Explosion-proof battery trackless rubber-wheeled vehicle onboard explosion-proof battery pack quick-change device and replacement method

Abstract

The invention provides a quick-changing device and a replacement method for an explosion-proof battery pack on a trackless rubber-tyred vehicle with explosion-proof batteries, and belongs to the technical field of auxiliary transportation equipment in underground coal mines. The explosion-proof battery pack is lifted to the lower end of a frame of the rubber-tyred vehicle by a hydraulic power source on the trackless rubber-tyred vehicle with explosion-proof batteries through a lifting cylinder and a lifting arm, and the explosion-proof battery pack is clamped by a concave ratchet and a pawl at the same time, so that the explosion-proof battery pack is quickly installed and locked; when the power of the explosion-proof battery pack is insufficient, the pawl can unlock the concave ratchet under the action of a one-way hydraulic locking cylinder, and the explosion-proof battery pack is released to the ground through the downward movement of the lifting cylinder and the lifting arm, so that the explosion-proof battery pack on the trackless rubber-tyred vehicle with explosion-proof batteries can be quickly replaced, installed, locked and unlocked, so that the downtime of the trackless rubber-tyred vehicle with explosion-proof batteries can be shortened, and the use efficiency of the trackless rubber-tyred vehicle with explosion-proof batteries can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of auxiliary transportation equipment in coal mines, and specifically discloses a quick-changing device and a changing method for an explosion-proof battery pack mounted on an explosion-proof battery trackless rubber-wheeled vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The explosion-proof battery rubber-tyred trackless vehicle is powered by an on-board explosion-proof battery pack and driven by an explosion-proof motor. The energy required for the vehicle to move comes from the on-board explosion-proof battery pack. Before the explosion-proof battery pack is about to run out of power, it is necessary to charge the explosion-proof battery pack in time. If the explosion-proof battery pack is seriously depleted or depleted for a long time, the battery will be irreversibly damaged; in addition, due to the limitation of the charging speed of the battery pack, the charging time of the explosion-proof battery rubber-tyred trackless vehicle is too long, which seriously affects the efficiency of the explosion-proof battery rubber-tyred trackless vehicle.

[0003] In order to avoid the above problems, the method of replacing the explosion-proof battery pack on the explosion-proof battery trackless rubber-wheeled vehicle can be used to solve the problem. That is, when the power of the explosion-proof battery pack is insufficient, the original explosion-proof battery pack is directly disassembled and a fully charged explosion-proof battery pack is reinstalled to solve the problem of insufficient power of the on-board explosion-proof battery pack. The explosion-proof battery pack on the explosion-proof battery trackless rubber-wheeled vehicle in the prior art is fixedly connected to the body of the explosion-proof battery trackless rubber-wheeled vehicle, and there is a problem that the process of unloading and installing the explosion-proof battery pack is complicated and time-consuming. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a quick-change device and a replacement method for an explosion-proof battery pack on a rubber-tyred trackless vehicle with explosion-proof batteries in view of the shortcomings of the background technology.

[0005] The invention provides an explosion-proof battery trackless rubber-wheeled vehicle on-board explosion-proof battery pack quick-change device, comprising a rubber-wheeled vehicle frame, an explosion-proof battery pack, a lifting device, a clamping device and a hydraulic system; the rubber-wheeled vehicle frame comprises two frame beams I arranged opposite to each other and at least two frame beams II connecting the two frame beams I; a lifting chain and a bayonet plate are arranged on the top surface of the explosion-proof battery pack, and a bayonet is arranged on the side of the bayonet plate facing the frame beam I; the lifting device is installed on the frame beam II, and is used for connecting with the lifting chain to realize the up and down movement of the explosion-proof battery pack; the clamping device is symmetrically arranged on the two frame beams I with the central axis of the rubber-wheeled vehicle frame as the symmetry axis, and comprises a concave ratchet, a spring, a limit block and a pawl; the concave ratchet is installed on the frame beam I through a ratchet shaft, and can rotate around the ratchet shaft The concave ratchet is provided with a notch for accommodating the bayonet; the two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the concave ratchet and the frame beam I, and are used to pull the concave ratchet to rotate to the limit block after the bayonet is disengaged from the notch so that the notch faces downward; the pawl is installed on the frame beam I through the pawl shaft and can rotate around the pawl shaft, and the pawl is provided with a claw tip that can limit the reverse rotation of the concave ratchet and release the reverse rotation during the rotation of the concave ratchet; in the hydraulic system, the two ends of the locking cylinder are respectively rotatably connected to the pawl and the frame beam I, and the locking cylinder can be compressed during the upward rotation of the notch of the concave ratchet. After the notch is rotated upward to a preset position, the locking cylinder can pop out to insert the claw tip on the pawl into the notch, and when the locking cylinder contracts to make the claw tip disengage from the notch of the concave ratchet, the restriction on the reverse rotation of the concave ratchet can be released.

[0006] Furthermore, the clamping device also includes a hydraulic stroke valve installed on the frame beam I, the hydraulic stroke valve and the spring are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the ratchet shaft, and the limit block is arranged on the same side as the spring; the pressure wheel of the hydraulic stroke valve contacts the concave ratchet, and when the pressure wheel is not compressed, the B port is disconnected from the A port, and when the pressure wheel is compressed, the A port and the B port are bidirectionally connected; the locking cylinder is a one-way hydraulic locking cylinder, which is in an extended state without the action of high-pressure oil, and is in a compressed state after being subjected to external force or the introduction of high-pressure oil. After the external force is released or disappears, the one-way hydraulic locking cylinder can pop out automatically; the lifting device includes two sets of lifting cylinders corresponding to the clamping devices on the two frame beams I; the explosion-proof battery trackless rubber-wheeled vehicle is mounted The explosion-proof battery pack quick-change device also includes a multi-way valve and a one-way balancing valve; the multi-way valve includes a lifting cylinder operating valve and a locking cylinder unlocking valve; the two lifting cylinder operating valves respectively control the lifting and lowering of the two groups of lifting cylinders; the P port of the multi-way valve inlets oil, and the T port returns oil, the A port of the lifting cylinder operating valve is connected to the A port of the one-way balancing valve, the B port of the one-way balancing valve is connected to the rod cavity of the lifting cylinder, the rodless cavity of the lifting cylinder is connected to the B port of the lifting cylinder operating valve, and the rodless cavity and the rod cavity of each lifting cylinder are connected in series through a hydraulic stroke valve; the P port of the locking cylinder unlocking valve inlets oil, and the T port returns oil, the A port is connected to the rod cavity of the one-way hydraulic locking cylinder, and the B port is blocked.

[0007] Furthermore, the lifting device also includes a lifting arm; a lifting arm fixing seat and a lifting cylinder fixing seat are symmetrically arranged on the two frame beams II with the central axis of the rubber-wheeled vehicle frame as the symmetry axis; the two ends of the lifting cylinder are rotatably connected to the lifting cylinder fixing seat and the rear end of the lifting arm respectively; the front end of the lifting arm is a hook shape for connecting to the lifting chain, and the lower end is rotatably connected to the lifting arm fixing seat.

[0008] Furthermore, two groups of front and rear clamping devices are installed on each frame beam I, and the hydraulic stroke valves of the two groups of clamping devices are connected in series; two lifting chains and four bayonet plates are arranged on the top surface of the explosion-proof battery pack.

[0009] Furthermore, an oil replenishing valve is connected between the A port of the locking cylinder unlocking valve and the one-way hydraulic locking cylinder; the P port of the multi-way valve is supplied with oil by the hydraulic pump, an oil suction filter is arranged between the hydraulic pump and the oil tank, and an oil return filter is arranged between the T port of the multi-way valve and the oil tank.

[0010] Furthermore, a spring fixing pin, a ratchet shaft, a pawl shaft, and a locking cylinder fixing pin are symmetrically arranged on the two frame beams I with the central axis of the rubber-wheeled vehicle frame as the symmetry axis.

[0011] The present invention provides a method for quickly installing and locking an on-board explosion-proof battery pack of an explosion-proof battery trackless rubber-tyred vehicle, which is implemented by using the above-mentioned on-board explosion-proof battery pack quick-changing device for an explosion-proof battery trackless rubber-tyred vehicle, and comprises the following steps:

[0012] S1, connecting two lifting chains arranged on the top surface of the explosion-proof battery pack to the lifting device respectively;

[0013] S2, operate the two lifting cylinder operating valves to connect the P port with the A port, and the B port with the T port, and the high-pressure oil flows to the rod chamber of the lifting cylinder through the A port of the lifting cylinder operating valve and the one-way balance valve. At this time, the pressure wheel of the hydraulic stroke valve is not compressed, and the hydraulic stroke valve is in the cut-off state. The high-pressure oil can only enter the rod chamber of the lifting cylinder to compress the lifting cylinder, and the explosion-proof battery pack moves upward; after the bayonet of the explosion-proof battery pack enters the notch of the concave ratchet, the explosion-proof battery pack continues to move upward, and the concave ratchet is pushed by the bayonet to generate a rotational motion, and the concave ratchet pushes the claw tip to make the ratchet Swing, the rotation of the concave ratchet makes the pawl compress the one-way hydraulic locking cylinder. At the same time, the concave ratchet also compresses the hydraulic stroke valve. The explosion-proof battery pack continues to move, and the claw tip passes over the upper end of the notch and inserts into the notch. The pressure wheel of the hydraulic stroke valve is compressed, and the A port and the B port are bidirectionally connected to achieve reversal. The high-pressure oil flows out from the A port of the lifting cylinder operating valve, and flows back to the B port of the lifting cylinder operating valve through the one-way balance valve and the hydraulic stroke valve. The lifting cylinder stops moving. At the same time, the one-way hydraulic locking cylinder pops up, pushing the pawl to pop up and lock the pin on the explosion-proof battery pack together with the concave ratchet.

[0014] The present invention provides a method for quickly unlocking and unloading an explosion-proof battery pack on a rubber-tyred trackless vehicle with an explosion-proof battery, which is implemented by using the above-mentioned explosion-proof battery pack quick-changing device on a rubber-tyred trackless vehicle with an explosion-proof battery, and comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1, operate the unlocking valve of the locking cylinder to connect the P port with the A port, and the high-pressure oil enters the rod chamber of the one-way hydraulic locking cylinder through the A port of the locking cylinder unlocking valve to compress the one-way hydraulic locking cylinder. The ratchet swings under the action of the one-way hydraulic locking cylinder, and the claw tip passes over the upper end of the notch and disengages from the notch. The concave ratchet rotates to the limit block under the action of the explosion-proof battery pack's deadweight and the spring to make the notch face downward. At the same time, the pressure wheel of the hydraulic stroke valve is released, and the B port is disconnected from the A port;

[0016] S2, operate the two lifting cylinder operating valves to connect the P port with the B port, and the A port with the T port. The high-pressure oil flows into the rodless chamber of the lifting cylinder through the B port of the lifting cylinder operating valve. The oil in the rod chamber of the lifting cylinder flows back to the A port of the lifting cylinder operating valve through the one-way balancing valve. The lifting cylinder extends, the explosion-proof battery pack moves downward to the ground, the lifting chain is removed, and the rapid disassembly of the explosion-proof battery pack is completed.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The present invention designs a mechanical clamping mechanism, which utilizes the hydraulic power source on the explosion-proof battery trackless rubber-tyred vehicle, lifts the explosion-proof battery pack to the lower end of the rubber-tyred vehicle frame through a lifting cylinder and a lifting arm, and simultaneously clamps the explosion-proof battery pack with a concave ratchet and a pawl, thereby realizing rapid installation and locking of the explosion-proof battery pack; when the power of the explosion-proof battery pack is insufficient, the pawl can unlock the concave ratchet under the action of a one-way hydraulic locking cylinder, and release the explosion-proof battery pack to the ground through the downward movement of the lifting cylinder and the lifting arm, thereby realizing rapid replacement installation, locking and unlocking of the explosion-proof battery pack on the explosion-proof battery trackless rubber-tyred vehicle, shortening the downtime of the explosion-proof battery trackless rubber-tyred vehicle, and improving the use efficiency of the explosion-proof battery trackless rubber-tyred vehicle. Compared with the conventional vehicle-mounted explosion-proof battery pack and the rubber-wheeled vehicle frame fixed with bolts, it has at least the following beneficial effects: simple structure, convenient operation, and high reliability, and can conveniently perform quick-change installation, locking, unlocking and disassembly of the explosion-proof battery pack, which is beneficial to improving the replacement efficiency of the explosion-proof battery pack and facilitating the standardization and generalization of the explosion-proof battery pack. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a side view of the explosion-proof battery pack quick-change device on board the explosion-proof battery trackless rubber-wheeled vehicle;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a side view of an explosion-proof battery pack;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a side view of the frame of the rubber-wheeled vehicle;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a front view of the explosion-proof battery pack after installation on the frame of the rubber-wheeled vehicle;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a side view of the explosion-proof battery pack after installation on the frame of the rubber-wheeled vehicle;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a front view of the explosion-proof battery pack after it is released;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a side view of the explosion-proof battery pack after being released;

[0027] Figure 8 This is the schematic diagram of the hydraulic system of the explosion-proof battery pack quick-change device on board the explosion-proof battery trackless rubber-tyred vehicle.

[0028] As shown in the figures, the list of reference numerals is as follows:

[0029] 1. Explosion-proof battery pack; 1-1. Locking pin; 1-2. Lifting chain;

[0030] 2-1, left front hydraulic stroke valve; 2-2, left rear hydraulic stroke valve; 2-3, right front hydraulic stroke valve; 2-4, right rear hydraulic stroke valve;

[0031] 3-1, left lifting cylinder; 3-2, right lifting cylinder;

[0032] 4-1, left lifting arm; 4-2, right lifting arm;

[0033] 5-1, left front one-way hydraulic locking cylinder; 5-2, left rear one-way hydraulic locking cylinder; 5-3, right front one-way hydraulic locking cylinder; 5-4, right rear one-way hydraulic locking cylinder;

[0034] 6-1, left front spring; 6-2, left rear spring; 6-3, right front spring; 6-4, right rear spring;

[0035] 7-1, left front concave ratchet; 7-2, left rear concave ratchet; 7-3, right front concave ratchet; 7-4, right rear concave ratchet;

[0036] 8-1, left front pawl; 8-2, left rear pawl; 8-3, right front pawl; 8-4, right rear pawl;

[0037] 9. Multi-way valve; 9-1. Left lifting cylinder operating valve; 9-2. Right lifting cylinder operating valve; 9-3. Locking cylinder unlocking valve;

[0038] 10. Hydraulic pump;

[0039] 11-1, left one-way balancing valve; 11-2, right one-way balancing valve;

[0040] 12. Oil supply valve;

[0041] 13. Oil suction filter;

[0042] 14. Oil return filter;

[0043] 15. Rubber-wheeled vehicle frame; 15-1. Spring fixing pin; 15-2. Ratchet shaft; 15-3. Ratchet shaft; 15-4. Locking cylinder fixing pin; 15-5. Boom fixing seat; 15-6. Lifting cylinder fixing seat; 15-7. Frame beam I; 15-8. Frame beam II;

[0044] 16. Limit block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] Figures 1 to 8 This is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the extension direction of the lifting cylinder is "front", the retraction direction is "back", and the "left" and "right" are Figure 1 As a benchmark.

[0047] like Figure 1As shown, the explosion-proof battery quick-change device for explosion-proof battery trackless rubber-tyred vehicle mainly includes an explosion-proof battery pack 1, a rubber-tyred vehicle frame 15, a left front hydraulic stroke valve 2-1, a left rear hydraulic stroke valve 2-2, a left lifting cylinder 3-1, a left lifting arm 4-1, a left front one-way hydraulic locking cylinder 5-1, a left rear one-way hydraulic locking cylinder 5-2, a left front spring 6-1, a left rear spring 6-2, a left front concave ratchet 7-1, a left rear concave ratchet 7-2, and a left front pawl 8- 1. The left part is composed of the left rear ratchet 8-2, and the right part is composed of the right front hydraulic stroke valve 2-3, the right rear hydraulic stroke valve 2-4, the right lifting cylinder 3-2, the right lifting arm 4-2, the right front one-way hydraulic locking cylinder 5-3, the right rear one-way hydraulic locking cylinder 5-4, the right front spring 6-3, the right rear spring 6-4, the right front concave ratchet 7-3, the right rear concave ratchet 7-4, the right front ratchet 8-3, and the right rear ratchet 8-4. The left and right parts are symmetrically arranged.

[0048] The left front concave ratchet 7-1 can rotate around the ratchet shaft 15-2 at its own position under the action of the left front spring 6-1, and its downward movement is restricted by the state of the left front pawl 8-1. After the restriction state of the left front pawl 8-1 is released, it can move to the limit block 16 at its own position, and reverse rotation can compress the left front hydraulic stroke valve 2-1, thereby realizing the reversal of the left front hydraulic stroke valve 2-1.

[0049] The right front concave ratchet 7-3 can rotate around the ratchet shaft 15-2 at its own position under the action of the right front spring 6-3, and its downward movement is restricted by the state of the right front ratchet 8-3. After the restriction state of the right front ratchet 8-3 is released, it can move to the limit block 16 at its own position, and reverse rotation can compress the right front hydraulic stroke valve 2-3, so as to realize the reversal of the right front hydraulic stroke valve 2-3;

[0050] The left rear concave ratchet 7-2 can rotate around the ratchet shaft 15-2 at its own position under the action of the left rear spring 6-2, and its downward movement is restricted by the state of the left rear ratchet 8-2. After the restriction state of the left rear ratchet 8-2 is released, it can move to the limit block 16 at its own position, and reverse rotation can compress the left rear hydraulic stroke valve 2-2, thereby realizing the reversal of the left rear hydraulic stroke valve 2-2.

[0051] The right rear concave ratchet 7-4 can rotate around the ratchet shaft 15-2 at its own position under the action of the right rear spring 6-4, and its downward movement is restricted by the state of the right rear pawl 8-4. After the restricted state of the right rear pawl 8-4 is released, it can move to the limit block 16 at its own position, and the reverse rotation can compress the right rear hydraulic stroke valve 2-4, thereby realizing the reversal of the right rear hydraulic stroke valve 2-4.

[0052] After the left front hydraulic stroke valve 2-1 and the left rear hydraulic stroke valve 2-2 have completed the reversal, the left lifting cylinder 3-1 stops moving; after the right front hydraulic stroke valve 2-3 and the right rear hydraulic stroke valve 2-4 have completed the reversal, the right lifting cylinder 3-2 stops moving.

[0053] like Figure 2 As shown, four bayonet pins 1-1 are arranged around the top surface of the explosion-proof battery pack 1, and two lifting chains 1-2 are arranged in the middle of the top surface. The four bayonet pins 1-1 and the two lifting chains 1-2 are arranged symmetrically.

[0054] like Figure 3 As shown, the rubber-wheeled vehicle frame 15 is composed of a frame beam I 15-7 and a frame beam II 15-8. Two boom fixing seats 15-5 and two lifting cylinder fixing seats 15-6 are arranged symmetrically in the middle of the rubber-wheeled vehicle frame 15. Four spring fixing pins 15-1, ratchet shafts 15-2, pawl shafts 15-3 and locking cylinder fixing pins 15-4 are arranged on the outside of the rubber-wheeled vehicle frame 15. The four spring fixing pins 15-1, ratchet shafts 15-2, pawl shafts 15-3 and locking cylinder fixing pins 15-4 are divided into four groups and are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the rubber-wheeled vehicle frame 15.

[0055] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a bayonet 1-1 located on the upper left side of the explosion-proof battery pack 1 is located in the notch of the left front concave ratchet 7-1, and is stuck in the space formed by the left front concave ratchet 7-1 and the left front pawl 8-1; another bayonet 1-1 located on the upper left side of the explosion-proof battery pack 1 is located in the notch of the left rear concave ratchet 7-2, and is stuck in the space formed by the left rear concave ratchet 7-2 and the left rear pawl 8-2; a bayonet 1-1 located on the right side of the explosion-proof battery pack 1 is located in the notch of the right front concave ratchet 7-3, and is stuck in the space formed by the right front concave ratchet 7-3 and the right front pawl 8-3; another bayonet 1-1 located on the upper right side of the explosion-proof battery pack 1 is located in the notch of the left and right rear concave ratchet 7-4, and is stuck in the space formed by the right rear concave ratchet 7-4 and the right rear pawl 8-4.

[0056] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the left lifting cylinder 3-1 is in an extended state, the left lifting arm 4-1 is in a dropped state, the left front concave ratchet 7-1 rotates around the ratchet shaft 5-2 to the limit block 16 under the action of the left front spring 6-1, and the notch of the left front concave ratchet 7-1 is in a downward state, and similarly, the left rear concave ratchet 7-2 rotates around the ratchet shaft 5-2 to the limit block 16 under the action of the left rear spring 6-2, and the notch of the left rear concave ratchet 7-2 is in a downward state;

[0057] The right lifting cylinder 3-2 is in an extended state, the right lifting arm 4-2 is in a falling state, and the right front concave ratchet 7-3 rotates around the ratchet shaft 5-2 to the limit block 16 under the action of the right front spring 6-3, and the notch of the right front concave ratchet 7-3 is in a downward state. Similarly, the right rear concave ratchet 7-4 rotates around the ratchet shaft 5-2 to the limit block 16 under the action of the right rear spring 6-4, and the notch of the right rear concave ratchet 7-4 is in a downward state.

[0058] like Figure 8 As shown, the left lifting cylinder operating valve 9-1 in the multi-way valve 9 controls the lifting and lowering of the left lifting cylinder 3-1; the right lifting cylinder operating valve 9-2 in the multi-way valve 9 controls the lifting and lowering of the right lifting cylinder 3-2; the locking cylinder unlocking valve 9-3 in the multi-way valve 9 controls the working states of the left front one-way hydraulic locking cylinder 5-1, the left rear one-way hydraulic locking cylinder 5-2, the right front one-way hydraulic locking cylinder 5-3 and the right rear one-way hydraulic locking cylinder 5-4;

[0059] The left front one-way hydraulic locking cylinder 5-1, the left rear one-way hydraulic locking cylinder 5-2, the right front one-way hydraulic locking cylinder 5-3 and the right rear one-way hydraulic locking cylinder 5-4 are all single-acting cylinders, which are in an extended state without the action of high-pressure oil, can be compressed after receiving external force, and can pop out automatically after the external force is released. After the high-pressure oil is introduced, the cylinder is in a compressed state;

[0060] The left front hydraulic stroke valve 2-1, the left rear hydraulic stroke valve 2-2, the right front hydraulic stroke valve 2-3 and the right rear hydraulic stroke valve 2-4 are all two-position two-way hydraulic reversing valves controlled by stroke. Their working functions are as follows: Figure 8 As shown;

[0061] The left one-way balance valve 11-1 is used to ensure the safe and stable operation of the left lifting cylinder 3-1; the right one-way balance valve 11-2 is used to ensure the safe and stable operation of the right lifting cylinder 3-2;

[0062] The oil replenishing valve 12 is used to prevent cavitation when the left front one-way hydraulic locking cylinder 5-1, the left rear one-way hydraulic locking cylinder 5-2, the right front one-way hydraulic locking cylinder 5-3 and the right rear one-way hydraulic locking cylinder 5-4 are compressed by external force;

[0063] The hydraulic pump 10, the oil suction filter 13 and the oil return filter 14 provide hydraulic power for the device and ensure normal operation, and can be shared with other facilities.

[0064] The process of quick installation and locking of the explosion-proof battery pack 1 is as follows:

[0065] The first step is to hang the two lifting chains 1-2 arranged at the upper end of the explosion-proof battery pack 1 into the left lifting arm 4-1 and the right lifting arm 4-2 respectively;

[0066] The second step is to operate the left lifting cylinder operating valve 9-1 and the right lifting cylinder operating valve 9-2, and the explosion-proof battery pack 1 moves upward;

[0067] The bayonet 1-1 at the front left side of the explosion-proof battery pack 1 enters the notch of the left front concave ratchet 7-1, and the left front concave ratchet 7-1 is pushed by the bayonet 1-1 to generate a rotational motion, and the left front concave ratchet 7-1 pushes the left front pawl 8-1 to swing, compressing the left front one-way hydraulic locking cylinder 5-1, and the explosion-proof battery pack 1 continues to move, and the bayonet 1-1 at the front left side passes over the left front pawl 8-1 and continues to rotate until the left front hydraulic stroke valve 2-1 changes direction, and the left front pawl 8-1 pops out under the action of the left front one-way hydraulic locking cylinder 5-1, and locks the bayonet 1-1 at the front left side of the explosion-proof battery pack 1 together with the left front concave ratchet 7-1;

[0068] At the same time, the bayonet 1-1 at the rear left side of the explosion-proof battery pack 1 enters the notch of the left rear concave ratchet 7-2, and the left rear concave ratchet 7-2 is pushed by the bayonet 1-1 to generate a rotational motion, and the left rear concave ratchet 7-2 pushes the left rear pawl 8-2 to compress the left rear one-way hydraulic locking cylinder 5-2, and the explosion-proof battery pack 1 continues to move, and the bayonet 1-1 at the rear left side of the explosion-proof battery pack 1 passes over the left rear pawl 8-2 and continues to rotate until the left rear hydraulic stroke valve 2-2 changes direction, and the left rear pawl 8-2 pops out under the action of the left rear one-way hydraulic locking cylinder 5-2, and together with the left rear concave ratchet 7-2, the bayonet 1-1 at the rear left side of the explosion-proof battery pack 1 is locked;

[0069] After the left front hydraulic stroke valve 2-1 and the left rear hydraulic stroke valve 2-2 have completed the reversal, the left lifting cylinder 3-1 stops moving;

[0070] At the same time, the bayonet 1-1 at the front right side of the explosion-proof battery pack 1 enters the notch of the right front concave ratchet 7-3, and the right front concave ratchet 7-3 is pushed by the bayonet 1-1 to generate a rotational motion, and the right front concave ratchet 7-3 pushes the right front pawl 8-3 to compress the right front one-way hydraulic locking cylinder 5-3, and the explosion-proof battery pack 1 continues to move, and the bayonet 1-1 at the front right side of the explosion-proof battery pack 1 passes over the right front pawl 8-3 and continues to rotate until the right front hydraulic stroke valve 2-3 changes direction, and the right front pawl 8-3 pops out under the action of the right front one-way hydraulic locking cylinder 5-3, and locks the bayonet 1-1 at the front right side of the explosion-proof battery pack 1 together with the right front concave ratchet 7-3;

[0071] At the same time, the bayonet 1-1 at the right rear end of the explosion-proof battery pack 1 enters the notch of the right rear concave ratchet 7-4, and the right rear concave ratchet 7-4 is pushed by the bayonet 1-1 to generate a rotational motion, and the right rear concave ratchet 7-4 pushes the right rear pawl 8-4 to compress the right rear one-way hydraulic locking cylinder 5-4, and the explosion-proof battery pack 1 continues to move, and the bayonet 1-1 at the right rear end of the explosion-proof battery pack 1 passes over the right rear pawl 8-4 and continues to rotate until the right rear hydraulic stroke valve 2-4 reverses, and the right rear pawl 8-4 pops out under the action of the right rear one-way hydraulic locking cylinder 5-4, and together with the right rear concave ratchet 7-4, the bayonet 1-1 at the right rear end of the explosion-proof battery pack 1 is locked;

[0072] After the right front hydraulic stroke valve 2-3 and the right rear hydraulic stroke valve 2-4 have completed the reversal, the right lifting cylinder 3-2 stops moving;

[0073] At this point, the quick-change installation of the explosion-proof battery pack 1 is completed, and the locking of the explosion-proof battery pack 1 is simultaneously achieved.

[0074] The process of quickly unlocking and unloading the explosion-proof battery pack 1 is as follows:

[0075] Operate the locking cylinder unlocking valve 9-3, the left front pawl 8-1, the left rear pawl 8-2, the right front pawl 8-3 and the right rear pawl 8-4 swing around the pawl shaft 15-3 under the action of the left front one-way hydraulic locking cylinder 5-1, the left rear one-way hydraulic locking cylinder 5-2, the right front one-way hydraulic locking cylinder 5-3 and the right rear one-way hydraulic locking cylinder 5-4 respectively, and the left front pawl 8-1, the left rear pawl 8-2, the right front pawl 8-3 and the right rear pawl 8-4 are in contact with the left front concave ratchet 7-1, the left rear concave ratchet 7-2, the right front concave ratchet 7-3 and the right rear concave ratchet The wheel 7-4 is in a non-engaged state, and the locking of the left front concave ratchet 7-1, the left rear concave ratchet 7-2, the right front concave ratchet 7-3 and the right rear concave ratchet 7-4 is released. The left front concave ratchet 7-1, the left rear concave ratchet 7-2, the right front concave ratchet 7-3 and the right rear concave ratchet 7-4 can rotate around the ratchet shaft 15-2 under the weight of the explosion-proof battery pack 1 and the left front spring 6-1, the left rear spring 6-2, the right front spring 6-3 and the right rear spring 6-4, and the locking of the four bayonet pins 1-1 on the explosion-proof battery pack 1 is completely released;

[0076] At the same time, the left lifting cylinder operating valve 9-1 and the right lifting cylinder operating valve 9-2 are operated, the left lifting cylinder 3-1 and the right lifting cylinder 3-2 are extended, and after the explosion-proof battery pack 1 moves downward to the ground, the two lifting chains 1-2 located at the upper end of the explosion-proof battery pack 1 are removed, thereby realizing the unloading of the explosion-proof battery pack 1.

[0077] Repeat the above steps to complete the rapid replacement of the explosion-proof battery pack 1.

[0078] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A quick-change device for explosion-proof battery packs on rubber-wheeled trackless vehicles, characterized in that: It includes a rubber-wheeled vehicle frame, an explosion-proof battery pack, a lifting device, a clamping device and a hydraulic system; The rubber-tyred vehicle frame comprises two frame beams I arranged opposite to each other and at least two frame beams II connecting the two frame beams I; The top surface of the explosion-proof battery pack is provided with a lifting chain and a bayonet plate, and the side of the bayonet plate facing the frame beam I is provided with a bayonet; The lifting device is installed on the frame beam II and is used to connect with the lifting chain to realize the up and down movement of the explosion-proof battery pack; The clamping device is symmetrically arranged on two frame beams I with the central axis of the rubber-wheeled vehicle frame as the symmetry axis, and includes a concave ratchet, a spring, a limit block and a pawl; The concave ratchet is rotatably mounted on the frame beam I through the ratchet shaft, and is provided with a notch for accommodating the bayonet pin; The two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the concave ratchet and the frame beam I, and are used to pull the concave ratchet to rotate to the limit block after the bayonet is separated from the notch so that the notch faces downward; The pawl is rotatably mounted on the frame beam I via a pawl shaft, and is provided with a pawl tip that can be inserted into or out of the notch during the rotation of the concave ratchet wheel; In the hydraulic system, the two ends of the locking cylinder are rotatably connected to the pawl and the frame beam I respectively. The locking cylinder can be compressed during the upward rotation of the notch. After the notch rotates upward to a preset position, the locking cylinder can pop out to insert the claw tip set on the pawl into the notch. During the downward rotation of the notch, the locking cylinder can be retracted to make the claw tip detach from the notch, thereby releasing the rotation restriction on the concave ratchet. The clamping device also includes a hydraulic stroke valve installed on the frame beam I, the hydraulic stroke valve and the spring are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the ratchet shaft, and the limit block is arranged on the same side as the spring; The pressure wheel of the hydraulic stroke valve contacts the concave ratchet wheel. When the pressure wheel is not compressed, port B is disconnected from port A. When the pressure wheel is compressed, port A and port B are bidirectionally connected. The locking cylinder is a one-way hydraulic locking cylinder, which is in an extended state without the action of high-pressure oil, and is in a compressed state after being subjected to external force or the introduction of high-pressure oil. It can pop out automatically after the external force is released or the oil pressure disappears; The lifting device comprises two sets of lifting cylinders corresponding to the clamping devices on the two frame beams I; The explosion-proof battery trackless rubber-tyred vehicle onboard explosion-proof battery pack quick-change device also includes a multi-way valve and a one-way balancing valve; The multi-way valve includes a lifting cylinder operating valve and a locking cylinder unlocking valve; The two lifting cylinder operating valves respectively control the movement of the two sets of lifting cylinders; The P port of the lifting cylinder operating valve is for oil inlet, the T port is for oil return, the A port is connected to the A port of the one-way balancing valve, the B port of the one-way balancing valve is connected to the rod chamber of the lifting cylinder, the rodless chamber of the lifting cylinder is connected to the B port of the lifting cylinder operating valve, and the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of each lifting cylinder are connected in series through a hydraulic stroke valve; The P port of the locking cylinder unlocking valve is for oil inlet, the T port is for oil return, the A port is connected with the rod chamber of the one-way hydraulic locking cylinder, and the B port is blocked.

2. The explosion-proof battery quick-change device for rubber-tyred trackless vehicles according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lifting device also includes a boom; The two frame beams II are symmetrically arranged with the center axis of the rubber-wheeled vehicle frame as the symmetry axis with the boom fixing seat and the lifting cylinder fixing seat; The two ends of the lifting cylinder are rotatably connected to the lifting cylinder fixing seat and the rear end of the boom respectively; The front end of the boom is in the shape of a hook for connecting with a lifting chain, and the lower end is rotatably connected with a boom fixing seat.

3. The explosion-proof battery quick-change device for rubber-tyred trackless vehicles according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Two sets of front and rear clamping devices are installed on each frame beam I, and the hydraulic stroke valves of the two sets of clamping devices are connected in series; The top surface of the explosion-proof battery pack is provided with two lifting chains and four bayonet plates.

4. The explosion-proof battery quick-change device for rubber-tyred trackless vehicles according to claim 3 is characterized in that: An oil replenishing valve is connected between port A of the locking cylinder unlocking valve and the one-way hydraulic locking cylinder; The P port of the lifting cylinder operating valve and the P port of the locking cylinder unlocking valve are supplied with oil by the hydraulic pump, an oil suction filter is arranged between the hydraulic pump and the oil tank, and an oil return filter is arranged between the T port of the lifting cylinder operating valve and the T port of the locking cylinder unlocking valve and the oil tank.

5. The explosion-proof battery quick-change device for rubber-tyred trackless vehicles according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A spring fixing pin, a ratchet shaft, a pawl shaft and a locking cylinder fixing pin are symmetrically arranged on the two frame beams I with the central axis of the rubber-wheeled vehicle frame as the symmetry axis.

6. A method for quickly installing and locking an explosion-proof battery pack on a rubber-tyred trackless vehicle, characterized in that: The quick-change device for explosion-proof battery packs on a rubber-tyred trackless vehicle with explosion-proof batteries according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is implemented, comprising the following steps: S1, connecting two lifting chains arranged on the top surface of the explosion-proof battery pack to the lifting device respectively; S2, operate the two lifting cylinder operating valves to connect the P port with the A port, and the B port with the T port, and the high-pressure oil flows into the rod chamber of the lifting cylinder through the A port of the lifting cylinder operating valve and the one-way balance valve. The pressure wheel of the hydraulic stroke valve is not compressed, and the high-pressure oil directly enters the rod chamber of the lifting cylinder to compress the lifting cylinder, and the explosion-proof battery pack moves upward; The pin of the explosion-proof battery pack enters the notch of the concave ratchet, and the concave ratchet is pushed by the pin to generate a rotational motion. The concave ratchet pushes the claw tip to make the ratchet swing, causing the concave ratchet to compress the hydraulic stroke valve. At the same time, the ratchet compresses the one-way hydraulic locking cylinder. The explosion-proof battery pack continues to move, and the claw tip passes over the upper end of the notch and inserts into the notch. The pressure wheel of the hydraulic stroke valve is compressed, and the A and B ports are bidirectionally connected to achieve reversal. The high-pressure oil flows from the A port of the hydraulic stroke valve into the B port and flows out, and flows back to the B port of the lifting cylinder operating valve. When the hydraulic stroke valve is reversed, the external force of the one-way hydraulic locking cylinder is released, and the ratchet pops out and locks the pin on the explosion-proof battery pack together with the concave ratchet.

7. A method for quickly unlocking and unloading an explosion-proof battery pack mounted on a rubber-tyred trackless vehicle, characterized in that: The quick-change device for explosion-proof battery packs on a rubber-tyred trackless vehicle with explosion-proof batteries according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is implemented, comprising the following steps: S1, operate the unlocking valve of the locking cylinder to connect the P port with the A port, and the B port with the T port. The high-pressure oil enters the rod chamber of the one-way hydraulic locking cylinder through the A port of the locking cylinder unlocking valve to compress the one-way hydraulic locking cylinder. The ratchet swings under the action of the one-way hydraulic locking cylinder, and the claw tip passes over the upper end of the notch and disengages from the notch. The concave ratchet rotates to the limit block under the action of the explosion-proof battery pack's deadweight and the spring to make the notch face downward. At the same time, the pressure wheel of the hydraulic stroke valve is released, and the B port is disconnected from the A port. S2, operate the two lifting cylinder operating valves to connect the P port with the B port, and the A port with the T port. The high-pressure oil flows into the rodless chamber of the lifting cylinder through the B port of the lifting cylinder operating valve. The oil in the rod chamber of the lifting cylinder flows back to the A port of the lifting cylinder operating valve through the one-way balancing valve. The lifting cylinder extends, the explosion-proof battery pack moves downward to the ground, the lifting chain is removed, and the rapid disassembly of the explosion-proof battery pack is completed.

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