave amplitude spatial relocation and offset imaging operations are performed on P waves and S waves; the wave amplitude and wave velocity are associated with the surrounding rock parameter information to form an image that can be used for geological interpretation.

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