Full-face tunnel boring machine and its supporting systems

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of soil or rock excavation equipment, and in particular to a full-face tunnel boring machine and its rear supporting system. The rear supporting system of the full-face tunnel boring machine includes a rear supporting trailer group and a material transportation system for transporting materials from the rear to the rear supporting trailer group, the material transportation system includes a transport vehicle and a winch for controlling the movement of the transport vehicle through a redirecting wheel, the rear supporting trailer group is provided with a material transfer device for transferring materials between the material transportation system and the tunnel boring machine, and there is a material transfer position between the material transfer device and the transport vehicle, and the redirecting wheel is provided on the rear supporting trailer group, located in front of the material transfer position, so that the transport vehicle can reach the material transfer position. During the excavation process of the full-face tunnel boring machine, there is no need to regularly adjust the position of the redirecting wheel in the tunnel, thereby solving the problem of the inconvenience of using the material transportation system of the existing full-face tunnel boring machine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of soil or rock stratum excavation equipment, in particular to a full-face excavator and its subsequent supporting system. Background Art

[0002] Inclined shaft tunnel engineering is a key project in the construction of pumped storage power stations and coal mines. Inclined shaft TBM is a full-section tunnel boring machine with high excavation efficiency, high safety factor, and the potential to achieve unmanned and unmanned intelligent construction in the field of mine construction. It can be used to solve the excavation problem of inclined shaft tunnels. The main components of the inclined shaft TBM are the main machine and the rear supporting system. The main machine includes a shield body, a cutterhead, a main drive, a propulsion device, an anti-slip device, and a rear support. The cutterhead is installed in the shield body through the main drive, and the propulsion device and the support device are installed on the main beam behind the shield body to provide the main machine with the driving load required for excavation and assist the main machine in changing steps. The rear supporting system includes a trailer group consisting of trailers such as electromechanical hydraulic trailers and material transfer trailers, as well as a transportation system for transporting consumables or construction personnel from the tunnel entrance to the main machine.

[0003] There are many solutions to the problem of TBM anti-slipping. For example, the Chinese patent with publication number CN210509184U and publication date May 12, 2020, and the Chinese patent with publication number CN206600173U and publication date October 31, 2017 both involve TBM anti-slipping devices; the patent application with publication number CN113217001A and publication date August 6, 2021 focuses on the construction method of TBM anti-slipping in inclined shafts; however, in the prior art, there are few technologies related to the material transportation of TBM in inclined shafts. For example, none of the above patents or patent applications involve the material transportation of TBM in inclined shafts.

[0004] In response to the above problems, a patent application with publication number CN112377245A and publication date 2021.02.19 provides an inclined shaft material transportation system and transportation method, wherein the inclined shaft material transportation system comprises a first subsystem and a second subsystem, the first subsystem is arranged between the bottom of the inclined shaft and the tail of the inclined shaft TBM, and the second subsystem is arranged between the tail of the inclined shaft TBM and the inclined shaft TBM main machine, wherein the first subsystem is used to deliver materials or personnel from the bottom of the inclined shaft to the tail of the TBM, specifically including a reversing wheel group, a winch and a locomotive device, the winch is arranged at the bottom of the inclined shaft, the reversing wheel group is arranged above the tail of the TBM, fixed on the wall of the tunnel, and the locomotive device is fixed on the wire rope of the winch. When in use, the wire rope is driven by the winch, and then the locomotive device is driven to reciprocate to transport materials or construction personnel. After the TBM has excavated a certain distance, the position of the reversing wheel group is moved to achieve the follow-up of the locomotive device.

[0005] In addition, a patent with the announcement number CN206600173U and the announcement date of October 31, 2017 discloses a new type of steep slope open-type TBM. Unlike the above-mentioned inclined shaft material transportation system, the material transportation vehicle of the new steep slope open-type TBM travels by laying tracks at the bottom of the tunnel, and still relies on a winch and a redirecting wheel fixed in the tunnel to achieve forward movement. Therefore, after the TBM has excavated a certain distance, the position of the redirecting wheel must be moved to achieve the follow-up of the transportation vehicle. The regular movement of the redirecting wheel is very inconvenient and will reduce the construction efficiency to a certain extent. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a rear-end supporting system for a full-face tunnel boring machine, so as to solve the problem that the material transportation system of the existing full-face tunnel boring machine is inconvenient to use.

[0007] At the same time, the purpose of the present invention is also to provide a full-face tunneling machine using the full-face tunneling machine rear supporting system of the present invention.

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, the rear supporting system of the full-face tunnel boring machine of the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: the rear supporting system of the full-face tunnel boring machine includes a rear supporting trailer group and a material transportation system for transporting materials from the rear to the rear supporting trailer group, the material transportation system includes a transport vehicle and a winch for controlling the movement of the transport vehicle through a redirecting wheel, the rear supporting trailer group is provided with a material transfer device for transferring materials between the material transportation system and the tunnel boring machine, and a material transfer position is provided between the material transfer device and the transport vehicle, and the redirecting wheel is arranged on the rear supporting trailer group and is located in front of the material transfer position so that the transport vehicle can reach the material transfer position.

[0009] Beneficial effect: Compared with the prior art, the rear-end matching system of the full-section roadheader of the present invention sets the redirecting wheel on the rear-end matching trailer group or the main machine of the full-section roadheader by changing the position element of the redirecting wheel, and sets it in front of the material transfer position. When the main machine of the full-section roadheader moves forward, the position of the redirecting wheel will change accordingly, that is, a stable relative position relationship can be formed between the redirecting wheel and the material transfer position. Therefore, during the excavation process of the full-section roadheader, there is no need to regularly adjust the position of the redirecting wheel in the tunnel, thereby solving the problem of the inconvenience of using the material transportation system of the existing full-section roadheader.

[0010] Furthermore, the redirecting wheel is a flat wheel, and its axis is perpendicular to the tunnel bottom. When the redirecting wheel is set as a flat wheel, and its axis is perpendicular to the tunnel bottom, the vertical space occupied by the redirecting wheel can be reduced, and at the same time, the extension direction of the traction rope is consistent with the force direction, so as to prevent the traction rope from jumping off the redirecting wheel.

[0011] Furthermore, the rear supporting trailer group is provided with left and right opposing traction rope limiting rollers behind the redirecting wheel, and the distance between the left and right traction rope limiting rollers is smaller than the diameter of the redirecting wheel. The traction rope limiting rollers can increase the wrap angle between the traction rope and the redirecting wheel, thereby ensuring the stability of the coordination between the traction rope and the redirecting wheel.

[0012] Furthermore, the traction rope limiting rollers are arranged in two rows on the left and right sides, and the two rows of traction rope limiting rollers are arranged relatively in an "eight" shape from back to front. The two rows of traction rope limiting rollers are arranged relatively in an "eight" shape from back to front, which can conform to the extension path trend of the traction rope itself and ensure that the traction rope is subjected to gentle force at each traction rope limiting roller.

[0013] Furthermore, the rear supporting trailer group is provided with left and right opposing columns on the left and right sides of the redirecting wheel, and the distance between the left and right opposing columns is smaller than the diameter of the redirecting wheel. The columns with a spacing smaller than the diameter of the redirecting wheel can stop the redirecting wheel when the redirecting wheel becomes loose or falls off, thereby preventing the transport vehicle from slipping.

[0014] Furthermore, the transport vehicle is a rail vehicle and is equipped with corresponding transport vehicle tracks. The rail vehicle has better travel route constraints and is more stable and reliable.

[0015] Furthermore, the material transfer device is a crane arranged on the rear supporting trailer group.

[0016] Furthermore, the crane includes a crane beam extending in the front-to-back direction and a lifting device mounted on the crane beam in front and rear guides, and the lower part of the crane beam constitutes the material transfer position. When the lower part of the crane beam extending in the front and rear direction constitutes the material transfer position, the initial position of the transport vehicle moving to the rear supporting trailer group can be arranged at the tail of the crane beam, and then the transport vehicle automatically moves forward with the forward movement of the redirecting wheel during the excavation process, and adapts to a certain distance, thereby saving the energy consumption of the winch.

[0017] Furthermore, the material transfer position is arranged close to the first trailer of the rear supporting trailer group, and the trailer after the material transfer position is a door trailer, and a passage is formed in the middle of the door trailer for the transport vehicle to pass through. The door trailer can be more conveniently connected with the transport vehicle.

[0018] The full-face tunnel boring machine of the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: the full-face tunnel boring machine includes a main machine and a rear supporting system, the rear supporting system includes a rear supporting trailer group and a material transportation system for transporting materials from the rear to the rear supporting trailer group, the material transportation system includes a transport vehicle and a winch for controlling the movement of the transport vehicle through a redirecting wheel, the rear supporting trailer group is provided with a material transfer device for transferring materials between the material transportation system and the tunnel boring machine, a material transfer position is provided between the material transfer device and the transport vehicle, the redirecting wheel is provided on the rear supporting trailer group, and is located in front of the material transfer position so that the transport vehicle can reach the material transfer position.

[0019] Beneficial effect: Compared with the prior art, the full-section roadheader of the present invention sets the redirecting wheel on the rear supporting trailer group by changing the position element of the redirecting wheel of the rear supporting system, and sets it in front of the material transfer position. When the main machine of the full-section roadheader moves forward, the position of the redirecting wheel will change accordingly, that is, a stable relative position relationship can be formed between the redirecting wheel and the material transfer position. Therefore, during the excavation process of the full-section roadheader, there is no need to regularly adjust the position of the redirecting wheel in the tunnel, thereby solving the problem of the inconvenience of using the material transportation system of the existing full-section roadheader.

[0020] Furthermore, the redirecting wheel is a flat wheel, and its axis is perpendicular to the tunnel bottom. When the redirecting wheel is set as a flat wheel, and its axis is perpendicular to the tunnel bottom, the vertical space occupied by the redirecting wheel can be reduced, and at the same time, the extension direction of the traction rope is consistent with the force direction, so as to prevent the traction rope from jumping off the redirecting wheel.

[0021] Furthermore, the rear supporting trailer group is provided with left and right opposing traction rope limiting rollers behind the redirecting wheel, and the distance between the left and right traction rope limiting rollers is smaller than the diameter of the redirecting wheel. The traction rope limiting rollers can increase the wrap angle between the traction rope and the redirecting wheel, thereby ensuring the stability of the coordination between the traction rope and the redirecting wheel.

[0022] Furthermore, the traction rope limiting rollers are arranged in two rows on the left and right sides, and the two rows of traction rope limiting rollers are arranged relatively in an "eight" shape from back to front. The two rows of traction rope limiting rollers are arranged relatively in an "eight" shape from back to front, which can conform to the extension path trend of the traction rope itself and ensure that the traction rope is subjected to gentle force at each traction rope limiting roller.

[0023] Furthermore, the rear supporting trailer group is provided with left and right opposing columns on the left and right sides of the redirecting wheel, and the distance between the left and right opposing columns is smaller than the diameter of the redirecting wheel. The columns with a spacing smaller than the diameter of the redirecting wheel can stop the redirecting wheel when the redirecting wheel becomes loose or falls off, thereby preventing the transport vehicle from slipping.

[0024] Furthermore, the transport vehicle is a rail vehicle and is equipped with corresponding transport vehicle tracks. The rail vehicle has better travel route constraints and is more stable and reliable.

[0025] Furthermore, the material transfer device is a crane arranged on the rear supporting trailer group.

[0026] Furthermore, the crane includes a crane beam extending in the front-to-back direction and a lifting device mounted on the crane beam in front and rear guides, and the lower part of the crane beam constitutes the material transfer position. When the lower part of the crane beam extending in the front and rear direction constitutes the material transfer position, the initial position of the transport vehicle moving to the rear supporting trailer group can be arranged at the tail of the crane beam, and then the transport vehicle automatically moves forward with the forward movement of the redirecting wheel during the excavation process, and adapts to a certain distance, thereby saving the energy consumption of the winch.

[0027] Furthermore, the material transfer position is arranged close to the first trailer of the rear supporting trailer group, and the trailer after the material transfer position is a door trailer, and a passage is formed in the middle of the door trailer for the transport vehicle to pass through. The door trailer can be more conveniently connected with the transport vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the use state of the embodiment 1 of the full-face tunnel boring machine of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the embodiment 1 of the full-face tunnel boring machine of the present invention at the redirecting wheel;

[0030] Figure 3 1 is a top view of the embodiment 1 of the full-face tunnel boring machine of the present invention at the redirecting wheel;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of Example 1 of the full-face tunnel boring machine of the present invention at the transport vehicle.

[0032] In the figure: 101, material; 11, shield; 12, main drive; 13, cutter head; 14, rear support; 15, support system; 16, anti-slip device; 17, support shoe; 18, thrust cylinder; 19, tunnel; 20, first trailer; 21, middle trailer; 22, tail trailer; 23, transport vehicle; 24, crane; 25, lifting device; 26, winch; 27, redirecting wheel; 28, assembly cavern; 29, traction rope; 30, transport vehicle track; 31, trailer track; 32, column; 33, traction rope limit roller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention, that is, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0034] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] It should be noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second" that may appear are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, terms such as "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements that are not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by a sentence such as "comprises a..." does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device that includes the element.

[0036] The features and performance of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0037] Embodiment 1 of the full-face tunnel boring machine of the present invention:

[0038] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the full-face tunnel boring machine includes a main machine and a rear supporting system.

[0039] The full-face tunnel boring machine in this embodiment is specifically a TBM (other embodiments may also be shield machines), so the main machine is the main machine of the TBM, which includes a shield body 11, a main drive 12, a cutter head 13, a propulsion system, a rear support 14, a support system 15 and an anti-slip device 16. A partition is provided in the shield body 11, the main drive 12 is installed at the center of the partition, and the cutter head 13 is installed on the main drive 12, located in front of the partition, and an excavation chamber is formed between the partition. The propulsion system includes a support shoe 17 and a propulsion cylinder 18. The rear support 14 is installed on the main beam, and is used to cooperate with the support shoe 17 to realize the step change of the tunnel boring machine during the excavation process. The support system 15 is used to support the excavated tunnel 19. The anti-slip device 16 is installed at the rear of the propulsion system to prevent the tunnel boring machine from slipping due to factors such as gravity. The specific structure of the main machine is a prior art and will not be repeated here.

[0040] The aftermarket system includes the aftermarket trailer set and the material transportation system.

[0041] The rear trailer set in this embodiment includes three trailers, which are referred to as the first trailer 20, the middle trailer 21 and the tail trailer 22 from front to back. In this embodiment, the middle trailer 21 and the tail trailer 22 are both door trailers, and their cross sections are as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown. The first trailer 20 and the middle trailer 21 are provided with a material transfer device, which is used to pick up and place materials 101 in the rear material transportation system and transfer them forward to the main engine of the tunnel boring machine. Since the middle trailer 21 and the tail trailer 22 are both gantry trailers, the openings below them form a passage for the transport vehicle 23 of the material transportation system to pass through.

[0042] In this embodiment, the material transfer device specifically adopts a crane 24, which includes a crane beam and a lifting device. The crane beam extends along the arrangement direction of the three-section trailer, that is, along the front-to-back direction. The lifting device 25 adopts a lifting hoist, which is guided and assembled on the crane beam along the front-to-back direction, so that a material transfer position is formed below the crane beam, and the transport vehicle 23 of the material transportation system can move to the material transfer position, and the crane can pick up and place materials 101 at the material transfer position.

[0043] The material transport system includes a winch 26, a transport vehicle 23 and a redirecting wheel 27. The winch 26 is arranged in the assembly chamber 28 of the tunnel when in use, and the redirecting wheel 27 is installed on the rear supporting trailer group. The transport vehicle 23 is connected to one end of the traction rope 29 of the winch 26, and the traction rope 29 changes its extension direction through the redirecting wheel 27. In this embodiment, the traction rope is specifically a steel wire rope. Of course, in other embodiments, the traction rope can also be a steel chain or other structure.

[0044] In this embodiment, the transport vehicle 23 is a rail vehicle and is equipped with transport vehicle tracks 30. The spacing between the transport vehicle tracks 30 of the transport vehicle 23 is smaller than the spacing between the trailer tracks 31 of the rear matching trailer group, so that the transport vehicle 23 can travel between the trailer tracks 31 and can enter the lower opening of the gantry trailer to reach the material transfer position.

[0045] In this embodiment, the redirecting wheel 27 is arranged on the first trailer 20. Since it is arranged on the first trailer 20, the position of the material transfer can be as far forward as possible and as close to the main engine of the tunnel boring machine as possible, thereby shortening the distance of the material 101 transfer. A wheel frame corresponding to the redirecting wheel 27 is arranged on the first trailer 20. The redirecting wheel 27 is installed in the wheel frame, and its center line is perpendicular to the bottom of the tunnel, so it is a flat wheel. On the frame of the first trailer 20, columns 32 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides behind the redirecting wheel. The diameter of the redirecting wheel 27 is greater than the distance between the left and right columns, so that the left and right columns simultaneously form the limiting columns of the redirecting wheel, which can be used to stop the redirecting wheel 27 from retreating when an emergency occurs. In order to increase the wrap angle between the traction rope 29 and the redirecting wheel 27, the first trailer 20 is also provided with traction rope limiting rollers 33 on the left and right sides behind the redirecting wheel 27, and the distance between the left and right traction rope limiting rollers is less than the diameter of the redirecting wheel 27. In this embodiment, there are two rows of traction rope limiting rollers 33, which are arranged in an "eight" shape from back to front, which can follow the extension path trend of the traction rope 29 itself and ensure that the traction rope 29 is subjected to gentle force at each traction rope limiting roller 33. At the same time, one end of the traction rope 29 used for connecting with the transport vehicle 23 is located in the middle of the transport vehicle track to avoid pulling the transport vehicle 23 off.

[0046] In the process of using the full-face tunnel boring machine of the present invention to dig an inclined shaft, the redirecting wheel 27 is then matched with the trailer group to dig forward. The winch 26 is equipped with a control system. The control system controls the rotation of the winch drum. The rotation of the drum drives the traction rope wrapped around the winch to be retracted and released, which can drive the transport vehicle 23 to move up and down along the transport vehicle track 30. At the same time, the forward movement of the tunnel boring machine will also drive the transport vehicle 23 to move forward.

[0047] Embodiment 2 of the full-face tunnel boring machine of the present invention:

[0048] In the embodiment 1 of the full-face tunnel boring machine of the present invention, the redirecting wheel 27 is set as a flat wheel. In this embodiment, the redirecting wheel is a vertical wheel, and its center line extends in the left-right direction.

[0049] Embodiment 3 of the full-face tunnel boring machine of the present invention:

[0050] In Embodiment 1 of the full-face tunnel boring machine of the present invention, the redirecting wheel 27 is arranged on the first trailer, so that when in use, the transport vehicle can be as close to the main engine of the tunnel boring machine as possible to reduce the transfer path of the materials. In this embodiment, there are multiple intermediate trailers, and the redirecting wheel can be arranged on any intermediate trailer. It only needs to ensure that it is located after the material transfer position to meet the material supply demand. Of course, the closer the redirecting wheel is to the first trailer, the better. In other embodiments, the winch can also be arranged on the inclined shaft and the main engine of the tunnel boring machine. In this case, it is particularly suitable when the excavation diameter of the tunnel boring machine is large and there is sufficient space at the main engine.

[0051] Embodiment 4 of the full-face tunnel boring machine of the present invention:

[0052] In the embodiment 1 of the full-face tunnel boring machine of the present invention, the material transfer device is specifically a crane. In this embodiment, the material transfer device is specifically a mechanical arm. In this case, the trailer may not adopt a portal structure, and the mechanical arm can grab the material from the rear of the trailer.

[0053] Embodiment 5 of the full-face tunnel boring machine of the present invention:

[0054] In the embodiment 1 of the full-face tunnel boring machine of the present invention, the transport vehicle is specifically a rail vehicle, and in this embodiment, a general trolley that can move on the ground is used.

[0055] Embodiment of the rear supporting system of the full-face tunnel boring machine of the present invention:

[0056] The rear-end supporting system of the full-face tunnel boring machine may adopt the structure of the rear-end supporting system in any of the above-mentioned embodiments of the full-face tunnel boring machine, which will not be described in detail here.

Claims

1. A rear supporting system of a full-face roadheader, comprising a rear supporting trailer group and a material transportation system for transporting materials from the rear to the rear supporting trailer group, the material transportation system comprising a transport vehicle and a winch for controlling the movement of the transport vehicle through a steering wheel, the rear supporting trailer group being provided with a material transfer device for transferring materials between the material transportation system and the roadheader, a material transfer position being provided between the material transfer device and the transport vehicle, and characterized in that: The redirecting wheel is arranged on the first trailer of the rear matching trailer group, and is located in front of the material transfer position, so that the transport vehicle can reach the material transfer position. The material transfer position is arranged close to the first trailer of the rear matching trailer group. The rear matching trailer group is provided with left and right opposing traction rope limiting rollers behind the redirecting wheel. The distance between the left and right traction rope limiting rollers is smaller than the diameter of the redirecting wheel. The traction rope limiting rollers are arranged in two rows on the left and right sides. The left and right rows of traction rope limiting rollers are relatively arranged in an "eight" shape from back to front. The redirecting wheel is a flat wheel. The rear matching trailer group is provided with left and right opposing columns on the left and right sides of the redirecting wheel, and the distance between the left and right opposing columns is smaller than the diameter of the redirecting wheel.

2. The rear supporting system of the full-face tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axis of the redirecting wheel is perpendicular to the bottom of the tunnel.

3. The rear supporting system of the full-face tunnel boring machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The transport vehicle is a rail vehicle and is equipped with corresponding transport vehicle tracks.

4. The rear supporting system of the full-face tunnel boring machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The material transfer device is a crane arranged on the rear supporting trailer group.

5. The rear supporting system of the full-face tunnel boring machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The crane comprises a crane beam extending in the front-rear direction and a lifting device guided in the front-rear direction and mounted on the crane beam, and the lower part of the crane beam constitutes the material transfer position.

6. The rear supporting system of the full-face tunnel boring machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The trailer after the material transfer is a portal trailer, and a passage is formed in the middle of the portal trailer for the transport vehicle to pass through.

7. Full-face tunnel boring machine, including main machine and supporting system, characterized in that: The after-sales system is the after-sales system according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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